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Designing AI For Humans
AI and Machine Learning World
Samantha Starmer
15 June, 2017
Samantha Starmer – AI and Machine Learning World
WHO AM I?
15/6/2017 2
Formerly VP Global
Digital Experiences,
Ralph Lauren
Also Razorfish, REI,
Microsoft, Amazon
I’m passionate about
creating GREAT
customer experiences,
regardless of screen or
device; online or offline.
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
IS THIS AI?
3
http://vodzilla.co/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/westworld-brynner.jpg
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
IS THIS AI?
4
Image: http://i.lv3.hbo.com/assets/images/series/westworld/episodes/media-blast/160819-westworld-s1-blast-07-1280.jpg
Tim Urban essay: http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/artificial-intelligence-revolution-1.html

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Artificial intelligence a bane or boon-pdf
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Jim Spohrer (IBM) gave a presentation on cognitive startups and the future of computing. He discussed how machine learning and AI are advancing rapidly, with capabilities like image tagging and captioning already available. By 2035, he predicted "cognitive mediators" will be tools that know users better than they know themselves and help people in their jobs and daily lives. While machines are getting smarter, developing wisdom requires focusing on inspiring students to use new technologies to solve problems. The future will require "T-shaped" thinkers with broad skills and deep expertise to build a better world.

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
IS THIS AI?
5
https://www.pinterest.com/alexsandranina/os-jetsons
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
IS THIS AI?
6
http://worldversus.com/img/terminator.jpg
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAL_9000
HAL, IS THIS AI?
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
BETTER?
8
“Artificial intelligence is the branch of computer
science concerned with making computers
behave like humans”
“The theory and development of computer
systems able to perform tasks that normally
require human intelligence.”
“Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence
exhibited by machines.”
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/artificial_intelligence.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artificial%20intelligence
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/artificial_intelligence
“1: a branch of computer science dealing with the
simulation of intelligent behavior in computers
2: the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent
human behavior”

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
SHOULD WE BE SCARED?
9
Text: http://www2.itif.org
Image: http://www2.itif.org/2016-myths-full.jpg
“When it comes to artificial intelligence,
myths are spreading faster than the
technology itself is advancing. Left
unchecked, these myths could inspire
fears that undermine the technology’s
progress, which would be to the detriment
of economic growth and social progress.”
- Information Technology & Innovation
Foundation
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
HELP THE HUMAN
10
Text: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ibm/2016/08/15/beyond-ai-human-machine-collaboration-for-the-advancement-of-humankind
Image: http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35810133
“…cognitive systems such as IBM Watson are specifically designed to augment human intelligence, and to
work side-by-side with human experts as tools for enhanced decision-making.”
- Christopher A. Padilla, IBM
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
PLEASE HELP THE HUMAN!
11
“The sheer volume of data being generated by the world is creating a form of cognitive overload for
professionals and consumers alike, and [AI] systems excel at harnessing and making that data useful.”
- Christopher A. Padilla, IBM
Text: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ibm/2016/08/15/beyond-ai-human-machine-collaboration-for-the-advancement-of-humankind
Image: http://raconteur.net/public/img/articles/2012/06/Computers-are-smarter-than-lawyers-2-760x428.jpg
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
(WE’RE USED TO IT)
12
“In this new world of cognitive computing, humans and machines work better together than
individually…every transformative tool that humans have created — from the wheel to the steam engine or
the microprocessor — has augmented human capabilities.”
- Christopher A. Padilla, IBM Text: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ibm/2016/08/15/beyond-ai-human-machine-collaboration-for-the-advancement-of-humankind
Image: http://the100.ru/images/inventors/id1633/koleso-inventors-474.jpg

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
“I think in five to 10 years people
will still be using phones, but it will
be a much more connected world
where we’re doing a lot of talking to
devices and machines and [they
are doing] a lot of background
fulfilling of chores and tasks so that
our clients can really live their
lives.”
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Stacy Brown-Philpot
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THE FUTURE IS COMING
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
THE FUTURE IS HERE
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http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/26/us/pentagon-artificial-intelligence-terminator.html?
“Almost unnoticed outside defense circles, the Pentagon has put artificial intelligence at the center of its
strategy to maintain the United States’ position as the world’s dominant military power… FOCUS detects
(green) & tracks (purple) multiple people in complex environments during flight.”
- The Pentagon’s ‘Terminator Conundrum’: Robots That Could Kill on Their Own, The New York Times
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
SHOULD WE CARE?
15
Text: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/ai-powered-customer-service-needs-the-human-touch_us_58b88046e4b0ffd61787bd3d
Image: https://www.forrester.com/report/TechRadar+Artificial+Intelligence+Technologies+Q1+2017/-/E-RES129161?utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=research_social&utm_content=research_curran
“Today, 38% of enterprises are already
using artificial intelligence (AI), growing
to 62% by 2018. Forrester is predicting a
300% increase in AI investments in 2017
compared to 2016 and IDC believes AI
will be a $47 billion market by 2020
By 2025 while 16% of US jobs will be
replaced, the equivalent of 9% jobs will
be created. These new jobs will include
robot monitoring professionals, data
scientists, automation specialists, and
content curators.”
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
SHOULD WE CARE?
16
Text: http://fortune.com/ai-artificial-intelligence-deep-machine-learning , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21EiKfQYZXc
Image: https://spark-summit.org/2016/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2016/04/Andrew-Ng.jpg
“AI is the new electricity,…it transformed industries:
agriculture, transportation, communication,
manufacturing. I think we are now in that phase where
AI technology has advanced to the point where we
see a clear path for it to transform multiple industries.”
“In the past a lot of S&P 500 CEOs wished they had
started thinking sooner than they did about their
Internet strategy. I think five years from now there will
be a number of S&P 500 CEOs that will wish they’d
started thinking earlier about their AI strategy…“
- Andrew Ng, Chief scientist at Baidu Research

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AND WHAT ABOUT AI FOR US?
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Text: http://blogs.gartner.com/michael_maoz/2016/12/21/ai-without-empathy-leaves-the-enterprise-with-artificial-indifference
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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 18
FOUR YEARS AGO I SAID…
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 19
“DIGITAL & PHYSICAL ARE
COLLIDING…”
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WELL, THE COLLISION HAS HAPPENED
20

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OH SH*T
8 21
https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/558682281619906561
Referencing: Tim Urban; http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/artificial-intelligence-revolution-1.html
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
NOW WHAT?
22
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
8 PILLARS FOR DESIGNING FOR HUMANS
1. FOCUS ON HUMANS
2. GO BEYOND GIMMICKS
3. THINK ABOUT SERVICES
4. GET OFF YOUR BUTT
5. TELL THE STORY
6. DON’T FORGET ETHICS
7. STAY FLEXIBLE
8. REMEMBER THE BIG PICTURE
23
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 24
1. FOCUS ON HUMANS
“You've got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology - not
the other way around.” – Steve Jobs
http://www.todayifoundout.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/crowd.jpg

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 8
WHAT CAN AI DO FOR US?
25
http://www.oxml.co.uk/publications/2016-Assael_Shillingford_LipNet.pdf
Image: http://factor-tech.com/robotics/24758-artificial-intelligence-is-now-being-used-to-read-peoples-lips
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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
LEVERAGE AI FOR HUMANS
26
“The cameras on the
headset send images to the
pocket computer where
machine learning algorithms
translate the information
into real time audible
descriptions. From
navigating to reading texts
and recognizing faces,
Horus gets smarter with
use.”
- Springwise
Text: https://www.springwise.com/wearable-reads-navigates-recognizes-faces-blind-people
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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
IS IT AUTOMATION?
27
Image: http://www.innovationtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Robot-Integration.jpg
Text: http://www.businessinsider.com/stephen-hawking-ai-automation-middle-class-jobs-most-dangerous-moment-humanity-2016-12
"The automation of factories has already decimated jobs in traditional manufacturing, and the rise of
artificial intelligence is likely to extend this job destruction deep into the middle classes, with only the most
caring, creative or supervisory roles remaining.” - Stephen Hawking
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
OR AUGMENTATION?
28
Image: hhttp://www.inkjetforumindia.com/admin/uploads/1414757130-Baxter2%2072%20dpi.jpg
Text: http://blogs.wsj.com/cio/2016/01/07/automation-is-so-yesterday
“But many human jobs will persist
because smart leaders will realize
that augmentation—combining
smart humans with smart
machines—is a better strategy
than automation. Organizations
that care about innovation, agile
response to change, and high-
quality customer service will
realize the value that humans
bring to such essential attributes
of contemporary business.”
- Thomas H. Davenport, The Wall
Street Journal

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
2. GO BEYOND GIMMICKS
29
https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2015/aug/14/japan-henn-na-hotel-staffed-by-robots
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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
BETTER?
30
Text: https://techcrunch.com/2014/08/13/starwood-introduces-robotic-butlers-at-aloft-hotel-in-palo-alto/
Image: https://www.wired.com/2014/08/meet-the-company-designing-robot-bellhops-for-hotels/,
“The robotic butlers, built by Savioke, are able to perform tasks in the front of the house and the back of
the house, as well as navigate around guests and use elevators…The Botlrs [deliver] amenities to guest
rooms in lieu of actual humans, ‘freeing up existing talent’s time and allowing them to create a more
personalized experience for guests.’”
- Techcrunch
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
SIMPLE BUT USEFUL
31
Ava: https://www.yahoo.com/tech/foodie-startup-uses-ai-image-204013320.html
“We’re using artificial intelligence to assist nutritionists in estimating calories as well as making
recommendations, factoring in historical eating habits, diet patterns, location and behavioral analysis against
a database of roughly 50,000 meals.” - Healthy Eating Start up AVA
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
PROCESS IMPROVEMENTS
32
Image:& Text: http://www.theverge.com/2016/10/24/13379466/ai-judge-european-human-rights-court-prediction
More detail: https://peerj.com/articles/cs-93/#p-49
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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
3. THINK ABOUT SERVICES
33
Image:& Text: http://www.theverge.com/2016/10/24/13379466/ai-judge-european-human-rights-court-prediction
“We are working hard to build a service that everyone, everywhere can use, whether they are a person, a
company, a president or an organisation working for change." - Mark Zuckerberg
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
https://www.bostoninteractive.com/blog/marketing/i-see-what-youre-saying-introduction-visual-listening
34
VISUAL LISTENING FOR ENTERPRISES
“Tools can actually scan
the billions of photos
online and detect when
and where your logo
appears. [It] far surpasses
social listening because
the tool doesn’t require the
customer to explicitly
mention your brand - they
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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
Image: https://chatbotsmagazine.com/shopping-in-messengers-may-2016
Text: http://www.topbots.com/project/hm-kik-bot-review/
35
PROVIDING HELP FOR END
CONSUMERS
“Whether consumers
are looking for outfit
inspiration or are
debating trying out a
new style, they can
browse potential options
by chatting with H&M on
Kik as if they had a
personal stylist at their
fingertips.”
- Chatbots Magazine
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
Text: https://www.springwise.com/chinese-chatbot-uses-ai-provide-medical-diagnosis; http://research.baidu.com/baidus-melody-ai-powered-conversational-bot-doctors-patients/
Image: http://venturebeat.com/2016/10/11/baidu-launches-medical-assistant-chatbot-to-help-doctors-collect-patient-information
36
EASING INTERACTIONS FOR CITIZENS
“With Melody, our goal is to provide
patients with an online experience that is
close to a human conversation. We believe
this natural type of interaction will help
patients feel more comfortable with their
doctors and result in a more beneficial
patient-doctor relationship.
As Melody has more conversations, it will
also learn and keep getting better…This is
just the start of a much larger, AI-driven
transformation of the healthcare industry.”
- Baidu Research

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iauxcross channel
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
OR JUST PROVIDING ENTERTAINMENT
37
“Alexa, put on your red shoes and dance with me.” http://rollingstoneaus.com/assets/Uploads/1401x788-GettyImages-72942358.jpg
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
4. GET OFF YOUR BUTT
38
http://www.flickr.com/photos/xian/3763798434
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
http://www.digitaltrends.com/home/samsung-family-hub-refrigerator-hands-on
39
HOW DO YOU USE YOUR FRIDGE?
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
http://cdn3.vox-cdn.com/assets/4517975/Google_Self-Driving_Prototype__1_.jpg
40
WHAT DO YOU NEED FROM TRANSPORTATION?

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1450781303/bonjour-smart-alarm-clock-with-artificial-intellig, https://www.getvi.com, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/partnership-future-how-humans-ai-can-work-together-solve-nadella, http://www.cataliahealth.com/how-it-works, http://www.bernie.ai, http://www.neimanmarcus.com/NM/SnapFindShop
41
WHAT CAN IMPROVE MY DAY TO DAY?
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
5. TELL THE STORY
41
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
CLOSE YOUR EYES…
43
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
It is Tuesday morning. You have been awakened by an alarm that you don't have to set. It has learned that you like to
do a hard workout once a week and gauges via your calendar, your REM output and the absence of a wine fueled
dinner out last night that today is a good day. You are awakened a few minutes earlier than usual with a brand new
song that meets your favorite hard work out tempo to get you in the mood. Your coffee and protein shake have been
made and are waiting for you.
Your outfit for the day of work is at the front of your closet (think hointer robots vs. a personal anthropomorphic robot
since I personally still think they are creepy), selected because you have a meeting with your bosses boss that day.
Your closet has learned that n these meetings you want to impress and need to feel confident.
While you are sweating in the gym (skipping the trainer today since your connected gym clothes know when you are
working out in your target zone and with proper form), it has started to rain, so your gym shirt buzzes to end your
workout a bit early because the commute will be a nightmare. Hence your Via has been ordered a few minutes early,
already routed to your bosses bosses building vs. your usual space.
Ah, sounds nice, right? And that's just the first 2 hours of your day.
44
IMAGINE…

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 45
“Trying to prognosticate is a very dangerous business. It’s good for people who are on the speaking circuit,
but there isn’t any evidence that anyone is any good at it.”
- Astro Teller, Google Alphabet’s Innovation Lab Text: http://www.theverge.com/a/verge-2021/google-x-astro-teller-interview-drones-innovation
Image: http://www.reddirtreport.com/sites/default/files/articles/2016/10/images/CrystalBall2.jpg
(CAVEAT)
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
MAP THE TOUCHPOINTS & JOURNEY
46
Work from Allan Kempson for REI & Ralph Lauren
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
VISUAL IS HELPFUL
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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
TRY CO-CREATION
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6. DON’T FORGET ETHICS
49
http://www.auburn.edu/~vestmon/robotics.htmll, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/partnership-future-how-humans-ai-can-work-together-solve-nadella
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/02/technology/new-research-center-to-explore-ethics-of-artificial-intelligence.html
https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/whitehouse_files/microsites/ostp/NSTC/preparing_for_the_future_of_ai.pdf
“First, robots should never harm a human being through action
or inaction. Second, they must obey human orders. Third, they
must protect themselves. Each law cannot conflict with the
other.” - Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics
“The [Carnegie Mellon] ethics center, called the K&L
Gates Endowment for Ethics and Computational
Technologies, is being established at a time of growing
international concern about the impact of A.I.
technologies.”
- The New York Times
“In September…Amazon, Facebook, Google, IBM and
Microsoft created a partnership to help establish ethical
guidelines for the design and deployment of A.I. systems.”
- The New York Times
“Recommendation 1: Private and public institutions are encouraged to examine whether and how they can responsibly
leverage AI and machine learning in ways that will benefit society.”
- Executive Office of the United States President, National Science and Technology Council Committee on Technology
“A.I. must maximize efficiencies without destroying the dignity of people: It should preserve
cultural commitments, empowering diversity. We need broader, deeper, and more diverse
engagement of populations in the design of these systems. The tech industry should not
dictate the values and virtues of this future.”
- Satya Nadella, Microsoft CEO
“What we’d like to see is a trusted third party,
perhaps a regulatory or supervisory body, that
would have the power to scrutinise and audit
algorithms, so they could go in and see whether the
system is actually transparent and fair.”
- Research team at the Alan Turing Institute in
London and the University of Oxford via The
Guardian
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
AI LEARNS FROM US
50
Image: https://www.wnyc.org/story/deep-learning-racism, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/mar/24/tay-microsofts-ai-chatbot-gets-a-crash-course-in-racism-from-twitter
Text: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/apr/13/ai-programs-exhibit-racist-and-sexist-biases-research-reveals
“A lot of people are saying this is showing that AI is prejudiced. No. This is showing we’re prejudiced and
that AI is learning it.” - Joanna Bryson, University of Bath
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
WATCHES US…
51
Image: http://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/villains/images/6/62/Big-brother-poster1.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20151204074018,
http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/wm/live/1600_900/images/live/p0/4w/43/p04w43qv.jpg via Getty Images
Text: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170307-the-ethical-challenge-facing-artificial-intelligence
“Using sensor data to track how individuals live their values would provide insights that could inspire
increased wellbeing via more purpose-driven lives. This is the process humanity needs to pursue with
rigour to ensure we’re building agents who align with our goals versus opting to prioritise their own.”
- John C. Havens, The Guardian
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
IT’S OUR RESPONSIBILITY
52
https://bgr.com/2017/04/15/ai-biases-racism-sexism/
Full study: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6334/183.full
Image: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/04/even-artificial-intelligence-can-acquire-biases-against-race-and-gender
“Not only does training an
artificial brain create biases, but
those leanings reinforce many
societal issues regarding race
and gender that plague
humanity today…The trained AI
had a habit of
associating typically caucasian-
sounding names with other
things that it considered to be
“pleasant,” rather than African-
American names. The AI also
shied away from pairing female
pronouns with mathematics, and
instead often associated them
with artistic terms.”

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TO ENSURE THE ETHICS OF AI - FOR
HUMANS
53
http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170307-the-ethical-challenge-facing-artificial-intelligence
“There is increasing desire by regulators, civil society, and social theorists to see these technologies be fair
and ethical, but these concepts are fuzzy at best.”
- Danah Boyd, Microsoft Research
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
7. STAY FLEXIBLE
54
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/26/fashion/tao-porchon-lynch-oldest-living-yoga-celebrity.html
Text: https://www.accenture.com/t20170321T032507__w__/us-en/_acnmedia/Accenture/next-gen-4/tech-vision-2017/pdf/Accenture-TV17-Full.pdf#view=FitH
“As we look toward a future
where quantum computing’s
near-unlimited processing
and algorithmic power will
solve difficult problems in
entirely new ways across
multiple industries, to robots
and AI that will work side by
side with people in every
discipline, we are reshaping
our entire world and
ourselves within it.”
- Accenture
55
http://weheartit.com/entry/19106728, http://cdn.farmersalmanac.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/tornado-2006-420x240.jpg
Text: https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelkanellos/2016/03/03/152000-smart-devices-every-minute-in-2025-idc-outlines-the-future-of-smart-things
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/43015182/ns/technology_and_science-innovation/t/reasons-will-be-awesome-year, https://www.gartner.com/imagesrv/summits/docs/na/customer-360/C360_2011_brochure_FINAL.pdf
IT’S ALL CHANGING…
By 2025, a $1,000 computer will have the processing power of the human brain; 80 billion devices will be
connected to the Internet; we will manage 85% of the relationship with an enterprise without interacting with
a human. AND MUCH MORE…
Samantha Starmer – AI and Machine Learning15/6/2017
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
IT’S NOT ABOUT THE SCREENS
56
http://wallpapercave.com/wp/W3gW73i.jpg, http://www.old-computers.com/museum/photos/sirius_victor-s1_1.jpg, http://masterherald.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/apple-macbook.jpg, https://www.wired.com/images_blogs/gadgetlab/2014/01/20140124-GOOGLE-GLASS-FRAMES-0018.jpg, http://opticsgamer.com/virtual-reality-gaming-future, https://stratechery.com/2016/snapchat-spectacles-and-the-future-of-wearables/
Text: https://newsroom.accenture.com/news/accenture-technology-vision-2017-forecasts-a-future-of-technology-for-people-by-people.htm
pinning the way we transact and interact with systems…As AI takes over more of the user experience, it grow

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57
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/lessons-learnt-from-banking-better-user-experience-jensen-https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/lessons-learnt-from-banking-better-user-experience-jensen-loke
Text: http://scottberkun.com/2011/thinking-in-desire-paths/
“There’s an old concept among architects and urban planners called desire paths. If you walk around a college campus,
or urban park, it’s easy to spot the well tread paths between buildings people have made for themselves. …The natural
behavior among people shows you where the optimal path should be."
- Scott Berkun, Author
REMEMBER DESIRE PATHS
Samantha Starmer – Preparing for Distributed Commerce2/5/2017
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
8. REMEMBER THE BIG PICTURE
58
http://naturalhistory.si.edu/exhibits/evolving-universe/full/gal.jpg
Text: The Inevitable: Understanding the 12 Technological Forces that will Shape Our Future
“we’ve been redefining
what it means to be
human…As we invent
more species of AI, we will
be forced to surrender
more of what is
supposedly unique about
humans...The greatest
benefit of the arrival of
artificial intelligence is that
AIs will help define
humanity. We need AIs to
tell us who we are.”
― Kevin Kelly
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 59
THIS WILL CHANGE RETAIL
“This is unprecedented… No one out there is using this AI Watson technology with natural language question-
and-answer with the consumer…We think this is game-changing.” - Cal Bouchard, The North Face
http://venturebeat.com/2016/03/04/the-north-face-to-launch-insanely-smart-watson-powered-shopping-app-next-month
http://thenorthface/xps
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
THIS WILL CHANGE ENTERTAINMENT
60
Image: http://blogs.voanews.com/techtonics/2016/06/02/musk-were-probably-living-in-a-video-game-the-future-with-ai
Text: https://www.wired.com/2016/04/magic-leap-vr, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/oct/12/video-game-characters-emotional-ai-developers
“The recurring discovery I made in each virtual
world I entered was that although every one of
these environments was fake, the experiences I had
in them were genuine…People remember [these]
experiences not as a memory of something they
saw but as something that happened to them.”
- Kevin Kelly, Wired
“AI powered by a neural network could revolutionize
the way player avatars animate realistically through
complicated game environments in real
time….developers are beginning to think about the
possibilities of non-player characters (NPCs) who
could think and act in a more complex and human
way” - The Guardian

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
“Medical startups claim
they’ll soon be able to use
computers to read X-rays,
MRIs, and CT scans more
rapidly and accurately than
radiologists, to diagnose
cancer earlier and less
invasively, and to accelerate
the search for life-saving
pharmaceuticals.”
- Roger Parloff, Fortune
Text: http://fortune.com/ai-artificial-intelligence-deep-machine-learning
Image: https://eastpennfoot.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/navicular-bone-fracture.jpg
61
THIS WILL CHANGE MEDICINE
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
Text: http://www.theverge.com/2016/4/25/11492102/bill-gates-interview-education-software-artificial-intelligence
http://www.gladwinanalytics.com/blog/sesame-street-ibm-watson-personalized-learning
62
THIS WILL CHANGE EDUCATION
“[With an AI tutor,] I can engage in a dialogue.
The idea that you could talk to a [virtual] advisor
that would understand different misconceptions
and arbitrary linguistics around it, that’ll
certainly come in the next decade...the beauty
of this is it could be completely free.” - Bill
Gates
“Sesame Workshop, the nonprofit educational
organization that produces “Sesame Street,”
recently announced a collaboration to use IBM
Watson's cognitive computing technology” -
Sesame Workshop
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
Text: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/rob-magazine/the-future-is-smart/article24586994/#cities, Image: http://specials-images.forbesimg.com/imageserve/443694427/960x0.jpg?fit=scale
63
THIS WILL CHANGE CITIES
“Stoplights with embedded video sensors can
adjust their greens and reds according to where
the cars are and the time of day.
In Barcelona's Born Market, sensors embedded
into parking spaces relay real-time information
on empty spots to an app for would-be parkers.
Tel Aviv is tackling traffic on busier roadways by
reserving one lane for buses, shuttles, taxis and
car poolers.
Smart LED streetlights in San Diego turn on
only when a pedestrian or vehicle approaches.”
And MUCH MORE to come…
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
THIS WILL CHANGE WAR
64
“Of the 2.5 million Americans who
served in Iraq and Afghanistan,
300,000 of them came home with
traumatic brain injury. DARPA
initiated a series of programs to help
cognitive functioning, to repair some
of this damage. And those programs
center around putting brain chips
inside the tissue of the brain. Since
the 1950s, the Pentagon has been
pursuing artificial intelligence.”
- Annie Jacobson, NPR
Text: http://fusion.net/story/204316/darpa-is-implanting-chips-in-soldiers-brains
Image: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2321081/Scientists-hope-implant-microchips-generate-memories-human-brains-2-years.html

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Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
Text: https://ai100.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/ai_100_report_0831fnl.pdf
65
THIS WILL CHANGE THE WORLD
“And while the potential to abuse AI technologies must be acknowledged and addressed,
their greater potential is, among other things, to make driving safer, help children learn,
and extend and enhance people’s lives. In fact, beneficial AI applications in schools,
homes, and hospitals are already growing at an accelerated pace.”
- Stanford’s One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
8 PILLARS FOR DESIGNING AI
EXPERIENCES
66
1. FOCUS ON HUMANS
2. GO BEYOND GIMMICKS
3. THINK ABOUT SERVICES
4. GET OFF YOUR BUTT
5. TELL THE STORY
6. DON’T FORGET ETHICS
7. STAY FLEXIBLE
8. REMEMBER THE BIG PICTURE
Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017
THANK YOU
67
http://www.flickr.com/photos/baking_in_pearls/3960662314
starmer@gmail.com, @samanthastarmer

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Designing AI for Humans

  • 1. Designing AI For Humans AI and Machine Learning World Samantha Starmer 15 June, 2017
  • 2. Samantha Starmer – AI and Machine Learning World WHO AM I? 15/6/2017 2 Formerly VP Global Digital Experiences, Ralph Lauren Also Razorfish, REI, Microsoft, Amazon I’m passionate about creating GREAT customer experiences, regardless of screen or device; online or offline.
  • 3. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 IS THIS AI? 3 http://vodzilla.co/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/westworld-brynner.jpg
  • 4. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 IS THIS AI? 4 Image: http://i.lv3.hbo.com/assets/images/series/westworld/episodes/media-blast/160819-westworld-s1-blast-07-1280.jpg Tim Urban essay: http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/artificial-intelligence-revolution-1.html
  • 5. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 IS THIS AI? 5 https://www.pinterest.com/alexsandranina/os-jetsons
  • 6. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 IS THIS AI? 6 http://worldversus.com/img/terminator.jpg
  • 7. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 7 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAL_9000 HAL, IS THIS AI?
  • 8. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 BETTER? 8 “Artificial intelligence is the branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans” “The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.” “Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence exhibited by machines.” http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/artificial_intelligence.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artificial%20intelligence https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/artificial_intelligence “1: a branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers 2: the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior”
  • 9. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 SHOULD WE BE SCARED? 9 Text: http://www2.itif.org Image: http://www2.itif.org/2016-myths-full.jpg “When it comes to artificial intelligence, myths are spreading faster than the technology itself is advancing. Left unchecked, these myths could inspire fears that undermine the technology’s progress, which would be to the detriment of economic growth and social progress.” - Information Technology & Innovation Foundation
  • 10. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 HELP THE HUMAN 10 Text: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ibm/2016/08/15/beyond-ai-human-machine-collaboration-for-the-advancement-of-humankind Image: http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35810133 “…cognitive systems such as IBM Watson are specifically designed to augment human intelligence, and to work side-by-side with human experts as tools for enhanced decision-making.” - Christopher A. Padilla, IBM
  • 11. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 PLEASE HELP THE HUMAN! 11 “The sheer volume of data being generated by the world is creating a form of cognitive overload for professionals and consumers alike, and [AI] systems excel at harnessing and making that data useful.” - Christopher A. Padilla, IBM Text: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ibm/2016/08/15/beyond-ai-human-machine-collaboration-for-the-advancement-of-humankind Image: http://raconteur.net/public/img/articles/2012/06/Computers-are-smarter-than-lawyers-2-760x428.jpg
  • 12. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 (WE’RE USED TO IT) 12 “In this new world of cognitive computing, humans and machines work better together than individually…every transformative tool that humans have created — from the wheel to the steam engine or the microprocessor — has augmented human capabilities.” - Christopher A. Padilla, IBM Text: http://www.forbes.com/sites/ibm/2016/08/15/beyond-ai-human-machine-collaboration-for-the-advancement-of-humankind Image: http://the100.ru/images/inventors/id1633/koleso-inventors-474.jpg
  • 13. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 “I think in five to 10 years people will still be using phones, but it will be a much more connected world where we’re doing a lot of talking to devices and machines and [they are doing] a lot of background fulfilling of chores and tasks so that our clients can really live their lives.” - TaskRabbit CEO Stacy Brown-Philpot Text: http://www.theverge.com/a/verge-2021/stacy-brown-philpot-taskrabbit-ceo-interview-ai-gig-economy Image: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/sites/gsb/files/photo-oss-philpot-stacy.jpg 13 THE FUTURE IS COMING
  • 14. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 THE FUTURE IS HERE 14 http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/26/us/pentagon-artificial-intelligence-terminator.html? “Almost unnoticed outside defense circles, the Pentagon has put artificial intelligence at the center of its strategy to maintain the United States’ position as the world’s dominant military power… FOCUS detects (green) & tracks (purple) multiple people in complex environments during flight.” - The Pentagon’s ‘Terminator Conundrum’: Robots That Could Kill on Their Own, The New York Times
  • 15. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 SHOULD WE CARE? 15 Text: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/ai-powered-customer-service-needs-the-human-touch_us_58b88046e4b0ffd61787bd3d Image: https://www.forrester.com/report/TechRadar+Artificial+Intelligence+Technologies+Q1+2017/-/E-RES129161?utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=research_social&utm_content=research_curran “Today, 38% of enterprises are already using artificial intelligence (AI), growing to 62% by 2018. Forrester is predicting a 300% increase in AI investments in 2017 compared to 2016 and IDC believes AI will be a $47 billion market by 2020 By 2025 while 16% of US jobs will be replaced, the equivalent of 9% jobs will be created. These new jobs will include robot monitoring professionals, data scientists, automation specialists, and content curators.”
  • 16. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 SHOULD WE CARE? 16 Text: http://fortune.com/ai-artificial-intelligence-deep-machine-learning , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21EiKfQYZXc Image: https://spark-summit.org/2016/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/2016/04/Andrew-Ng.jpg “AI is the new electricity,…it transformed industries: agriculture, transportation, communication, manufacturing. I think we are now in that phase where AI technology has advanced to the point where we see a clear path for it to transform multiple industries.” “In the past a lot of S&P 500 CEOs wished they had started thinking sooner than they did about their Internet strategy. I think five years from now there will be a number of S&P 500 CEOs that will wish they’d started thinking earlier about their AI strategy…“ - Andrew Ng, Chief scientist at Baidu Research
  • 17. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 AND WHAT ABOUT AI FOR US? 17 Text: http://blogs.gartner.com/michael_maoz/2016/12/21/ai-without-empathy-leaves-the-enterprise-with-artificial-indifference Image: http://www.masantefacile.com/le-mag-japon-ours-robot-costaud-deplacer-patients-invalides.php “More costs could be taken out, more products could be sold, more customers could be made happy, with a minimum of AI and a maximum of common sense and excellent focus on end- to-end process design…AI and empathetic process design are a great pair.” – Michael Moaz, Gartner AI without Empathy Leaves the Enterprise with Artificial Indifference
  • 18. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 18 FOUR YEARS AGO I SAID…
  • 19. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 19 “DIGITAL & PHYSICAL ARE COLLIDING…”
  • 20. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 WELL, THE COLLISION HAS HAPPENED 20
  • 21. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 OH SH*T 8 21 https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/558682281619906561 Referencing: Tim Urban; http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/artificial-intelligence-revolution-1.html
  • 22. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 NOW WHAT? 22
  • 23. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 8 PILLARS FOR DESIGNING FOR HUMANS 1. FOCUS ON HUMANS 2. GO BEYOND GIMMICKS 3. THINK ABOUT SERVICES 4. GET OFF YOUR BUTT 5. TELL THE STORY 6. DON’T FORGET ETHICS 7. STAY FLEXIBLE 8. REMEMBER THE BIG PICTURE 23
  • 24. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 24 1. FOCUS ON HUMANS “You've got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology - not the other way around.” – Steve Jobs http://www.todayifoundout.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/crowd.jpg
  • 25. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 8 WHAT CAN AI DO FOR US? 25 http://www.oxml.co.uk/publications/2016-Assael_Shillingford_LipNet.pdf Image: http://factor-tech.com/robotics/24758-artificial-intelligence-is-now-being-used-to-read-peoples-lips The University of Oxford with funding from Alphabet’s DeepMind has developed the AI system LipNet. It watches video of a person speaking and matches text to the movement of their mouth. Humans had an average error rate of 47.7%, while the AI’s was just 6.6%. Plus, it continually learns and improves.
  • 26. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 LEVERAGE AI FOR HUMANS 26 “The cameras on the headset send images to the pocket computer where machine learning algorithms translate the information into real time audible descriptions. From navigating to reading texts and recognizing faces, Horus gets smarter with use.” - Springwise Text: https://www.springwise.com/wearable-reads-navigates-recognizes-faces-blind-people Image: https://horus.tech/?l=en_us
  • 27. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 IS IT AUTOMATION? 27 Image: http://www.innovationtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Robot-Integration.jpg Text: http://www.businessinsider.com/stephen-hawking-ai-automation-middle-class-jobs-most-dangerous-moment-humanity-2016-12 "The automation of factories has already decimated jobs in traditional manufacturing, and the rise of artificial intelligence is likely to extend this job destruction deep into the middle classes, with only the most caring, creative or supervisory roles remaining.” - Stephen Hawking
  • 28. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 OR AUGMENTATION? 28 Image: hhttp://www.inkjetforumindia.com/admin/uploads/1414757130-Baxter2%2072%20dpi.jpg Text: http://blogs.wsj.com/cio/2016/01/07/automation-is-so-yesterday “But many human jobs will persist because smart leaders will realize that augmentation—combining smart humans with smart machines—is a better strategy than automation. Organizations that care about innovation, agile response to change, and high- quality customer service will realize the value that humans bring to such essential attributes of contemporary business.” - Thomas H. Davenport, The Wall Street Journal
  • 29. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 2. GO BEYOND GIMMICKS 29 https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2015/aug/14/japan-henn-na-hotel-staffed-by-robots “At 3pm the velociraptor jerks to life and says, in an American accent, “Welcome to the Henn-na hotel. If you want to check in, press one.” I start tapping the screen but the man in black appears again and asks for my passport, leaving the robot to fall into a state of inertia. How disappointing.” - Monisha Rajesh, The Guardian
  • 30. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 BETTER? 30 Text: https://techcrunch.com/2014/08/13/starwood-introduces-robotic-butlers-at-aloft-hotel-in-palo-alto/ Image: https://www.wired.com/2014/08/meet-the-company-designing-robot-bellhops-for-hotels/, “The robotic butlers, built by Savioke, are able to perform tasks in the front of the house and the back of the house, as well as navigate around guests and use elevators…The Botlrs [deliver] amenities to guest rooms in lieu of actual humans, ‘freeing up existing talent’s time and allowing them to create a more personalized experience for guests.’” - Techcrunch
  • 31. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 SIMPLE BUT USEFUL 31 Ava: https://www.yahoo.com/tech/foodie-startup-uses-ai-image-204013320.html “We’re using artificial intelligence to assist nutritionists in estimating calories as well as making recommendations, factoring in historical eating habits, diet patterns, location and behavioral analysis against a database of roughly 50,000 meals.” - Healthy Eating Start up AVA
  • 32. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 PROCESS IMPROVEMENTS 32 Image:& Text: http://www.theverge.com/2016/10/24/13379466/ai-judge-european-human-rights-court-prediction More detail: https://peerj.com/articles/cs-93/#p-49 An AI program is capable of predicting the outcome of human rights trials with 79 percent accuracy. Its creators stress that they don’t think AI will be able to replace human judgment, but could be useful in prioritizing court cases.
  • 33. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 3. THINK ABOUT SERVICES 33 Image:& Text: http://www.theverge.com/2016/10/24/13379466/ai-judge-european-human-rights-court-prediction “We are working hard to build a service that everyone, everywhere can use, whether they are a person, a company, a president or an organisation working for change." - Mark Zuckerberg
  • 34. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 https://www.bostoninteractive.com/blog/marketing/i-see-what-youre-saying-introduction-visual-listening 34 VISUAL LISTENING FOR ENTERPRISES “Tools can actually scan the billions of photos online and detect when and where your logo appears. [It] far surpasses social listening because the tool doesn’t require the customer to explicitly mention your brand - they just need to snap a photo of it.” - Boston Interactive and software Ditto
  • 35. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 Image: https://chatbotsmagazine.com/shopping-in-messengers-may-2016 Text: http://www.topbots.com/project/hm-kik-bot-review/ 35 PROVIDING HELP FOR END CONSUMERS “Whether consumers are looking for outfit inspiration or are debating trying out a new style, they can browse potential options by chatting with H&M on Kik as if they had a personal stylist at their fingertips.” - Chatbots Magazine
  • 36. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 Text: https://www.springwise.com/chinese-chatbot-uses-ai-provide-medical-diagnosis; http://research.baidu.com/baidus-melody-ai-powered-conversational-bot-doctors-patients/ Image: http://venturebeat.com/2016/10/11/baidu-launches-medical-assistant-chatbot-to-help-doctors-collect-patient-information 36 EASING INTERACTIONS FOR CITIZENS “With Melody, our goal is to provide patients with an online experience that is close to a human conversation. We believe this natural type of interaction will help patients feel more comfortable with their doctors and result in a more beneficial patient-doctor relationship. As Melody has more conversations, it will also learn and keep getting better…This is just the start of a much larger, AI-driven transformation of the healthcare industry.” - Baidu Research
  • 37. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 OR JUST PROVIDING ENTERTAINMENT 37 “Alexa, put on your red shoes and dance with me.” http://rollingstoneaus.com/assets/Uploads/1401x788-GettyImages-72942358.jpg
  • 38. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 4. GET OFF YOUR BUTT 38 http://www.flickr.com/photos/xian/3763798434
  • 39. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 http://www.digitaltrends.com/home/samsung-family-hub-refrigerator-hands-on 39 HOW DO YOU USE YOUR FRIDGE?
  • 40. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 http://cdn3.vox-cdn.com/assets/4517975/Google_Self-Driving_Prototype__1_.jpg 40 WHAT DO YOU NEED FROM TRANSPORTATION?
  • 41. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1450781303/bonjour-smart-alarm-clock-with-artificial-intellig, https://www.getvi.com, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/partnership-future-how-humans-ai-can-work-together-solve-nadella, http://www.cataliahealth.com/how-it-works, http://www.bernie.ai, http://www.neimanmarcus.com/NM/SnapFindShop 41 WHAT CAN IMPROVE MY DAY TO DAY?
  • 42. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 5. TELL THE STORY 41
  • 43. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 CLOSE YOUR EYES… 43
  • 44. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 It is Tuesday morning. You have been awakened by an alarm that you don't have to set. It has learned that you like to do a hard workout once a week and gauges via your calendar, your REM output and the absence of a wine fueled dinner out last night that today is a good day. You are awakened a few minutes earlier than usual with a brand new song that meets your favorite hard work out tempo to get you in the mood. Your coffee and protein shake have been made and are waiting for you. Your outfit for the day of work is at the front of your closet (think hointer robots vs. a personal anthropomorphic robot since I personally still think they are creepy), selected because you have a meeting with your bosses boss that day. Your closet has learned that n these meetings you want to impress and need to feel confident. While you are sweating in the gym (skipping the trainer today since your connected gym clothes know when you are working out in your target zone and with proper form), it has started to rain, so your gym shirt buzzes to end your workout a bit early because the commute will be a nightmare. Hence your Via has been ordered a few minutes early, already routed to your bosses bosses building vs. your usual space. Ah, sounds nice, right? And that's just the first 2 hours of your day. 44 IMAGINE…
  • 45. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 45 “Trying to prognosticate is a very dangerous business. It’s good for people who are on the speaking circuit, but there isn’t any evidence that anyone is any good at it.” - Astro Teller, Google Alphabet’s Innovation Lab Text: http://www.theverge.com/a/verge-2021/google-x-astro-teller-interview-drones-innovation Image: http://www.reddirtreport.com/sites/default/files/articles/2016/10/images/CrystalBall2.jpg (CAVEAT)
  • 46. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 MAP THE TOUCHPOINTS & JOURNEY 46 Work from Allan Kempson for REI & Ralph Lauren
  • 47. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 VISUAL IS HELPFUL 47
  • 48. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 TRY CO-CREATION 48
  • 49. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 6. DON’T FORGET ETHICS 49 http://www.auburn.edu/~vestmon/robotics.htmll, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/partnership-future-how-humans-ai-can-work-together-solve-nadella http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/02/technology/new-research-center-to-explore-ethics-of-artificial-intelligence.html https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/whitehouse_files/microsites/ostp/NSTC/preparing_for_the_future_of_ai.pdf “First, robots should never harm a human being through action or inaction. Second, they must obey human orders. Third, they must protect themselves. Each law cannot conflict with the other.” - Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics “The [Carnegie Mellon] ethics center, called the K&L Gates Endowment for Ethics and Computational Technologies, is being established at a time of growing international concern about the impact of A.I. technologies.” - The New York Times “In September…Amazon, Facebook, Google, IBM and Microsoft created a partnership to help establish ethical guidelines for the design and deployment of A.I. systems.” - The New York Times “Recommendation 1: Private and public institutions are encouraged to examine whether and how they can responsibly leverage AI and machine learning in ways that will benefit society.” - Executive Office of the United States President, National Science and Technology Council Committee on Technology “A.I. must maximize efficiencies without destroying the dignity of people: It should preserve cultural commitments, empowering diversity. We need broader, deeper, and more diverse engagement of populations in the design of these systems. The tech industry should not dictate the values and virtues of this future.” - Satya Nadella, Microsoft CEO “What we’d like to see is a trusted third party, perhaps a regulatory or supervisory body, that would have the power to scrutinise and audit algorithms, so they could go in and see whether the system is actually transparent and fair.” - Research team at the Alan Turing Institute in London and the University of Oxford via The Guardian
  • 50. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 AI LEARNS FROM US 50 Image: https://www.wnyc.org/story/deep-learning-racism, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/mar/24/tay-microsofts-ai-chatbot-gets-a-crash-course-in-racism-from-twitter Text: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/apr/13/ai-programs-exhibit-racist-and-sexist-biases-research-reveals “A lot of people are saying this is showing that AI is prejudiced. No. This is showing we’re prejudiced and that AI is learning it.” - Joanna Bryson, University of Bath
  • 51. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 WATCHES US… 51 Image: http://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/villains/images/6/62/Big-brother-poster1.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20151204074018, http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/wm/live/1600_900/images/live/p0/4w/43/p04w43qv.jpg via Getty Images Text: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170307-the-ethical-challenge-facing-artificial-intelligence “Using sensor data to track how individuals live their values would provide insights that could inspire increased wellbeing via more purpose-driven lives. This is the process humanity needs to pursue with rigour to ensure we’re building agents who align with our goals versus opting to prioritise their own.” - John C. Havens, The Guardian
  • 52. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 IT’S OUR RESPONSIBILITY 52 https://bgr.com/2017/04/15/ai-biases-racism-sexism/ Full study: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6334/183.full Image: http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/04/even-artificial-intelligence-can-acquire-biases-against-race-and-gender “Not only does training an artificial brain create biases, but those leanings reinforce many societal issues regarding race and gender that plague humanity today…The trained AI had a habit of associating typically caucasian- sounding names with other things that it considered to be “pleasant,” rather than African- American names. The AI also shied away from pairing female pronouns with mathematics, and instead often associated them with artistic terms.”
  • 53. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 TO ENSURE THE ETHICS OF AI - FOR HUMANS 53 http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170307-the-ethical-challenge-facing-artificial-intelligence “There is increasing desire by regulators, civil society, and social theorists to see these technologies be fair and ethical, but these concepts are fuzzy at best.” - Danah Boyd, Microsoft Research
  • 54. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 7. STAY FLEXIBLE 54 http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/26/fashion/tao-porchon-lynch-oldest-living-yoga-celebrity.html Text: https://www.accenture.com/t20170321T032507__w__/us-en/_acnmedia/Accenture/next-gen-4/tech-vision-2017/pdf/Accenture-TV17-Full.pdf#view=FitH “As we look toward a future where quantum computing’s near-unlimited processing and algorithmic power will solve difficult problems in entirely new ways across multiple industries, to robots and AI that will work side by side with people in every discipline, we are reshaping our entire world and ourselves within it.” - Accenture
  • 55. 55 http://weheartit.com/entry/19106728, http://cdn.farmersalmanac.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/tornado-2006-420x240.jpg Text: https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelkanellos/2016/03/03/152000-smart-devices-every-minute-in-2025-idc-outlines-the-future-of-smart-things http://www.nbcnews.com/id/43015182/ns/technology_and_science-innovation/t/reasons-will-be-awesome-year, https://www.gartner.com/imagesrv/summits/docs/na/customer-360/C360_2011_brochure_FINAL.pdf IT’S ALL CHANGING… By 2025, a $1,000 computer will have the processing power of the human brain; 80 billion devices will be connected to the Internet; we will manage 85% of the relationship with an enterprise without interacting with a human. AND MUCH MORE… Samantha Starmer – AI and Machine Learning15/6/2017
  • 56. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 IT’S NOT ABOUT THE SCREENS 56 http://wallpapercave.com/wp/W3gW73i.jpg, http://www.old-computers.com/museum/photos/sirius_victor-s1_1.jpg, http://masterherald.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/apple-macbook.jpg, https://www.wired.com/images_blogs/gadgetlab/2014/01/20140124-GOOGLE-GLASS-FRAMES-0018.jpg, http://opticsgamer.com/virtual-reality-gaming-future, https://stratechery.com/2016/snapchat-spectacles-and-the-future-of-wearables/ Text: https://newsroom.accenture.com/news/accenture-technology-vision-2017-forecasts-a-future-of-technology-for-people-by-people.htm pinning the way we transact and interact with systems…As AI takes over more of the user experience, it grow
  • 57. 57 https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/lessons-learnt-from-banking-better-user-experience-jensen-https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/lessons-learnt-from-banking-better-user-experience-jensen-loke Text: http://scottberkun.com/2011/thinking-in-desire-paths/ “There’s an old concept among architects and urban planners called desire paths. If you walk around a college campus, or urban park, it’s easy to spot the well tread paths between buildings people have made for themselves. …The natural behavior among people shows you where the optimal path should be." - Scott Berkun, Author REMEMBER DESIRE PATHS Samantha Starmer – Preparing for Distributed Commerce2/5/2017
  • 58. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 8. REMEMBER THE BIG PICTURE 58 http://naturalhistory.si.edu/exhibits/evolving-universe/full/gal.jpg Text: The Inevitable: Understanding the 12 Technological Forces that will Shape Our Future “we’ve been redefining what it means to be human…As we invent more species of AI, we will be forced to surrender more of what is supposedly unique about humans...The greatest benefit of the arrival of artificial intelligence is that AIs will help define humanity. We need AIs to tell us who we are.” ― Kevin Kelly
  • 59. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 59 THIS WILL CHANGE RETAIL “This is unprecedented… No one out there is using this AI Watson technology with natural language question- and-answer with the consumer…We think this is game-changing.” - Cal Bouchard, The North Face http://venturebeat.com/2016/03/04/the-north-face-to-launch-insanely-smart-watson-powered-shopping-app-next-month http://thenorthface/xps
  • 60. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 THIS WILL CHANGE ENTERTAINMENT 60 Image: http://blogs.voanews.com/techtonics/2016/06/02/musk-were-probably-living-in-a-video-game-the-future-with-ai Text: https://www.wired.com/2016/04/magic-leap-vr, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/oct/12/video-game-characters-emotional-ai-developers “The recurring discovery I made in each virtual world I entered was that although every one of these environments was fake, the experiences I had in them were genuine…People remember [these] experiences not as a memory of something they saw but as something that happened to them.” - Kevin Kelly, Wired “AI powered by a neural network could revolutionize the way player avatars animate realistically through complicated game environments in real time….developers are beginning to think about the possibilities of non-player characters (NPCs) who could think and act in a more complex and human way” - The Guardian
  • 61. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 “Medical startups claim they’ll soon be able to use computers to read X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans more rapidly and accurately than radiologists, to diagnose cancer earlier and less invasively, and to accelerate the search for life-saving pharmaceuticals.” - Roger Parloff, Fortune Text: http://fortune.com/ai-artificial-intelligence-deep-machine-learning Image: https://eastpennfoot.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/navicular-bone-fracture.jpg 61 THIS WILL CHANGE MEDICINE
  • 62. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 Text: http://www.theverge.com/2016/4/25/11492102/bill-gates-interview-education-software-artificial-intelligence http://www.gladwinanalytics.com/blog/sesame-street-ibm-watson-personalized-learning 62 THIS WILL CHANGE EDUCATION “[With an AI tutor,] I can engage in a dialogue. The idea that you could talk to a [virtual] advisor that would understand different misconceptions and arbitrary linguistics around it, that’ll certainly come in the next decade...the beauty of this is it could be completely free.” - Bill Gates “Sesame Workshop, the nonprofit educational organization that produces “Sesame Street,” recently announced a collaboration to use IBM Watson's cognitive computing technology” - Sesame Workshop
  • 63. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 Text: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/rob-magazine/the-future-is-smart/article24586994/#cities, Image: http://specials-images.forbesimg.com/imageserve/443694427/960x0.jpg?fit=scale 63 THIS WILL CHANGE CITIES “Stoplights with embedded video sensors can adjust their greens and reds according to where the cars are and the time of day. In Barcelona's Born Market, sensors embedded into parking spaces relay real-time information on empty spots to an app for would-be parkers. Tel Aviv is tackling traffic on busier roadways by reserving one lane for buses, shuttles, taxis and car poolers. Smart LED streetlights in San Diego turn on only when a pedestrian or vehicle approaches.” And MUCH MORE to come…
  • 64. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 THIS WILL CHANGE WAR 64 “Of the 2.5 million Americans who served in Iraq and Afghanistan, 300,000 of them came home with traumatic brain injury. DARPA initiated a series of programs to help cognitive functioning, to repair some of this damage. And those programs center around putting brain chips inside the tissue of the brain. Since the 1950s, the Pentagon has been pursuing artificial intelligence.” - Annie Jacobson, NPR Text: http://fusion.net/story/204316/darpa-is-implanting-chips-in-soldiers-brains Image: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2321081/Scientists-hope-implant-microchips-generate-memories-human-brains-2-years.html
  • 65. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 Text: https://ai100.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/ai_100_report_0831fnl.pdf 65 THIS WILL CHANGE THE WORLD “And while the potential to abuse AI technologies must be acknowledged and addressed, their greater potential is, among other things, to make driving safer, help children learn, and extend and enhance people’s lives. In fact, beneficial AI applications in schools, homes, and hospitals are already growing at an accelerated pace.” - Stanford’s One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence
  • 66. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 8 PILLARS FOR DESIGNING AI EXPERIENCES 66 1. FOCUS ON HUMANS 2. GO BEYOND GIMMICKS 3. THINK ABOUT SERVICES 4. GET OFF YOUR BUTT 5. TELL THE STORY 6. DON’T FORGET ETHICS 7. STAY FLEXIBLE 8. REMEMBER THE BIG PICTURE
  • 67. Samantha Starmer - AI and Machine Learning World15/6/2017 THANK YOU 67 http://www.flickr.com/photos/baking_in_pearls/3960662314 starmer@gmail.com, @samanthastarmer

Editor's Notes

  1. Hi - I’m Samantha and I’ve been in digital with a lot of retail experience since the pretty early days of Amazon. Most recently I was at Ralph Lauren. I’ve been teaching and presenting on customer experience for a long time and I’m incredibly excited about the challenges and opportunities of leveraging AI for better customer experiences.
  2. There is a lot of buzz about AI right now, much of it driven by images we have in our heads about robots.
  3. Current hit TV shows aren’t helping the matter.
  4. We tend to want to anthropomorphize examples of AI, probably because it helps us understand something we are still in the infancy of experiencing. Or at least recognizing when we experience it. Therefore we get such helpful images as Rosie…
  5. And such scary images as the Terminator. (Or maybe more scary – the T1000)
  6. We need to stop focusing about robots. As Tim Urban states in a great AI primer, a robot is a container for AI, sometimes mimicking the human form, sometimes not—but the AI itself is the computer inside the robot. AI is the brain, and the robot is its body—if it even has a body. For example, the software and data behind Siri is AI, the woman’s voice we hear is a personification of that AI, and there’s no robot involved at all.
  7. But are these more standard and informed definitions better? Do they help us understand how AI will impact us as humans? I’m not sure.
  8. And there is a lot of fear right now about AI and its potential negative impact. Most of these fears are probably myths, and unless we start being thoughtful and transparent about the benefits of IA, we could undermine the progress that can truly benefit humans.
  9. And I firmly believe that this is the most important way to think about AI – how can it help humans.
  10. Because we sure need help! I’m certain that I’m not the only one who generally feels overwhelmed by the ever increasing amount of data not only available to us, but the data we are expected to use and generate insights from.
  11. And isn’t any kind of technology really meant to be a tool to help humans? To augment our abilities?
  12. And whether we are ready or not, the future is coming. Think about this world that the CEO of Task Rabbit describes. Imagine how nice it would be to outsource our most dreaded chores and tasks to AI.
  13. And actually, the future is here. As this recent New York Times article discusses, the Pentagon is spending billions of dollars to develop autonomous and semiautonomous weapons and to build an arsenal stocked with the kind of weaponry that until now has existed only in Hollywood movies and science fiction, raising alarm among scientists and activists concerned by the implications of a robot arms race.
  14. Okay, so how much does AI actually impact us in our work and our lives? These predictions from well known research firms like Forrester are pretty compelling.
  15. Even with all of this, for those not directly working on AI or big data, it’s benefits – or threats - often feel out of reach and one of those flashy tech things that don’t matter to most of us in our day to day lives. So Andrew Ng’s point is important to consider. Not that long ago many people disregarded the internet as a mostly unusable fad. Clifford Stoll famously called the idea of ecommerce ‘Baloney’ in 1995. Hmmm. Sounds a little familiar.
  16. So if AI is going to significantly impact us, shouldn't we consider how to best design it for humans?
  17. I’ve been speaking and teaching on topics related to digital innovation for over 10 years. Four years ago I said…
  18. that digital and physical are colliding. The most outdated part of my talk from 2013 is the photos. We have already moved so far past some of these at the time “ground breakingly innovative” examples.
  19. And here’s the thing – the collision has happened. There is increasingly no distinction between online and offline. The future of AI is no longer coming, it’s here.
  20. According to many, this is what is about to happen. Oh shit is right. We think we have seen amazing increases to the speed of computing and general technology progress over the last 20 years? Experts say we ain’t seen nothing yet.
  21. Okay, so that’s a little bit scary. Now what? What can we do to prepare? In particular, how can we think about AI from a human perspective? How do we optimize AI from a consumer experience point of view?
  22. Today we’ll talk about 8 tips for creating AI experiences that go beyond the buzz and provide real value for the consumers of those experiences.
  23. The first, and probably most important thing is to focus on the benefits and impacts to us - the humans.
  24. AI is already brilliantly positioned to enhance our human lives very directly. With AI we can to help people with hearing challenges to better understand what people are saying in the world around them.
  25. With AI we can help those who have sight challenges to ‘see’ and understand the world around them, including recognizing loved ones before they even speak. And while there is certainly advanced technology already on the market that can provide some of these benefits, the advanced learning capabilities of AI technology can provide a human experience leaps and bounds ahead of anything without it. Leveraging AI technology to expand and help our human lives is the first area of focus we should have.
  26. Right now there is a lot of fear that one of the first huge impacts of more readily available and advanced AI will be automation that takes away jobs.
  27. But I prefer the more optimistic view that focuses on Augmentation. Mike Rhodin, the head of the IBM Corp.’s Watson business unit, pointed out, “Watson doesn’t have the ability to think on its own.” Nor does any other smart machine or robot.
  28. Pillar number 2, we have to “Go Beyond Gimmicks”. Something that has often been challenging for technology as those who remember Furbies can attest. Or more recently, Google Glass.This is at the Henn-na hotel in Nagasaki, Japan. The check in woman is a robot. Shockingly, so is the Velociraptor. The hotel’s owner, Hideo Sawada, says he wants to make this “the most efficient hotel in the world” by reducing manpower and having 90% of staff be robotic. But, at least per the reviewer in the Guardian, humans were still needed in order to check in because the Velociraptor needed a reboot.
  29. Hotels seem to be early adaptors on the AI bandwagon, at least when it comes to cute robots. Here we have the Botlrs at select Aloft hotels in California who can navigate their own way to and up elevators, accepting a review on their service in lieu of a tip.
  30. Instead of gimmickry, we should think about services that are simple but useful. Healthy eating start up Ava uses AI photo recognition capabilities as well as big data algorithms to recognize your plate of pasta and estimate calories and other nutritional data.
  31. One seemingly boring area where AI can really shine is with process improvements. And part of why it shines is that AI can handle both the overwhelming part of trying to make sense of complicated processes fueled by data, AND the mind numbing (for a human) part of going through reams upon reams of data looking for patterns. Think about the possibilities of prioritizing the most time sensitive and important court cases – allowing humans to focus their expertise and nuanced judgment in the areas that most need their attention.
  32. Next, it is valuable to focus on services AI can provide to humans, vs. just thinking about the products and technology itself.
  33. “Visual listening” is becoming a valuable service for companies wanting to understand what customers are saying about a brand visually. This service provides incredible benefits with regards to sentiment analysis, trend spotting and much more.
  34. One area where AI is already providing services ‘in the field’ is with chatbots. Not only can an AI fueled conversations save business money by leveraging technology for some questions, they can avoid the dreaded phone tree and terrible human customer service we have all had to live through at times. And think about the possibilities for gathering data around what customers like, how they respond to suggestions or other data fueled services that businesses currently often don’t have any access to.
  35. A likely even more valuable service that chat bots can provide is easing interactions with what can be a scary and fraught with emotion conversation – health. I know I would be much more likely to tell Melody than a human doctor that I smoked a couple cigarettes last year and that I sometimes like more than a glass of wine a night.
  36. And the service could just be entertainment. The other day, my husband walked in the door after a rough day at work and said “Alexa, put on your red shoes and dance with me”. My husband has a very annoying habit of talking to Alexa as if she can answer his most random or philosophical questions, as well as being able to participate in long discussions about why she doesn’t like Donald Trump. But on this day, rather than responding with her usual “Sorry, I didn’t understand the question”, she immediately started playing David Bowie’s “Let’s Dance”. We have decided that it is an easter egg, because while we have now spent hours quoting song lyrics to Alexa, this is the only time she has responded appropriately. Hours of entertainment I tell you.
  37. The next pillar is more of an action. Get off your butt. I mean it. When we think about designing for AI, in this world of blurred physical and digital, of converging online and offline and the internet of things soon just becoming everything, the best way we can ensure we are thinking about how to design AI experiences is to get out of our chairs and understand our activities in the world around us.
  38. App connected refrigerators are getting a lot of press right now. And there is definitely a benefit to being able to order groceries via your connected app or directly from the fridge itself. But in order to best think about what the next version of this Samsung fridge should do, go to your refrigerator. Stop at the grocery store and think about your actions. Right now, every time someone closes this fridge’s doors, it takes a picture of what’s on the three main shelves. These photos can be accessed remotely via the app, in case you get to the store and forget whether or not you need to buy milk. But wouldn't it be even better if the fridge learned your milk usage, including the increase when your grandchildren visit and just ordered the darn milk itself? You can’t always figure out those things by just sitting at your desk.
  39. Take self driving cars. The next time you get into a car, or ride a bus or take a train, notice your actions. Think about the pain points. What do you need from transportation?
  40. Get up and act out your life, your needs. where could AI benefit your day to day?
  41. You can use this pillar with our next one – telling the story. What do I mean?
  42. Close your eyes
  43. And imagine
  44. Just make sure you caveat your AI fortune telling. Remember poor Clifford Stoll.
  45. Touchpoint and journey mapping are very helpful tactics for telling stories that focus on human consumers. They are exceptionally useful for aligning various stakeholders from across a brand or business on the actual customer experience, gaps, pain points and opportunities.
  46. Telling stories visually can be even more helpful. I’ve had great success in getting budget and executive support for projects by creating fairly quick and dirty visual narratives that describe potential customer stories highlighting new technology.
  47. And while we are on the topic of involving a broad set of stakeholders, co-creation and ideation of challenges, solutions and priorities with a wide set of internal and external participants can bring you more quickly to a product or service that will truly resonate with your target audience – whether those be with your company or part of your end customer base. These are pictures of co-creation activities I ran while at REI. These and other similar work there led to design changes not only for our technology, but for our physical stores, customer services processes and so on.
  48. We can’t have a set of pillars for designing AI without talking about ethics. This is obviously a critical topic that is still very much in its infancy. I do think that at minimum, if we follow our number one design pillar of focusing on humans, that will keep us a step ahead from an ethical standpoint. I’m very pleased that such large and innovative technology companies are actually partnering to help establish ethical guidelines.
  49. AI learns from us. Including our potential biases and prejudices. Think about how google’s AI image recognition potentially identified these two African American friends as gorillas.
  50. AI learns from us, so it watches us. We need to think about the ethics of that and where/when it may be appropriate or not.
  51. We humans are the ones designing AI and it’s priorities. It’s our responsibility to manage against potential biases and to watch out for all ethical issues. After all, we are the ones who have empathy and emotion.
  52. With all of this change and exciting new capabilities that AI can help provide, another key is to stay flexible. (this woman is 98!)
  53. Everything is moving so quickly and continuing to change.
  54. For me, a big part of that given my 20 year career in digital technology is to remember that it isn’t always about the screens. We have become much more adept at designing good interactions for users on desktops, and after many battles about mobile first and responsive vs. adaptive, we are getting better at designing for smaller screens, but with IoT, wearables and voice recognition already strong in the market, we need to remember that we don’t know what new interaction types might be coming. Using service design techniques like the journey mapping and co-creation I talked about earlier will help us stay flexible to adapt to whatever kind of technology AI takes form within.
  55. Remember that people don’t always use things they way we expect. We have to be able to adapt to our customers desire paths - the paths they have made for themselves.
  56. Finally, we need to remember the big picture. We are just beginning in our journey with AI.
  57. AI will fundamentally change retail. Adweek commissioned Survata to ask 1,000 consumers how they feel about artificial intelligence. While 74 percent said that they had positive experiences with AI in retail stores, in another question 65 percent stated that they are not cool with a robot replacing a human worker in stores. At the same time, 57 percent said that they would happily exchange messages with an ecommerce merchant's chatbot online.
  58. It will change how we entertain ourselves, especially when combined with AR and VR. Pokeman GO was a huge craze, particularly annoying to a New Yorker who was just trying to walk from point A to point B. But think about the future of what virtual, augmented and mixed reality can do when combined with AI. From a gaming stand point, you have a real choose your own adventure.
  59. It will change medicine. I broke my navicular bone last year. They shoot horses who break that bone. My recovery took well over a year and I will never be the runner I used to be because of a misdiagnosed xray. AI will make that a thing of the past.
  60. AI will change education. We talk about personalized education and helping people who are more visual, tactile or aural learners – what about teaching aids that can learn what types of learning are most effective for each of us at what point and with what subjects?
  61. It is already changing cities, working to make them ‘smart’ and adaptive.
  62. And it will change war. UPDATE: DARPA responded to a request from Fusion that “brain-neural interfaces” have not yet been implanted in soldiers, though test devices have been implanted in the brains of volunteers already undergoing brain surgery. We’ve changed the headline to reflect that implantation of chips in soldiers’ brains has not happened yet.
  63. As I’m sure everyone in this room agrees – it’s why we are here - AI will change the world. We get to be participants and leaders in an exciting new world, and the more we can think about how to best design AI experiences for humans, the better and more beneficial those AI experiences will be.