Review for Secure Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
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This document reviews techniques for secure data aggregation in wireless sensor networks. It discusses two main approaches: hop-by-hop encryption and end-to-end encryption. With hop-by-hop encryption, data is encrypted at each node and decrypted and re-encrypted by aggregator nodes. With end-to-end encryption, data is only decrypted at the base station. The document also proposes using an efficient distributed trust model to evaluate the trustworthiness of nodes to help avoid false data aggregation. Secure data aggregation aims to provide data confidentiality, integrity, authentication and availability while reducing energy consumption through efficient aggregation in wireless sensor networks.
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![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1400
Review for Secure Data Aggregation In Wireless Sensor Networks
Shweta Rana, Prof. Arundhati Dudhgoankar
1Department of MCA , Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering college
2Professor, Department of MCA & Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering college, Maharashtra, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Now a day data aggregation is widely used
technique in WSN. Security is important issue in data
aggregation. In many application ,the data collected from
particular node is aggregate at a base station. Data
aggregation is a technique to process and analysis the
collected data fromsurroundingenvironment. Inthispaperwe
express or represent achieving security in wsn for data
aggregation using Hop-by-Hop and End-to-End data
aggregation encryption model research have focus on
avoiding forgery using above techniques.
Key Words: Wireless Sensor Network, Data Aggregation,
Security Requirement.
1. INTRODUCTION
Wireless sensor network can be define infrastructure less
wireless network to observe surrounding environmental
condition such as temperature, motion, vibration,sound etc.
In wsn have been successfully applied in various application
domain like military application, area monitoring, health
application, environmental sensing etc. The sensor have
rigid component in term of storage, cpu, battery power,
network bandwidth. Data aggregation is a technique to
remove unnecessary transmission from collected data and
provide information to base station. The main function of
data aggregation subdue the redundancy, so that lifetime
network is improve. Usually, two method can be used for
secure data aggregationin wsn:Hop-by-HopandEnd-to-End
encrypted data aggregation. In Hop-by-Hop sensing node
generate data encrypt it and send it to the aggregator, this
encrypt data decrypted at the aggregator encrypted back
after aggregation. This is repeated at every node. In End-to-
End the sensing node encrypt the data but only base station
has to decrypt. Data encryption and decryption done only at
the end[6].
2. DATA AGGREGATION IN WSN
Data aggregation is an efficient way to minimize energy
consumption. On sensor data aggregation is defined as the
process of aggregation of data from the multiple sensor to
eliminate unnecessary or redundant transmission and
provide combined information to the base station. Base
station send queries to the network instead of sending each
sensor node data to the base station, one of the sensor node
data aggregator. It collects the information from its
neighboring nodes,aggregatethemandsendthe basestation
over a multi hop path. The data collected from sensor needs
to be processed in order to extract meaningful information
from it may time this processing is done by means of
aggregation function like SUM, AVERAGE, MEAN, MEDIAN,
etc. Data aggregation in sensor network portion to the
processing of sensor data, with in the network in a
distributed manner. In fig[1] if each sensor has to send its
reading back to the base station, withoutaggregationeach of
the leaf node sensor generates a reading of sends it to its
parent.
fig.[1] data aggregation in wsn
In network data aggregation also enable the network to
directly. Provide service rather than raw data, when we
enable the nodes to do computation and processing of data
rather than just sensing and forwarding message, sensor
process processed information instead of just raw data.
3. SECURITY REQUIREMENT OF DATA
AGGREGATION
Data aggregation is an efficient way to minimize energy
consumption on sensor but it also create new security
challenges. Security is the important issuein wsnitis related
with data aggregation process[3][8].
I)Data Confidentiality:
Data confidentiality is a fundamental issue in everyaspect of
security. Confidentiality is equivalent to privacy. The data
confidentiality is protecting the data from unauthorized
access. It can be divided into Hop-by-Hop basis and End-to-
End basis.](https://cdn.statically.io/img/image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v4i10256-171201094048/85/Review-for-Secure-Data-Aggregation-in-Wireless-Sensor-Networks-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1401
fig.[2] wireless sensor network security issue
II)Data Integrity:
Data integrity assured that a message being transferred is
never computed. Data integrity deals with insuring that the
received data has not been tempered with in the path
between in receiver and sender. Integrity engage maintain
the truth and honesty of data in the entire network.
III)Data Authentication:
Data authentication permits a sensor node to ensure the
identity of the peer node. Data authenticationguaranteethat
the reported data is the same as the original one. Senderand
receiver share a secret key to calculate the message
authentication code for all transmitted data.
IV)Data Availability:
Once the attacker gets into the wsn by compromising a
node, the attack will affect especially in those party of the
network where the attack has been launched. Availability
of data aggregation is more important than regular sensor
node.
4. SECURE DATA AGGREGATION PHASE
Data aggregation schemes can be classified into 2 groups
based on the type of encryption is used:
1) Hop-by-Hop
2) End-to-End
1) Hop-by-Hop Encryption:
In Hop-by-Hop encryption[6], the bootstrapping
phase used, the keys are securely distributed to the
sensor these keys are brought into used in the data
aggregation phase. Sensing node generate data
encrypt it and send it to the aggregator, this
encrypted data is decrypted at the aggregator node
and encrypted back after aggregation this is
repeated at every node. The encryption can either
be symmetric or asymmetric key. The parent
decrypts the data using the sharedpair wisekeyand
aggregate all such data received from its children.
This process continuous till the data reaches the
base station which decrypts it in a similar fashion.
2) End-to-End Encryption:
In End-to-End Encryption[6] provide protection
from this, as the data is not decrypted. Anywhere in
the network, but the base station also, since
encryption and decryption operations are
computationally expensive and time consuming.
End-to-End encryption help save resource data
encryption and decryption done only at the end, to
achieve End-to-End security. This can bedoneusing
homomorphism encryption algorithm. In that, the
sensor use public key to encrypt the data andsendit
to their parent. The parent receives the encrypted
data from all its children.
We also provide secure data aggregationbytrustmodel:
Efficient Distributed Trust Model
fig.[3] EDTM data flow diagram
In wireless sensor network efficient distributed trust model
is used to compute the direct trust and recommendation
trust while calculating the direct trust, the other trust like
communication trust, energy trust, etc are consider.
Recommendation trust is to improve accuracy for sensor
node. The EDTM model[5][7] detects the harmful node
based. EDTM provide more security and increase the packet
delivery ratio. In WSN, EDTM providetrustworthiness for all
the sensor node in the network node used for data
aggregation may not be malevolent node therefore by using
EDTM in wireless sensor network before data aggregation
process can help in avoiding false data aggregation. There
are 3 kinds of node in the network subject node,
recommender and object node. If a sensornodeAtrustvalue
another node B. The evaluating sensornodeAisreference as
WSN SECURITY
wsn
wsn
Data
confidentiality
Data
integrity
Data
authentication
Data
availability
EDTM
Trust worthiness of node
Multi hop network
Directly communication
with neighbour node
Calculate trust values
Based on subject
observation
Recommendation](https://cdn.statically.io/img/www.slideshare.net/data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Review for Secure Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1400 Review for Secure Data Aggregation In Wireless Sensor Networks Shweta Rana, Prof. Arundhati Dudhgoankar 1Department of MCA , Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering college 2Professor, Department of MCA & Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering college, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Now a day data aggregation is widely used technique in WSN. Security is important issue in data aggregation. In many application ,the data collected from particular node is aggregate at a base station. Data aggregation is a technique to process and analysis the collected data fromsurroundingenvironment. Inthispaperwe express or represent achieving security in wsn for data aggregation using Hop-by-Hop and End-to-End data aggregation encryption model research have focus on avoiding forgery using above techniques. Key Words: Wireless Sensor Network, Data Aggregation, Security Requirement. 1. INTRODUCTION Wireless sensor network can be define infrastructure less wireless network to observe surrounding environmental condition such as temperature, motion, vibration,sound etc. In wsn have been successfully applied in various application domain like military application, area monitoring, health application, environmental sensing etc. The sensor have rigid component in term of storage, cpu, battery power, network bandwidth. Data aggregation is a technique to remove unnecessary transmission from collected data and provide information to base station. The main function of data aggregation subdue the redundancy, so that lifetime network is improve. Usually, two method can be used for secure data aggregationin wsn:Hop-by-HopandEnd-to-End encrypted data aggregation. In Hop-by-Hop sensing node generate data encrypt it and send it to the aggregator, this encrypt data decrypted at the aggregator encrypted back after aggregation. This is repeated at every node. In End-to- End the sensing node encrypt the data but only base station has to decrypt. Data encryption and decryption done only at the end[6]. 2. DATA AGGREGATION IN WSN Data aggregation is an efficient way to minimize energy consumption. On sensor data aggregation is defined as the process of aggregation of data from the multiple sensor to eliminate unnecessary or redundant transmission and provide combined information to the base station. Base station send queries to the network instead of sending each sensor node data to the base station, one of the sensor node data aggregator. It collects the information from its neighboring nodes,aggregatethemandsendthe basestation over a multi hop path. The data collected from sensor needs to be processed in order to extract meaningful information from it may time this processing is done by means of aggregation function like SUM, AVERAGE, MEAN, MEDIAN, etc. Data aggregation in sensor network portion to the processing of sensor data, with in the network in a distributed manner. In fig[1] if each sensor has to send its reading back to the base station, withoutaggregationeach of the leaf node sensor generates a reading of sends it to its parent. fig.[1] data aggregation in wsn In network data aggregation also enable the network to directly. Provide service rather than raw data, when we enable the nodes to do computation and processing of data rather than just sensing and forwarding message, sensor process processed information instead of just raw data. 3. SECURITY REQUIREMENT OF DATA AGGREGATION Data aggregation is an efficient way to minimize energy consumption on sensor but it also create new security challenges. Security is the important issuein wsnitis related with data aggregation process[3][8]. I)Data Confidentiality: Data confidentiality is a fundamental issue in everyaspect of security. Confidentiality is equivalent to privacy. The data confidentiality is protecting the data from unauthorized access. It can be divided into Hop-by-Hop basis and End-to- End basis.
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1401 fig.[2] wireless sensor network security issue II)Data Integrity: Data integrity assured that a message being transferred is never computed. Data integrity deals with insuring that the received data has not been tempered with in the path between in receiver and sender. Integrity engage maintain the truth and honesty of data in the entire network. III)Data Authentication: Data authentication permits a sensor node to ensure the identity of the peer node. Data authenticationguaranteethat the reported data is the same as the original one. Senderand receiver share a secret key to calculate the message authentication code for all transmitted data. IV)Data Availability: Once the attacker gets into the wsn by compromising a node, the attack will affect especially in those party of the network where the attack has been launched. Availability of data aggregation is more important than regular sensor node. 4. SECURE DATA AGGREGATION PHASE Data aggregation schemes can be classified into 2 groups based on the type of encryption is used: 1) Hop-by-Hop 2) End-to-End 1) Hop-by-Hop Encryption: In Hop-by-Hop encryption[6], the bootstrapping phase used, the keys are securely distributed to the sensor these keys are brought into used in the data aggregation phase. Sensing node generate data encrypt it and send it to the aggregator, this encrypted data is decrypted at the aggregator node and encrypted back after aggregation this is repeated at every node. The encryption can either be symmetric or asymmetric key. The parent decrypts the data using the sharedpair wisekeyand aggregate all such data received from its children. This process continuous till the data reaches the base station which decrypts it in a similar fashion. 2) End-to-End Encryption: In End-to-End Encryption[6] provide protection from this, as the data is not decrypted. Anywhere in the network, but the base station also, since encryption and decryption operations are computationally expensive and time consuming. End-to-End encryption help save resource data encryption and decryption done only at the end, to achieve End-to-End security. This can bedoneusing homomorphism encryption algorithm. In that, the sensor use public key to encrypt the data andsendit to their parent. The parent receives the encrypted data from all its children. We also provide secure data aggregationbytrustmodel: Efficient Distributed Trust Model fig.[3] EDTM data flow diagram In wireless sensor network efficient distributed trust model is used to compute the direct trust and recommendation trust while calculating the direct trust, the other trust like communication trust, energy trust, etc are consider. Recommendation trust is to improve accuracy for sensor node. The EDTM model[5][7] detects the harmful node based. EDTM provide more security and increase the packet delivery ratio. In WSN, EDTM providetrustworthiness for all the sensor node in the network node used for data aggregation may not be malevolent node therefore by using EDTM in wireless sensor network before data aggregation process can help in avoiding false data aggregation. There are 3 kinds of node in the network subject node, recommender and object node. If a sensornodeAtrustvalue another node B. The evaluating sensornodeAisreference as WSN SECURITY wsn wsn Data confidentiality Data integrity Data authentication Data availability EDTM Trust worthiness of node Multi hop network Directly communication with neighbour node Calculate trust values Based on subject observation Recommendation
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1402 subject node and the evaluated node B is the object node. The trust value is calculated from a third party. By using EDTM in WSN before data aggregationitcanavoidedforgery data. 5. CONCLUSIONS In these paper is studied about data aggregation, security requirement or issues and secure data aggregation phase in wireless sensor network. In additional it reviewedabout the efficient distributed trust model (EDTM) for data aggregation basically important requirement of WSN are excellent security with high energy efficiency. These paper have focus on avoiding data forgery or falsification data to reduces the energy consumption. It avoiding multiple redundant or unnecessary data transmission data from multiple sensor using above techniques during aggregation process. REFERENCES 1) M. Suraj, B. Raja, T. Vengaltaraman “ Secure Data Aggregation In Wireless Sensor Network Using Trust Model” in IJEST April-2016 2) Yingpeng Sang, Hong Shen “Secure Data Aggregation In WSN: A survey” 3) N. Vidhya, Dr. P. Sengottuvelan “Secure Data Aggregation Technique In Wireless Sensor Network” in IJIRCCE Oct-2015 4) Vimal Kamal and Sanjay Madria “Secure Data Aggregation In Wireless Sensor Network” 5) Nefilda K. Joseph, Jathin Jos “A Secure EDTM For Wireless Sensor Network” in IJSER FEB-2016 6) Patel Swapnil “Secure data aggregation in Wireless Sensor Network :A survey ” 7) Dheeraj Vdayaravi Moorti, Shih Yu Chang “An Efficient Distributed Trust Model For Wireless Sensor Network” in IJMETMR 8) Hani Alzaid, Ernest Foo, Gunzales Nieto “Secure Data Aggregation In WSN: A survey ” 9) S. Shashank, R.Precila “An Efficient Distributed Trust Model for Secure Transmission In Wireless Sensor Network” in IJETCSE Mar-2016