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Application of Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch Algorithm for File Security

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Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi

The security and speed of data transmission is very important in data communications, the steps that can be done is to use the appropriate cryptographic and compression algorithms in this case is the Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithms combined to get the data safe and also the results good compression so that the transmission process can run properly, safely and quickly.

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Copyright © 2018 Robbi Rahim. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unre- stricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (3.2) (2018) 783-785 International Journal of Engineering & Technology Website: www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/IJET Research paper Application of Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch Algorithm for File Security Ida Bagus Ary Indra Iswara1 , I Ketut Sudarsana2 , Nurlaidy Joice Simamora3 , Vivi Novalia Sitinjak3 , Nurhayati Purba3 , Citra Kurniawan4 , Nurul Aziza5 , Dheasy Herawati5 , Dian Rianita6 , Hengki Mangiring Parulian Simarma- ta7 , Elita Modesta Br Sembiring3 , Ari Riswanto8 , Rosida Tiurma Manurung9 , Sofwan Hadi10 , M Mesiono11 , Andys- ah Putera Utama Siahaan12 , Wirda Fitriani12 , Diana Suita13 , Ramadhona Simbolon14 , Robbi Rahim15* 1 STMIK STIKOM Indonesia, Denpasar, Indonesia 2 Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri, Denpasar, Indonesia 3 Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia 4 Department of Electrical Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknik Malang, Indonesia. 5 Universitas Maarif Hasyim latif, Sidoarjo, Indonesia 6 Universitas Lancang Kuning, Pekanbaru, Indonesia 7 Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia, Indonesia 8 Economic Education and Management, STKIP PGRI Sukabumi, Indonesia 9 Graduate Program in Scientific Psychology, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia 10 IAIN Ponorogo, Indonesia 11 Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia 12 Universitas Pembangunan Pancabudi, Medan, Indonesia 13 Universitas Harapan Medan, Medan, Indonesia 14 Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia 15 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Manajemen Sukma, Medan, Indonesia *Corresponding author E-mail: usurobbi85@zoho.com Abstract The security and speed of data transmission is very important in data communications, the steps that can be done is to use the appropriate cryptographic and compression algorithms in this case is the Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithms combined to get the data safe and also the results good compression so that the transmission process can run properly, safely and quickly Keywords: Security, Data Transmission, Data Encryption Standard, Lempel-Ziv-Welch 1. Introduction Security and confidentiality issues are an important aspect of data, messages and information[1]–[5]. Delivery of a message, data and information of great importance requires a high level of security. With the development of today information is so fast where eve- ryone will be easy to get a message, data and information, it make various ways people do to get the data and information[6]–[11]. Starting from the easy level to the more complicated ways, and many people also try to protect the message so that it cannot be known by people who do not have rights to the message or data[12]–[16]. Addition to the process of securing the data or information also needs to be done the process of measuring the size of a data (Compression)[17], [18]. The purpose of this compression is to speed up the transmission of data or information[19]. Data com- pression also aims to reduce the size of data and can be stored on storage media that has a relatively small size. Security and speed are important in communication using computers and computer networks[20], [21]. Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm are one of the most widely used encryption algorithm in the world[9], [22]. In general, the data encryption standard is divided into three groups, namely key processing, 64 bit encryption and 64 bit data description in which each group will interact with each other. Because DES algorithm has been widely used then here the authors will do a merger of the DES algorithm and LZW algorithm[20], [23], so that the level of security obtained higher and expected data or information cannot be read easily by irresponsible parties. 2. Methodology A. Cryptography Cryptography has an important role in the world of computers. This is caused because the number of confidential information that is stored and sent through computer media[24], [25]. This infor- mation usually contains document documents important financial
784 International Journal of Engineering & Technology data from an agency that do not want to be read by unauthorized person on the information. In general, Cryptography is an information security technique that is done by processing plaintext by using a certain encryption algo- rithm and producing ciphertext that cannot be read directly. Cryptography has a very long and amazing history. Most of the history of Cryptography is part of classical cryptography, which is a cryptographic method that uses paper and pencil or uses simple mechanical aids to date that already use mathematical calculations like the DES (Data Encryption Standard) algorithm. DES is a block cipher algorithm that belongs to a cryptographic system of symmetry[26]. DES operates on a 64 bit block size. DES encrypts 64 bits of plaintext into 64 bit ciphertext using 56 bits of internal keys. The internal keys on the DES Algorithm are generated from external keys that are 64 bits long[27]. B. Compression Data compression is the science or art of representing information in a more compact form. The purpose of data compression is to represent a digital data with as few bits as possible, but retain the minimum requirement to reshape the original data (decompres- sion)[28]. The Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm, developed by Abraham Lempel, Jacob Ziv, and Terry Welch. This algorithm reduces the number of tokens required to 1 symbol only[23], [28]. This sym- bol refers to the index in the dictionary, LZW fills this dictionary with all required alphabet symbols. In the general case, the first 256 index of the dictionary will be filled with ASCII characters from 0-255. Because the dictionary has been filled with all possi- ble characters first, the first input character will always be found in the dictionary. This is why the token in LZW requires only 1 symbol which is a pointer to the dictionary. 3. Results and Discussion Application of file security by implement DES and LZW algo- rithm is made by using Embarcadero Delphi XE5 programming language with windows operating system 10 64 bit, here is the result of testing perform. Fig 1. Main Application Experiment were performed on several document files of different sizes with non-cryptographic DES testing as well as with the DES algorithm, figure 2 and 3 are the result experiment. Table 1. Encryption and Compression Result No Filename Original (KB) Compress(KB) Ratio 1 Chapter_1.doc 1587 1412 11.03 % 2 MOA.txt 78 17 78.20% 3 License.txt 30 5 83.33% 4 Full_theses.docx 6712 5390 19.69% 5 Order.txt 104 29 72.11% Fig 2. Experiment Result 1 Fig 3. Experiment Result 2 Figures 2 and 3 are examples of file security testing using DES algorithm and also compression process using LZW algorithm, testing is done on 2 different files with different sizes but on the results obtained different result which in the file of ratio of securi- ty and compression of 9.46 % while in the text file reached 63.10%, table 1 show few result from encryption and compression. Table 1 shows the results of encryption and compression of three doc file types, docx and txt, from testing by DES and LZW algo- rithm is good for securing data type text not for data or infor- mation containing images, xml information or type BLOB. 4. Conclusion The combination of DES and LZW algorithm on file security can be done well on various file types, but on compression result ob- tained highest ratio is in text file because do not have image or XML data as in Microsoft word file, based on this test got result of combination of DES and LZW whether used transactions or communication in the form of text. References [1] M. Liśkiewicz, R. Reischuk, and U. Wölfel, “Security levels in steganography – Insecurity does not imply detectability,” Theor. Comput. Sci., vol. 692, pp. 25–45, 2017. [2] T. N. Jabeen, M. Chidambaram, and G. Suseendran, “Security and privacy concerned association rule mining technique for the accurate frequent pattern identification,” vol. 7, no. 1.1, pp. 19–24, 2018.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology 785 [3] W. Stallings, Network security essentials : applications and standards. 2011. [4] A. Putera, U. Siahaan, and R. Rahim, “Dynamic Key Matrix of Hill Cipher Using Genetic Algorithm,” Int. J. Secur. Its Appl., vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 173–180, Aug. 2016. [5] R. Rahim, “128 Bit Hash of Variable Length in Short Message Service Security,” Int. J. Secur. Its Appl., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 45–58, Jan. 2017. [6] P. Sethi and V. Kapoor, “A Proposed Novel Architecture for Information Hiding in Image Steganography by Using Genetic Algorithm and Cryptography,” in Procedia Computer Science, 2016, vol. 87, pp. 61–66. [7] A. E. S. Kacaribu and Ratnadewi, “Multiplying cipher images on visual cryptography with ElGamal algorithm,” in 2015 2nd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE), 2015, pp. 159–162. [8] R. I. Al-Khalid, R. A. Al-Dallah, A. M. Al-Anani, R. M. Barham, and S. I. Hajir, “A Secure Visual Cryptography Scheme Using Private Key with Invariant Share Sizes,” J. Softw. Eng. Appl., vol. 10, no. 01, pp. 1–10, Jan. 2017. [9] Ratnadewi, R. P. Adhie, Y. Hutama, A. Saleh Ahmar, and M. I. Setiawan, “Implementation Cryptography Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES) Method in Communication System Based Near Field Communication (NFC),” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 954, no. 1, p. 012009, Jan. 2018. [10] H. Nurdiyanto, R. Rahim, and N. Wulan, “Symmetric Stream Cipher using Triple Transposition Key Method and Base64 Algorithm for Security Improvement,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 930, no. 1, p. 012005, Dec. 2017. [11] D. Abdullah et al., “Super-Encryption Cryptography with IDEA and WAKE Algorithm,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1019, no. 1, p. 012039, Jun. 2018. [12] M. Mesran, M. Syahrizal, and R. Rahim, “Enhanced Security for Data Transaction with Public Key Schnorr Authentication and Digital Signature Protocol,” ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 3839–3846, 2018. [13] H. Nurdiyanto and R. Rahim, “Enhanced pixel value differencing steganography with government standard algorithm,” in 2017 3rd International Conference on Science in Information Technology (ICSITech), 2017, pp. 366–371. [14] E. Kartikadarma, T. Listyorini, and R. Rahim, “An Android mobile RC4 simulation for education,” World Trans. Eng. Technol. Educ., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 75–79, 2018. [15] R. Rahim, “Man-in-the-middle-attack prevention using interlock protocol method,” ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 12, no. 22, pp. 6483–6487, 2017. [16] S. Sriadhi, R. Rahim, and A. S. Ahmar, “RC4 Algorithm Visualization for Cryptography Education,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1028, no. 1, p. 012057, Jun. 2018. [17] A. P. U. Siahaan, “Huffman Text Compression Technique.” [18] D. Salomon, Data Compression The Complete Reference FourthEdition, vol. 53, no. 9. Springer, 2007. [19] D. Salomon and G. Motta, HandBook Of Data Compression. Springer. [20] R. Rahim, M. Dahria, M. Syahril, and B. Anwar, “Combination of the Blowfish and Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithms for text compression,” World Trans. Eng. Technol. Educ., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 292–297, 2017. [21] M. Mesran et al., “Combination Base64 and Hashing Variable Length for Securing Data,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1028, p. 012056, Jun. 2018. [22] B. Schneier, “Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C, Second Edition,” Network. pp. 623–631, 1996. [23] R. Rahim, D. Adyaraka, S. Sallu, E. Sarimanah, and A. Hidayat, “An application data security with lempel - ziv welch and blowfish,” Int. J. Eng. Technol., vol. 7, no. 2.9, pp. 71–73, 2018. [24] D. Nofriansyah et al., “A New Image Encryption Technique Combining Hill Cipher Method , Morse Code and Least Significant Bit Algorithm,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 954, no. 1, p. 012003, 2018. [25] H. Nurdiyanto et al., “Authentication Security in Radio Frequency Identification with IDEA Algorithm,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 384, p. 012042, Jul. 2018. [26] F. N. Pabokory, I. F. Astuti, and A. H. Kridalaksana, “Implementasi Kriptografi Pengamanan Data Pada Pesan Teks, Isi File Dokumen, Dan File Dokumen Menggunakan Algoritma Advanced Encryption Standard,” J. Inform. Mulawarman, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 20–31, 2015. [27] NIST, “Data Encryption Standard,” Fed. Inf. Process. Stand. Publ., 1999. [28] D. Kaur, H. K. Verma, and R. K. Singh, “A hybrid approach of image steganography,” in Proceeding - IEEE International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation, ICCCA 2016, 2017.

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Application of Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch Algorithm for File Security

  • 1. Copyright © 2018 Robbi Rahim. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unre- stricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (3.2) (2018) 783-785 International Journal of Engineering & Technology Website: www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/IJET Research paper Application of Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch Algorithm for File Security Ida Bagus Ary Indra Iswara1 , I Ketut Sudarsana2 , Nurlaidy Joice Simamora3 , Vivi Novalia Sitinjak3 , Nurhayati Purba3 , Citra Kurniawan4 , Nurul Aziza5 , Dheasy Herawati5 , Dian Rianita6 , Hengki Mangiring Parulian Simarma- ta7 , Elita Modesta Br Sembiring3 , Ari Riswanto8 , Rosida Tiurma Manurung9 , Sofwan Hadi10 , M Mesiono11 , Andys- ah Putera Utama Siahaan12 , Wirda Fitriani12 , Diana Suita13 , Ramadhona Simbolon14 , Robbi Rahim15* 1 STMIK STIKOM Indonesia, Denpasar, Indonesia 2 Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri, Denpasar, Indonesia 3 Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia 4 Department of Electrical Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknik Malang, Indonesia. 5 Universitas Maarif Hasyim latif, Sidoarjo, Indonesia 6 Universitas Lancang Kuning, Pekanbaru, Indonesia 7 Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia, Indonesia 8 Economic Education and Management, STKIP PGRI Sukabumi, Indonesia 9 Graduate Program in Scientific Psychology, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung, Indonesia 10 IAIN Ponorogo, Indonesia 11 Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia 12 Universitas Pembangunan Pancabudi, Medan, Indonesia 13 Universitas Harapan Medan, Medan, Indonesia 14 Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia 15 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Manajemen Sukma, Medan, Indonesia *Corresponding author E-mail: usurobbi85@zoho.com Abstract The security and speed of data transmission is very important in data communications, the steps that can be done is to use the appropriate cryptographic and compression algorithms in this case is the Data Encryption Standard and Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithms combined to get the data safe and also the results good compression so that the transmission process can run properly, safely and quickly Keywords: Security, Data Transmission, Data Encryption Standard, Lempel-Ziv-Welch 1. Introduction Security and confidentiality issues are an important aspect of data, messages and information[1]–[5]. Delivery of a message, data and information of great importance requires a high level of security. With the development of today information is so fast where eve- ryone will be easy to get a message, data and information, it make various ways people do to get the data and information[6]–[11]. Starting from the easy level to the more complicated ways, and many people also try to protect the message so that it cannot be known by people who do not have rights to the message or data[12]–[16]. Addition to the process of securing the data or information also needs to be done the process of measuring the size of a data (Compression)[17], [18]. The purpose of this compression is to speed up the transmission of data or information[19]. Data com- pression also aims to reduce the size of data and can be stored on storage media that has a relatively small size. Security and speed are important in communication using computers and computer networks[20], [21]. Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm are one of the most widely used encryption algorithm in the world[9], [22]. In general, the data encryption standard is divided into three groups, namely key processing, 64 bit encryption and 64 bit data description in which each group will interact with each other. Because DES algorithm has been widely used then here the authors will do a merger of the DES algorithm and LZW algorithm[20], [23], so that the level of security obtained higher and expected data or information cannot be read easily by irresponsible parties. 2. Methodology A. Cryptography Cryptography has an important role in the world of computers. This is caused because the number of confidential information that is stored and sent through computer media[24], [25]. This infor- mation usually contains document documents important financial
  • 2. 784 International Journal of Engineering & Technology data from an agency that do not want to be read by unauthorized person on the information. In general, Cryptography is an information security technique that is done by processing plaintext by using a certain encryption algo- rithm and producing ciphertext that cannot be read directly. Cryptography has a very long and amazing history. Most of the history of Cryptography is part of classical cryptography, which is a cryptographic method that uses paper and pencil or uses simple mechanical aids to date that already use mathematical calculations like the DES (Data Encryption Standard) algorithm. DES is a block cipher algorithm that belongs to a cryptographic system of symmetry[26]. DES operates on a 64 bit block size. DES encrypts 64 bits of plaintext into 64 bit ciphertext using 56 bits of internal keys. The internal keys on the DES Algorithm are generated from external keys that are 64 bits long[27]. B. Compression Data compression is the science or art of representing information in a more compact form. The purpose of data compression is to represent a digital data with as few bits as possible, but retain the minimum requirement to reshape the original data (decompres- sion)[28]. The Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm, developed by Abraham Lempel, Jacob Ziv, and Terry Welch. This algorithm reduces the number of tokens required to 1 symbol only[23], [28]. This sym- bol refers to the index in the dictionary, LZW fills this dictionary with all required alphabet symbols. In the general case, the first 256 index of the dictionary will be filled with ASCII characters from 0-255. Because the dictionary has been filled with all possi- ble characters first, the first input character will always be found in the dictionary. This is why the token in LZW requires only 1 symbol which is a pointer to the dictionary. 3. Results and Discussion Application of file security by implement DES and LZW algo- rithm is made by using Embarcadero Delphi XE5 programming language with windows operating system 10 64 bit, here is the result of testing perform. Fig 1. Main Application Experiment were performed on several document files of different sizes with non-cryptographic DES testing as well as with the DES algorithm, figure 2 and 3 are the result experiment. Table 1. Encryption and Compression Result No Filename Original (KB) Compress(KB) Ratio 1 Chapter_1.doc 1587 1412 11.03 % 2 MOA.txt 78 17 78.20% 3 License.txt 30 5 83.33% 4 Full_theses.docx 6712 5390 19.69% 5 Order.txt 104 29 72.11% Fig 2. Experiment Result 1 Fig 3. Experiment Result 2 Figures 2 and 3 are examples of file security testing using DES algorithm and also compression process using LZW algorithm, testing is done on 2 different files with different sizes but on the results obtained different result which in the file of ratio of securi- ty and compression of 9.46 % while in the text file reached 63.10%, table 1 show few result from encryption and compression. Table 1 shows the results of encryption and compression of three doc file types, docx and txt, from testing by DES and LZW algo- rithm is good for securing data type text not for data or infor- mation containing images, xml information or type BLOB. 4. Conclusion The combination of DES and LZW algorithm on file security can be done well on various file types, but on compression result ob- tained highest ratio is in text file because do not have image or XML data as in Microsoft word file, based on this test got result of combination of DES and LZW whether used transactions or communication in the form of text. References [1] M. Liśkiewicz, R. Reischuk, and U. Wölfel, “Security levels in steganography – Insecurity does not imply detectability,” Theor. Comput. Sci., vol. 692, pp. 25–45, 2017. [2] T. N. Jabeen, M. Chidambaram, and G. Suseendran, “Security and privacy concerned association rule mining technique for the accurate frequent pattern identification,” vol. 7, no. 1.1, pp. 19–24, 2018.
  • 3. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 785 [3] W. Stallings, Network security essentials : applications and standards. 2011. [4] A. Putera, U. Siahaan, and R. Rahim, “Dynamic Key Matrix of Hill Cipher Using Genetic Algorithm,” Int. J. Secur. Its Appl., vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 173–180, Aug. 2016. [5] R. Rahim, “128 Bit Hash of Variable Length in Short Message Service Security,” Int. J. Secur. Its Appl., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 45–58, Jan. 2017. [6] P. Sethi and V. Kapoor, “A Proposed Novel Architecture for Information Hiding in Image Steganography by Using Genetic Algorithm and Cryptography,” in Procedia Computer Science, 2016, vol. 87, pp. 61–66. [7] A. E. S. Kacaribu and Ratnadewi, “Multiplying cipher images on visual cryptography with ElGamal algorithm,” in 2015 2nd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE), 2015, pp. 159–162. [8] R. I. Al-Khalid, R. A. Al-Dallah, A. M. Al-Anani, R. M. Barham, and S. I. Hajir, “A Secure Visual Cryptography Scheme Using Private Key with Invariant Share Sizes,” J. Softw. Eng. Appl., vol. 10, no. 01, pp. 1–10, Jan. 2017. [9] Ratnadewi, R. P. Adhie, Y. Hutama, A. Saleh Ahmar, and M. I. Setiawan, “Implementation Cryptography Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES) Method in Communication System Based Near Field Communication (NFC),” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 954, no. 1, p. 012009, Jan. 2018. [10] H. Nurdiyanto, R. Rahim, and N. Wulan, “Symmetric Stream Cipher using Triple Transposition Key Method and Base64 Algorithm for Security Improvement,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 930, no. 1, p. 012005, Dec. 2017. [11] D. Abdullah et al., “Super-Encryption Cryptography with IDEA and WAKE Algorithm,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1019, no. 1, p. 012039, Jun. 2018. [12] M. Mesran, M. Syahrizal, and R. Rahim, “Enhanced Security for Data Transaction with Public Key Schnorr Authentication and Digital Signature Protocol,” ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 3839–3846, 2018. [13] H. Nurdiyanto and R. Rahim, “Enhanced pixel value differencing steganography with government standard algorithm,” in 2017 3rd International Conference on Science in Information Technology (ICSITech), 2017, pp. 366–371. [14] E. Kartikadarma, T. Listyorini, and R. Rahim, “An Android mobile RC4 simulation for education,” World Trans. Eng. Technol. Educ., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 75–79, 2018. [15] R. Rahim, “Man-in-the-middle-attack prevention using interlock protocol method,” ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 12, no. 22, pp. 6483–6487, 2017. [16] S. Sriadhi, R. Rahim, and A. S. Ahmar, “RC4 Algorithm Visualization for Cryptography Education,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1028, no. 1, p. 012057, Jun. 2018. [17] A. P. U. Siahaan, “Huffman Text Compression Technique.” [18] D. Salomon, Data Compression The Complete Reference FourthEdition, vol. 53, no. 9. Springer, 2007. [19] D. Salomon and G. Motta, HandBook Of Data Compression. Springer. [20] R. Rahim, M. Dahria, M. Syahril, and B. Anwar, “Combination of the Blowfish and Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithms for text compression,” World Trans. Eng. Technol. Educ., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 292–297, 2017. [21] M. Mesran et al., “Combination Base64 and Hashing Variable Length for Securing Data,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1028, p. 012056, Jun. 2018. [22] B. Schneier, “Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C, Second Edition,” Network. pp. 623–631, 1996. [23] R. Rahim, D. Adyaraka, S. Sallu, E. Sarimanah, and A. Hidayat, “An application data security with lempel - ziv welch and blowfish,” Int. J. Eng. Technol., vol. 7, no. 2.9, pp. 71–73, 2018. [24] D. Nofriansyah et al., “A New Image Encryption Technique Combining Hill Cipher Method , Morse Code and Least Significant Bit Algorithm,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 954, no. 1, p. 012003, 2018. [25] H. Nurdiyanto et al., “Authentication Security in Radio Frequency Identification with IDEA Algorithm,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 384, p. 012042, Jul. 2018. [26] F. N. Pabokory, I. F. Astuti, and A. H. Kridalaksana, “Implementasi Kriptografi Pengamanan Data Pada Pesan Teks, Isi File Dokumen, Dan File Dokumen Menggunakan Algoritma Advanced Encryption Standard,” J. Inform. Mulawarman, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 20–31, 2015. [27] NIST, “Data Encryption Standard,” Fed. Inf. Process. Stand. Publ., 1999. [28] D. Kaur, H. K. Verma, and R. K. Singh, “A hybrid approach of image steganography,” in Proceeding - IEEE International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation, ICCCA 2016, 2017.