Technological developments in computer networks increasingly demand security on systems built. Security also requires flexibility, efficiency, and effectiveness. The exchange of information through the internet connection is a common thing to do now. However, this way can be able to trigger data theft or cyber crime which resulted in losses for both parties. Data theft rate is getting higher by using a wireless network. The wireless system does not have any signal restrictions that can be intercepted Filtering is used to restrict incoming access through the internet. It aims to avoid intruders or people who want to steal data. This is fatal if not anticipated. IP and MAC filtering is a way to protect wireless networks from being used and misused by just anyone. This technique is very useful for securing data on the computer if it joins the public network. By registering IP and MAC on a router, this will keep the information unused and stolen. This system is only a few computers that can be connected to a wireless hotspot by IP and MAC Address listed.
A Literature Survey on Security Management Policies used in Wireless Domain
Wireless is a term used to describe telecommunications in which electromagnetic waves rather than some form of wire carry the signal over part or the entire communication path. Some monitoring devices, such as intrusion alarms, employ acoustic waves at frequencies above the range of human hearing these are also sometimes classified as wireless. Wireless network security is the process of designing, implementing and ensuring security on a wireless computer network. Nowadays wireless networks are the most popular way of communication. For example, internet services in companies, cafes, e markets and in homes. This paper will highlight the drawbacks and their proposed system to give continuous growth of new technologies in wireless domain, both for application and basic research. Papers should emphasize original results relating to the theory and or applications of wireless communications and networking. K. Senthil Kumar | P. Supraja | V. Sridharshini ""A Literature Survey on Security Management Policies used in Wireless Domain"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22854.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/22854/a-literature-survey-on-security-management-policies-used-in-wireless-domain/k-senthil-kumar
A novel password based mutual authentication technique for 4 g mobile communi...
The document describes a proposed password-based mutual authentication technique for 4G mobile communications. The technique aims to authenticate both the subscriber and network using the subscriber's password. It involves four phases: subscriber enrollment where the subscriber chooses an ID and password which are stored on their SIM card; subscriber authentication which occurs during each connection attempt where the subscriber provides their ID and password for verification; network authentication where the network also verifies itself to the subscriber; and a password change phase where the subscriber can update their password without server involvement. The proposed technique is claimed to provide advantages such as minimizing computation, preventing multiple SIMs with the same ID, and not requiring storage of ID/password on the server.
The Sharp Increase in Unmasking of Obtrusion into Internet of Things (IoT) IP...
The Internet of Things (IoT) is thriving network of smart objects where one physical object can exchange information with another physical object. In today’s Internet of Things (IoT) the interest is the concealment and security of data in a network. The obtrusion into Internet of Things (IoT) exposes the extent with which the internet of things is vulnerable to attacks and how such attack can be detected to prevent extreme damage. It emphasises on threats, vulnerability, attacks and possible methods of detecting intruders to stop the system from further destruction, this paper proposes a way out of the impending security situation of Internet of things using IPV6 Low -power wireless personal Area Network.
Attacks and Risks in Wireless Network Securityijtsrd
Wireless networks are mostly common and are the part of every organisation or an individual. In this article we look into the technology of wireless network and security features of WLANs, delinquent and attacks in IEEE 802.11 WLANs. There are variety of attack methods that can be used against the uses of wireless networks. Modern wireless data network use a variety of techniques to provide obstacles to such attacks. This article also discuss the risks of wireless security in an enterprise. We conclude that combined effort of users, employers and system administrator is required to fight against such malevolent activities. A. C. Sounthararaj | B. VeeraPandiyan "Attacks and Risks in Wireless Network Security" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18625.pdf
Wireless Networks Security in Jordan: A Field StudyIJNSA Journal
- The document summarizes a study that evaluated the security of wireless networks in Jordan through a process called "wardriving" where the researchers drove around with wireless network detection tools.
- The results found that the majority (79.52%) of wireless networks tested were unsecured and vulnerable. Most networks used either low levels of encryption (68.67%) or no encryption at all (11.45%).
- Nearly all networks broadcast the default SSID (92.17%), leaving them exposed to potential hackers since changing the SSID is a basic security precaution.
This document discusses security issues in wireless cellular networks. It covers 4 generations of cellular networks and outlines limitations of wireless networks compared to wired networks. Some key security issues addressed include authentication, integrity, confidentiality, and various types of attacks such as unauthorized access, eavesdropping, and man-in-the-middle attacks. The document also notes that 3G networks provide features to enhance security but that continued research is needed to address new issues and further improve security as cellular technologies advance.
A Literature Survey on Security Management Policies used in Wireless Domainijtsrd
Wireless is a term used to describe telecommunications in which electromagnetic waves rather than some form of wire carry the signal over part or the entire communication path. Some monitoring devices, such as intrusion alarms, employ acoustic waves at frequencies above the range of human hearing these are also sometimes classified as wireless. Wireless network security is the process of designing, implementing and ensuring security on a wireless computer network. Nowadays wireless networks are the most popular way of communication. For example, internet services in companies, cafes, e markets and in homes. This paper will highlight the drawbacks and their proposed system to give continuous growth of new technologies in wireless domain, both for application and basic research. Papers should emphasize original results relating to the theory and or applications of wireless communications and networking. K. Senthil Kumar | P. Supraja | V. Sridharshini ""A Literature Survey on Security Management Policies used in Wireless Domain"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22854.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/22854/a-literature-survey-on-security-management-policies-used-in-wireless-domain/k-senthil-kumar
A novel password based mutual authentication technique for 4 g mobile communi...eSAT Publishing House
The document describes a proposed password-based mutual authentication technique for 4G mobile communications. The technique aims to authenticate both the subscriber and network using the subscriber's password. It involves four phases: subscriber enrollment where the subscriber chooses an ID and password which are stored on their SIM card; subscriber authentication which occurs during each connection attempt where the subscriber provides their ID and password for verification; network authentication where the network also verifies itself to the subscriber; and a password change phase where the subscriber can update their password without server involvement. The proposed technique is claimed to provide advantages such as minimizing computation, preventing multiple SIMs with the same ID, and not requiring storage of ID/password on the server.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is thriving network of smart objects where one physical object can exchange information with another physical object. In today’s Internet of Things (IoT) the interest is the concealment and security of data in a network. The obtrusion into Internet of Things (IoT) exposes the extent with which the internet of things is vulnerable to attacks and how such attack can be detected to prevent extreme damage. It emphasises on threats, vulnerability, attacks and possible methods of detecting intruders to stop the system from further destruction, this paper proposes a way out of the impending security situation of Internet of things using IPV6 Low -power wireless personal Area Network.
IoT: Effective Authentication System (EAS) using Hash based Encryption on RFI...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Internet of Things (IoT) is undoubtedly a well-known research area. Security on IoT communication services is the major challenge with advanced technology and devices. This paper mainly focusing on Perceptron layer based attacks and counter measures based on Effective Authentication System (EAS). This paper is ordered as outlining IoT Architecture, Types of Threats ,Perceptron Layer based attacks, sensor based communication services ,RFID mechanism ,Tag identify and verification by back end server and Hash based Effective Authentication System (EAS) to avoid pseudonym attacks .This paper proposes EAS as security measure by preventing privacy attack, pseudonym attack, location tracking and asynchronous attack.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A SECURITY PROTOCOL FOR BLUETOOTH AND WI-FIIJNSA Journal
This paper is mainly based on providing security to the wireless networks through which devices like
Bluetooth gets connected. The Wi-Fi connections are also prone to various attacks these days. The
protocols that are required to provide security to wireless networks can be implemented by creating a
wireless scenario using the software Network Simulator. This paper illustrates a scenario to check the
security protocol. As NS2 mainly has the implementation of routing protocols, a new protocol should be
designed especially for security purpose. This is done by following many tutorials to get a minimum basic
knowledge of NS2, C/C++ coding. The security feature followed in the paper is encryption/decryption of
the data that is being exchanged. Data should be ensured as and then there will be a perfect
implementation of the protocol. So, the paper throughout concentrates on adding a new security protocol to
NS2 and implementation of that protocol by providing a wireless scenario.
Dual method cryptography image by two force secure and steganography secret m...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
With the go on the evolution of both computer and internet technology, videos, sounds, and scripts are used more and more often. It can be used in sundry techniques in ciphering and data concealing. The objective of this paper is leading to the suggestion of a new method of the combination between encryption and concealment of information so as to make it difficult to identify the transmitted datavia networks. This study has used two force secure (2FS) to encrypt the images, in other words, the SF is frequent twice on the image, to obtain powerful encryption then the concealing of the secret message is done inside the cryptography of the image has been performed using a secret key (cosine curve), and this stego-encryption image has been transformed forthe Internet of things storage in the database in IoT (data flow), when the user needs any information can be access inviaof internet of things (IoTs). The outcome of the proposed system is obtained tobe evaluated through different measures, such aspeak signal noise ratio (PSNR), mean square error (MSE), entropy,correlation coefficient, and histogram. The proposed system is good, efficient, fast, has high security, robustness, and transparency.
Dual Authentication For Bluetooth ConnectionIJERA Editor
Recently, Bluetooth technology is widely used by organizations and individuals to provide wireless personal area network (WPAN). This is because the radio frequency (RF) waves can easily penetrate obstacles and can propagate without direct line-of-sight (LoS). These two characteristics have led to replace wired communication by wireless systems. However, there are serious security challenges associated with wireless communication systems because they are easier to eavesdrop, disrupt and jam than the wired systems. Bluetooth technology started with a form of pairing called legacy pairing prior to any communication. However, due to the serious security issues found in the legacy pairing, a secure and simple pairing called SPP was announced with Bluetooth 2.1 and later since 2007. SPP has solved the main security issue which is the weaknesses of the PIN code in the legacy pairing, however it has been found with some vulnerabilities such as eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. Since the discovery of these vulnerabilities, some enhancements have been proposed to the Bluetooth Specification Interest Group (SIG) which is the regulatory body of Bluetooth technology; nevertheless, some proposed enhancements are ineffective or are not yet implemented by Manufacturers. Therefore, an improvement of the security authentication in Bluetooth connection is highly required to overcome the existing drawbacks. This proposed protocol uses Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) algorithm with Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-256). The implementation of this proposal is based on the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) as software and a Bluetooth (BT) Shield connected to an Arduino Uno R3 boards as hardware. The result was verified on a Graphical User Interface (GUI) built in Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 with C sharp as default environment. It has shown that the proposed scheme works perfectly with the used hardware and software. In addition, the protocol thwarts the passive and active eavesdropping attacks which exist during SSP. These attacks are defeated by avoiding the exchange of passwords and public keys in plain text between the Master and the Slave. Therefore, this protocol is expected to be implemented by the SIG to enhance the security in Bluetooth connection.
Residential access control system using QR code and the IoT IJECEIAES
This document presents a residential access control system (RACs) using QR codes and the Internet of Things (IoT) that was developed to improve security and convenience for homeowners. The system uses cryptography and QR codes for authentication in two phases - an authentication phase where a QR code is generated from an app, and a verification phase where an access control device scans the QR code. The system was tested and able to automatically lock doors after 30 seconds, notify users through a LINE app, and display device statuses in real-time on a NETPIE network platform. The results showed the system had higher security than other access control methods and an average access speed of 5.63 seconds.
This document provides an overview of cyber security fundamentals and networking fundamentals. For cyber security, it discusses the need for security due to increasing technology use and cyber criminals. It also defines hacking, different types of hackers, and common hacking strategies. It then covers common cyber crimes like cyber pornography and identity theft, and the related laws and punishments. For networking fundamentals, it defines different types of networks, IP addresses, IP versions, internal vs external IPs, static vs dynamic IPs, and the roles of ISPs and IANA in managing IP addresses.
an overview of wireless local area networks and security systemIJAEMSJORNAL
Wireless Communication is one of the fastest growing technologies in the world which is an application of technology and science in the modern life. Radio and telephone to current devices such as mobile phone, laptops, television broadcasting are the most essential part of our life. Wireless LAN, Cellular Telephony and Satellite based communication networks are the several parts of the wireless communication industry. In this paper, we have emphasized on a study of Wireless LAN technologies and its concerned issues: Wireless Networking, What WLANs are, History of WLAN, Need of WLAN, Types of WLAN, Advantages of WLAN, IEEE 802.11 Standards, Network Security.
This paper presents a brief study of recent advances in wireless network security issues. The paper makes a number of contributions to the wireless networking field. First, it studies the 4G mail threats and risk and their design decisions. Second, the security of 4G architecture with next generation network security and 8-security dimensions of 4G network. Third, security issues and possible threats on 4G are discussed. Finally, we proposed four layer security model which manages to ensure more secure packets transmission by taking all the necessary security measures.
Secure Routing for MANET in Adversarial EnvironmentIJCERT
Collection of mobile nodes is known as ad-hoc network in which wireless communication is used to connect these mobile nodes. A major requirement on the MANET is to provide unidentifiability and unlinkability for mobile nodes. There are various secure routing protocols have been proposed, but the requirement is not satisfied. The existing protocols are unguarded to the attacks of fake routing packets or denial-of-service broadcasting, even the node identities are protected by pseudonyms. We propose a new secure routing protocol which provides anonymity named as authenticated anonymous secure routing (AASR), to satisfy the requirement of mobile networks and defend the attacks. The route request packets are authenticated by a group signature and public key infrastructure, to defend the potential attacks without exposing the node identities. The cocept of key-encrypted onion routing which provides a route secret verification message, to prevent intermediate nodes from inferring a real destination. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed AASR protocol with improved performance as compared to the existing protocols.
A Location Based Cryptosystem For Mobile Devices Using Improved Rabin AlgorithmEditor IJMTER
As per the recent studies, the volatile growth has been seen in the use of mobile devices as
the supporting technology for accessing Internet based services, as well as for personal
communication needs in networking. Various studies indicate that it is impossible to utilize strong
cryptographic functions for implementing security protocols on mobile devices. Our research negates
this. Explicitly, a performance analysis focused on the most commonly used cryptographic protocols
based on the location address (latitude & longitude) of the user for mobile applications and projected
provably secure authentication protocol that is more efficient than any of the prevailing
authentication protocol is being used by the network security methods. Understanding the use of
public key cryptography which makes potential use of discrete logarithms problem. The security of
ECC depends on the difficulty of Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm. To provide secure
communication for mobile devices, authenticated protocol is an important primitive for establishing
trusted connection. In this paper, it has been shown that the location based system using improved
Rabin Algorithm provides a better security and acquires much less energy consumption than the
existing authentication protocols.
In the past decade, internet of things IoT has been a focus of research. It makes more intelligent to core element of modern world such as hospitals, cities, organizations, and buildings. Usually, IoT has four major components including sensing, information processing, applications and services, heterogeneous access and additional components e.g. Security and privacy. In this paper, we are presenting security perspective from the perspective of layers that comprises IoT. In this we focus on the overview of IoT security perspective. Sunilkumar Malge | Pallavi Singh ""Internet of Things (IoT): Security Perspective"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd24010.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/24010/internet-of-things-iot-security-perspective/sunilkumar-malge
The document discusses local area networks (LANs) and their basic components. It describes that a LAN connects computers in a small area like a school or office building. The basic components of a LAN include hardware like computers, servers, switches and network interface controllers. Communication media can be wired cables or wireless. Network security policies aim to prevent unauthorized access and information misuse. An acceptable use policy outlines ethical user practices and responsibilities when using the network.
Internet of Things (IoT) plays a vital role in our
day to day life and normally used in our houses, in industry,
schools and in hospitals which implemented outside to manage
and control for taking report the changes in location prevent
from dangers and many more favorable things. Moreover all
other advantages can approach of big risks of privacy loss and
security issues. To protect the IoT devices, so many research
works have been measure to find those problems and locate a
best way to eradicate those risks or at least to reduce their effect
on the security and privacy requirement. Formation the concept
of device to device (D2D) communication technology, IoT plays
the information transfer from one end to another end as node of
interconnection. This paper examines the constraints and
security challenges posed by IoT connected devices and the
ability to connect, communicate with, and remotely manage an
incalculable number of networked, automated devices via the
Internet is becoming pervasive.
This document discusses security issues in wireless networks and proposes different levels of security. It begins with an introduction to information security and wireless network security. It then describes various types of attacks on wireless networks such as unauthorized user access, network neighbor attacks, and intercepting data in wireless links. The document proposes three levels of security for wireless networks. Level 1 uses WEP, which has weaknesses that allow attacks. Level 2 uses WPA, which provides stronger access control and security than WEP. Level 3 uses WPA2, which implements the full IEEE 802.11i standard and is more robust than WPA.
https://www.ijmst.com/
IJMST Volume 1 Issue 1, Manuscript 4
As the popularity of mobile devices and wireless networks significantly increased over the
past years. The wireless adhoc network has now become one of the most vibrant and active
fields of communication and networking research. These networks are a new generation of
networks offering unrestricted mobility without any underlying infrastructure. As their
principle application is in disastrous environments, security is critical. Various challenges are
faced in the adhoc environment, mostly due to the resource poorness of these networks. One
man confront in the design of these networks is their vulnerability to security attacks. The
solutions for conventional networks are usually not sufficient to provide efficient adhoc
operations. Just because of its wireless nature of communication and lack of any security
infrastructure raise several security problems and threats.
In this paper, we briefly review the threats an adhoc network faces and the security goals to
be achieved. Moreover, it also presents existing security schemes used in wireless adhoc
networks in order to handle security threats.
A SURVEY OF COMPUTER NETWORKING THEORY AND PRACTICEIRJET Journal
This document provides an overview of computer networking theory and practice. It discusses the key components of a computer network including network interface cards, hubs, routers, modems, switches, and cables. It describes different types of networks like local area networks, wide area networks, and wireless networks. The document also covers the uses of computer networks like resource sharing, communication, the server-client model, e-commerce, and as a communication medium. Finally, it discusses the benefits of computer networks such as sharing resources, improved communication, increased security, remote access, and cost savings, as well as some potential disadvantages.
A SURVEY OF COMPUTER NETWORKING THEORY AND PRACTICEKate Campbell
This document provides an overview of computer networking theory and practice. It discusses the key components of a computer network, including network interface cards, hubs, routers, modems, and switches. These components work together to connect devices and allow for the exchange of digital information across computer networks. The document also covers different types of computer networks like local area networks, wide area networks, and wireless networks. It explains how networks are designed and configured, with a focus on important aspects like security, performance, and dependability.
The document discusses various topics related to networking infrastructure and protocols:
1. It describes the components of a structured cabling system and benefits of an extended star topology used for cabling.
2. It explains several key protocols used at different layers of the OSI model including SMTP, ARP, FTP, and SSL and their functions.
3. It discusses wireless networking components like wireless routers/modems and adapters and how Wi-Fi works based on IEEE 802.11 standards at the physical and data link layers.
4. It covers Wi-Fi standards, advantages and disadvantages of wireless networking, and factors to consider for wired vs wireless implementation in a LAN.
Wireless Sensor Network: Internet Model Layer Based Security Attacks and thei...IRJET Journal
The document discusses security attacks on wireless sensor networks, describing various types of attacks like jamming, impersonation, replay attacks, and denial of service attacks that can occur at different layers of the network. It analyzes key security objectives for wireless sensor networks like availability, authentication, integrity, and confidentiality. The document also outlines the architecture of wireless sensor networks, including the five layers of the OSI model and three cross-layer planes, and components of sensor nodes.
Even in difficult places to reach, the new networking technique allows the easy deployment of sensor networks although these wireless sensor networks confront a lot of constraints. The major constraint is related to the quality of information sent by the network. The wireless sensor networks use different methods to achieve data to the base station. Data aggregation is an important one, used by these wireless sensor networks. But this aggregated data can be subject to several types of attacks and provides security is necessary to resist against malicious attacks, secure communication between severely resource constrained sensor nodes while maintaining the flexibility of the topology changes. Recently, several secure data aggregation schemes have been proposed for wireless sensor networks, it provides better security compared with traditional aggregation. In this paper, we try to focus on giving a brief statement of the various approaches used for the purpose of secure data aggregation in wireless sensor networks.
Security Technique and Congestion Avoidance in Mesh Networkijtsrd
Security in wireless network is one of the prime concern in todays Information Age, where information is an asset not only to an organisation but also to an individual. Security to a great extent is able to protect the network from various unauthorized attacks. On the other side implementation of security mechanisms also causes an overhead in terms of increased load in the network. Further the increased load in the network paves path to congestion which degrades the performance of the wireless network. In this paper we try to highlight various challenges pertaining to security in mesh networks and the ways of reducing security threats. We propose an improved version of AODV which has a congestion avoidance mechanism. We also use a security technique called PGP for enhanced security of Mesh network. Mankiran Kaur | Jagjit Kaur"Security Technique and Congestion Avoidance in Mesh Network" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd4690.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/4690/security-technique-and-congestion-avoidance-in-mesh-network/mankiran-kaur
Secure Channel Communication between IOT Devices and ComputersIRJET Journal
The document proposes a model to establish secure communication channels between IoT devices and computers/servers. The model implements encryption algorithms like RSA to encrypt data transmitted between IoT devices and an unconstrained node (computer/server). This helps create secure channels for transmitting encrypted data while offloading intensive encryption tasks to more powerful unconstrained nodes. The model aims to address growing security and privacy concerns with the proliferation of IoT devices and applications.
A Literature Review Of Security Threats To Wireless NetworksScott Bou
This document summarizes a literature review on security threats to wireless networks. It discusses how wireless networks are more vulnerable than wired networks due to their broadcast nature. It reviews common wireless security protocols like WEP, WPA, and WPA2 and some of their vulnerabilities. It then examines different types of security attacks against wireless networks like traffic analysis, eavesdropping, and spoofing. The goal of the paper is to analyze various security threats that can undermine the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of wireless networks.
This document summarizes a research paper that classifies different types of networks and discusses their associated security issues. It categorizes networks based on size (LAN, MAN, WAN), design (peer-to-peer, client-server, standalone), layering (layered, non-layered), and provides examples such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, VPNs. It also discusses common security threats for different network types like viruses, denial of service attacks, and evaluates security measures including encryption, firewalls, access control. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive classification of networks and analyze how security needs vary depending on the network and software development stages.
This document discusses challenges facing corporate IT customer service, using Equity Bank as an example. It identifies customer satisfaction as a major problem, as customers often feel their needs are not properly addressed. The author proposes improving customer care by understanding customer needs and addressing them promptly. A project plan is outlined to intervene, with the goal of benefiting customers long-term. Key execution steps include understanding customers, empowering agents with real-time information, and focusing on consistent agent experiences through business process management.
This document summarizes key concepts from chapters 7 and 9 on computer networks and cybercrime. It discusses fundamentals of networking including definitions of LANs and WANs. Advantages of networks include sharing resources while disadvantages include viruses and hacking. Networks are classified by types including PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN and HAN. The TCP/IP model and OSI model are explained through their layers. Examples of networking components, internet connections, and securing wireless networks are provided. Cybercrime such as identity theft and computer viruses are discussed alongside social engineering techniques like phishing.
Revisiting the experiment on detecting of replay and message modificationiaemedu
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes methods for detecting message modification and replay attacks in ad-hoc wireless networks. It begins with background on security issues in wireless networks and types of attacks. It then reviews existing intrusion detection systems and security techniques. Related work that detects attacks using features from the media access control layer or radio frequency fingerprinting is also discussed. The paper aims to present a simple, economical, and platform-independent system for detecting message modification, replay attacks, and unauthorized users in ad-hoc networks.
This document summarizes a survey on identifying security vulnerabilities in wireless sensor networks. It begins with an introduction to wireless sensor networks and their importance for enabling the internet of things. It then discusses key challenges for wireless sensor networks related to constraints on memory, power, communication reliability and security. The document reviews common communication protocols for wireless sensor networks like IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee. It also discusses hierarchical routing approaches. Finally, it categorizes major vulnerabilities for wireless sensor networks related to node compromise and denial of service attacks that can occur due to weaknesses in the open wireless medium.
Due to inherent limitations in wireless sensor networks, security is a crucial issue. While research in WSN security is progressing at tremendous pace, no comprehensive document lists the security issues and the threat models which pose unique threats to the wireless sensor networks. In this paper we have made an effort to document all the known security issues in wireless sensor networks and have provided the research direction towards countermeasures against the threats posed by these issues
Due to inherent limitations in wireless sensor networks, security is a crucial issue. While research in WSN security is progressing at tremendous pace, no comprehensive document lists the security issues and the threat models which pose unique threats to the wireless sensor networks. In this paper we have made an effort to document all the known security issues in wireless sensor networks and have provided the research direction towards countermeasures against the threats posed by these issues
A new algorithm to enhance security against cyber threats for internet of thi...IJECEIAES
One major problem is detecting the unsuitability of traffic caused by a distributed denial of services (DDoS) attack produced by third party nodes, such as smart phones and other handheld Wi-Fi devices. During the transmission between the devices, there are rising in the number of cyber attacks on systems by using negligible packets, which lead to suspension of the services between source and destination, and can find the vulnerabilities on the network. These vulnerable issues have led to a reduction in the reliability of networks and a reduction in consumer confidence. In this paper, we will introduce a new algorithm called rout attack with detection algorithm (RAWD) to reduce the affect of any attack by checking the packet injection, and to avoid number of cyber attacks being received by the destination and transferred through a determined path or alternative path based on the problem. The proposed algorithm will forward the real time traffic to the required destination from a new alternative backup path which is computed by it before the attacked occurred. The results have showed an improvement when the attack occurred and the alternative path has used to make sure the continuity of receiving the data to the main destination without any affection.
Similar to A Review of IP and MAC Address Filtering in Wireless Network Security (20)
The security and speed of data transmission is very important in data communications, the steps that can be done is to use the appropriate cryptographic and compression algorithms in this case is the Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithms combined to get the data safe and also the results good compression so that the transmission process can run properly, safely and quickly.
The problem of electric power quality is a matter of changing the form of voltage, current or frequency that can cause failure of equipment, either utility equipment or consumer property. Components of household equipment there are many nonlinear loads, one of which Mixer. Even a load nonlinear current waveform and voltage is not sinusoidal. Due to the use of household appliances such as mixers, it will cause harmonics problems that can damage the electrical system equipment. This study analyzes the percentage value of harmonics in Mixer and reduces harmonics according to standard. Measurements made before the use of LC passive filter yield total current harmonic distortion value (THDi) is 61.48%, while after passive filter use LC the THDi percentage becomes 23.75%. The order of harmonic current in the 3rd order mixer (IHDi) is 0.4185 A not according to standard, after the use of LC passive filter to 0.088 A and it is in accordance with the desired standard, and with the use of passive filter LC, the power factor value becomes better than 0.75 to 0.98.
This paper examines the long-term simultaneous response between dividend policy and corporate value. The main problem studied is that the dividend policy is responded very slowly to the final goal of corporate value. Analysis of Data was using Vector Autoregression (VAR). The result of the discussion concludes the effect of different simultaneous response every period between dividend policy with corporate value, short-term, medium-term, and long-term. The strongest response to dividend changes comes from free cash flow whereas the highest response to corporate value comes from market book value.
Whatsapp is a social media application that is currently widely used from various circles due to ease of use and security is good enough, the security at the time of communicating at this time is very important as well with Whatsapp. Whatsapp from the network is very secure but on the local storage that contains the message was not safe enough because the message on local storage is not secured properly using a special algorithm even using the software Whatsapp Database Viewer whatsapp message can be known, to improve the security of messages on local storage whatsapp submitted security enhancements using the Modular Multiplication Block Cipher algorithm so that the message on whatsapp would be better in terms of security and not easy to read by unauthorized ones.
Consumers are increasingly easy to access to information resources. Consumers quickly interact with whatever they will spend. Ease of use of technology an impact on consumer an attitude are increasingly intelligent and has encouraged the rise of digital transactions. Technology makes it easy for them to transact on an e-commerce shopping channel. Future e-commerce trends will lead to User Generated Content related to user behavior in Indonesia that tends to compare between shopping channels. The purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of Perceived Ease of Use on Behavioral Intention to transact in which Perceived Usefulness is used as an intervening variable. The present study used the descriptive exploratory method with causal-predictive analysis. Determination method of research sample used purposive sampling. The enumerator team assists in the distribution of questionnaires. The results of the study found that the direct effect of perceived ease of use on behavioral intention to transact is smaller than that indirectly mediated by perceived usefulness variables.
Performance is a process of assessment of the algorithm. Speed and security is the performance to be achieved in determining which algorithm is better to use. In determining the optimum route, there are two algorithms that can be used for comparison. The Genetic and Primary algorithms are two very popular algorithms for determining the optimum route on the graph. Prim can minimize circuit to avoid connected loop. Prim will determine the best route based on active vertex. This algorithm is especially useful when applied in a minimum spanning tree case. Genetics works with probability properties. Genetics cannot determine which route has the maximum value. However, genetics can determine the overall optimum route based on appropriate parameters. Each algorithm can be used for the case of the shortest path, minimum spanning tree or traveling salesman problem. The Prim algorithm is superior to the speed of Genetics. The strength of the Genetic algorithm lies in the number of generations and population generated as well as the selection, crossover and mutation processes as the resultant support. The disadvantage of the Genetic algorithm is spending to much time to get the desired result. Overall, the Prim algorithm has better performance than Genetic especially for a large number of vertices.
Implementation of Decision Support System for various purposes now can facilitate policy makers to get the best alternative from a variety of predefined criteria, one of the methods used in the implementation of Decision Support System is VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje), VIKOR method in this research got the best results with an efficient and easily understood process computationally, it is expected that the results of this study facilitate various parties to develop a model any solutions.
Edge detection is one of the most frequent processes in digital image processing for various purposes, one of which is detecting road damage based on crack paths that can be checked using a Canny algorithm. This paper proposed a mobile application to detect cracks in the road and with customized threshold function in the requests to produce useful and accurate edge detection. The experimental results show that the use of threshold function in a canny algorithm can detect better damage in the road
The security and confidentiality of information becomes an important factor in communication, the use of cryptography can be a powerful way of securing the information, IDEA (International Data Encryption Algorithm) and WAKE (Word Auto Key Encryption) are some modern symmetric cryptography algorithms with encryption and decryption function are much faster than the asymmetric cryptographic algorithm, with the combination experiment IDEA and WAKE it probable to produce highly secret ciphertext and it hopes to take a very long time for cryptanalyst to decrypt the information without knowing the key of the encryption process.
Employees are the backbone of corporate activities and the giving of bonuses, job titles and allowances to employees to motivate the work of employees is very necessary, salesman on the company very much and to find the best salesman cannot be done manually and for that required the implementation of a system in this decision support system by applying the TOPSIS method, it is expected with the implementation of TOPSIS method the expected results of top management can be fulfilled.
English is a language that must be known all-digital era at this time where almost all information is in English, ranging from kindergarten to college learn English. elementary school is now also there are learning and to help introduce English is prototype application recogni-tion of common words in English and can be updated dynamically so that updates occur information to new words and sentences in Eng-lish to be introduced to students.
The selection of the best employees is one of the process of evaluating how well the performance of the employees is adjusted to the standards set by the company and usually done by top management such as General Manager or Director. In general, the selection of the best employees is still perform manually with many criteria and alternatives, and this usually make it difficult top managerial making decisions as well as the selection of the best employees periodically into a long and complicated process. Therefore, it is necessary to build a decision support system that can help facilitate the decision maker in determining the best choice based on standard criteria, faster, and more objective. In this research, the computational method of decision-making system used is Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The criteria used in the selection of the best employees are: job responsibilities, work discipline, work quality, and behaviour. The final result of the global priority value of the best employee candidates is used as the best employee selection decision making tool by top management.
Rabin Karp algorithm is a search algorithm that searches for a substring pattern in a text using hashing. It is beneficial for matching words with many patterns. One of the practical applications of Rabin Karp's algorithm is in the detection of plagiarism. Michael O. Rabin and Richard M. Karp invented the algorithm. This algorithm performs string search by using a hash function. A hash function is the values that are compared between two documents to determine the level of similarity of the document. Rabin-Karp algorithm is not very good for single pattern text search. This algorithm is perfect for multiple pattern search. The Levenshtein algorithm can be used to replace the hash calculation on the Rabin-Karp algorithm. The hash calculation on Rabin-Karp only counts the number of hashes that have the same value in both documents. Using the Levenshtein algorithm, the calculation of the hash distance in both documents will result in better accuracy.
This document summarizes a research paper about violations of cybercrime and jurisdiction in Indonesia. It discusses how technological advances have enabled new forms of digital crime. It describes several types of cybercrimes such as unauthorized access, spreading viruses, hacking, and cyberterrorism. It also discusses Indonesia's laws regarding electronic information and cybercrime. The document analyzes some challenges around jurisdiction for cybercrimes that cross borders. It examines how Indonesia applies legal jurisdiction and sanctions to cybercrime perpetrators based on the location of the crime and perpetrator. It aims to explain how Indonesia's legal system will handle cybercrime cases and reduce such violations.
Competitive market competition so the company must be smart in managing finance. In promoting the selling point, marketing is the most important step to be considered. Promotional routine activity is one of the marketing techniques to increase consumer appeal to marketed products. One of the important agendas of promotion is the selection of the most appropriate promotional media. The problem that often occurs in the process of selecting a promotional media is the subjectivity of decision making. Marketing activities have a taxation fund that must be issued. Limited funds are one of the constraints of improving market strategy. So far, the selection of promotional media is performed by the company manually using standardized determination that already applies. It has many shortcomings, among others, regarding effectiveness and efficiency of time and limited funds. Markov Chain is very helpful to the company in analyzing the development of the company over a period. This method can predict the market share in the future so that company can optimize promotion cost at the certain time. Implementation of this algorithm produces a percentage of market share so that businesses can determine and choose which way is more appropriate to improve the company's market strategy. Assessment is done by looking at consumer criteria of a particular product. These criteria can determine consumer interest in a product so that it can be analyzed consumer behavior.
The transition of copper cable technology to fiber optic is very triggering the development of technology where data can be transmitted quickly and accurately. This cable change can be seen everywhere. This cable is an expensive cable. If it is not installed optimally, it will cost enormously. This excess cost can be used to other things to support performance rather than for excess cable that should be minimized. Determining how much cable use at the time of installation is difficult if done manually. Prim's algorithm can optimize by calculating the minimum spanning tree on branches used for fiber optic cable installation. This algorithm can be used to shorten the time to a destination by making all the points interconnected according to the points listed. Use of this method helps save the cost of fiber optic construction.
An image is a medium for conveying information. The information contained therein may be a particular event, experience or moment. Not infrequently many images that have similarities. However, this level of similarity is not easily detected by the human eye. Eigenface is one technique to calculate the resemblance of an object. This technique calculates based on the intensity of the colors that exist in the two images compared. The stages used are normalization, eigenface, training, and testing. Eigenface is used to calculate pixel proximity between images. This calculation yields the feature value used for comparison. The smallest value of the feature value is an image very close to the original image. Application of this method is very helpful for analysts to predict the likeness of digital images. Also, it can be used in the field of steganography, digital forensic, face recognition and so forth.
The document discusses data compression using Elias Delta coding. It begins by introducing compression and its purpose of reducing file sizes. It then explains Elias Delta coding which is a lossless compression technique that encodes characters based on their frequency. The more common characters have fewer bits assigned while less common characters have more bits. It provides an example of how Elias Delta coding works by assigning bit sequences to numbers. The document then applies Elias Delta coding to compress a sample text, showing the original string, character set formation, bit lengths, and compressed output which achieved a smaller size than the original text.
Catfish is one type of freshwater fish. This fish has a good taste. In the cultivation of these fish, many obstacles need to be faced. Because living in dirty water, this type of fish is susceptible to disease. Many symptoms arise during the fish cultivation process; From skin disease to physical. Catfish farmers do not know how to diagnose diseases that exist in their livestock. This diagnosis serves to separate places between good and sick catfish. The goal is that the sale value of the fish is high. Catfish that have diseases will be sold cheaper to be used as other animal feed while healthy fish will be sold to the market or exported to other countries. Diagnosis can be done by expert system method. The algorithm of certainty factor is one of the good algorithms to determine the percentage of possible fish disease. This algorithm is very helpful for farmers to improve catfish farming.
Documents do not always have the same content. However, the similarity between documents often occurs in the world of writing scientific papers. Some similarities occur because of a coincidence, but something happens because of the element of intent. On documents that have little content, this can be checked by the eyes. However, on documents that have thousands of lines and pages, of course, it is impossible. To anticipate it, it takes a way that can analyze plagiarism techniques performed. Many methods can examine the resemblance of documents, one of them by using the Rabin-Karp algorithm. The algorithm is very well since it has a determination for syllable cuts (K-Grams). This algorithm looks at how many hash values are the same in both documents. The percentage of plagiarism can also be adjusted up to a few percent according to the need for examination of the document. Implementation of this algorithm is beneficial for an institution to do the filtering of incoming documents. It is usually done at the time of receipt of a scientific paper to be published.
Ardra Nakshatra (आर्द्रा): Understanding its Effects and RemediesAstro Pathshala
Ardra Nakshatra, the sixth Nakshatra in Vedic astrology, spans from 6°40' to 20° in the Gemini zodiac sign. Governed by Rahu, the north lunar node, Ardra translates to "the moist one" or "the star of sorrow." Symbolized by a teardrop, it represents the transformational power of storms, bringing both destruction and renewal.
About Astro Pathshala
Astro Pathshala is a renowned astrology institute offering comprehensive astrology courses and personalized astrological consultations for over 20 years. Founded by Gurudev Sunil Vashist ji, Astro Pathshala has been a beacon of knowledge and guidance in the field of Vedic astrology. With a team of experienced astrologers, the institute provides in-depth courses that cover various aspects of astrology, including Nakshatras, planetary influences, and remedies. Whether you are a beginner seeking to learn astrology or someone looking for expert astrological advice, Astro Pathshala is dedicated to helping you navigate life's challenges and unlock your full potential through the ancient wisdom of Vedic astrology.
For more information about their courses and consultations, visit Astro Pathshala.
Join educators from the US and worldwide at this year’s conference, themed “Strategies for Proficiency & Acquisition,” to learn from top experts in world language teaching.
Delegation Inheritance in Odoo 17 and Its Use CasesCeline George
There are 3 types of inheritance in odoo Classical, Extension, and Delegation. Delegation inheritance is used to sink other models to our custom model. And there is no change in the views. This slide will discuss delegation inheritance and its use cases in odoo 17.
AI Risk Management: ISO/IEC 42001, the EU AI Act, and ISO/IEC 23894PECB
As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, understanding the complexities and regulations regarding AI risk management is more crucial than ever.
Amongst others, the webinar covers:
• ISO/IEC 42001 standard, which provides guidelines for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving AI management systems within organizations
• insights into the European Union's landmark legislative proposal aimed at regulating AI
• framework and methodologies prescribed by ISO/IEC 23894 for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with AI systems
Presenters:
Miriama Podskubova - Attorney at Law
Miriama is a seasoned lawyer with over a decade of experience. She specializes in commercial law, focusing on transactions, venture capital investments, IT, digital law, and cybersecurity, areas she was drawn to through her legal practice. Alongside preparing contract and project documentation, she ensures the correct interpretation and application of European legal regulations in these fields. Beyond client projects, she frequently speaks at conferences on cybersecurity, online privacy protection, and the increasingly pertinent topic of AI regulation. As a registered advocate of Slovak bar, certified data privacy professional in the European Union (CIPP/e) and a member of the international association ELA, she helps both tech-focused startups and entrepreneurs, as well as international chains, to properly set up their business operations.
Callum Wright - Founder and Lead Consultant Founder and Lead Consultant
Callum Wright is a seasoned cybersecurity, privacy and AI governance expert. With over a decade of experience, he has dedicated his career to protecting digital assets, ensuring data privacy, and establishing ethical AI governance frameworks. His diverse background includes significant roles in security architecture, AI governance, risk consulting, and privacy management across various industries, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: June 26, 2024
Tags: ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, EU AI Act, ISO/IEC 23894
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Is Email Marketing Really Effective In 2024?Rakesh Jalan
Slide 1
Is Email Marketing Really Effective in 2024?
Yes, Email Marketing is still a great method for direct marketing.
Slide 2
In this article we will cover:
- What is Email Marketing?
- Pros and cons of Email Marketing.
- Tools available for Email Marketing.
- Ways to make Email Marketing effective.
Slide 3
What Is Email Marketing?
Using email to contact customers is called Email Marketing. It's a quiet and effective communication method. Mastering it can significantly boost business. In digital marketing, two long-term assets are your website and your email list. Social media apps may change, but your website and email list remain constant.
Slide 4
Types of Email Marketing:
1. Welcome Emails
2. Information Emails
3. Transactional Emails
4. Newsletter Emails
5. Lead Nurturing Emails
6. Sponsorship Emails
7. Sales Letter Emails
8. Re-Engagement Emails
9. Brand Story Emails
10. Review Request Emails
Slide 5
Advantages Of Email Marketing
1. Cost-Effective: Cheaper than other methods.
2. Easy: Simple to learn and use.
3. Targeted Audience: Reach your exact audience.
4. Detailed Messages: Convey clear, detailed messages.
5. Non-Disturbing: Less intrusive than social media.
6. Non-Irritating: Customers are less likely to get annoyed.
7. Long Format: Use detailed text, photos, and videos.
8. Easy to Unsubscribe: Customers can easily opt out.
9. Easy Tracking: Track delivery, open rates, and clicks.
10. Professional: Seen as more professional; customers read carefully.
Slide 6
Disadvantages Of Email Marketing:
1. Irrelevant Emails: Costs can rise with irrelevant emails.
2. Poor Content: Boring emails can lead to disengagement.
3. Easy Unsubscribe: Customers can easily leave your list.
Slide 7
Email Marketing Tools
Choosing a good tool involves considering:
1. Deliverability: Email delivery rate.
2. Inbox Placement: Reaching inbox, not spam or promotions.
3. Ease of Use: Simplicity of use.
4. Cost: Affordability.
5. List Maintenance: Keeping the list clean.
6. Features: Regular features like Broadcast and Sequence.
7. Automation: Better with automation.
Slide 8
Top 5 Email Marketing Tools:
1. ConvertKit
2. Get Response
3. Mailchimp
4. Active Campaign
5. Aweber
Slide 9
Email Marketing Strategy
To get good results, consider:
1. Build your own list.
2. Never buy leads.
3. Respect your customers.
4. Always provide value.
5. Don’t email just to sell.
6. Write heartfelt emails.
7. Stick to a schedule.
8. Use photos and videos.
9. Segment your list.
10. Personalize emails.
11. Ensure mobile-friendliness.
12. Optimize timing.
13. Keep designs clean.
14. Remove cold leads.
Slide 10
Uses of Email Marketing:
1. Affiliate Marketing
2. Blogging
3. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
4. Newsletter Circulation
5. Transaction Notifications
6. Information Dissemination
7. Gathering Feedback
8. Selling Courses
9. Selling Products/Services
Read Full Article:
https://digitalsamaaj.com/is-email-marketing-effective-in-2024/
Principles of Roods Approach!!!!!!!.pptxibtesaam huma
Principles of Rood’s Approach
Treatment technique used in physiotherapy for neurological patients which aids them to recover and improve quality of life
Facilitatory techniques
Inhibitory techniques
Views in Odoo - Advanced Views - Pivot View in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, the pivot view is a graphical representation of data that allows users to analyze and summarize large datasets quickly. It's a powerful tool for generating insights from your business data.
The pivot view in Odoo is a valuable tool for analyzing and summarizing large datasets, helping you gain insights into your business operations.
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spreading sequentially at 2.4 GHz, and the devices
communicate with each other using two basic topologies:
adhoc and infrastructure.
2.2 Wireless Threat
Wireless technology enables one or more equipment to
communicate without any cable. There are several kinds
of security threats that can be occurred when connected
to the internet [3]. All of this represents potential threats
in wireless networks as well. However, the main concern
on wireless communication is the data, malicious
software, malicious codes, theft and industrial and
foreign espionage [5][6]. Theft can happen on wireless
equipment because it has been taken. Eligible and
unauthorized system users can commit embezzlement
and theft. It is easier to steal since the interceptor knows
the resources has a system security weakness. The
people who do the interception is a cracker. They are
who enter the system without rights, usually for personal
retribution or for committing a crime. Crackers are from
outside and inside the organization.
Many software can damage the system by injecting it to
a server. The crackers can get access to wireless network
access points by eavesdropping on wireless equipment
communications. Malicious code includes viruses,
worms, Trojan Horses, logic bombs, or other unwanted
software designed to damage files or weakens the
system [7][8]. Theft of service occurs when users are not
entitled to access to networks and use network resources.
Many data are stolen when such virus has been inside
the mainframe. It is, especially in government and
military office. In wireless networks, the stealing is
performed by eavesdropping in radio transmissions.
Ensuring confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, and
availability is the ultimate goal of the security policies of
all governments.
2.3 IP Address
IP Address is the address or digital identity given to a
computer device so that the computer can communicate
with other computers. Of course, to get the IP Address,
the computer must have a network card [2]. IP Address
consists of 4 blocks of decimal numbers whose value
has a range between 0 to 255. Distribution of IP Address
consists of five classes, such as:
IP Class A. The first 8 bits are the network ID, and
the next 24 bits are the host ID, class A network has
particularly Id from 0 to 127.
IP Class B .The first 16 bits are network Id, and the
next 16 bits are host Id, class B has network id from
128 to 191
IP Class C. The first 24 bits are network Id, and the
next 8 bits are host Id, class C has network id from
192 to 223
IP Class D. It is used for multicasting, ie the use of
applications together by multiple computers, and IP
that can be used is 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255
IP Class E. It has a range of 240.0.0.0 -
254.255.255.255, this IP is used for experiments
prepared for future IP address usage.
The IP Address function is like a home address. Each
address has city, district, street, number and zip code.
There can not be a house that has the same address
combination. So is the IP Address. IP address has an
important role in communicating on computer networks.
The data packet delivery error will never occur if the IP
Address is configured properly.
2.4 MAC Address
MAC Address is a special number on every computer
network card, switch, router, access point, or all that can
be connected with other devices in the network
mechanism. It allows devices in the network to
communicate with each other [1]. In an Ethernet-based
network, each header in the Ethernet frame contains
information about the MAC address of the source and
MAC addresses of the destination computer. If a
computer has more than one network card, then the
computer must also have MAC Address respectively.
Each laptop currently has two MAC Address, the wired
network card (RJ-45), and wireless network card
(802.11b).
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 IP and MAC Address Filtering
On a multiple-client network, an IP setting mechanism is
necessary since it is used to prevent the monopoly of
bandwidth usage so that all clients can get their
respective bandwidth quota. Wireless networks have
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three standard security services to avoid any threats to
the network.
Authentication. It is to provide security services to
ensure the identity of the client's communicating
location. It provides network control by denying
access to client stations that can not authenticate
correctly.
Confidentiality. It is to provide "the privacy gained
on cable networks." The intention is to prevent
leakage of information by eavesdropping.
Integrity. It is to ensure that messages are not
changed while sending between wireless clients and
access points in active attacks.
IP and MAC Filtering is always owned by the router to
allow users to configure their network freely. This is
done to keep everyone from entering indiscriminately to
modify settings. The disadvantage of this is the MAC
address is very easy dispoofing or even changed. Tools
ifconfig on Linux / Unix OS or various tools such as
network utilitis, regedit, smac, machange on Windows
OS are some examples of applications that can modify
MAC Address. For common protection, MAC Address
is a great choice, but to keep big company data like
government and military, MAC Address is not a good
choice. In wireless networks, MAC address duplication
does not result in conflict.
3.2 Filtering Advantages
Each router has been facilitated by IP and MAC
Filtering menu. It aims to provide convenience in the
distribution of internet bandwidth. Activities on the
client can be controlled in full to ensure that the
activities performed by the client do not violate the rules
that have been set.
Figure 1. TP-LINK ZXV10 W300S IP/MAC Filtering
Figure 1 describes the menu contained on the TP-LINK
ZXV10 W300S router. IP Address can be registered in
detail in this section which can pass access to which
router can not. The port number specifies the options
when it wants to block access to certain ports. In
addition to IP Address, MAC Address can also be
blocked access. There are three parts to this menu, IP /
MAC Set Editing, IP / MAC Rule Editing and IP / MAC
Listing Filter.
IP and MAC Address filter serve to help administrators
to prevent and control users who are entitled to enter
their system, especially to the wireless router. Only
wireless devices are trusted or have registered MAC
addresses that may gain access to the wireless router.
IV. CONCLUSION
IP Address and MAC Filter are the essential security
tool for avoiding the data theft. From the above
discussion, it can be concluded that wireless technology
has the advantage that the user does not have to bother
with the affairs of wiring to make the network more
efficient and effective. However, it also has a negative
impact; This is to make it easier for data thieves to
commit crimes without knowing where they are. IP and
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MAC security can be done to minimize wireless crimes.
Giving a password or access code to the router can help
reduce data theft on the network system. Security on
wireless networks can be anticipated from various things.
However, it all depends on how a network administrator
manages it. Things that need to be avoided is to provide
additional access to the unauthorized person.
V. REFERENCES
[1]. Wikipedia, "MAC address," 6 July 2017. [Online].
Available:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address.
[Accessed 22 August 2017].
[2]. O. XL, "What is IP Address ? DNS And
Subnetting?," [Online]. Available:
http://www.open0xl.com/domain-ping. [Accessed
21 August 2017].
[3]. A. Lubis and A. P. U. S. , "Network Forensic
Application in General Cases," IOSR Journal of
Computer Engineering, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 41-44,
2016.
[4]. A. K. Singh and B. Mishra, "WLAN Security:
Active Attack of WLAN Secure Network (Identity
theft)," International Journal of Computer Science
Issues, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 555-559, 2011.
[5]. S. Nixon and Y. Haile, "Analyzing Vulnerabilities
on WLAN Security Protocols and Enhance its
Security by using Pseudo Random MAC
Address," International Journal of Emerging
Trends & Technology in Computer Science, vol.
6, no. 3, pp. 293-300, 2017.
[6]. A. R. Vaidya and S. Jaiswal, "Secure and Flexible
Communication Technique: Implementation
Using MAC Filter in WLAN and MANET for IP
Spoofing Detection," International Journal of
Computer Networks and Wireless
Communications, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 519-525, 2016.
[7]. H. A. A., V. G. A. and H. A. P., "Media Access
Control Spoofing Techniques and its Counter
Measures," International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 1-5, 2012.
[8]. M. Izhar and V. R. Singh, "Network Security
Vulnerabilities: Malicious Nodes attack,"
International Journal of Scientific and Research
Publications, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 1-5, 2014.