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Introduction to Linux
Welcome to Introduction to Linux
Introduction to Linux
Linux Overview
Introduction to Linux
1. The programs
2. The kernel
3. The shell
Linux Operating System - Components
Introduction to Linux
Overview of Linux File System

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Introduction to Linux
1. Using Web console
2. Using SSH clients for your operating system
Connect to Linux Console
Introduction to Linux
Let's go through the quickstart commands in Linux
Linux - Quickstart Commands
Introduction to Linux
https://cloudxlab.com/assessment/slide/linux-fundamenta
ls-for-big-data-data-science
Linux - Fundamentals
Introduction to Linux
● List files in your home directory in HDFS
hadoop fs -ls
OR
hadoop fs -ls /user/YOUR_USER_NAME
● Create “test” directory in your home directory in HDFS
hadoop fs -mkdir test
OR
hadoop fs -mkdir /user/YOUR_USER_NAME/test
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Introduction to Linux
● Login to CloudxLab web console
● Type
whoami
● Above command is a program which will print the
username with the current effective user id
Linux Operating System - Programs - Example
Introduction to Linux
● A user executes programs.
● AngryBird is a program that gets executed by the
kernel,
● When a program is launched, it creates processes.
● Program or process will be used interchangeably.
Linux Operating System - Programs
Introduction to Linux
The Kernel handles the main work of an operating
system:
● Allocates time & memory to programs
● Handles File System
● Responds to various Calls
Linux Operating System - Kernel
Introduction to Linux
● A user interacts with the Kernel via the Shell.
● The console as opened in the previous slide is the
shell.
● A user writes instructions in the shell to execute
commands.
● Shell is also a program that keeps asking you to type
the name of other programs to run.
Linux Operating System - Shell - Example

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Introduction to Linux
ls - Displays a list of files in the current working
directory, like the dir command in DOS
cd directory - Change directories
passwd - Change the password for the current user
file filename - Display file type of file with name
filename
cat textfile - Throws content of textfile on the screen
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Introduction to Linux
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● Click on “Web Console” (It will open a new window)
● Copy your lab username under “Lab Credentials” tab and paste
it in the newly opened window)
● Copy your lab password under “Lab Credentials” tab and paste
it in the newly opened window
● Press “Enter”
Connect to Linux Console - Web Console
Introduction to Linux
● Open “Terminal” or “shell” application in your system.
● Type
ssh your_lab_user_name@your_web_console_host
● Say your username is abhinav9884 and your web console host is
f.cloudxlab.com, please type
ssh abhinav9884@f.cloudxlab.com
● Copy paste your lab password when prompted
● Press Enter
Connect to Linux Console - using SSH
Introduction to Linux
● On a Linux system, everything is a file
● If something is not a file, it is a process
● A Linux system makes no difference between a file
and a directory, since a directory is just a file
containing names of other files.
● Programs, services, texts, images, and so forth, are all
files. Input and output devices, and generally all
devices, are considered to be files, according to the
system.
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● Linux is an operating system
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Introduction to Linux | Big Data Hadoop Spark Tutorial | CloudxLab

  • 1. Introduction to Linux Welcome to Introduction to Linux
  • 3. Introduction to Linux 1. The programs 2. The kernel 3. The shell Linux Operating System - Components
  • 4. Introduction to Linux Overview of Linux File System
  • 5. Introduction to Linux 1. Using Web console 2. Using SSH clients for your operating system Connect to Linux Console
  • 6. Introduction to Linux Let's go through the quickstart commands in Linux Linux - Quickstart Commands
  • 8. Introduction to Linux ● List files in your home directory in HDFS hadoop fs -ls OR hadoop fs -ls /user/YOUR_USER_NAME ● Create “test” directory in your home directory in HDFS hadoop fs -mkdir test OR hadoop fs -mkdir /user/YOUR_USER_NAME/test CloudxLab - HDFS
  • 9. Introduction to Linux ● Login to CloudxLab web console ● Type whoami ● Above command is a program which will print the username with the current effective user id Linux Operating System - Programs - Example
  • 10. Introduction to Linux ● A user executes programs. ● AngryBird is a program that gets executed by the kernel, ● When a program is launched, it creates processes. ● Program or process will be used interchangeably. Linux Operating System - Programs
  • 11. Introduction to Linux The Kernel handles the main work of an operating system: ● Allocates time & memory to programs ● Handles File System ● Responds to various Calls Linux Operating System - Kernel
  • 12. Introduction to Linux ● A user interacts with the Kernel via the Shell. ● The console as opened in the previous slide is the shell. ● A user writes instructions in the shell to execute commands. ● Shell is also a program that keeps asking you to type the name of other programs to run. Linux Operating System - Shell - Example
  • 13. Introduction to Linux ls - Displays a list of files in the current working directory, like the dir command in DOS cd directory - Change directories passwd - Change the password for the current user file filename - Display file type of file with name filename cat textfile - Throws content of textfile on the screen Linux - Quickstart Commands
  • 14. Introduction to Linux ● Login to CloudxLab ● Click on “My Lab” and then click on “Lab Credentials” tab ● Click on “Web Console” (It will open a new window) ● Copy your lab username under “Lab Credentials” tab and paste it in the newly opened window) ● Copy your lab password under “Lab Credentials” tab and paste it in the newly opened window ● Press “Enter” Connect to Linux Console - Web Console
  • 15. Introduction to Linux ● Open “Terminal” or “shell” application in your system. ● Type ssh your_lab_user_name@your_web_console_host ● Say your username is abhinav9884 and your web console host is f.cloudxlab.com, please type ssh abhinav9884@f.cloudxlab.com ● Copy paste your lab password when prompted ● Press Enter Connect to Linux Console - using SSH
  • 16. Introduction to Linux ● On a Linux system, everything is a file ● If something is not a file, it is a process ● A Linux system makes no difference between a file and a directory, since a directory is just a file containing names of other files. ● Programs, services, texts, images, and so forth, are all files. Input and output devices, and generally all devices, are considered to be files, according to the system. Overview of Linux File System
  • 17. Introduction to Linux ● Linux is an operating system ● Linux runs most of the internet today. ● Linux is free to use. ● Linux was designed considering UNIX compatibility Linux Overview