Preventing hard disk firmware manipulation attack and disaster recovery by Dai Shimogaito

The document provides information about hard disk drives (HDDs). It discusses that HDDs store data on rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic material. The first HDD introduced in 1956 was the size of two refrigerators and stored 3.75 MB. Key components of modern HDDs include disks, read/write heads, and electric motors. Common interfaces are EIDE, SATA, and SCSI. HDD performance is impacted by latency and data transfer rates. Popular vendors include Seagate, Western Digital, and Toshiba. Future developments may increase 3.5" desktop drive capacities to 12 TB by 2016.

The document discusses hard disk drives (HDDs), which are non-volatile storage devices that retain data even without power. It describes HDD components like platters, read/write heads, actuators, and logic boards. It explains how data is stored on HDDs using tracks, sectors, and clusters. It also covers HDD interfaces, controllers, partitioning, file systems, and the read/write process.

1. A hard disk drive is a data storage device that stores information in 0s and 1s on magnetic platters. 2. It contains platters, read/write heads, and motors that allow it to read and write data to the spinning platters. 3. Hard disk drive capacity is measured in gigabytes or terabytes and depends on the number of platters, tracks, sectors, and bytes per sector.

This document lists and briefly describes the main hardware components of a computer system. It includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM, keyboard, mouse, monitor, and various storage drives like floppy disk drives, CD-ROM drives, hard disk drives, and DVD drives. The motherboard contains connectors for additional components and controllers to interface with peripheral devices. RAM provides temporary storage while the computer is on. Hard disks provide high-capacity permanent storage. DVD and CD drives can read optical discs for data access or multimedia playback.

This document discusses the components and structure of a hard disk drive. It begins by defining a hard disk drive as a data storage device that uses rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic material to store and retrieve data in a random access manner. The key components of a hard disk drive are then outlined, including disk platters, stepper motors, spindle motors, read/write heads, and arms. The document also explains the disk structure of tracks, sectors, and cylinders. It concludes by noting how hard disks have revolutionized data storage and the digital age.

The document discusses customer churn risk and how to develop predictive churn models. It defines risk as having two components: uncertainty and exposure to that uncertainty. When building a churn model, the key steps are: defining active vs churned customers, selecting relevant customer data, analyzing characteristics to identify predictors, developing a predictive score using methods like logistic regression, and evaluating the model's ability to identify customers likely to churn. The goal of a churn model is to provide insights for preventing churn, not just statistical precision.

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Hard Disk Drives (HDD) have a hidden space for storing data. If malicious software is stored in this hidden area, it could lead to attacking computers even if they are air-gapped. By abusing surplus space of HDD, such cyber attack against off-line industrial control systems could become possible. Moreover, the software or any data in this hidden space can survive against formatting, OS reinstallation, malware destruction software and any conventional cybersecurity framework. Let us call it "PARADAIS" While the PARADAIS stays unactivated, LBAs are not mapped to the hidden data area. Therefore, even if the HDD is wiped several times such as 3-pass, 7-pass or 35-pass, it remains there as it is. There has been no way to detect or erase the unidentified software at PARADAIS in advance when the HDD had been modified prior to your purchase or its installation. However, new solutions are being discovered by my ongoing research. Who can predict that Windows OS may boot after the HDD is wiped by Enhanced Secure Erase ? It would be you at CODEBLUE2016. The 2nd part of my presentation would be on DATA RECOVERY from HDD the platter surface of which has been damaged because of head crash, natural disaster or intentional destruction at crime scenes. Survey results of 12 cases show how effective the disk surface cleaning by DDRH was. --- Dai Shimogaito He has been researching and developing state-of-the-art data recovery technology for malfunctioning HDDs which had suffered platter damage from head crash, natural disaster and crime. Dai, as a digital forensic investigator, has also examined digital evidences of murder, abandonment of corpse, internal corporate fraud, and labor management problems and been cooperating with law enforcement and lawyers. Moreover, as a cyber security researcher, he has been a speaker at CODEBLUE, Matcha139 Workshop, seminars for law enforcement and cyber security companies and HTCIA International Conference & Training Expo ( Aug 2016 ).

Why SSD drive need to have Power Loss Data Protection? And What's the principle of Power Loss Data Protection?

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a technology that combines multiple disk drive components into a logical unit to improve performance and/or provide redundancy. It distributes data across multiple disks to increase performance and improve reliability. Different RAID levels offer varying degrees of performance and fault tolerance based on how data and redundant information are striped and mirrored across disks. Common RAID levels include RAID 0, 1, 5 and 6.

Solid state drives (SSDs) are storage devices that use flash memory instead of spinning disks. They have no moving parts, faster read/write speeds, and better durability than traditional hard disk drives (HDDs). SSDs use NAND flash memory chips that can store data in single-level cells (SLC), multi-level cells (MLC), or triple-level cells (TLC). SLC provides the best performance and endurance but at a higher cost, while TLC has the lowest cost but lower endurance. SSDs have advantages over HDDs such as faster speeds, lower power consumption, and insensitivity to fragmentation. However, SSDs also have higher costs per gigabyte and limited

This document provides guidance on practical issues that may be encountered when attempting to perform do-it-yourself (DIY) RAID recovery. It discusses system requirements, including both software requirements like sufficient memory and CPU as well as hardware requirements such as ensuring the power supply can support additional disks. It also covers best practices such as avoiding system reboots during recovery and connecting disks directly via SATA for maximum performance rather than through USB, which can significantly slow recovery times.

Dolphin Data Recovery Training Map 2019.More professional, more detailed and more helpful to your data recovery business！

This document discusses RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) and RAID recovery. It begins by introducing RAID and describing different RAID levels. It then discusses common causes of RAID failure like hardware failure, power outages, and viruses. The document concludes by outlining steps for RAID recovery, including imaging failed disks, using data recovery software or professional RAID recovery services, and rebuilding the RAID array.

Ben Prusinski is presenting on Oracle R12 E-Business Suite performance tuning. He will cover methodology, best practices, and techniques from basic to advanced. The presentation includes tuning at the infrastructure, application, and database levels with a focus on a holistic approach. Specific areas that will be discussed are concurrent manager tuning including queue size, sleep cycle, cache size, and number of processes.

This article discusses the different firmware modules found on Seagate hard drives, including the APP, Cert, Cert table, and ATA modules located on the platters' service area or firmware area, as well as the ROM module located on the PCB. It notes that Seagate drives can operate in both normal and safe modes, and describes some of the functional differences between the two modes. The article also announces that Dolphin Data Lab will soon release the DFL-STII Seagate hard drive firmware repair tool to repair and recover drives with unique functions not found in other Seagate repair tools.

SeaTools for DOS is a diagnostic tool that tests Seagate and Maxtor hard disk drives from DOS. It includes several tests to examine the physical media and detect any issues. The document provides instructions on booting from the SeaTools CD, selecting drives and tests to run, interpreting test results, and options for secure erasing or setting drive capacity. Key features include the short and long tests to check for defects, fixing bad sectors if found, and providing a SeaTools test code for warranty claims if a drive fails.

Design Tradeoffs for SSD Performance discusses the key differences between rotating disks and solid state drives (SSDs) and important tradeoffs in SSD design. SSDs have no moving parts but operate differently than disks due to the nature of flash memory. SSD performance is impacted by write amplification from log-structured writing and wear from flash block erasure. Maximizing parallelism through techniques like striping and interleaving is important to improve SSD throughput. Wear-leveling is also critical to ensure even wear across flash blocks and avoid premature device failure.

This document discusses disk I/O performance testing tools. It introduces SQLIO and IOMETER for measuring disk throughput, latency, and IOPS. Examples are provided for running SQLIO tests and interpreting the output, including metrics like throughput in MB/s, latency in ms, and I/O histograms. Other disk performance factors discussed include the number of outstanding I/Os, block size, and sequential vs random access patterns.

This document discusses best practices for migrating database workloads to Azure Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Some key points include: - Choosing the appropriate VM series like E or M series optimized for database workloads. - Using availability zones and geo-redundant storage for high availability and disaster recovery. - Sizing storage correctly based on the database's input/output needs and using premium SSDs where needed. - Migrating existing monitoring and management tools to the cloud to provide familiarity and automating tasks like backups, patching, and problem resolution.

Watch the full webinar here: http://bit.ly/1TUuUCK When considering flash storage, there are many misconceptions and outright myths. Especially when equating consumer-grade flash (USB sticks) to enterprise-grade SSDs. In this webinar SanDisk Chief Architect, Adam Roberts, will discuss 5 myths of flash storage and highlight what you need to look out for when choosing a storage device to accelerate your data center storage. This webinar will cover: 1.Data Protection 2.Power Fail Protection 3.Temperature Throttling/Overheating 4.QoS for Performance 5.SSD Endurance Stay tuned for future webinars which will look at the benefits of flash beyond performance��busting a few more myths on flash.

This document provides an overview of different storage devices and their key components. It discusses floppy disk drives, hard disk drives, solid state drives, optical drives like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-Ray. For hard disk drives, it describes the platters, read/write heads, actuator assembly, spindle motor, connectors, jumpers, logic board, integrated cache, and disk geometry including heads, cylinders, sectors per track, and write precompensation. It also discusses different hard disk interface types like PATA, SATA, SCSI, and identifies their data buses.

One of the most important things you can do to improve the performance of your flash/SSDs with Aerospike is to properly prepare them. This Presentation goes through how to select, test, and prepare the drives so that you will get the best performance and lifetime out of them.

The document provides information about the Seagate BarraCuda 3.5-inch hard disk drives (HDDs), including key specifications and features. The drives are available in capacities up to 8TB and are suitable for desktop PCs, home servers, and direct-attached storage devices. They offer reliable performance for over 20 years through advanced power modes and a SATA 6Gb/s interface. Optional Seagate Secure models provide hardware-based encryption and secure erase features.

This document provides a comparison of IBM FlashSystem technology versus solid state drive (SSD) technology. It discusses how IBM FlashSystem uses advanced flash management techniques like heat segregation, health binning, data scrubbing, and dynamic read voltage shifting to improve endurance and reliability compared to SSDs. It also describes IBM's variable striped RAID and 2-dimensional RAID architectures that enhance data protection over SSD solutions.

- Database servers like MySQL perform best when data is stored in memory, so allocating more memory is important for performance. If data needs to be retrieved from disk, it is much slower than from memory. - Hardware configuration like disks, storage controllers, and RAID setup impact performance. SSDs can provide faster access times than HDDs. - Proper user privileges and login security are important to restrict access in MySQL. Tools like MySQL Workbench can help manage roles and privileges.

It started with computer hacking and Japanese linguistics as a kid. Zach Mathis has been based in Kobe, Japan, and has performed both red team services as well as blue team incident response and defense consultation for major Japanese global Japanese corporations since 2006. He is the founder of Yamato Security, one of the largest and most popular hands-on security communities in Japan, and has been providing free training since 2012 to help improve the local security community. Since 2016, he has been teaching security for the SANS institute and holds numerous GIAC certifications. Currently, he is working with other Yamato security members to provide free and open-source security tools to help security analysts with their work.

An expert in mobile network security provided a summary of hacking 5G networks. Some key points include: 1) Standard IT security techniques uncovered issues when applied to upgraded legacy 4G networks, such as unpatched operating systems, weak configurations, and lack of encryption. 2) Future 5G networks introduce new security risks due to increased complexity from virtualization and automation layers, as well as a continuously evolving attack surface extending into cloud infrastructure. 3) Red team exercises show that hacking mobile networks has become a multi-step process, where initial access through one vulnerability can enable lateral movement and privilege escalation to compromise critical systems or customer data.

Printer has become one of the essential devices in the corporate intranet for the past few years, and its functionalities have also increased significantly. Not only print or fax, cloud printing services like AirPrint are also being supported as well to make it easier to use. Direct printing from mobile devices is now a basic requirement in the IoT era. We also use it to print some internal business documents of the company, which makes it even more important to keep the printer safe. Nowadays, most of the printers on the market do not have to be connected with USB or traditional cable. As long as you are using a LAN cable connected to the intranet, the computer can find and use the printer immediately. Most of them are based on protocols such as SLP and LLMNR. But is it really safe when vendors adopt those protocols? Furthermore, many printers do not use traditional Linux systems, but use RTOS(Real-Time Operating System) instead, how will this affect the attacker? In this talk, we will use Canon ImageCLASS MF644Cdw and HP Color LaserJet Pro MFP M283fdw as case study, showing how to analyze and gain control access to the printer. We will also demonstrate how to use the vulnerabilities to achieve RCE in RTOS in unauthenticated situations.

While hackers have known the importance of sharing research to improve security for years, the importance of coordinated vulnerability disclosure is increasingly recognized by governments around the world. The principals of disclosure an protecting security researchers are common across borders, but different countries have some key differences. This panel will present a global perspective that may in turn inform key public policy and company behavior. ENISA has published 'Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure policies in the EU' in April 2022 . This report not only provides an objective introduction to the current state of coordinated vulnerability disclosure policies in the Member States of the European Union, but also introduces the operation of vulnerability disclosure in China, Japan and the USA. Based on these findings, the desirable and good practice elements of a coordinated vulnerability disclosure process are examined, followed by a discussion of the challenges and issues. This session aims to share the contents of this report and clarify the challenges and future direction of operations in Japan, as well as national security and vulnerability handling issues in the US, in a panel discussion with representatives from various jurisdictions. The panelists are involved in the practice of early warning partnership notified bodies in Japan, the authors of the above report in Europe and the contributors to the above report in the US. In Japan, the issues of system awareness, incentives, increase in the number of outstanding cases in handling and so-called triage in handling vulnerabilities will be introduced. From the United States, the Vulnerabilities Equities Process for National Security and the publication of a non-prosecution policy for vulnerability research will be introduced, as well as a historical background on the issue. The aim is that the panel discussion will enable the audience to understand the international situation surrounding CVD, as well as future trends, in particular the important role of vulnerability in cybersecurity and the challenges faced by society around it.

ハッカーたちの間では、セキュリティ向上のために研究を共有することの重要性が何年も前から知られていた。一方、協調して脆弱性を開示することの重要性も、世界中の政府によってますます認識されるようになってきた。情報開示とセキュリティ研究者の保護という原則は国境を越えて共通であるものの、国によって重要な違いがある。本パネルでは、重要な公共政策や企業の行動に影響を与える可能性のあるグローバルな視点を提示する。 ENISAは、2022年4月に「EUにおける脆弱性開示政策の調整」を発表した。本報告書では、EU加盟国における脆弱性開示の協調政策の現状を客観的に紹介するだけでなく、中国、日本、米国における脆弱性開示の運用を紹介している。それらを踏まえて、協調的な脆弱性開示プロセスに望ましい要素やベストプラクティスの要素を検討し、その後、課題や問題点について議論する予定。 本報告書の内容を共有し、日本における運用の課題と今後の方向性、米国における国家安全保障と脆弱性対応の課題を、各法域の代表者とのパネルディスカッションで明らかにすることを目的としています。 パネリストは、日本では早期警戒パートナーシップ通知機関の実務に携わる方々、欧州では上記報告書の執筆者、米国では上記報告書の寄稿者 日本では、脆弱性対応における体制意識、インセンティブ、未処理案件の増加、いわゆるトリアージなどの課題が紹介される予定 米国からは、国家安全保障のための脆弱性情報の開示方針（Vulnerabilities Equities Process）、脆弱性研究の不起訴方針の公表などを紹介するとともに、この問題の歴史的背景を紹介する。 パネルディスカッションを通じて、脆弱性開示政策を取り巻く国際情勢や今後の動向、特にサイバーセキュリティにおける脆弱性の重要な役割とそれを取り巻く社会が抱える課題について参加者に理解していただくことを目的とする。

While hackers have known the importance of sharing research to improve security for years, the importance of coordinated vulnerability disclosure is increasingly recognized by governments around the world. The principals of disclosure an protecting security researchers are common across borders, but different countries have some key differences. This panel will present a global perspective that may in turn inform key public policy and company behavior. ENISA has published 'Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure policies in the EU' in April 2022 . This report not only provides an objective introduction to the current state of coordinated vulnerability disclosure policies in the Member States of the European Union, but also introduces the operation of vulnerability disclosure in China, Japan and the USA. Based on these findings, the desirable and good practice elements of a coordinated vulnerability disclosure process are examined, followed by a discussion of the challenges and issues. This session aims to share the contents of this report and clarify the challenges and future direction of operations in Japan, as well as national security and vulnerability handling issues in the US, in a panel discussion with representatives from various jurisdictions. The panelists are involved in the practice of early warning partnership notified bodies in Japan, the authors of the above report in Europe and the contributors to the above report in the US. In Japan, the issues of system awareness, incentives, increase in the number of outstanding cases in handling and so-called triage in handling vulnerabilities will be introduced. From the United States, the Vulnerabilities Equities Process for National Security and the publication of a non-prosecution policy for vulnerability research will be introduced, as well as a historical background on the issue.

ハッカーたちの間では、セキュリティ向上のために研究を共有することの重要性が何年も前から知られていた。一方、協調して脆弱性を開示することの重要性も、世界中の政府によってますます認識されるようになってきた。情報開示とセキュリティ研究者の保護という原則は国境を越えて共通であるものの、国によって重要な違いがある。本パネルでは、重要な公共政策や企業の行動に影響を与える可能性のあるグローバルな視点を提示する。 ENISAは、2022年4月に「EUにおける脆弱性開示政策の調整」を発表した。本報告書では、EU加盟国における脆弱性開示の協調政策の現状を客観的に紹介するだけでなく、中国、日本、米国における脆弱性開示の運用を紹介している。それらを踏まえて、協調的な脆弱性開示プロセスに望ましい要素やベストプラクティスの要素を検討し、その後、課題や問題点について議論する予定。 本報告書の内容を共有し、日本における運用の課題と今後の方向性、米国における国家安全保障と脆弱性対応の課題を、各法域の代表者とのパネルディスカッションで明らかにすることを目的としています。 パネリストは、日本では早期警戒パートナーシップ通知機関の実務に携わる方々、欧州では上記報告書の執筆者、米国では上記報告書の寄稿者 日本では、脆弱性対応における体制意識、インセンティブ、未処理案件の増加、いわゆるトリアージなどの課題が紹介される予定 米国からは、国家安全保障のための脆弱性情報の開示方針（Vulnerabilities Equities Process）、脆弱性研究の不起訴方針の公表などを紹介するとともに、この問題の歴史的背景を紹介する。 パネルディスカッションを通じて、脆弱性開示政策を取り巻く国際情勢や今後の動向、特にサイバーセキュリティにおける脆弱性の重要な役割とそれを取り巻く社会が抱える課題について参加者に理解していただくことを目的とする。

While hackers have known the importance of sharing research to improve security for years, the importance of coordinated vulnerability disclosure is increasingly recognized by governments around the world. The principals of disclosure an protecting security researchers are common across borders, but different countries have some key differences. This panel will present a global perspective that may in turn inform key public policy and company behavior. ENISA has published 'Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure policies in the EU' in April 2022 . This report not only provides an objective introduction to the current state of coordinated vulnerability disclosure policies in the Member States of the European Union, but also introduces the operation of vulnerability disclosure in China, Japan and the USA. Based on these findings, the desirable and good practice elements of a coordinated vulnerability disclosure process are examined, followed by a discussion of the challenges and issues. This session aims to share the contents of this report and clarify the challenges and future direction of operations in Japan, as well as national security and vulnerability handling issues in the US, in a panel discussion with representatives from various jurisdictions. The panelists are involved in the practice of early warning partnership notified bodies in Japan, the authors of the above report in Europe and the contributors to the above report in the US. In Japan, the issues of system awareness, incentives, increase in the number of outstanding cases in handling and so-called triage in handling vulnerabilities will be introduced. From the United States, the Vulnerabilities Equities Process for National Security and the publication of a non-prosecution policy for vulnerability research will be introduced, as well as a historical background on the issue. The aim is that the panel discussion will enable the audience to understand the international situation surrounding CVD, as well as future trends, in particular the important role of vulnerability in cybersecurity and the challenges faced by society around it.

ハッカーたちの間では、セキュリティ向上のために研究を共有することの重要性が何年も前から知られていた。一方、協調して脆弱性を開示することの重要性も、世界中の政府によってますます認識されるようになってきた。情報開示とセキュリティ研究者の保護という原則は国境を越えて共通であるものの、国によって重要な違いがある。本パネルでは、重要な公共政策や企業の行動に影響を与える可能性のあるグローバルな視点を提示する。 ENISAは、2022年4月に「EUにおける脆弱性開示政策の調整」を発表した。本報告書では、EU加盟国における脆弱性開示の協調政策の現状を客観的に紹介するだけでなく、中国、日本、米国における脆弱性開示の運用を紹介している。それらを踏まえて、協調的な脆弱性開示プロセスに望ましい要素やベストプラクティスの要素を検討し、その後、課題や問題点について議論する予定。 本報告書の内容を共有し、日本における運用の課題と今後の方向性、米国における国家安全保障と脆弱性対応の課題を、各法域の代表者とのパネルディスカッションで明らかにすることを目的としています。 パネリストは、日本では早期警戒パートナーシップ通知機関の実務に携わる方々、欧州では上記報告書の執筆者、米国では上記報告書の寄稿者 日本では、脆弱性対応における体制意識、インセンティブ、未処理案件の増加、いわゆるトリアージなどの課題が紹介される予定 米国からは、国家安全保障のための脆弱性情報の開示方針（Vulnerabilities Equities Process）、脆弱性研究の不起訴方針の公表などを紹介するとともに、この問題の歴史的背景を紹介する。 パネルディスカッションを通じて、脆弱性開示政策を取り巻く国際情勢や今後の動向、特にサイバーセキュリティにおける脆弱性の重要な役割とそれを取り巻く社会が抱える課題について参加者に理解していただくことを目的とする。

While hackers have known the importance of sharing research to improve security for years, the importance of coordinated vulnerability disclosure is increasingly recognized by governments around the world. The principals of disclosure an protecting security researchers are common across borders, but different countries have some key differences. This panel will present a global perspective that may in turn inform key public policy and company behavior. ENISA has published 'Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure policies in the EU' in April 2022 . This report not only provides an objective introduction to the current state of coordinated vulnerability disclosure policies in the Member States of the European Union, but also introduces the operation of vulnerability disclosure in China, Japan and the USA. Based on these findings, the desirable and good practice elements of a coordinated vulnerability disclosure process are examined, followed by a discussion of the challenges and issues. This session aims to share the contents of this report and clarify the challenges and future direction of operations in Japan, as well as national security and vulnerability handling issues in the US, in a panel discussion with representatives from various jurisdictions. The panelists are involved in the practice of early warning partnership notified bodies in Japan, the authors of the above report in Europe and the contributors to the above report in the US. In Japan, the issues of system awareness, incentives, increase in the number of outstanding cases in handling and so-called triage in handling vulnerabilities will be introduced. From the United States, the Vulnerabilities Equities Process for National Security and the publication of a non-prosecution policy for vulnerability research will be introduced, as well as a historical background on the issue. The aim is that the panel discussion will enable the audience to understand the international situation surrounding CVD, as well as future trends, in particular the important role of vulnerability in cybersecurity and the challenges faced by society around it.

ハッカーたちの間では、セキュリティ向上のために研究を共有することの重要性が何年も前から知られていた。一方、協調して脆弱性を開示することの重要性も、世界中の政府によってますます認識されるようになってきた。情報開示とセキュリティ研究者の保護という原則は国境を越えて共通であるものの、国によって重要な違いがある。本パネルでは、重要な公共政策や企業の行動に影響を与える可能性のあるグローバルな視点を提示する。 ENISAは、2022年4月に「EUにおける脆弱性開示政策の調整」を発表した。本報告書では、EU加盟国における脆弱性開示の協調政策の現状を客観的に紹介するだけでなく、中国、日本、米国における脆弱性開示の運用を紹介している。それらを踏まえて、協調的な脆弱性開示プロセスに望ましい要素やベストプラクティスの要素を検討し、その後、課題や問題点について議論する予定。 本報告書の内容を共有し、日本における運用の課題と今後の方向性、米国における国家安全保障と脆弱性対応の課題を、各法域の代表者とのパネルディスカッションで明らかにすることを目的としています。 パネリストは、日本では早期警戒パートナーシップ通知機関の実務に携わる方々、欧州では上記報告書の執筆者、米国では上記報告書の寄稿者 日本では、脆弱性対応における体制意識、インセン��ィブ、未処理案件の増加、いわゆるトリアージなどの課題が紹介される予定 米国からは、国家安全保障のための脆弱性情報の開示方針（Vulnerabilities Equities Process）、脆弱性研究の不起訴方針の公表などを紹介するとともに、この問題の歴史的背景を紹介する。 パネルディスカッションを通じて、脆弱性開示政策を取り巻く国際情勢や今後の動向、特にサイバーセキュリティにおける脆弱性の重要な役割とそれを取り巻く社会が抱える課題について参加者に理解していただくことを目的とする。

Yuuma Taki is enrolled in the Hokkaido Information University Information Media Faculty of Information Media (4th year). At university he is focusing on learning about security for lower-level components, such OS and CPU. In his third year of undergraduate school, he worked on trying to implement the OS security mechanism "KASLR", at Sechack365. Currently, he is learning about ROP derivative technology and embedded equipment security.

2021年10月、Lazarusグループに関連する可能性が高いユニークなローダーであるWSLinkの最初の分析を公開。ほとんどのサンプルは難読化され、高度な仮想マシン（VM）難読化機能で保護されている。サンプルには明確なアーティファクトが含まれておらず、当初は難読化を公的に知られているVMと関連付けなかったが、後にそれをCodevirtualizerに接続することに成功。このVMは、ジャンクコードの挿入、仮想オペランドの暗号化、仮想オペコードの重複、難読化手法仮想命令のマージ、ネストされたVMなど、いくつかの追加の難読化技術を導入する。 本発表では、VMの内部を分析し、合理的な時間で難読化技術を「見抜く」ための半自動化されたアプローチについて説明する。また、難読化されたバイトコードと難読化されていないバイトコードを比較し、本手法の有効性を紹介する。われわれの手法は、仮想オペコードのセマンティクスを抽出する既知の難読化解除手法に基づいており、単純化規則によるシンボリック実行を使用。さらに、バイトコードチャンクとVMの内部構成を記号ではなく、具体的な値として扱い、既知の難読化手法で追加の難読化技術を自動的に処理できるようにする。

In October 2021, we published the first analysis of Wslink – a unique loader likely linked to the Lazarus group. Most samples are packed and protected with an advanced virtual machine (VM) obfuscator; the samples contain no clear artifacts and we initially did not associate the obfuscation with a publicly known VM, but we later managed to connect it to CodeVirtualizer. This VM introduces several additional obfuscation techniques such as insertion of junk code, encoding of virtual operands, duplication of virtual opcodes, opaque predicates, merging of virtual instructions, and a nested VM. Our presentation analyzes the internals of the VM and describes our semi automated approach to “see through” the obfuscation techniques in reasonable time. We demonstrate the approach on some bytecode from a protected sample and compare the results with a non-obfuscated sample, found subsequent to starting our analysis, confirming the method’s validity. Our solution is based on a known deobfuscation method that extracts the semantics of the virtual opcodes, using symbolic execution with simplifying rules. We further treat the bytecode chunks and some internal constructs of the VM as concrete values instead of as symbolic ones, enabling the known deobfuscation method to deal with the additional obfuscation techniques automatically.

Kimsuky is a North Korean APT possibly controlled by North Korea's Reconnaissance General Bureau. Based on reports from the Korea Internet & Security Agency (KISA) and other vendors, TeamT5 identified that Kimsuky's most active group, CloudDragon, built a workflow functioning as a "Credential Factory," collecting and exploiting these massive credentials. The credential factory powers CloudDragon to start its espionage campaigns. CloudDragon's campaigns have aligned with DPRK's interests, targeting the organizations and key figures playing a role in the DPRK relationship. Our database suggested that CloudDragon has possibly infiltrated targets in South Korea, Japan, and the United States. Victims include think tanks, NGOs, media agencies, educational institutes, and many individuals. CloudDragon's "Credential Factory" can be divided into three small cycles, "Daily Cycle," "Campaign Cycle," and "Post-exploit Cycle." The"Daily Cycle" can collect massive credentials and use the stolen credentials to accelerate its APT life cycle. In the "Campaign Cycle," CloudDragon develops many new malware. While we responded to CloudDragon's incidents, we found that the actor still relied on BabyShark malware. CloudDragon once used BabyShark to deploy a new browser extension malware targeting victims' browsers. Moreover, CloudDragon is also developing a shellcode-based malware, Dust. In the "Post-exploit Cycle," the actor relied on hacking tools rather than malicious backdoors. We also identified that the actor used remote desktop software to prevent detection. In this presentation, we will go through some of the most significant operations conducted by CloudDragon, and more importantly, we will provide possible scenarios of future invasions for defense and detection.

Social media is no doubt a critical battlefield for threat actors to launch InfoOps, especially in a critical moment such as wartime or the election season. We have seen Bot-Driven Information Operations (InfoOps, aka influence campaign) have attempted to spread disinformation, incite protests in the physical world, and doxxing against journalists. China's Bots-Driven InfoOps, despite operating on a massive scale, are often considered to have low impact and very little organic engagement. In this talk, we will share our observations on these persistent Bots-Driven InfoOps and dissect their harmful disinformation campaigns circulated in cyberspace. In the past, most bots-driven operations simply parroted narratives of the Chinese propaganda machine, mechanically disseminating the same propaganda and disinformation artifacts made by Chinese state media. However, recently, we saw the newly created bots turn to post artifacts in a livelier manner. They utilized various tactics, including reposting screenshots of forum posts and disguised as members of “Milk Tea Alliance,” to create a false appearance that such content is being echoed across cyberspace. We particularly focus on an ongoing China's bots-driven InfoOps targeting Taiwan, which we dub "Operation ChinaRoot." Starting in mid-2021, the bots have been disseminating manipulated information about Taiwan's local politics and Covid-19 measures. Our further investigation has also identified the linkage between Operation ChinaRoot and other Chinese state-linked networks such as DRAGONBRIDGE and Spamouflage.

Malwares written in Go is increasing every year. Go's cross-platform nature makes it an opportune language for attackers who wish to target multiple platforms. On the other hand, the statically linked libraries make it difficult to distinguish between user functions and libraries, making it difficult for analysts to analyze. This situation has increased the demand for Go malware classification and exploration. In this talk, we will demonstrate the feasibility of computing similarity and classification of Go malware using a newly proposed method called gimpfuzzy. We have implemented "gimpfuzzy", which incorporates Fuzzy Hashing into the existing gimphash method. In this talk, we will verify the discrimination rate of the classification using the proposed method and confirm the validity of the proposed method by discussing some examples from the classified results. We will also discuss issues in Go-malware classification.

Goで書かれたマルウェアは年々増加している。Goはクロスプラットフォームの性質を持っており、複数のプラットフォームを標的にしたい攻撃者にとって好都合な言語である。その一方で、ライブラリが静的にリンクされていることからユーザ関数とライブラリの区別が難しく、アナリストにとって解析が困難である。そうした状況で、Goマルウェアの分類や探索の需要が高まっている。 本講演ではgimpfuzzyという新たな提案手法を用いてGoマルウェアに対し類似性の計算や分類が可能であることを検証する。われわれは既存手法であるgimphashにFuzzy Hashingを組み込んだ「gimpfuzzy」を新たに実装した。講演では提案手法を利用した分類の判別率を検証し、分類された結果の中からいくつかの事例を取り上げその妥当性について確認する。また、Goマルウェアの分類における課題についても検討を行う予定である。

This document discusses the results of long-term scanning and analysis of Winnti 4.0 and ShadowPad malware command and control (C2) protocols. It finds that Winnti 4.0 C2s primarily use TLS, HTTPS, and HTTP, while ShadowPad variants primarily use TCP, HTTPS, and HTTP. Analysis of the protocols reveals encryption methods, packet structures, and server-side functionality. Over time, the number and distribution of active C2s changed, likely in response to research publications and incident response actions. The document advocates for anonymization techniques and merits and risks of future research publications.

We are swamped with new types of malware every day. The goal of malware analysis is not to reveal every single detail of the malware. It is more important to develop tools for efficiency or introduce automation to avoid repeating the same analysis process. Therefore, malware analysts usually actively develop tools and build analysis systems. On the other hand, it costs a lot for such tool developments and system maintenance. Incident trends change daily, and malware keeps evolving. However, it is not easy to keep up with new threats. Malware analysts spend a long time maintaining their analysis systems, and it results in reducing their time for necessary analysis of new types of malware. To solve these problems, we incorporate DevOps practices into malware analysis to reduce the cost of system maintenance by using CI/CD and Serverless. This presentation shares our experience on how CI/CD, Serverless, and other cloud technologies can be used to streamline malware analysis. Specifically, the following case studies are discussed. * Malware C2 Monitoring * Malware Hunting using Cloud * YARA CI/CD system * Malware Analysis System on Cloud * Memory Forensic on Cloud Through the above case studies, we will share the benefits and tips of using the cloud and show how to build a similar system using Infrastructure as Code (IaC). The audience will learn how to improve the efficiency of malware analysis and build a malware analysis system using Cloud infrastructure.

To help you choose the best DiskWarrior alternative, we've compiled a comparison table summarizing the features, pros, cons, and pricing of six alternatives.

As a popular open-source library for analytics engineering, dbt is often used in combination with Airflow. Orchestrating and executing dbt models as DAGs ensures an additional layer of control over tasks, observability, and provides a reliable, scalable environment to run dbt models. This webinar will cover a step-by-step guide to Cosmos, an open source package from Astronomer that helps you easily run your dbt Core projects as Airflow DAGs and Task Groups, all with just a few lines of code. We’ll walk through: - Standard ways of running dbt (and when to utilize other methods) - How Cosmos can be used to run and visualize your dbt projects in Airflow - Common challenges and how to address them, including performance, dependency conflicts, and more - How running dbt projects in Airflow helps with cost optimization Webinar given on 9 July 2024

Password Rotation in 2024 is still Relevant

MuleSoft Meetup on APM and IDP

How do we build an IoT product, and make it profitable? Talk from the IoT meetup in March 2024. https://www.meetup.com/iot-sweden/events/299487375/