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Istio - A service mesh on
Kubernetes
Chandresh Pancholi
About Me
● Senior Developer at Arvind Internet
● Committer at Apache software foundation
● Ex-Flipkart Engineer
● Occasional technical book reviewer
Email: chandresh.pancholi@arvindinternet.com
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/chandresh-pancholi-467a8015
Microservices Architecture
Microservice Architecture - is an architectural style that structures an
application as a collection of loosely coupled services, which implement
business capabilities. The microservice architecture enables the
continuous delivery/deployment of large, complex applications. It also
enables an organization to evolve its technology stack.
Source: http://microservices.io/
What do we need in Microservices?
● Service discovery → Netflix Eureka
● Monitoring → Netflix Hystrix dashboard or Turbine
● Tracing → Zipkin
● Routing → Netflix Ribbon
● Security → OAuth 2.0 with OpenId connect
● Traffic management → Load Balancer
● Rate Limiting
● Circuit Breaking → Netflix Hystrix

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Service Service Service Service Service Service
Issues
● Single point of failures
● Need to manage routing roles
● Kong clustering on Kubernetes
● Cascading affects when one Kong pod goes down
● A/B Testing, Canary deployment, Tracing
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Istio - A Service Mesh
Service Mesh - "A decentralized application-networking infrastructure
between your services that provides security, resiliency, observability, and
routing control”.
Istio - “An open platform to connect, manage, and secure microservices.”
Istio is build and managed by Google, IBM, Lyft
Istio Architecture
An Istio service mesh is logically split into a data plane and a control plane.
Data plane is composed of a set of intelligent proxies (Envoy) deployed as
sidecars that mediate and control all network communication between
microservices.
Control plane is responsible for managing and configuring proxies to route
traffic, as well as enforcing policies at runtime. Example Pilot, Mixer, Istio-
Auth

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Source: istio.io
Istio Components
● Envoy
● Istio Pilot
● Istio Mixer
Envoy
Envoy proxy, a high-performance proxy developed in C++, to mediate all
inbound and outbound traffic for all services in the service mesh.
Istio leverages Envoy’s many built-in features such as dynamic service
discovery, load balancing, TLS termination, HTTP/2 & gRPC proxying,
circuit breakers, health checks, staged rollouts with %-based traffic split,
fault injection, and rich metrics.
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Monoliths and Microservices
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Should you choose a microservices architecture over a monolith? What are the pros and cons in reality.

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Inject sidecar container
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Route rule
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Istio a service mesh

  • 1. Istio - A service mesh on Kubernetes Chandresh Pancholi
  • 2. About Me ● Senior Developer at Arvind Internet ● Committer at Apache software foundation ● Ex-Flipkart Engineer ● Occasional technical book reviewer Email: chandresh.pancholi@arvindinternet.com Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/chandresh-pancholi-467a8015
  • 3. Microservices Architecture Microservice Architecture - is an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services, which implement business capabilities. The microservice architecture enables the continuous delivery/deployment of large, complex applications. It also enables an organization to evolve its technology stack. Source: http://microservices.io/
  • 4. What do we need in Microservices? ● Service discovery → Netflix Eureka ● Monitoring → Netflix Hystrix dashboard or Turbine ● Tracing → Zipkin ● Routing → Netflix Ribbon ● Security → OAuth 2.0 with OpenId connect ● Traffic management → Load Balancer ● Rate Limiting ● Circuit Breaking → Netflix Hystrix
  • 5. Earlier Architect API Gateway (Kong) Service Service Service Service Service Service
  • 6. Issues ● Single point of failures ● Need to manage routing roles ● Kong clustering on Kubernetes ● Cascading affects when one Kong pod goes down ● A/B Testing, Canary deployment, Tracing ● Difficult to upgrade Kong
  • 7. Istio - A Service Mesh Service Mesh - "A decentralized application-networking infrastructure between your services that provides security, resiliency, observability, and routing control”. Istio - “An open platform to connect, manage, and secure microservices.” Istio is build and managed by Google, IBM, Lyft
  • 8. Istio Architecture An Istio service mesh is logically split into a data plane and a control plane. Data plane is composed of a set of intelligent proxies (Envoy) deployed as sidecars that mediate and control all network communication between microservices. Control plane is responsible for managing and configuring proxies to route traffic, as well as enforcing policies at runtime. Example Pilot, Mixer, Istio- Auth
  • 10. Istio Components ● Envoy ● Istio Pilot ● Istio Mixer
  • 11. Envoy Envoy proxy, a high-performance proxy developed in C++, to mediate all inbound and outbound traffic for all services in the service mesh. Istio leverages Envoy’s many built-in features such as dynamic service discovery, load balancing, TLS termination, HTTP/2 & gRPC proxying, circuit breakers, health checks, staged rollouts with %-based traffic split, fault injection, and rich metrics.
  • 14. Inject sidecar container kubectl apply -f <(istioctl kube-inject -f application.yaml )
  • 17. Demo