TYPES OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION

This document discusses active and passive insufficiency in muscles. Active insufficiency occurs when a multi-joint muscle shortens over both joints simultaneously, losing tension. Passive insufficiency occurs when a multi-joint muscle is lengthened to its fullest extent at both joints, preventing full range of motion. Examples given are the rectus femoris causing active insufficiency in hip flexion and knee extension together, and the flexor digitorum profundus losing the ability to make a tight fist when the wrist is flexed. The relationship between them is that when the agonist contracts, the antagonist relaxes or lengthens, so the extensibility of the antagonist can limit the agonist's capability,

This document discusses different types of exercises used in physiotherapy, including free exercises, assisted exercises, assisted-resisted exercises, and resisted exercises. It defines each type and describes techniques, effects, and uses. Free exercises use only voluntary muscle action and can be localised or general. Assisted exercises involve a therapist providing support and assistance during a movement. Assisted-resisted exercises combine assistance and resistance. Resisted exercises use forces like weights or elastic bands to oppose muscle movement. The document also covers types of resistance like weights, pulleys, springs, and water. It describes progression of resistance exercises by increasing weight, leverage, speed, or duration. Finally, it discusses reflex movements and specific reflexes like the stretch reflex

This document discusses active movement and resisted exercise. It defines active movement as voluntary movement performed using one's own strength. Resisted exercise involves applying an external force in opposition to muscular contraction to increase tension and develop muscle power and endurance. The document outlines various techniques for resisted exercise, including proper positioning, stabilization, applying traction, and using the correct resisting force matched to the individual's ability. It recommends low resistance with high repetitions to develop endurance and high resistance with low repetitions to build power and muscle size.

The document discusses different types and methods of traction used in physiotherapy. It defines traction as a mechanical force applied to separate joint structures and stretch surrounding soft tissues. There are four main types of traction: mechanical, self, positional, and manual. Mechanical traction can be further divided into over door cervical traction and electrical traction. The document then covers application techniques for cervical, thoracic, and lumbar traction, highlighting factors like force levels, durations, angles, and positioning. Recommended parameters are provided for initial treatment phases and specific treatment goals for each spinal region.

Passive movement involves moving a joint without active muscle contraction and can be classified into three types: relaxed passive movement, forced passive movement, and continuous passive movement (CPM). Relaxed passive movement maintains range of motion through slow, pain-free movements while CPM specifically refers to a device that continuously moves a joint post-surgery to prevent stiffness and adhesions. Both relaxed passive movement and CPM aim to preserve range of motion and circulation. Contraindications include recent fractures or injuries while benefits of CPM include reducing post-operative complications and improving recovery.

This ppt is all about active movements of human body Indications and contraindications are mentioned for the same