Test planning is the process of defining and documenting the strategy to verify that a product meets its requirements. A test plan should be created by quality management and answer questions like how, who, what, how long, and test coverage level required. According to IEEE standards, a test plan includes items like test plan identifier, introduction, features to be tested, approach, pass/fail criteria, responsibilities, and schedule. A test design specification describes features to be tested and specifies test scenarios/cases to provide software testing. Test design techniques include static techniques like reviews and dynamic techniques like structure-based, experience-based, and specification-based approaches. Choosing the right technique depends on factors like tester knowledge, expected defects, test objectives,
Testing involves finding errors in a program. The goal is to assume a program contains errors and test to find as many as possible. Different testing techniques include white box testing by developers and black box testing by testers. Testing levels include unit, integration, system, and user acceptance testing. Developers and testers have different goals - developers want code to work while testers try to make code fail. Good development practices from a tester's view include doing own acceptance tests, fixing bugs, writing helpful error messages, and not artificially adding bugs. Good relationships between project managers, developers and testers help ensure quality.
The document discusses software quality assurance (SQA) and defines key terms related to quality. It describes SQA as encompassing quality management, software engineering processes, formal reviews, testing strategies, documentation control, and compliance with standards. Specific SQA activities mentioned include developing an SQA plan, participating in process development, auditing work products, and ensuring deviations are addressed. The document also discusses software reviews, inspections, reliability, and the reliability specification process.
The document discusses test management for software quality assurance, including defining test management as organizing and controlling the testing process and artifacts. It covers the phases of test management like planning, authoring, execution, and reporting. Additionally, it discusses challenges in test management, priorities and classifications for testing, and the role and responsibilities of the test manager.
This document discusses black box testing techniques. Black box testing involves testing software without knowledge of its internal structure or design. Key black box techniques include equivalence partitioning, which divides input into classes; boundary value analysis, which tests boundary cases; error guessing, which uses experience to generate test cases; and cause-effect graphing, which analyzes how inputs cause outputs to derive test cases. Black box testing has advantages like independence from implementation details and testing from a user perspective.
Aliaa delivered a session in the topic of “Test planning” using a new technique of delivering content through games and knowledge sharing instead of instructive technique. The session covered all test planning activities including defining test items, risk assessment techniques, testing strategies, planning for testing resources, testing scheduling, and test deliverables and the final test plan documents.
The session introduced to quality team at ITWorx (June , 2013)
Black box testing tests the functionality of software without knowledge of its internal structure or design. It is performed by testers and clients to test the software from an end user's perspective. There are various techniques used in black box testing including equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, and error guessing.
Software testing is an important phase of the software development process that evaluates the functionality and quality of a software application. It involves executing a program or system with the intent of finding errors. Some key points:
- Software testing is needed to identify defects, ensure customer satisfaction, and deliver high quality products with lower maintenance costs.
- It is important for different stakeholders like developers, testers, managers, and end users to work together throughout the testing process.
- There are various types of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and different methodologies like manual and automated testing. Proper documentation is also important.
- Testing helps improve the overall quality of software but can never prove that there
Se (techniques for black box testing ppt)Mani Kanth
This document discusses techniques for black box testing software. It defines black box testing as testing software functionality without knowledge of its internal implementation or code structure. The techniques described are equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, state transition testing, graph-based testing, error guessing, and comparison testing. Equivalence partitioning divides inputs into classes based on similar outcomes to reduce test cases. Boundary value analysis focuses on edge cases rather than the full input range. State transition testing checks behavior changes between states with the same inputs. Graph-based testing visualizes the relationships between inputs and outputs. Error guessing leverages the tester's experience to find common mistakes. Comparison testing looks for differences between versions of the same software.
This is the most important topic of OOAD named as Object Oriented Testing. It is used to prepare a good software which has no bug in it and it performs very fast. <a href="https://harisjamil.pro">Haris Jamil</a>
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including whitebox testing, blackbox testing, unit testing, integration testing, validation testing, and system testing. It provides details on techniques like equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, orthogonal array testing, and graph matrices. The objective of testing is to systematically uncover errors in a minimum amount of time and effort. Testing should begin with unit testing and progress towards integration and system-level testing.
The document provides an overview of software testing techniques and strategies. It discusses unit testing, integration testing, validation testing, system testing, and debugging. The key points covered include:
- Unit testing involves testing individual software modules or components in isolation from the rest of the system. This includes testing module interfaces, data structures, boundary conditions, and error handling paths.
- Integration testing combines software components into clusters or builds to test their interactions before full system integration. Approaches include top-down and bottom-up integration.
- Validation testing verifies that the software meets the intended requirements and customer expectations defined in validation criteria.
- System testing evaluates the fully integrated software system, including recovery, security, stress,
Software testing is an investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test. I hope this ppt will help u to learn about software testing.
Static testing examines and reviews software without executing it, while dynamic testing executes the software. There are different types of testing like unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. Testing techniques include white box, black box, incremental, and thread testing. White box testing examines internal program structure and logic, while black box testing verifies requirements without considering internal structure.
This lecture is about the detail definition of software quality and quality assurance. Provide details about software tesing and its types. Clear the basic concepts of software quality and software testing.
Quality, quality concepts
Software Quality Assurance
Software Reviews
Formal Technical Reviews
SQA Group Plan
ISO 9000, 9001
Example
Internal and external attributes
Black-box testing is a method of software testing that examines the functionality of an application based on the specifications.
White box testing is a testing technique, that examines the program structure and derives test data from the program logic/code
This ppt covers the following
A strategic approach to testing
Test strategies for conventional software
Test strategies for object-oriented software
Validation testing
System testing
The art of debugging
software testing is necessary to make sure the product or application is defect free, as per customer specifications. Software testing identifies fault whose removal increases the software Quality and Increases the software reliability.Testing effort is directly proportional to the complexity of the program.
Black box testing refers to testing software without knowledge of its internal implementation by focusing on inputs and outputs. There are several techniques including boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning, state transition testing, and graph-based testing. Black box testing is useful for testing functionality, behavior, and non-functional aspects from the end user's perspective.
System testing involves testing the entire integrated software system to evaluate whether it meets its required specifications. This includes recovery testing to ensure the system can recover from failures, security testing to check protection mechanisms against unauthorized access, stress testing to evaluate performance under abnormal stressful situations, and performance testing to determine if the system meets non-functional requirements for runtime performance.
Test Documentation Based On Ieee829 155261tonynavy
This document provides templates for test documentation including test plans, test design specifications, test procedure specifications, test cases, and test reports. The templates are based on the IEEE 829 standard and are intended to help ensure that test documentation includes essential information and supports testing activities. The templates can be adapted as needed for different projects and contexts.
This document discusses the importance of test data documentation. It defines test data as samples of valid and invalid data used for testing. Documenting test data has advantages like reusing data for regression testing and aiding user acceptance testing. Test design techniques like boundary value analysis and equivalence partitioning help identify test data by partitioning inputs. The document emphasizes generating comprehensive test data through templates and linking it to test scripts to ensure test coverage.
This document discusses software test documentation standards and processes. It describes the IEEE 829 standard for software test documentation, which includes a test planning and control process involving test plans, analysis and design involving test cases and procedures, implementation and execution involving bug reports and test procedures, and evaluation and reporting involving status reports and test logs. It provides details on various test documentation artifacts like test plans, test designs, test cases, test procedures, and reports. It explains the purpose, structure, and contents of each artifact to provide documentation at different stages of the testing process.
Topics: Reviews and the test process, Types of review, static analysis
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Pairwise and Combinatorial testing can dramatically improve the efficiency and effectiveness of both test design (identifying and document what to test) as well as test execution (the process of executing the test cases).
This presentation, by Justin Hunter, the founder of Hexawise, to members of TISQA, explains how these methods work, highlights empirical evidence that shows this method has been proven to more than double the number of defects found per tester hour in ten separate projects, and highlights a case study of a recent user of the Hexawise test design tool.
Buku ini membahas tentang testing dan implementasi sistem. Terdiri dari delapan bab yang membahas tentang pengertian dasar testing, perencanaan tes, proses testing, manajemen fungsi testing, dan konsep baru sekitar testing.
Understanding The Process and Benefits of Proficiency Testing - Steve HepburnMara International
The 3rd GCC Laboratory Proficiency Conference is organized as part of the strategic orientations of the GCC Standardization
Organization (GSO) for the development of the standardization and quality infrastructure, thereby contributing to the development of commerce and industry and to the support of national economy in the GCC member states.
Since the field of proficiency testing is newly introduced in the GCC member states and as the infrastructure of laboratories has not yet taken the shape of national or regional organizations representing the laboratories and reflecting their requirements, GSO is in need of meeting with a considerable group of laboratories to explore and prioritize GCC member states’ requirements in terms of the fields which must top the list of the fields to be developed and upgraded.
Based on the study conducted by GSO during 2011 on the status of proficiency testing activities in the member states which shown that the laboratories operating in the member states are in need of a unified data center on proficiency testing activities, GSO
organized two conferences in 2013 and 2014 on the subject. The conferences scored high rates of success in terms of the selected scientific material, quality of speakers and the targeted audience.
Accordingly, GSO conceptualization of the method of coordinating and upgrading the activity of proficiency tests in the GCC member states included a recommendation on the organization of annual training courses and awareness symposia by the GSO on the fields of proficiency tests.
This year’s Conference will be held in Dubai during two days the 24th and 25th of March 2015, and will coincide with the annual Analytical Industry exhibition ARABLAB which will be held in Dubai during the period 23 – 26 March 2015.
1) The document provides an overview of different test case design techniques including specification based testing, input domain testing, risk based testing, and scenario testing.
2) Specification based testing techniques discussed include analyzing specifications for gaps or contradictions, gathering additional information from developers, and using the 5W1H technique to derive test cases.
3) Input domain testing techniques like equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis are covered to avoid redundant test cases around inputs.
4) Risk based testing involves imagining how a program could fail, assessing the likelihood and impact of failures, and designing test cases to expose potential failures.
5) Scenario testing uses real user personas and examples of how the software will be used to further
Planning an achievement test and assessmentUmair Ashraf
Classroom tests and assessments serve several purposes throughout instruction. Pre-tests assess student readiness and placement. Formative assessments during instruction provide feedback. End-of-instruction summative assessments measure achievement of learning outcomes. Proper test construction involves determining purpose, developing test specifications, selecting appropriate item types, preparing relevant items, and using results to inform instruction.
The document provides an introduction to software testing fundamentals and artifacts. It discusses test cases, test specifications, test planning, and test execution. Test cases are defined as a set of test inputs, execution conditions, and expected results to test a specific objective. Good test cases should be reasonable, exercise areas of interest, and make failures obvious. The document outlines steps for creating test cases such as breaking the application into testable modules, writing checklists, adding questions, and getting reviews from other testers and developers.
The document discusses the definition and purposes of language testing. It defines a test as an activity meant to convey how well a test-taker knows or can perform something. Tests serve several functions, including reinforcing learning, assessing student performance, and providing diagnostic information. There are two main types of assessment: formative, to check student progress, and summative, used at the end to measure achievement. The document also outlines five common types of language tests: proficiency, achievement, diagnostic, placement, and direct/indirect. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different testing methods.
This document provides guidelines for constructing effective tests. It discusses the purposes of tests and different types of test items, including multiple choice, true/false, matching, essay, and performance-based questions. It emphasizes the importance of aligning test items with learning objectives through a table of specifications. Guidelines are provided for writing, selecting, editing, arranging and scoring test items to ensure validity, reliability and fair assessment of students. The document stresses considering difficulty, independence of items, and coverage of content when developing tests.
Presentation regarding the definition of identification test; advantages & disadvantages; suggestions on how to make good tests.
Disclaimer: I do not claim ownership of the photos used in this slideshow.
1. The document outlines the process of test construction which involves preliminary considerations, reviewing the content domain, item/task writing, assessing content validity, revising items/tasks, field testing, revising based on field testing results, test assembly, selecting performance standards, pilot testing, and preparing manuals.
2. Key steps include specifying test purposes and intended examinees, reviewing content standards/objectives, drafting and editing items/tasks, evaluating items for validity and potential biases, conducting item analysis after field testing, revising or deleting weak items, assembling the final test, and collecting ongoing reliability and validity data.
3. Item analysis involves both qualitative review of item content and format as well as quantitative analysis
(MST) Test Construction and Material
(class report(s)/discussion(s))
DISCLAIMER: I do not claim ownership of the photos, videos, templates, and etc used in this slideshow
CREDIT/s: education-portal
The document provides guidelines for constructing different types of test questions including matching, sentence completion, essay, and other question types. It discusses principles such as ensuring questions are clear, focused, and at an appropriate level for students. The document emphasizes that creating good tests takes time but plays an important role in evaluation. It also notes that breaking rules is acceptable when one has a good reason.
Achievement tests measure what students have learned after a period of instruction. There are two main types - standardized tests which have uniform procedures and scoring, and teacher-made tests which assess learning in a particular classroom. Standardized tests provide norms and impartial information, while teacher-made tests help evaluate teaching effectiveness but have less accuracy and refinement. Both types of achievement tests are important for measuring student learning outcomes.
The document discusses different types of assessment including formal, informal, and self-assessment. It then describes various types of tests such as diagnostic tools, formal tests, informal tests, summative tests, formative tests, norm-referenced tests, and criterion-referenced tests. The final section outlines principles of test construction including validity, reliability, objectivity, discrimination, comprehensiveness, ease of administration, practicality and scoring, and usability.
The document discusses best practices for constructing tests and writing test questions. It provides guidelines for developing multiple choice, true/false, matching, and essay questions. Key aspects addressed include writing clear questions, avoiding negatives, ensuring answer options are similar in length and structure, and using distractors that could plausibly be chosen. The document emphasizes the importance of validity, reliability, and usability in test design.
The Role Of The Sqa In Software Development By Jim ColemanJames Coleman
The document discusses the role of a quality analyst in software development. It defines key terms like quality assurance, verification, and validation. It also outlines different testing techniques like equivalence partitioning, boundary analysis, and error guessing that quality analysts use to test software. Finally, it discusses different types of testing like black box testing, white box testing, stress testing, and regression testing that quality analysts employ to ensure software quality.
The document provides an overview of manual test scripting including:
- Introduction to software testing techniques like black box and white box testing
- Details on test plans, test cases, and their purpose
- Guidelines for designing test cases using techniques like boundary value analysis and equivalence partitioning
- Format and elements of test cases
- Process for integration testing and writing integration test cases
- Best practices for testability, naming conventions, and reviewing test cases
The document discusses test case generation for verifying and testing database functionalities. It describes test case generation as the process of writing SQL test cases and designing them based on the functionalities of an application. The purpose is to check the output against expected results. Multiple techniques for generating test cases are discussed, including goal-oriented, random, specification-based, and source-code-based approaches. Best practices for writing quality test cases are also provided.
The document discusses various aspects of system testing such as the testing life cycle, roles of testing team members, test plan preparation, test case preparation and execution, and different testing techniques. It explains that testing activities are involved throughout the project from planning and preparation to unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. It also describes techniques like equivalence partitioning, boundary analysis, error guessing, and incremental testing.
The document summarizes the role of testing in the software development life cycle (SDLC). It discusses SDLC models like waterfall and V-model and covers the software testing life cycle. This includes test planning, use case scenarios, test cases, test types like unit, integration, and system testing. It also discusses test deliverables like scenarios and test cases and the bug life cycle.
The document discusses various concepts related to software testing such as testing types (unit testing, integration testing, etc.), test case design techniques (equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis, etc.), test documentation (test plan, test cases, test procedures, etc.), software quality models (CMM, ISO), and the software development life cycle (waterfall model, iterative model, etc.). It provides definitions and explanations of key terms to understand software testing processes and methodologies.
This document discusses test effectiveness and techniques to improve it. It defines test effectiveness as how well a system satisfies customer requirements and specifications. Test effectiveness can be enhanced through testing principles like early testing to prevent defects, and test design techniques like structure-based/white-box testing of internal logic and flows. Specification-based/black-box testing focuses on external behavior and validates techniques like equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis.
A test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether a software system is working correctly. Test cases are often written as test scripts and collected into test suites. Characteristics of good test cases include being simple, clear, concise, complete, non-redundant, and having a reasonable probability of catching errors. Test cases should be developed to verify specific requirements or designs and include both positive and negative cases.
The document discusses various topics related to software testing including goals of testing, difficulties in testing, different stages of testing like unit testing and integration testing, test selection strategies like specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, and risk-based testing. It also covers test automation, white-box testing methods, and the financial implications of inadequate testing.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correct outputs and comparing testing strategies. Different strategies for selecting test cases are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random, and risk-based testing.
The document discusses various topics related to software testing including goals of testing, difficulties in testing, types of testing (unit, integration, system), test case selection strategies (code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, risk-based), test automation, and the financial implications of inadequate testing. It notes that testing aims to detect faults, establish confidence, and evaluate properties, but is difficult due to issues like determining correct outputs and adequate testing.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correctness of outputs and selecting test cases. Different strategies for test case selection are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random testing, and risk-based testing.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correct outputs and comparing testing strategies. Different strategies for selecting test cases are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random, and risk-based testing.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correctness of outputs and selecting test cases. Different strategies for test case selection are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random testing, and risk-based testing.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correct outputs and comparing testing strategies. Different strategies for selecting test cases are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random, and risk-based testing.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correctness of outputs and selecting test cases. Different strategies for test case selection are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random testing, and risk-based testing.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correct outputs and adequately testing interfaces. Different strategies for selecting test cases are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random, and risk-based techniques. The goals of testing like detecting faults and evaluating reliability are also mentioned.
The document discusses various techniques for software testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing. It describes challenges in software testing like determining correctness of outputs and selecting test cases. Different strategies for test case selection are covered such as code-based, specification-based, operational distribution-based, domain-based, random testing, and risk-based testing.
This document defines bug tracking terms and provides guidance on effective bug reporting. It explains that a bug tracking system is used to keep track of reported software bugs. Effective bug reports are clear, contain one bug each, and include all necessary information like steps to reproduce, expected vs. actual results, and environment details. The lifecycle of a bug involves states like open, in progress, resolved, reopened and closed. Popular bug tracking systems include JIRA, Bugzilla, Mantis and others.
The document discusses test case structure and specifications. It defines a test case as a set of inputs, expected results, and execution conditions used to test a specific program path or requirement. A test case specification is a document that specifies test cases by outlining objectives, inputs, test actions, expected results, and preconditions. It also provides guidelines for writing effective test cases, such as keeping them short, using simple language, and providing test data and notes when possible. The overall goal is to write test cases early based on design to allow for early bug detection and efficient testing once code is completed.
This document discusses software requirements and their analysis. It defines a requirement as a specified functional or physical need that software must perform. There are two main types of requirements: functional requirements which explain what should be done, and non-functional requirements which define criteria for the system as a whole. Requirements are usually presented in a Software Requirements Specification document or Product Backlog of User Stories. Use cases can also be used to describe complex requirements and may include diagrams, structured text descriptions, and specific elements like main and extension scenarios. Good requirements should be necessary, complete, verifiable, unambiguous, and consistent.
This document discusses different types of software testing:
- Performance, load, and stress testing determine how well a system performs under normal, peak, and excessive loads.
- Unit testing validates individual units of source code in isolation.
- Integration testing exposes defects in interfaces and interactions between components. There are top-down, bottom-up, and big-bang approaches.
- Acceptance testing determines if a system meets requirements and acceptance criteria.
- Alpha and beta testing involve potential users/customers testing the software at the developers' site or external site.
Smoke testing involves basic testing to check if a program runs and performs very basic functions like opening a window and buttons responding to clicks. GUI testing focuses on user interface elements like buttons, menus and windows. Functional testing verifies program features and functions according to requirements. Regression testing is done after functional testing to check that changes didn't break existing functionality, and confirmation testing ensures changes were implemented correctly.
This document discusses and compares two common project methodologies: Waterfall and Scrum. Waterfall follows a linear sequential flow from requirements to testing and release, while Scrum uses iterative sprints and frequent releases. Both approaches can be applied to software development, but Waterfall works best for regulated domains and fixed-price projects, whereas Scrum is more flexible and has been used for large commercial software, games, websites, and embedded systems.
Transcript: Details of description part II: Describing images in practice - T...BookNet Canada
This presentation explores the practical application of image description techniques. Familiar guidelines will be demonstrated in practice, and descriptions will be developed “live”! If you have learned a lot about the theory of image description techniques but want to feel more confident putting them into practice, this is the presentation for you. There will be useful, actionable information for everyone, whether you are working with authors, colleagues, alone, or leveraging AI as a collaborator.
Link to presentation recording and slides: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/details-of-description-part-ii-describing-images-in-practice/
Presented by BookNet Canada on June 25, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Fluttercon 2024: Showing that you care about security - OpenSSF Scorecards fo...Chris Swan
Have you noticed the OpenSSF Scorecard badges on the official Dart and Flutter repos? It's Google's way of showing that they care about security. Practices such as pinning dependencies, branch protection, required reviews, continuous integration tests etc. are measured to provide a score and accompanying badge.
You can do the same for your projects, and this presentation will show you how, with an emphasis on the unique challenges that come up when working with Dart and Flutter.
The session will provide a walkthrough of the steps involved in securing a first repository, and then what it takes to repeat that process across an organization with multiple repos. It will also look at the ongoing maintenance involved once scorecards have been implemented, and how aspects of that maintenance can be better automated to minimize toil.
Best Practices for Effectively Running dbt in Airflow.pdfTatiana Al-Chueyr
As a popular open-source library for analytics engineering, dbt is often used in combination with Airflow. Orchestrating and executing dbt models as DAGs ensures an additional layer of control over tasks, observability, and provides a reliable, scalable environment to run dbt models.
This webinar will cover a step-by-step guide to Cosmos, an open source package from Astronomer that helps you easily run your dbt Core projects as Airflow DAGs and Task Groups, all with just a few lines of code. We’ll walk through:
- Standard ways of running dbt (and when to utilize other methods)
- How Cosmos can be used to run and visualize your dbt projects in Airflow
- Common challenges and how to address them, including performance, dependency conflicts, and more
- How running dbt projects in Airflow helps with cost optimization
Webinar given on 9 July 2024
7 Most Powerful Solar Storms in the History of Earth.pdfEnterprise Wired
Solar Storms (Geo Magnetic Storms) are the motion of accelerated charged particles in the solar environment with high velocities due to the coronal mass ejection (CME).
RPA In Healthcare Benefits, Use Case, Trend And Challenges 2024.pptxSynapseIndia
Your comprehensive guide to RPA in healthcare for 2024. Explore the benefits, use cases, and emerging trends of robotic process automation. Understand the challenges and prepare for the future of healthcare automation
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Data Privacy Trends: A Mid-Year Check-InTrustArc
Six months into 2024, and it is clear the privacy ecosystem takes no days off!! Regulators continue to implement and enforce new regulations, businesses strive to meet requirements, and technology advances like AI have privacy professionals scratching their heads about managing risk.
What can we learn about the first six months of data privacy trends and events in 2024? How should this inform your privacy program management for the rest of the year?
Join TrustArc, Goodwin, and Snyk privacy experts as they discuss the changes we’ve seen in the first half of 2024 and gain insight into the concrete, actionable steps you can take to up-level your privacy program in the second half of the year.
This webinar will review:
- Key changes to privacy regulations in 2024
- Key themes in privacy and data governance in 2024
- How to maximize your privacy program in the second half of 2024
How Social Media Hackers Help You to See Your Wife's Message.pdfHackersList
In the modern digital era, social media platforms have become integral to our daily lives. These platforms, including Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Snapchat, offer countless ways to connect, share, and communicate.
Measuring the Impact of Network Latency at TwitterScyllaDB
Widya Salim and Victor Ma will outline the causal impact analysis, framework, and key learnings used to quantify the impact of reducing Twitter's network latency.
Details of description part II: Describing images in practice - Tech Forum 2024BookNet Canada
This presentation explores the practical application of image description techniques. Familiar guidelines will be demonstrated in practice, and descriptions will be developed “live”! If you have learned a lot about the theory of image description techniques but want to feel more confident putting them into practice, this is the presentation for you. There will be useful, actionable information for everyone, whether you are working with authors, colleagues, alone, or leveraging AI as a collaborator.
Link to presentation recording and transcript: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/details-of-description-part-ii-describing-images-in-practice/
Presented by BookNet Canada on June 25, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
INDIAN AIR FORCE FIGHTER PLANES LIST.pdfjackson110191
These fighter aircraft have uses outside of traditional combat situations. They are essential in defending India's territorial integrity, averting dangers, and delivering aid to those in need during natural calamities. Additionally, the IAF improves its interoperability and fortifies international military alliances by working together and conducting joint exercises with other air forces.
Scaling Connections in PostgreSQL Postgres Bangalore(PGBLR) Meetup-2 - MydbopsMydbops
This presentation, delivered at the Postgres Bangalore (PGBLR) Meetup-2 on June 29th, 2024, dives deep into connection pooling for PostgreSQL databases. Aakash M, a PostgreSQL Tech Lead at Mydbops, explores the challenges of managing numerous connections and explains how connection pooling optimizes performance and resource utilization.
Key Takeaways:
* Understand why connection pooling is essential for high-traffic applications
* Explore various connection poolers available for PostgreSQL, including pgbouncer
* Learn the configuration options and functionalities of pgbouncer
* Discover best practices for monitoring and troubleshooting connection pooling setups
* Gain insights into real-world use cases and considerations for production environments
This presentation is ideal for:
* Database administrators (DBAs)
* Developers working with PostgreSQL
* DevOps engineers
* Anyone interested in optimizing PostgreSQL performance
Contact info@mydbops.com for PostgreSQL Managed, Consulting and Remote DBA Services
Advanced Techniques for Cyber Security Analysis and Anomaly DetectionBert Blevins
Cybersecurity is a major concern in today's connected digital world. Threats to organizations are constantly evolving and have the potential to compromise sensitive information, disrupt operations, and lead to significant financial losses. Traditional cybersecurity techniques often fall short against modern attackers. Therefore, advanced techniques for cyber security analysis and anomaly detection are essential for protecting digital assets. This blog explores these cutting-edge methods, providing a comprehensive overview of their application and importance.
Sustainability requires ingenuity and stewardship. Did you know Pigging Solutions pigging systems help you achieve your sustainable manufacturing goals AND provide rapid return on investment.
How? Our systems recover over 99% of product in transfer piping. Recovering trapped product from transfer lines that would otherwise become flush-waste, means you can increase batch yields and eliminate flush waste. From raw materials to finished product, if you can pump it, we can pig it.
Comparison Table of DiskWarrior Alternatives.pdfAndrey Yasko
To help you choose the best DiskWarrior alternative, we've compiled a comparison table summarizing the features, pros, cons, and pricing of six alternatives.
2. Test Planning
Test Planning – the process of defining
and documenting the strategy that will be
used to verify and ensure that a product or
system meets its design specifications and
other requirements.
Test Plan document should be created by
QC management (QC Analyst/QC Lead/QC
Manager) and answer on the following
questions:
– How the testing will be done?
– Who will do it?
– What will be tested?
– How long it will take?
– What the test coverage will be, i.e. what
quality level is required?
3. According to IEEE 829 (Standard for Software
Test Documentation ) Test Plan consists of:
– Test plan identifier
– Introduction
– Test items
– Features to be tested
– Features not to be tested
– Approach
– Item pass/fail criteria
– Suspension criteria and resumption requirements
– Test deliverables
– Testing tasks
– Environmental needs
– Responsibilities
– Staffing and training needs
– Schedule
– Risks and contingencies
– Approvals
Test Plan Structure
4. Test Analysis
Test Design Techniques
Selection
Test Design Specification
Test Case Specification
Test Plan
SRS
Mock-ups
Test Design
Specification
…
Trainings’ Content
5. Test Design Specification
Test Design Specification
– It is a document that
describes features to be
tested and specifies list of
all test scenarios or test
cases, which should be
designed for providing the
testing of software.
– The test design does not
record the values to be
entered for a test, but
describes the requirements
for defining those values.
6. Test Design Specification Structure
According to IEEE-829 standard template structure of Test Design
Specification looks in the following way:
1. Test Design Specification Identifier
1.1 Purpose
1.2 References
1.3 Definitions, acronyms and abbreviations
2. Features to be Tested
3. Approach Refinements
4. Test Identification
4.1 <Test Item 1>
4.2 <Test Item …>
4.3 <Test Item N>
5. Feature Pass/Fail Criteria
7. Test Design Techniques
Test Design Techniques
Static: The fundamental objective
of static testing is to improve the
quality of software work products
by assisting engineers to recognize
and fix their own defects early in
the software development.
Dynamic: Testing that involves the
execution of the software of a
component or system.
8. Static Techniques
Static Techniques
Static Analysis
Control Flow
Structure
Data Flow
Structure
Informal Reviews
Walkthroughs
Technical Reviews
Inspections
Data Structure
9. Dynamic Techniques
Dynamic
Techniques
Structure – Based
Experience – Based
Specification-Based
Equivalence
Partitioning
State Transition
Decision Tables
Use Case
Testing
Boundary
Values Analysis
Error Guessing
Exploratory
Testing
Statement
Decision
Condition
Multiple
Condition
Testing, either functional or non-
functional, without reference to
the internal structure of the
component or system. These are
also called black-box techniques.
10. Equivalence Partitioning
Equivalence partitioning (EP) – A black box test design technique in which test
cases are designed to execute representatives from equivalence partitions.
Idea: Divide (i.e. to partition) a set of test conditions into groups or sets that can be
considered the same (i.e. the system should handle them equivalently), hence
equivalence partitioning. In principle test cases are designed to cover each partition
at least once.
Example: Bank represents new deposit program for corporate clients. According to the
program client has ability to get different %, based on amount of deposited money.
Minimum which can be deposited in $1, maximum is – $999. If client deposits less than
$500 it will have 5% of interests. In case the amount of deposited money is $500 and
higher, then client gets on 10% of interests more.
11. Boundary Values Analysis
Boundary value analysis (BVA): A black box test design technique in which test
cases are designed based on boundary values.
Boundary value is an input value or output value which is on the edge of an
equivalence partition or at the smallest incremental distance on either side of an
edge, for example the minimum or maximum value of a range.
Idea: Divide test conditions into sets and test the boundaries between these sets.
Tests should be written to cover each boundary value.
Example: Bank represents new deposit program for corporate clients. According to the
program client has ability to get different %, based on amount of deposited money.
Minimum which can be deposited in $1, maximum is – $999. If client deposits less than
$500 it will have 5% of interests. In case the amount of deposited money is $500 and
higher, then client gets on 10% of interests more.
12. Decision table – A table showing combinations of inputs and/or stimuli (causes)
with their associated outputs and/or actions (effects), which can be used to design
test cases.
Idea: Divide test conditions into constraints, which could get positive or negative
meanings, and rules which identify output based on values of conditions. While
analyzing each possible variant of positive and negative meanings identify output or
set of outputs for each variant based on the rules. Only combinations of these
positive and negative meanings, which uniquely identify decisions that are
made, should be covered by tests.
Example: If you hold an 'over 60s' rail card, you get a 34% discount on whatever ticket
you buy. If you hold family rail card and you are traveling with a child (under 16), you can
get a 50% discount on any ticket. If you are traveling with a child (under 16), but do not
have family rail card, you can get a 10% discount. You can use only one type of rail card.
Decision Tables
13. - 'over 60s' rail card – 34%
- family rail card and traveling with a child – 50%
- traveling with a child, but do not have family rail card – 10%
- only one type of rail card can be used
Decision Tables
14. State Transition
State transition testing – A black box test design technique in which test cases
are designed to execute valid and invalid state transitions.
State transition – A transition between two states of a component or system.
Idea: Design diagram that shows the events that cause a change from one state to
another. Tests should cover each path starting from the longest state combination.
Example: Client of the bank would like to take money from bank account using cash
machine. To get money he should enter valid Personal Identity Number (PIN). In case of 3
invalid tries, cash machine eats the card.
Start
Access to
account
Eat card
Wait for
Pin
1st try
Enter
Pin Ok
3rd try2nd try
Pin
NOT Ok
Pin
NOT Ok
Card inserted
Pin Ok
Pin Ok
Pin
NOT Ok
15. Use Case Testing
Use Case testing - is a technique that helps us identify test cases that exercise the
whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish.
– Use cases describe the process flows through a system based on its most likely
use
– This makes the test cases derived from use cases particularly good for finding
defects in the real-world use of the system
– Each use case usually has a mainstream (or most likely) scenario and sometimes
additional alternative branches (covering, for example, special cases or
exceptional conditions).
– Each use case must specify any preconditions that need to be met for the use
case to work.
– Use cases must also specify post conditions that are observable results and a
description of the final state of the system after the use case has been executed
successfully.
16. Structure-Based Techniques
Dynamic
Techniques
Structure – Based Experience – Based Specification-Based
Equivalence
Partitioning
State Transition
Decision Tables
Use Case
Testing
Boundary
Values Analysis
Error Guessing
Exploratory
Testing
Statement
Decision
Condition
Multiple
Condition
Procedure to derive and/or
select test cases based on an
analysis of the internal structure
of a component or system.
These are also called while-box
techniques.
17. Statement Testing
Statement – an entity in a programming language, which is typically the smallest
indivisible unit of execution.
Example:
18. Decision Testing
Decision is an IF statement, a loop control statement (e.g. DO-WHILE or REPEAT-
UNTIL), or a CASE statement, where there are two or more possible exits or
outcomes from the statement.
Example:
19. Experience-Based Techniques
Dynamic
Techniques
.
Structure – Based Experience – Based
Specification-Based
Equivalence
Partitioning
State Transition
Decision Tables
Use Case
Testing
Boundary
Values Analysis
Error Guessing
Exploratory
Testing
Statement
Decision
Condition
Multiple
Condition
Procedure to derive and/or select
test cases based
on the tester’s
experience, knowledge and
intuition.
20. Choosing A Test Design Technique
Which technique is best? This is the wrong question!
Each technique is good for certain things, and not as good for other things. Some techniques are
more applicable to certain situations and test levels, others are applicable to all test levels.
The internal factors that influence the decision about which technique to
use are:
– Tester knowledge and experience
– Expected defects
– Test objectives
– Documentation
– Life cycle model
The external factors that influence the decision about which technique to
use are:
– Risks
– Customer and contractual requirements
– System type
– Regulatory requirements
– Time and budget
Informal Review – a review not based on a formal (documented) procedure.Walkthrough – a step-by-step presentation by the author of a document in order to gather information and to establish a common understanding of its content.Technical Review – a peer group discussion activity that focuses on achieving consensus on the technical approach to be taken.Inspection – a type of peer review that relies on visual examination of documents to detect defects. The most formal review technique and therefore always based on a documented procedure.Control Flow Structure– a form of static analysis based on a representation of unique paths (sequences of events) in the execution through a component or system. Control flow analysis evaluates the integrity of control flow structures, looking for possible control flow anomalies such as closed loops or logically unreachable process steps.Data Flow Structure–aform of static analysis based on the definition and usage of variables.Data Structure- aform of static analysis based on the organization of the data itself, independent of the program.
Statement -A testing aimed at exercising programming statements. If we aim to test every executable statement we call this full or 100% statement coverage.Decision -A white box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute decision outcomes.Condition -A white box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute condition outcomes – the evaluation of a condition to True or False.Multiply Condition -A white box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute combinations of single condition outcomes (within one statement.