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1 vote
0 answers
40 views

What is / how do I find the general ratios of all of the materials used in a cmos chip?

I am doing a life cycle assessment of a CMOS chip. But I am struggling a lot in finding the general ratios or quantities of the materials used in a chip, which is necessary for calculation of ...
6 votes
1 answer
163 views

MOSFET switching on

I have a doubt. Consider an N-MOSFET: which is the voltage that can switch on it? The voltage between Gate and? Sometimes I read "between Gate and Bulk", sometimes "between Gate and Source", sometimes ...
0 votes
1 answer
99 views

Process compatibility between a non-planar avalanche photodiode and planar CMOS at 0.130μm process technology node

I plan to integrate a non-planar P⁺⁺/i/P⁺/N⁺⁺ avalanche photodiode (APD) array with a peripheral control circuit (e.g., trans-impedance amplifier, analog-to-digital converter, and quenching circuit) ...
2 votes
1 answer
545 views

Purpose of field implant in semiconductor manufacturing

I recently joined the semiconductor manufacturing industry. In one of the process flows, I see a stage that has extra boron implantation step (called the field implant) in the P-WELL region. I've ...
3 votes
5 answers
3k views

Why reverse connected MOSFET start to turn on at Vgs<Vth?

The circuit shown below is implemented using two AO3400 N-MOSFETs. AO4300 datasheet here. The right-hand MOSFET is connected with normal polarity (Vds is positive), while the left-hand MOSFET is ...
6 votes
1 answer
3k views

Why does higher temperature decrease NMOS threshold voltage?

The threshold voltage of a MOSFET decreases as temperature increases. I don't understand this. Consider an n-type MOSFET that is fabricated in a p-doped silicon substrate. For a channel/inversion ...
0 votes
2 answers
210 views

Could we use holes in an NMOS?

In an NMOS we have a p-substrate, and we use a positive voltage to attract negative charge "to the top". But could we have used negative charge to attract holes instead and gotten a "...
3 votes
4 answers
3k views

How do processor transistor counts keep increasing, without geometric scaling?

Reading into the history of the semiconductor industry and Moore's Law, and looking at the ITRS/IRDS documents, I understand that scaling down and modern node names (7nm, 5nm etc) are now "...
3 votes
1 answer
896 views

What exactly do the well taps in MOSFETs do and how?

Do they affect the flow of charge carriers or charge concentrations at all in the device? How so? Up to this point I've tried to visualize the effects that the various doped areas had on device ...
0 votes
0 answers
253 views

What does "field" in field oxide mean?

This is an excerpt from Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits by Behzad Razavi. What does "field" in field oxide mean here, electric field?
0 votes
3 answers
667 views

Mosfet Threshold Voltage

from MOS theory we know that, in case of a P substrate, a Gate-Bulk voltage higher than a certain threshold value creates an inversion layer, in this case made of negative charges. This is also ...
0 votes
0 answers
43 views

Short Channel MOSFET model

I was reading on a book (Thomas Lee, The Design of CMOS Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits) that in a short channel model, since the phenomenon of drift speed saturation is very relevant, it is a ...
2 votes
4 answers
2k views

Why propagation delay is measured at 50% of the input and output waveform?

I didn't find the concept of propagation delay measured at a particular point on the waveform.
0 votes
1 answer
441 views

Why does the current in MOSFET have a quadratic function (explain logically without using the integration method)?

The current equation relating Vds ,Vgs and Vt is already known to us ,but if there is any way we can find out how it varies quadratically without using the formulae?
2 votes
3 answers
824 views

Latch-Up in CMOS-Devices

I recently read something about the latch-up effect in CMOS-Structures but I don't understand why are MOSFETs affected by this effect. I understand that high currents through the source-drain path ...

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