5 Active assisted Exercise.pdf

This document discusses different hanging exercises and their muscle involvement and benefits. It describes the flexed arm hang, half hanging, prone falling, and hanging knee raise positions. For each position, it lists the main muscles worked, effects on the body, and common uses for the exercise. The hanging knee raise is highlighted as a way to strengthen the lower abdominal muscles.

The document discusses the scapulohumeral rhythm, which is the coordinated movement between the glenohumeral joint and scapulothoracic joint during shoulder movement. Specifically, it notes that for every 2 degrees of shoulder abduction or flexion, the scapula upwardly rotates approximately 1 degree. This ratio maintains proper shoulder range of motion and prevents impingement. Clinical issues like frozen shoulder and scapular winging can result from impairments affecting the scapulothoracic joint.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Kinesiology ( Biomechanics) for physical therapy students. Reference: JOINT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION - by Pamela K. Levangie. Easy to understand and with lot of examples.

This ppt is all about active movements of human body Indications and contraindications are mentioned for the same

introduction, morphology, structure, epimysium , perimysium, endomysium, organization of contractile unit, cross- bridge interaction, types of muscle contraction, eccentric, concentric, isometric, isokinetic, isointertial, isotonic, passive tension, active tension, length- tension relationship, load- velocity relationship, force- time relationship, effect of skeletal muscle architecture, effect of pre- stretching, effect of fatigue, effect of temperature, muscle fibre differentiation

This document defines and describes the different types of muscle work. There are two main types: static work where the muscle maintains posture without movement, and dynamic work where the muscle produces movement. Static work includes isometric contractions that generate force without length change. Dynamic work includes three types of contractions - isotonic where tension is constant during movement, isokinetic where velocity is constant, and isoinertial where resistance remains constant.

The elbow complex is designed to provide mobility and stability for the hand. It consists of three joints - the humeroulnar joint between the humerus and ulna, the humeroradial joint between the humerus and radius, and the superior and inferior radioulnar joints. These joints allow for flexion-extension, pronation, and supination movements. The elbow is stabilized by ligaments and muscles like the biceps brachi, triceps, and pronators. Common problems affecting the elbow include tennis elbow, golfer's elbow, nursemaid's elbow, and cubital tunnel syndrome.

suspension therapy in details with the principles, indications, benefits, advantages and disadvantages, materials required for performing activities using suspension techniques.

The document summarizes the biomechanics of the ankle joint complex. It describes the anatomy and function of the talocrural joint (ankle joint), subtalar joint, and transverse tarsal joint. The ankle-foot complex consists of 28 bones and 25 joints that allow the foot to meet stability and mobility demands through dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, pronation, and supination movements. Key bones include the talus, tibia, and fibula. Ligaments such as the deltoid and tibiofibular ligaments provide stability to the ankle mortise.

The document discusses scapulohumeral rhythm, which refers to the coordinated motion between the scapula and humerus during shoulder movement. There is typically a 2:1 ratio of humeral movement to scapular movement. Abnormal scapulohumeral rhythm can be caused by injuries or weakness and can be assessed using tests like the lateral scapular slide test and scapular dyskinesis test. Physical therapy management focuses on stretching shortened muscles and strengthening the scapular stabilizers to improve rhythm and mechanics.

The knee is a complex joint composed of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints. It functions to provide mobility and support body weight during both static and dynamic activities. The knee joint contains menisci that increase joint congruence and distribute weight forces. It also contains cruciate and collateral ligaments that restrict motion and provide stability. During flexion and extension, the tibia glides and rotates on the femur through rolling and sliding motions controlled by the ligaments and menisci.

The document summarizes the anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder joint. It describes the three joints that make up the shoulder complex - the sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, and glenohumeral joint. For each joint, it outlines the bony structures, ligaments, range of motion, and stabilizing muscles involved. It then discusses the kinetics of the glenohumeral joint, including the static stabilization of the humeral head both with the arm unloaded and loaded at the side through the resultant force of surrounding structures.