This document discusses the architecture, types, and applications of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It describes the basic components of SCADA systems including human-machine interfaces, programmable logic controllers, remote terminal units, communication infrastructure, and SCADA programming. It outlines the four generations of SCADA systems from early monolithic to modern networked and internet-based systems. Finally, it provides examples of SCADA applications in manufacturing, wastewater treatment, power systems, and wireless SCADA systems.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It includes an agenda that covers introductions to PLCs and SCADA, their classifications, elements, applications, and types. It also discusses the purpose of the research project, which is to develop teaching modules on general SCADA systems and PLCs using LabVIEW and wireless computers.
SCADA systems are used to monitor and control geographically dispersed systems. They involve data acquisition from sensors, transmission of data via communication networks to a central control system, data presentation through HMIs, and remote control of equipment. Key components include RTUs that interface with field sensors and devices, programmable logic controllers that connect to sensors and convert signals to digital data, and HMIs that present data to operators and allow control of the system. SCADA systems are commonly used in industries like oil and gas, water treatment, manufacturing, and electric power grids.
This document provides information about SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It discusses what SCADA is, the advantages of SCADA over HMI, the system concept of SCADA including RTUs, and future trends in SCADA. Specific topics covered include the history and purpose of SCADA, where SCADA is used, alarm features in SCADA, and applications of RTUs in remote monitoring and control.
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems monitor and control industrial processes that are distributed over large geographical areas. They progressed through 3 generations - from co-located control in the 1970s to networked systems connected to external networks in the 2000s. A typical SCADA system has hardware components like PLCs and field devices, and software for communication, interfacing, scalability, and functionality like access control, alarms, trending, and automation through scripting. SCADA provides cost-effective monitoring and control for industrial processes compared to distributed control systems.
This document discusses supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It describes the typical hardware and software architectures of SCADA, including distributed databases, data servers, programmable logic controllers, and field buses. The document outlines common SCADA functions such as access control, human-machine interface, trending, alarm handling, logging, archiving, report generation, and automation. It also mentions SCADA development tools and data access mechanisms. In conclusion, the document states that SCADA systems offer more front-end functionality, efficient storage, and device-oriented configuration than distributed control systems.
This document provides an overview of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It defines SCADA as a combination of telemetry and data acquisition used to remotely monitor and control industrial equipment and processes. The document outlines the basic components of a SCADA system including field devices, remote terminal units, a master terminal unit, and communication networks. It also discusses where SCADA systems are commonly used, new trends like web-based interfaces and mobile access, and security considerations for SCADA.
Supervisory Contro and Data Acquisition - SCADAAhmed Elsayed
This document provides an overview of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It defines SCADA as combining telemetry and data acquisition to collect information from remote sites, transfer it back to a central location, analyze the data, and display it for operators. The key benefits of SCADA are remote monitoring and control to reduce costs. Core SCADA components are the master terminal unit, remote terminal units, communication network, and software interface. Typical configurations connect one master station to multiple remote stations or allow direct peer-to-peer connections between all sites.
SCADA systems are used to monitor and control geographically dispersed industrial processes. A SCADA system consists of field devices like PLCs and RTUs that connect to sensors and convert signals to digital data. This data is communicated to a control center via telemetry where it is processed by a data acquisition server and presented to human operators through an HMI. The system allows operators to monitor and control the industrial process. SCADA has evolved from early monolithic centralized systems to modern distributed and networked systems that utilize open standards and protocols to distribute functionality across a wide area network. SCADA is commonly used in applications like power generation, water treatment, oil and gas pipelines, and more.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It includes an agenda that covers introductions to PLCs and SCADA, their classifications, elements, applications, and types. It also discusses the purpose of the research project, which is to develop teaching modules on general SCADA systems and PLCs using LabVIEW and wireless computers.
SCADA systems are used to monitor and control geographically dispersed systems. They involve data acquisition from sensors, transmission of data via communication networks to a central control system, data presentation through HMIs, and remote control of equipment. Key components include RTUs that interface with field sensors and devices, programmable logic controllers that connect to sensors and convert signals to digital data, and HMIs that present data to operators and allow control of the system. SCADA systems are commonly used in industries like oil and gas, water treatment, manufacturing, and electric power grids.
This document provides information about SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It discusses what SCADA is, the advantages of SCADA over HMI, the system concept of SCADA including RTUs, and future trends in SCADA. Specific topics covered include the history and purpose of SCADA, where SCADA is used, alarm features in SCADA, and applications of RTUs in remote monitoring and control.
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems monitor and control industrial processes that are distributed over large geographical areas. They progressed through 3 generations - from co-located control in the 1970s to networked systems connected to external networks in the 2000s. A typical SCADA system has hardware components like PLCs and field devices, and software for communication, interfacing, scalability, and functionality like access control, alarms, trending, and automation through scripting. SCADA provides cost-effective monitoring and control for industrial processes compared to distributed control systems.
This document discusses supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It describes the typical hardware and software architectures of SCADA, including distributed databases, data servers, programmable logic controllers, and field buses. The document outlines common SCADA functions such as access control, human-machine interface, trending, alarm handling, logging, archiving, report generation, and automation. It also mentions SCADA development tools and data access mechanisms. In conclusion, the document states that SCADA systems offer more front-end functionality, efficient storage, and device-oriented configuration than distributed control systems.
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems are used to remotely control and monitor industrial processes. SCADA systems allow users to access process data, control field instruments remotely, convert analog and digital signals, and communicate with various protocols. They do not require proximity to control processes and can be used across different applications and industries.
SCADA systems collect data from remote locations and transmit it to a central control station. They use RTUs to collect and format data at remote sites, PLCs to monitor input devices and control output devices, HMIs for operators to interface with controllers, telemetry systems to wirelessly transmit data, and data acquisition to measure physical phenomena and convert it to digital values for analysis. Overall, SCADA systems allow centralized monitoring and control of equipment in various locations.
Everything you should know about SCADAChaiTik Yong
SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) is an automation system that allows remote monitoring and control of industrial processes. It collects data from field devices like sensors, analyzes the data, and controls remote equipment. A typical SCADA system includes input/output devices to collect field data, programmable logic controllers (PLCs) to convert sensor signals to digital data, communication networks to connect system components, and a human-machine interface (HMI) for operators to monitor and control the industrial process. Modern SCADA systems have evolved into web-based interfaces for wider accessibility and integration with cloud-based industrial internet of things (IIoT) systems for faster data collection and higher efficiency.
SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. It refers to a system that collects data from sensors at remote locations and sends it to a central computer for monitoring and control. The central monitoring system communicates with remote terminal units or programmable logic controllers through communication links. SCADA systems allow operators to monitor entire systems in real-time with little human intervention through functions like data acquisition, supervisory control, alarms, logging, and trending.
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems are central control systems that coordinate critical infrastructure elements like electricity generation and distribution. They acquire data from programmable logic controllers and remote terminal units to monitor infrastructure components. Failures or attacks on SCADA systems can disable wide areas of infrastructure by causing equipment to malfunction or shut down. SCADA has evolved from isolated first generation systems to modern third generation systems that are networked and internet-connected, introducing vulnerabilities. SCADA performs key functions of data acquisition, control, communications, and presentation to operate infrastructure systems.
The document discusses supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It defines SCADA and provides a brief history. It describes common SCADA components like remote terminal units (RTU), programmable logic controllers (PLC), human-machine interfaces, and data acquisition servers. It discusses the system components, future trends moving to networked systems, and applications in power system automation including intelligent electronic devices and automation processes. It concludes that India is moving towards greater power grid automation for increased efficiency and standardization.
SCADA systems gather data from widely distributed processes and provide limited control capabilities over distant facilities. They consist of field instruments that collect data and control loops that regulate processes. Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) gather information from field devices and send it to a Master Terminal Unit (MTU) via communications networks. The MTU allows operators to monitor and control the system through a human-machine interface. SCADA systems are used to supervise critical infrastructure like pipelines and power grids over large areas.
This document provides an overview of a student project on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. It discusses key topics such as the introduction and overview of SCADA, use case diagrams, layers of a SCADA system, functions of SCADA including data acquisition and control, principles of operation, energy management systems, operator displays, trends, technologies, vendors, protocols, applications, and the Wonderware InTouch software. The document serves as a guide for the student project presentation on SCADA.
This document provides an overview of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It defines SCADA and describes its typical components, including field instrumentation, remote stations, communication networks, and central monitoring systems. It also discusses telemetry, data acquisition, differences between SCADA and distributed control systems, common system configurations, communication modes, example applications, benefits, and limitations of SCADA systems. The document provides details on human-machine interfaces and interaction techniques used in SCADA.
SCADA systems are used to remotely monitor and control equipment and industrial processes. They consist of a central master computer system that collects real-time data from remote terminal units (RTUs) connected to sensors and machinery. The master system interfaces with human operators through human-machine interfaces (HMIs) that present data and status information. SCADA systems allow industrial processes to be automated and monitored remotely, improving productivity and reducing costs compared to manual operation and monitoring. They are commonly used in applications like power generation, water and sewage systems, manufacturing, and buildings.
SCADA stands for supervisory control and data acquisition. It is a type of software application program for process control. SCADA is a central control system which consist of controllers network interfaces, input/output, communication equipments and software. SCADA systems are used to monitor and control the equipments in the industrial process which include manufacturing, production, development and fabrication.
This document discusses the findings of a survey on how businesses are transforming through adoption of digital technologies like cloud, mobile, social media, and big data. Key findings include:
- Over half of respondents said these technologies are already transforming their businesses, with impacts including improved customer service, increased productivity and revenues, and new business models and products.
- Mobile access is enabling new business scenarios by allowing employees to work anywhere and companies to innovate through new customer apps and services. Delta Air Lines is an example using mobile to sell more products in-flight and improve customer service.
- Cloud computing is driving business agility by providing flexible infrastructure and lower costs, enabling faster innovation and new services. Leading companies
Track and Minimize Pump Energy Consumption Using Variable Frequency Drives, F...Jim Mimlitz, P.E.
The document discusses using variable frequency drives (VFDs), flow meters, and telemetry to improve the energy efficiency of pump stations. It uses an analogy to improving a car's gas mileage to explain how moderating pump speeds can lower energy costs by reducing friction losses, similar to how driving at a moderate speed maximizes a car's miles per gallon. Measurement tools like flow meters and telemetry integrated with VFDs allow monitoring of the work to energy ratio in terms of gallons pumped per kilowatt-hour or dollars, identifying opportunities to reduce costs by optimizing pump speeds. Case studies demonstrated efficiency increases from these techniques.
This document describes a proof-of-value exercise conducted by PNC Bank and IBM to evaluate using BIAN (Banking Industry Architecture Network) standards and IBM Industry Models in developing IT solutions for banking transformation. The POV focused on account opening and corporate lending processes at PNC. The results showed that BIAN and IBM Models provided an effective methodology for both top-down and bottom-up approaches to solution design and implementation. Using these standards and models enabled developing architectures and building blocks for future banking solutions that could achieve better business-IT alignment, agility, and efficiency. Some challenges around legacy systems integration were also discussed.
Eclipse SCADA is an open source SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) platform built on Java. It allows monitoring and control of industrial processes through a computer system. Eclipse SCADA acquires data from devices using various protocols, enriches the data with additional functionality, and exports it for storage, alarming, and display in client GUIs. It provides features for data acquisition, alarms and events, historical data storage, configuration, and visualization interfaces.
Dhiraj seminar # power system automationvision2d16
This document discusses power system automation and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It describes the key components of SCADA including instrument transformers, transducers, relays, RTUs, meters, digital fault recorders, PLCs and HMIs. The advantages of power system automation are that it makes the system more efficient with less manpower and is flexible, simple and reliable. Some applications discussed are smart grids, smart meters and automatic generation control.
This document discusses using data logging and telemetry tools to optimize glider performance. It describes logging launch parameters like camber, elevator preset, and towhook position to measure altitude, airspeed, and towline tension over time. Analyzing these parameters helped identify ways to extract maximum energy in launches, such as reducing wing "ringing" by moving the towhook. Telemetry was also used in team training to provide real-time feedback on trim settings to find minimum sink rates. Overall, measuring and collecting data over time through logging and telemetry allows performance to be compared, understood, and improved.
The document provides an overview of Eclipse NeoSCADA, an open source SCADA platform based on Java. It describes that NeoSCADA allows monitoring and control of industrial processes via protocols like Modbus and OPC, and features including data acquisition, alarms and events, historical data storage, and an Eclipse-based graphical user interface. The document outlines the data flow from field devices to the user interface via drivers, a master server, and clients.
The document provides an overview of substation automation at BSES in Delhi, India. It discusses [1] the company profile of BSES and the privatization of power distribution in Delhi, [2] what SCADA is and why it is needed for substation automation, and [3] the components of a typical SCADA system including the control center, communication systems, and remote terminal units.
This document discusses power distribution substation automation using a SCADA system. It defines substation automation as automatically controlling the power system via monitoring with SCADA and intelligent electronic devices. The SCADA system gathers operational information from substations through RTUs and microwave links to monitor and control the distribution network from a central location. It provides benefits like improved reliability and reduced costs but also has limitations like initial costs and security issues due to using open network protocols.
Industrial revolution worldwide. It has resulted in social changes too and raised the standard of living we examine a future distribution system capable of solving problems caused by the connection of numerous distributed generators. A supervisory-control-and-data-acquisition (SCADA) system for this distribution system should be economical, flexible, and reliable, and should execute a real-time process. In this seminar report, we propose a SCADA system using mobile agents for flexibility. In addition, we show two types of communication protocols that make agent migration more fault-tolerant, and perform experiments where the SCADA system executes earth fault protection within the required time. These results indicate that the SCADA system based on our proposed technologies should be capable of fulfilling the real-time processing requirement.
While writing the report on my seminar, I was wondering that Science and technology are as ever expanding field and the engineers working hard day and night and make the life a gift for us
2010 11 18 Substation Automation Systems By Gin Quesadaginquesada
The document discusses a technical presentation about substation automation systems based on IEC 61850 standards. The presentation provides an introduction to SAS and IEC 61850, explaining the history and need for SAS technology. It also describes the data modeling approach and substation configuration language defined in IEC 61850, and discusses key benefits like interoperability and fast communication between devices.
DDS in SCADA, Utilities, Smart Grid and Smart CitiesAngelo Corsaro
This presentation introduces the challenges faced by next generation SCADA, Utilities, and Smart-* applications and show how OpenSplice DDS addresses theses. The presentation also showcases the use of OpenSplice DDS in some relevan use cases.
A short presentation for beginners on Introduction of Machine Learning, What it is, how it works, what all are the popular Machine Learning techniques and learning models (supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised, reinforcement learning) and how they works with various Industry use-cases and popular examples.
Here are the key calculations:
1) Probability that persons p and q will be at the same hotel on a given day d is 1/100 × 1/100 × 10-5 = 10-9, since there are 100 hotels and each person stays in a hotel with probability 10-5 on any given day.
2) Probability that p and q will be at the same hotel on given days d1 and d2 is (10-9) × (10-9) = 10-18, since the events are independent.
Master Metering using your SCADA SystemSCADAmetrics
An educational presentation of the latest technology for integrating master flow meters into a SCADA system.
Three case studies are presented, each detailing a different SCADA communication backbone: FM Telemetry Radio-Modem, Cellular/GSM/GPRS Modem, and Extraterrestrial Satellite Modem.
The metered liquid in the case studies is potable water, although the technology is applicable to wastewater, oil, gas, steam, etc..
This document discusses energy management and provides tips for improving energy efficiency. It notes that the biggest energy wasters are fuel used for operations and HVAC systems, and electricity usage. Reasons to focus on energy efficiency include legal requirements, costs savings, and environmental impacts. The document recommends auditing current energy usage, focusing on easy fixes like policies and upgrades. Larger projects should be researched for costs and benefits. Tracking achievements can help motivate staff and stakeholders to continually improve energy management.
This document provides an introduction to machine learning. It begins with an agenda that lists topics such as introduction, theory, top 10 algorithms, recommendations, classification with naive Bayes, linear regression, clustering, principal component analysis, MapReduce, and conclusion. It then discusses what big data is and how data is accumulating at tremendous rates from various sources. It explains the volume, variety, and velocity aspects of big data. The document also provides examples of machine learning applications and discusses extracting insights from data using various algorithms. It discusses issues in machine learning like overfitting and underfitting data and the importance of testing algorithms. The document concludes that machine learning has vast potential but is very difficult to realize that potential as it requires strong mathematics skills.
SCADA systems are control system architectures used in industrial and infrastructural processes that use networked communications and GUIs for high-level process supervision and management. They implement distributed databases containing tags or points throughout the plant that represent input or output values monitored and controlled by the centralized SCADA system. Programmable logic controllers and remote terminal units connect to sensors and actuators in the process and are networked to the supervisory computer system. SCADA systems have evolved from early monolithic systems using minicomputers to modern distributed and networked systems that can leverage cloud computing and internet of things technologies. Security of SCADA systems is important as compromise could impact dependent infrastructure, though older systems were not designed with modern cybersecurity challenges
This document provides an overview of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It discusses what SCADA is, its architecture and components, functionality, and how it is used to control industrial processes. Security issues are also covered, along with the evolution of SCADA systems from early monolithic designs to modern distributed and networked architectures. The future of SCADA is described as incorporating more sophisticated capabilities through artificial intelligence and greater network integration.
SCADA.pptx supervisory control and data aquasitionRapidAcademy
The document discusses the history and components of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It describes how early SCADA systems involved direct connections between sensors and control panels, while modern systems involve remote terminal units, programmable logic controllers, telemetry, and computer software. The key components of a SCADA system include remote terminal units that interface with field sensors, communication systems to transfer data, master stations to display and control the system, and software for user interfaces, alarms, data storage and more.
We have a company that is based in mehsana for providing scada for asphalt batch mix plant, scada for asphalt drum mix plant, scada for concrete batch mix plant. we are the best for scada system. you can check more on <a href = "http://www.fpsscada.com"> fps scada</a>
This document discusses the application of SCADA systems for controlling electrical power system networks. It provides background on SCADA and describes how it is used to remotely operate, monitor, and control transmission and distribution systems in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Specifically, it notes that SCADA is used to control 132kV and 33kV circuit breakers and monitor daily operations, load management, and detect system faults to manage the overall power grid with minimal human supervision. It also gives an overview of the typical components of a SCADA system including RTUs, communication networks, and control servers.
The document discusses SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It provides definitions of key SCADA components and concepts, including RTUs, PLCs, HMIs, and protocols. It also outlines security challenges for SCADA systems given their critical infrastructure functions and discusses approaches to improving SCADA security.
Scada Industrial Control Systems Penetration Testing Yehia Mamdouh
Scada Industrial Control Systems Penetration Testing
Start from Types of Scada Networks, then Penetration testing, finally what Security should be follow
The document discusses penetration testing of SCADA industrial control systems. It begins with an overview of SCADA systems, including what they are, where they are used, benefits, and basic concepts like the communication between the SCADA server and RTUs/PLCs. It then covers SCADA protocols like Modbus and DNP3. The document outlines various attack vectors like denial of service attacks, unauthorized access, and vulnerabilities in common protocols. It proposes a penetration testing methodology that involves discovery, protocol analysis, data manipulation, and security recommendations like firewalls, IDS, and training to improve SCADA security.
Reliable, cheaper, and modular new scada 1Mohamed Zahran
The document proposes a new, more reliable, cheaper and modular SCADA system for wireless remote applications. It describes the typical architecture of SCADA systems including a Master Terminal Unit (MTU), Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) and a communication protocol. The proposed system uses an ATMEL microcontroller-based RTU with Ethernet connectivity, an open-source SCADA software on a laptop MTU, and a MODBUS communication protocol. It then provides details on the MTU, RTU and HMI software, and demonstrates the implementation of a two-RTU system with remote control of solar panels, concluding the proposed system is simpler, cheaper and more reliable than conventional PLC-based SCADA systems
n this PowerPoint, the elements of SCADA systems are explored in detail. The presentation covers key components such as human-machine interface (HMI), data acquisition units, communication networks, and data storage. It also discusses the role of each element in the overall SCADA system and their interaction for efficient process control.
SCADA systems are used to monitor and control equipment and processes in industries like oil/gas, water treatment, and manufacturing. They gather data in real-time from remote locations and send control commands back. SCADA has evolved through 3 generations from standalone monolithic systems to distributed systems on local networks to today's networked systems using open standards and wide area networks. Security issues need to be addressed like encrypting communications, securing devices, auditing networks, and implementing threat protection. The future of SCADA involves more sophisticated systems that can handle huge data volumes and territories with some having artificial intelligence capabilities.
This document provides a tutorial on SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It defines SCADA as a system that collects data from sensors measuring processes, transmits the data to central computers, and issues commands to remote terminal units to control processes. The document outlines the basic components of SCADA systems including sensors, remote terminal units, the master terminal unit, and the communications network. It also discusses modern SCADA features and provides an example of a SCADA system implementation in Egypt for electricity distribution.
The document discusses distributed control systems (DCS) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It provides an introduction and overview of key concepts for both DCS and SCADA. For DCS, it describes the components, functions, applications and how a DCS works. For SCADA, it outlines where SCADA is used, hardware and software architectures, and how SCADA systems function through data acquisition, communication, presentation and control.
SCADA (Supervisory Control & data Acquisation) PPTDeepeshK4
PowerPoint Presentation(PPT) on SCADA
This PPT includes:
* What is Scada
* Applications of Scada
* Need of Scada
* Components of Scada
* Objectives of Scada
* Why Scada is used/ Where is the SCADA system used
* What is controlled by SCADA in Power sysem
* Advantages & Disadvantages
* How SCADA works?
* Working Procedure of SCADA
Thanks for visiting my slide
SCADA Systems Vulnerabilities and Blockchain Technologyijtsrd
SCADA systems are one of the most important part of industrial operations. Before SCADA, plant personnel had to monitor and control industrial process via selector switches, pushbuttons and dials for analog signals. As manufacturing grew and sites became more remote, relays and timers were used to assist supervision. With the onset of technology and advent of network based protocols, these systems became more reliable, fast and it became easy to troubleshoot problems. Indeed progress also brings vulnerabilities, which was no new for SCADA. The IP protocols brought threat to the security of these systems. The devastation that cyber predators on SCADA can inflict, could be illustrated by the Stuxnet virus attack. This paper discusses what SCADA systems are, their uses, protocols being used by these systems, vulnerabilities and ways to combat those vulnerabilities. It focusses on the use of Blockchain Technology as a step in security of such systems. Diksha Chhonkar | Garima Pandey "SCADA Systems: Vulnerabilities and Blockchain Technology" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31586.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/31586/scada-systems-vulnerabilities-and-blockchain-technology/diksha-chhonkar
Design and simulation of remote monitoring of the intelligent automatic contr...IAESIJAI
In this research, we will introduce implementation requirements of a remote wireless control and monitoring unit of industrial production lines automatically controlled using programmable logic controller (PLC). PLC is capable of collecting different types of data and converting them into electrical signals that can be controlled by the industrial network using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. SCADA will be installed in the main server inside the control unit. The PLC will be used as a decision maker of the received signals for the industrial lines that comes from a group of detectors (sensors/transducers). The output of the PLC processor will trigger the engines, according to a specific industrial process management program. The processed data could be transferred through wireless or wired method. The wireless approach will be shown in this study, along with two other ways to implement it.
SCADA_SYSTEM in industrial automation .pptxViju Jigajinni
The document describes a SCADA system for monitoring and controlling a water distribution system. A SCADA system consists of a master system that communicates with remote terminal units to gather data on parameters like pressure, temperature, and water density. This allows for optimized functioning of the water distribution system. SCADA systems are regularly implemented in water industries to improve maintenance and ensure reliable and secure water supply to customers. The document discusses SCADA basics, components, architecture, evolution, applications, and concludes that SCADA technology reduces errors caused by humans in industrial monitoring and control.
SCADA_SYSTEM in Industrial Autiomation.pptxViju Jigajinni
The document describes a SCADA system for monitoring and controlling a water distribution system. A SCADA system consists of a master system that communicates with remote terminal units to gather data on parameters like pressure, temperature, and water density. This allows for optimized functioning of the water distribution system. SCADA systems are regularly implemented in water industries to improve maintenance and ensure reliable and secure water supply to customers. The document discusses SCADA basics, components, architecture, evolution, applications, and concludes that SCADA technology reduces errors caused by humans in industrial monitoring and control.
This document provides an overview of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. It discusses key components of SCADA including field instrumentation, remote stations, communication networks, and central monitoring stations. It also describes common SCADA configurations, modes of communication, and differences between SCADA and DCS systems. The goal is to introduce SCADA basics and provide context for those familiar and unfamiliar with these systems.
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The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence and natural language processing have significantly transformed human-computer interactions. This thesis presents the design, development, and evaluation of an intelligent chatbot capable of engaging in natural and meaningful conversations with users. The chatbot leverages state-of-the-art deep learning techniques, including transformer-based architectures, to understand and generate human-like responses.
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The findings of this thesis highlight the potential of intelligent chatbots to enhance user experience and provide valuable insights for future developments in conversational AI.
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Here is a detailed description of its parts and how to use it.
Social media management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
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An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a logical numeric address that is assigned to every single computer, printer, switch, router, tablets, smartphones or any other device that is part of a TCP/IP-based network.
Types of IP address-
Dynamic means "constantly changing “ .dynamic IP addresses aren't more powerful, but they can change.
Static means staying the same. Static. Stand. Stable. Yes, static IP addresses don't change.
Most IP addresses assigned today by Internet Service Providers are dynamic IP addresses. It's more cost effective for the ISP and you.
Understanding Cybersecurity Breaches: Causes, Consequences, and PreventionBert Blevins
Cybersecurity breaches are a growing threat in today’s interconnected digital landscape, affecting individuals, businesses, and governments alike. These breaches compromise sensitive information and erode trust in online services and systems. Understanding the causes, consequences, and prevention strategies of cybersecurity breaches is crucial to protect against these pervasive risks.
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compared various popular deep learning models, including MobileNetV2, Convolutional Neural Networks
(CNN), and DenseNet121, for binary classification of strawberry images. The accuracy achieved by
MobileNetV2 is 96.7%, CNN is 99.8%, and DenseNet121 is 93.6%. Through rigorous testing and analysis,
our results demonstrate that CNN outperforms the other models in this task. In the future, the deep
learning models can be evaluated on a richer and larger number of images (datasets) for better/improved
results.
Encontro anual da comunidade Splunk, onde discutimos todas as novidades apresentadas na conferência anual da Spunk, a .conf24 realizada em junho deste ano em Las Vegas.
Neste vídeo, trago os pontos chave do encontro, como:
- AI Assistant para uso junto com a SPL
- SPL2 para uso em Data Pipelines
- Ingest Processor
- Enterprise Security 8.0 (Maior atualização deste seu release)
- Federated Analytics
- Integração com Cisco XDR e Cisto Talos
- E muito mais.
Deixo ainda, alguns links com relatórios e conteúdo interessantes que podem ajudar no esclarecimento dos produtos e funções.
https://www.splunk.com/en_us/campaigns/the-hidden-costs-of-downtime.html
https://www.splunk.com/en_us/pdfs/gated/ebooks/building-a-leading-observability-practice.pdf
https://www.splunk.com/en_us/pdfs/gated/ebooks/building-a-modern-security-program.pdf
Nosso grupo oficial da Splunk:
https://usergroups.splunk.com/sao-paulo-splunk-user-group/
Unblocking The Main Thread - Solving ANRs and Frozen FramesSinan KOZAK
In the realm of Android development, the main thread is our stage, but too often, it becomes a battleground where performance issues arise, leading to ANRS, frozen frames, and sluggish Uls. As we strive for excellence in user experience, understanding and optimizing the main thread becomes essential to prevent these common perforrmance bottlenecks. We have strategies and best practices for keeping the main thread uncluttered. We'll examine the root causes of performance issues and techniques for monitoring and improving main thread health as wel as app performance. In this talk, participants will walk away with practical knowledge on enhancing app performance by mastering the main thread. We'll share proven approaches to eliminate real-life ANRS and frozen frames to build apps that deliver butter smooth experience.
Best Practices of Clothing Businesses in Talavera, Nueva Ecija, A Foundation ...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study primarily aimed to determine the best practices of clothing businesses to use it as a foundation of strategic business advancements. Moreover, the frequency with which the business's best practices are tracked, which best practices are the most targeted of the apparel firms to be retained, and how does best practices can be used as strategic business advancement. The respondents of the study is the owners of clothing businesses in Talavera, Nueva Ecija. Data were collected and analyzed using a quantitative approach and utilizing a descriptive research design. Unveiling best practices of clothing businesses as a foundation for strategic business advancement through statistical analysis: frequency and percentage, and weighted means analyzing the data in terms of identifying the most to the least important performance indicators of the businesses among all of the variables. Based on the survey conducted on clothing businesses in Talavera, Nueva Ecija, several best practices emerge across different areas of business operations. These practices are categorized into three main sections, section one being the Business Profile and Legal Requirements, followed by the tracking of indicators in terms of Product, Place, Promotion, and Price, and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) covering finance, marketing, production, technical, and distribution aspects. The research study delved into identifying the core best practices of clothing businesses, serving as a strategic guide for their advancement. Through meticulous analysis, several key findings emerged. Firstly, prioritizing product factors, such as maintaining optimal stock levels and maximizing customer satisfaction, was deemed essential for driving sales and fostering loyalty. Additionally, selecting the right store location was crucial for visibility and accessibility, directly impacting footfall and sales. Vigilance towards competitors and demographic shifts was highlighted as essential for maintaining relevance. Understanding the relationship between marketing spend and customer acquisition proved pivotal for optimizing budgets and achieving a higher ROI. Strategic analysis of profit margins across clothing items emerged as crucial for maximizing profitability and revenue. Creating a positive customer experience, investing in employee training, and implementing effective inventory management practices were also identified as critical success factors. In essence, these findings underscored the holistic approach needed for sustainable growth in the clothing business, emphasizing the importance of product management, marketing strategies, customer experience, and operational efficiency.
Response & Safe AI at Summer School of AI at IIITHIIIT Hyderabad
Talk covering Guardrails , Jailbreak, What is an alignment problem? RLHF, EU AI Act, Machine & Graph unlearning, Bias, Inconsistency, Probing, Interpretability, Bias
Response & Safe AI at Summer School of AI at IIITH
Scada system architecture, types and applications
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Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Know all about SCADA Systems
Architecture and Types with Applications
Advancements in Intelligent Instrumentation
and Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) /
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) have
made the process-control solutions in many of
the industries to be easily managed and
operated by utilizing the bene1ts of a SCADA
system. SCADA is popular in several
applications like process industries, oil and
gas, electric power generation, distribution and
utilities, water and waste control,
agriculture/irrigation, manufacturing,
transportation systems, and so on. Let us
know about the SCADA system‘s working
principle in brief from this article.
What is SCADA System?
SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition; it is an industrial computer-based control
system employed to gather and analyze the real-time data to keep track, monitor and control industrial
equipments in different types of industries. Consider the application of SCADA in power systems for
operation and control.
SCADA in power system can be de1ned as the power distribution application which is typically based on the
software package. The electrical distribution system consists of several substations; these substations will
have multiple numbers of controllers, sensors and operator-interface points.
SCADA System
In general, for controlling and monitoring a substation in real time (PLCs) Programmable Logic Controllers,
Circuit breakers and Power monitors are used. Data is transmitted from the PLCs and other devices to a
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computer-based-SCADA node located at each substation. One or more computers are located at different
centralized control and monitoring points.
SCADA system usage have became popular from the 1960s with the increase in need of monitoring and
controlling the equipment. Early systems built using mainframe computers were expensive as they were
manually operated and monitored. But the recent advancements in technology have made-advanced,
automated SCADA systems with maximum ef1ciency at reduced cost, according to the alarming
requirements of the company.
SCADA Basics
Before discussing about the architecture of SCADA and different types of SCADA systems, primarily we
must know a few SCADA basics. Consider the block diagram of SCADA system shown in the 1gure which
consists of different blocks, namely Human-machine Interface (HMI), Supervisory system, Remote terminal
units, PLCs, Communication infrastructure and SCADA Programming.
Basics of SCADA
1. Human-machine Interface (HMI)
It is an input-output device that presents the process data to be controlled by a human operator. It is used
by linking to the SCADA system’s software programs and databases for providing the management
information, including the scheduled maintenance procedures, detailed schematics, logistic information,
trending and diagnostic data for a speci1c sensor or machine. HMI systems facilitate the operating
personnel to see the information graphically.
Human-Machine Interface
2. Supervisory System
Supervisory system is used as server for communicating between the equipment of the SCADA system
such as RTUs, PLCs and sensors, etc., and the HMI software used in the control room workstations. Master
station or supervisory station comprises a single PC in smaller SCADA systems and, in case of larger
SCADA systems, supervisory system comprises distributed software applications, disaster recovery sites
and multiple servers. These multiple servers are con1gured in a hot-standby formation or dual-redundant,
which continuously controls and monitors in case of a server failure for increasing the integrity of the
system.
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3. Remote Terminal Units
Physical objects in the SCADA systems are interfaced with the microprocessor controlled electronic devices
called as Remote Terminal Units (RTUs). These units are used to transmit telemetry data to the supervisory
system and receive the messages from the master system for controlling the connected objects. Hence,
these are also called as Remote Telemetry Units.
4. Programmable Logic Controllers
In SCADA systems, PLCs are connected to the sensors for collecting the sensor output signals in order to
convert the sensor signals into digital data. PLCs are used instead of RTUs because of the advantages of
PLCs like ¹exibility, con1guration, versatile and affordability compared to RTUs.
Programmable Logic Controllers
5. Communication Infrastructure
Generally the combination of radio and direct wired connections is used for SCADA systems, but in case of
large systems like power stations and railways SONET/SDH are frequently used. Among the very compact
SCADA protocols used in SCADA systems – a few communication protocols, which are standardized and
recognized by SCADA vendors – send information only when the supervisory station polls the RTUs.
6. SCADA Programming
SCADA programming in a master or HMI is used for creating maps and diagrams which will give an
important situational information in case of an event failure or process failure. Standard interfaces are used
for programming most commercial SCADA systems. SCADA programming can be done using derived
programming language or C language.
Architecture of SCADA
Generally the SCADA system includes the following components: local processors, operating equipment,
PLCs, instruments, remote terminal unit, intelligent electronic device, master terminal unit or host
computers and a PC with human machine interface.
Architecture of SCADA
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The block diagram of SCADA system shown in the 1gure represents the basic SCADA architecture. The
SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) systems are different from distributed control systems
that are commonly found in plant sites. When distributed control systems cover the plant site, SCADA
system cover much larger geographic areas.
Above 1gure depicts an integrated SCADA architecture which supports TCP/IP, UDP and other IP based
communication protocols as well as industrial protocols like Modbus TCP, Modbus over TCP or Modbus
over UDP. These all work over cellular, private radio or satellite networks.
In complex SCADA architectures, there are a variety of wired and wireless media & protocols involved in
getting data back to the monitoring site. This allows implementation of powerful IP based SCADA networks
over landline, mixed cellular and satellite systems. SCADA communications can utilize a diverse range of
wired and wireless media.
The choice of the existing communication depends on the characterization of a number of factors. The
factors are remoteness, available communications at the remote sites, existing communications
infrastructure, polling frequency and data rates. These factors impact the 1nal decision for SCADA
architecture. Therefore, a review of SCADA systems evolution allows us to better understand many security
concerns.
4 Types of SCADA systems
There are different types of SCADA systems that can be considered as SCADA architectures of four
different generations:
1. First Generation: Monolithic or Early SCADA systems,
2. Second Generation: Distributed SCADA systems,
3. Third Generation: Networked SCADA systems and
4. Fourth Generation: Internet of things technology, SCADA systems
1. Monolithic or Early SCADA Systems
Minicomputers are used earlier for computing the SCADA systems. In earlier times, during the time of 1rst
generation, monolithic SCADA systems were developed wherein the common network services were not
available. Hence, these are independent systems without having any connectivity to other systems.
Monolithic or Early SCADA Systems
All the remote terminal unit sites would connect to a back-up mainframe system for achieving the 1rst
generation SCADA system redundancy, which was used in case of failure of the primary mainframe system.
The functions of the monolithic SCADA systems in the early 1rst generation were limited to monitoring
sensors in the system and ¹agging any operations in case of surpassing programmed alarm levels.
2. Distributed SCADA Systems
In the second generation, the sharing of control functions is distributed across the multiple systems
connected to each other using Local Area Network (LAN). Hence, these were termed as distributed SCADA
systems. These individual stations were used to share real-time information and command processing for
performing control tasks to trip the alarm levels of possible problems.
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Distributed SCADA Systems
The cost and size of the station were reduced compared to the 1rst generation system, as each system of
the second generation was responsible for performing a particular task with reduced size and cost. But
even in the second generation systems also the network protocols were not standardized. The security of
the SCADA installation was determined by a very few people beyond the developers, as the protocols were
proprietary. But generally the security of the SCADA installation was ignored.
3. Networked SCADA Systems
The current SCADA systems are generally networked and communicate using Wide Area Network (WAN)
Systems over data lines or phone. These systems use Ethernet or Fiber Optic Connections for transmitting
data between the nodes frequently. These third generation SCADA systems use Programmable Logic
Controllers (PLC) for monitoring and adjusting the routine ¹agging operators only in case of major decisions
requirement.
Networked SCADA Systems
The 1rst and second generation SCADA systems are limited to single site networks or single building called
as sealed systems. In these systems, we can not have any risk compared to the third generation SCADA
system which are connected to the internet causing the security risks. There will be several parallel working
distributed SCADA systems under a single supervisor in network architecture.
4. Internet of Things
In fourth generation, the infrastructure cost of the SCADA systems is reduced by adopting the internet of
things technology with the commercially available cloud computing. The maintenance and integration is
also very easy for the fourth generation compared to the earlier SCADA systems.
Internet of Things
These SCADA systems are able to report state in real time by using the horizontal scale from the cloud
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computing facility; thus, more complex control algorithms can be implemented which are practically
suf1cient to implement on traditional PLCs.
The security risks in case of decentralized SCADA implementations such as a heterogonous mix of
proprietary network protocols can be surpassed using the open network protocols such as TLS inherent in
the internet of things which will provide comprehendible and manageable security boundary.
Applications of SCADA
SCADA systems are used for monitoring a variety of data like ¹ows, currents, voltages, pressures,
temperatures, water levels, and etc., in various industries. If the system detects any abnormal conditions
from any monitoring data, then the alarms at the central or remote sites will be triggered for alerting the
operators through HMI.
There are numerous applications of SCADA systems, but a few most frequently used SCADA applications
include:
1. Manufacturing Industries
2. Waste Water Treatment and Distribution Plants
3. SCADA in Power System
1. SCADA In Manufacturing Industries
In manufacturing industries the regular processes like running the production systems to meet the
productivity targets, checking the number of units produced and counting the completed stages of
operations along with temperatures at various stages of the manufacturing process, and so on, are taken
care by using the SCADA application.
2. SCADA Application in Waste Water Treatment and Distribution Plants
Wastewater treatment plants are of different types such as surface-water treatment and a well water
treatment system in which many control systems and automation processes are involved in water
treatment and distribution systems. SCADA systems are used for controlling the automatic operations of
the equipment used like backwashing the 1lters based on the hours of working or amount of water ¹ow
through the 1lters.
Waste Water Treatment and Distribution Plants
In distribution plants the water tank levels, pressure of system, temperature of plant, sedimentation,
1ltration, chemical treatment and other parameters or processes are controlled using the SCADA
applications such as PLCs, PC based workstations which are connected each other using Local Area
Network (LAN) such as Ethernet.
3. SCADA in Power System
Power system can be de1ned as constituent of power generation, transmission and distribution. All these
sectors are needed to be monitored regularly for improving the system ef1ciency. Thus, the application of
SCADA in power system improves the overall ef1ciency of the system by providing the supervision and
control over the generation, transmission and distribution systems. SCADA in the power system network
increases the system’s reliability and stability for integrated grid operation.
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SCADA in Power System
Wireless SCADA
In large scale industries like power plants, steel plants and so on, many processes and operations such as
movement of conveyer belts for coal or product transport, boiler heat temperature, etc. are to be monitored
continuously and there is need to control the factors affecting these parameters. So, application of wireless
SCADA will provide better control over the required control systems and operations.
Wireless SCADA Block Diagram by Edgefxkits.com
In this project 2.4 GHz wireless transmitter and USB receiver are used for sending and receiving the data
collected from the temperature sensors which interface with 8051 microcontroller. If the temperature goes
beyond the set limit whether the low limit or high limit, then the microcontroller sends commands to the
relays to turn on or off based on the command signal.
Monitoring and controlling of multiple operations in maximum number of industries are being automatically
controlled by most advanced SCADA technology implementations. Already we are observing that many
industrial operations are automatically controlled using the application of SCADA system technology, but
still many researchers are working to develop more ef1cient SCADA systems for adopting full automatic
control of all types of industrial operations. Having any queries and ideas? Post your comments in the
comment section below for any technical help for implementing your ideas to develop real time projects.
Photo Credits:
SCADA System by synergistscada
Human-machine Interface by directindustry
Programmable Logic Controllers by openelectrical
Architecture of SCADA by protogenist
Internet of Things by ee.ethz
Waste Water Treatment and Distribution Plants by prizmaotomasyon