Digital Repression and Techno-Authoritarianism

Presented by EndCoder Denise Fouche, this presentation describes South Africa's legal response to cyber security threats, particularly in the banking industry.

This document provides an overview and analysis of the Digital Security Act 2018 in Bangladesh. It discusses the purpose of the act to address cybersecurity issues, the controversies around limitations to civil liberties, and an evaluation of the act's constitutionality and viability based on international guidelines. The document examines specific sections of the act that are controversial and violate constitutional rights. It provides recommendations to address these issues in both the short and long term through legislative amendments and capacity building.

This document discusses several cyber security challenges and issues including: 1. Legal and policy issues surrounding data protection, privacy, and the need for international cyber regulations. 2. Technical issues such as the use of digital currencies, anonymity tools, and privacy policies across different platforms and service providers. 3. Emerging technologies like cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things (IoT) present new security risks as more devices are connected but often lack adequate protections. 4. The Observer Research Foundation proposes research topics around Internet governance and how to effectively respond to cyber attacks within existing legal frameworks.

This document summarizes the decline of internet freedom in Hong Kong over recent years. It describes how censorship was previously non-existent but increased after the national security law was passed in 2020. This allowed authorities to order taking down of online content and surveillance. Many websites and apps were blocked or self-censored in response. Real name registration for SIM cards was also introduced, tightening government control over online activities. The future may include further pressure on global internet platforms to censor in Hong Kong as well as local legislation increasing government powers over online speech.

The Common Good Digital Framework (CGDF) is a proposed campaign and platform to monitor violations of ethical values and standards related to artificial intelligence, personal data, cyber security, and digital activity by governments and large organizations. The CGDF will focus on issues like AI bias, privacy, and cyber security, and will generate policy recommendations in response to identified problems. It will utilize partners, advisors, and social media to distribute its findings and recommendations in order to influence policymaking and encourage corrective actions. The goal is to establish new ethical norms and regulations to help guide digital progress for the benefit of all humanity.

This document provides an overview of internet governance and policy best practices. It covers: - Definitions of internet governance and the issues it encompasses such as infrastructure, standards, legal matters and access. - A brief history of internet governance including the establishment of key organizations like ICANN, IETF and involvement of the UN. - An introduction to content control including the types of content commonly restricted, technical and legal methods of control, and a global overview of censorship. - Issues regarding regulation of content by private companies as well as challenges in the quasi-public sphere. - Examples of content restriction cases and efforts to protect free expression on private platforms like the Global Network Initiative.

Presentation to a joint/plenary session of the 16th Highway Africa Conference and the 3rd World Conference of the Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) in Grahamstown, South Africa, September 10, 2012.

What is cyber law? What is cyber crime? Cybercrimes areas what law relating to Data protection and privacy Software Licensing Issues IT acts Policy Versus Law Codes of Ethics and Professional Organizations

China's Great Firewall China has a population of over 1.4 billion people, and more than 700 million of its citizens are Internet users. Given those statistics, it is perhaps not surprising that China is the world's leader in e-commerce, with 40 percent of global sales volumedouble that of the United States. China is also the home of 4 of the world's top 12 Internet companies ranked by market capitalization: e-commerce giant Alibaba, social-media and gaming company Tencent, search specialist Baidu, and smartphone maker Xiaomi. China has accomplished all this while implementing a system of Internet censorship and surveillance measures, dubbed the Golden Shield Project and the Great Firewall, which are some of the strictest in the world. China's attempt to control access and limit content available to its citizens began shortly after the Internet's introduction in China. The country's Golden Shield Project and the Great Firewall are part of immense, multifaceted Internet surveillance and content control system that is augmented by workers who delete and add posts to spin any debate in favor of the government's stance. The goal of the Chinese government is to block all content it deems undesirable, particularly news stories that are unfavorable to China or its leaders, as well as references to infamous events, such as the 1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre. While the Golden Shield Project is focused on domestic sites, the Great Firewall stands at the international gateways, keeping out unwanted foreign sites using a sophisticated and multitiered system. According to Simon Denyer, the Washington Post's bureau chief in China, "The Great Firewall is an attempt to bridge one of the country's most fundamental contradictionsto have an economy intricately connected to the outside world but a political culture closed off from such 'Western values' as free speech and democracy." Chinese Internet users have their own censored versions of popular services, including Baidu (instead of Google), Weibo (instead of Twitter), WeChat (instead of Facebook), and Youku (instead of YouTube). In addition, the Great Firewall blocks roughly 25 percent of all Internet sites, including the Chinese and English news websites of the Reuters news agency, Bloomberg LP, the Guardian, and the New York Times so that they are inaccessible in China. Some Chinese Internet users are able to gain access to restricted content through the use of virtual private networks (VPNs), which help users elude the restrictions of the Great Firewall by changing the IP address on their computer, laptop, or mobile device into one of many offered by the VPN provider. So, while a user may be accessing the Internet from a city within China, the VPN makes it look like the user is in Japan or some other country where Internet access is unrestricted. In addition, once users activate their VPN, they are connected to one of its servers via a dedicated, encrypted link, ensuring all of the data flowing back and fo.