The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
To Review the Impact and Copping Strategies of Climate Change in Developing C...
Rapid change in climate is set to alter the delicate balance that exists between man and nature. The literature to this effect points out that the poorest countries and communities are likely to suffer the most because of their geographic locations, low income and low institutional capacity, as well as their greater reliance on climate-sensitive sectors like agriculture. Even if climate mitigations plans are implemented properly there will be some degree of warming due to inertia of emissions already released. As such, there is a strong consensus about the need of adaptation to changing climatic conditions. Adaptation to climate change is given increasing international attention as the confidence in climate change projections is getting higher. Developing countries have specific needs for adaptation due to high vulnerabilities, and they will in this way carry a great part of the global costs of climate change although the rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations are mainly the responsibility of industrialized countries. Adaptation is believed to enhance the resilience against increasing climate variability. In this backdrop, the objective of the present paper is, therefore, to systematically and critically review the existing literature on the impacts of climate change and choice of adaptations across countries and draw insights for suggesting a comprehensive policy framework particularly for developing countries in this regard. The paper finds that the role of government and civil society is crucial for enabling efficient adaptation methods. Development policies and programs having synergy effect with climate change initiatives help adapt with the changing climate better. However, the availability of clean technology in developing countries will play the decisive role in controlling their growth rate of emission.
Climate change is threatening Nepal's natural resources, livelihoods, and development. Nepal is highly vulnerable to climate impacts like changing precipitation patterns, glacial melt, floods, landslides, and droughts. Average temperatures in Nepal have been rising, rainfall is becoming more variable, and extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and intense. Key vulnerable sectors include water resources, agriculture, ecosystems, and communities in poverty. Urgent national measures are needed to address current and future climate vulnerabilities and their effects on water availability, natural disasters, and livelihoods in order to promote sustainable development.
Climate change adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers the case of babil...
This document discusses a study on climate change adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers in the Babilie District of Ethiopia. It provides background on climate change impacts on agriculture in Ethiopia and challenges smallholder farmers face. The study used surveys of 160 households and focus groups to understand factors influencing farmers' choices of adaptation strategies. A multinomial logistic regression analysis found that sex, age, education, family size, livestock ownership, income, credit access, distance to market, extension services, agro-ecological zone, climate information, and extension contact significantly impacted adaptation strategy choices. The document recommends future policies focus on awareness raising, social networks, credit access, and research on new crop varieties.
Climate change awareness and coping strategies of cocoa farmers in rural ghana
This document summarizes a study that assessed cocoa farmers' awareness of and perceptions about climate change in Ghana. The following key points were made:
1. The study found that cocoa farmers across Ghana's cocoa growing regions are highly aware of climate change and its impacts on their farming activities from planting to harvesting.
2. Farmers perceived several causes of climate change including acts of God, deforestation, heavy machinery, urbanization, and human sinfulness. The most commonly perceived cause was that climate change signifies the end of times according to God's plan.
3. Farmers have adopted various coping strategies in response to climate impacts, such as soil fertility management, shade management, and farm size adjustments. However
This document examines agroforestry as an adaptation method for African smallholder farmers facing increased weather extremes due to climate change. It discusses how agroforestry can strengthen food system resilience by providing additional crops and income sources while improving soil and water management. However, adoption of agroforestry in sub-Saharan Africa has been low due to various barriers. Overcoming these barriers is important for smallholder farmers to adapt their food production through low-cost agroforestry methods.
This document discusses the effects of climate change on agriculture in semi-arid tropical regions, using examples from Ethiopia. It introduces climate and climate change concepts, and notes that rainfall variability is a major problem for Ethiopian farmers. The document then provides 5 examples of how climate change is negatively impacting agriculture in different areas of Ethiopia. It concludes by outlining possible adaptation measures, including changes to cultural practices, irrigation, and switching to more drought-tolerant crops. Appropriate scientific assessment and research are needed to design effective adaptation strategies.
Resilience of riparian populations of the Agoua and Toui-Kilibo classified fo...
This research aims to strengthen the resilience of populations living along the Agoua and Toui-Kilibo protected forests. Its main aim is to analyze the adaptation measures used by the riparian populations and propose actions to strengthen their resilience. Data were collected from semi-structured individual interviews with each head of household or his/her sponsor in his/her household or field or plantation within and/or around the CF. Focus group interviews with key informants (between 05 and 13 participants representing the diversity of socio-professional or socio-cultural groups and gender-sensitive) were also conducted in riparian communities and within the CF. This data was collected through the QField application. The resulting database was transferred to the Excel spreadsheet for clearing and processing. For the processing of these data several parameters were calculated, in particular the importance value (IV), the response rate at the level of each respondent. In addition, the resilience of populations was assessed. To this end, the proposal for options to improve the resilience of communities bordering the Agoua and TK forests is based on the Multidimensional Resilience Index (MRI). For the calculation of resilience the basic variables are grouped into a set of actions which are themselves grouped into a set of seven (7) options. The various shares have been converted into indices called “core indices” and are calculated and obtained at the level of each option. Option-level indices are also calculated taking into account the indices previously calculated at the equity level. Finally, the Multidimensional Resilience Index is obtained by calculating the weighted arithmetic average of the indices calculated at the option level. The options that have attracted community attention are sustainable land management (4.1), and capacity building (3.89). These two options scored substantially 4, which shows that the communities are resilient. Improved social and cultural living conditions (3.33) can also strengthen the resilience of communities. Environmental protection, organizational level, institutional support and the creation of economic activities have a score ranging from 2 to 2.83. Actions to implement the priority options for adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change will reduce the vulnerability of the populations living near Agoua and Toui-Kilibo protected forests.
Effectiveness of Adaptation Measures Taken by Farmers in the Field of Effects...
It is evident that climate change affects the well being of farmers and increases their vulnerability in the future if no action is taken into account by them. In fact, Various adaptation measures, such as crop diversification, changes in the dates of semi and crops, use of seed and fertilizer varieties, irrigation, use of tractors etc. are carried out by Farmers. However, these different measures have not yet had the same effect in reducing the negative effects of climate change on agriculture. Thus, this paper aims at evaluating empirically assess the effectiveness of these measures or strategies of adaptations on the performance of farms in Benin. Using the estimation technique of MCO, estimating the technical efficiency of farmers' production reveals that the use of improved seeds and fertilizers also reduces the negative impact of climate change In addition, land irrigation and the number of weeding remain influential factors for which we do not have the necessary statistics to assess their efficiencies
Climate change in Uganda: Insights for long-term adaptation and building comm...
This briefing paper highlights key challenges and issues for
consideration in policy development and planning processes at
community, local, national and regional levels towards creating
awareness and building resilience to climate change impacts in
Uganda. It’s an output from a review of various documents and
literature on climate change impacts and responses in Uganda
and else where. Furthermore, it’s informed by Environmental
Alert’s experiences and lessons generated through facilitating
initiatives to support climate change adaptation at community
and local levels particularly in the West Nile region (in the districts
of Adjumani, Moyo and Yumbe) and Lukwanga Parish in Wakiso
district, Central region of Uganda; and also targeted engagement
with key policy and decision makers at all levels including local,
national, regional and international on issues of climate change. It
is targeting key stakeholders at all levels (including local leaders,
Government, Development Partners, Civil Society, Policy Makers,
Political Leaders, Private Sector, Academia, Research Institutions,
Cultural and Faith Based Leaders and Communities among others;
to mainstream, prioritize and support climate change adaptation
actions at all levels of planning and development.
Climate change is expected to have significant impacts in Nepal:
- Temperatures are increasing faster than the global average, with winters warming more than summers. Extreme weather events will become more common.
- Agriculture, which many depend on for livelihood, will be negatively impacted. Staple crops like rice, wheat and maize are expected to see decreased yields.
- Glacial retreat and increased glacial lake outburst floods pose catastrophic flooding risks. The frequency and size of such events are increasing.
- Other impacts include increased water-borne diseases, altered ecosystems affecting livelihoods, and substantial expected economic losses.
- Adaptation is a priority given Nepal's high vulnerability and existing low
The Role of developing countries in achieving Climate protection goals
The document discusses the role of developing countries in achieving climate protection goals. It notes that developing countries are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The document then provides examples of climate impacts in different regions of the developing world, including increased water scarcity in Africa, decreased agricultural productivity in Asia, and effects on ecosystems and water resources in Latin America. It also examines Ghana as a case study, outlining Ghana's climate mitigation and adaptation strategies as well as some of the challenges it faces. The document argues that developing countries will require assistance to effectively adapt to climate change impacts.
The Impact of Climate Change on Teff Production in Southeast Tigray, Ethiopia
The document discusses a study on the impact of climate change on teff production in Southeast Tigray, Ethiopia. It finds that climate factors, particularly temperature and rainfall, significantly influence net teff revenues. Increasing temperature was found to reduce teff revenues, while increasing rainfall was found to increase teff revenues. Adaptation to climate change was also found to play a key role in net revenues. The study utilized a Ricardian model and data from 210 farming households across three agro-ecological zones to analyze how various factors, including climate, socioeconomic characteristics, and adaptations strategies, influence teff production and revenues.
Climate Change & Its Implications to Livelihoods and Economic Development in...
Climate change will have significant implications for livelihoods and economic development in Uganda if actions are not taken. Prolonged droughts from climate change are already occurring and have resulted in crop failures and food insecurity impacting over 1.8 million people in 1993-1994 and 3.5 million people in 1999. As droughts and unreliable rainfall increase due to climate change, agriculture production and livestock rearing, which account for a major part of Uganda's GDP, will be severely threatened, negatively impacting the country's economy and development. Urgent action is needed now to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change in order to reduce vulnerability and support continued economic growth.
The document discusses the impacts of climate change on agriculture in Nepal. It notes that global temperatures have increased by 0.8°C over the past century due to human activity. Climate change is predicted to cause rising temperatures, shifting climatic zones, and more extreme weather. This will lead to impacts like changing crop cycles, loss of native species, and decreased agricultural yields from droughts and floods. The document recommends ways for agriculture in Nepal to adapt, such as using resistant crops, water management strategies, and integrating livestock and forestry. It also stresses the need for policies, research, and community engagement to build adaptive capacity.
This document summarizes a study assessing the impact of climate change on crop yields in Bako Tibe Woreda, Ethiopia. Historical climate and crop yield data from 1989-2018 were analyzed. Temperature trends significantly increased while precipitation trends decreased insignificantly. Agricultural drought was analyzed using SPEI and occurred 4 times in the last 3 decades, covering 36% of the district. Crop yields of teff, wheat, barley and maize were significantly correlated with drought indices. The study shows increased temperature and precipitation variability have enhanced drought frequency and intensity, impacting selected crop yields. Improved agricultural technologies and short season crop varieties are needed to enhance farmer capacity.
Analysis of farmers perceptions of the effects of climate change in kenya the...Alexander Decker
This study analyzed farmers' perceptions of climate change in Kyuso District, Kenya. The study found that 94% of farmers surveyed perceived that the climate was changing. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors influencing farmers' perceptions. The model found that characteristics like age, gender, education level, farming experience, household size, distance to markets, access to irrigation, local environment, access to climate information and extension services, off-farm income, and changes in temperature and precipitation had significant impacts on farmers' likelihood of perceiving climate change. The study concluded that since perception of climate change was high, policies should focus on helping farmers adapt to climate change impacts.
Climate Change and Its Impact on Agricultural Production: An Empirical Review...Premier Publishers
Agriculture, which is the mainstay of the economies of many developing countries, is highly depends on climatic conditions. This paper aimed at reviewing the climate change and its impacts on agricultural production with the specific objectives of reviewing the farmer’s adaptation strategies and barriers to the climate change and the impacts of climate change on agricultural production and food security in sub Saharan Africa countries. Empirical evidence shows that most of the smallholder famers in Sub-Saharan Africa have experienced the adaptation strategy of switching from planting high water-requirement to low water-requirement crops, planting diversified crops, changed planting dates to correspond to the change in the precipitation pattern and mixed cropping. The farmers’ ability to adapt to climate change has faced by access to information, extension services and access to credit. The effect of long-term mean climate change has significance impacts on global food production and affects all dimensions of food security in several ways ranging from direct effects on crop production to changes in markets, food prices and supply chain infrastructure which may require ongoing adaptation. Finally, effective institutions on climate change at the global level help to facilitate the policy implementations and to combat the impact of climate change.
Climate change mitigation and adaptation 2011ver2cenafrica
This document provides an overview of Module Three which focuses on climate change and agriculture. It defines key concepts related to climate change impacts, vulnerability, adaptation, and mitigation. It discusses how climate change negatively impacts agriculture globally and regionally through changes in temperature, precipitation, and increased frequency of extreme weather events. Adaptation and coping strategies for agriculture are discussed. The module also covers agricultural innovations and systems for adapting to and mitigating climate change impacts.
To Review the Impact and Copping Strategies of Climate Change in Developing C...AI Publications
Rapid change in climate is set to alter the delicate balance that exists between man and nature. The literature to this effect points out that the poorest countries and communities are likely to suffer the most because of their geographic locations, low income and low institutional capacity, as well as their greater reliance on climate-sensitive sectors like agriculture. Even if climate mitigations plans are implemented properly there will be some degree of warming due to inertia of emissions already released. As such, there is a strong consensus about the need of adaptation to changing climatic conditions. Adaptation to climate change is given increasing international attention as the confidence in climate change projections is getting higher. Developing countries have specific needs for adaptation due to high vulnerabilities, and they will in this way carry a great part of the global costs of climate change although the rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations are mainly the responsibility of industrialized countries. Adaptation is believed to enhance the resilience against increasing climate variability. In this backdrop, the objective of the present paper is, therefore, to systematically and critically review the existing literature on the impacts of climate change and choice of adaptations across countries and draw insights for suggesting a comprehensive policy framework particularly for developing countries in this regard. The paper finds that the role of government and civil society is crucial for enabling efficient adaptation methods. Development policies and programs having synergy effect with climate change initiatives help adapt with the changing climate better. However, the availability of clean technology in developing countries will play the decisive role in controlling their growth rate of emission.
Climate change is threatening Nepal's natural resources, livelihoods, and development. Nepal is highly vulnerable to climate impacts like changing precipitation patterns, glacial melt, floods, landslides, and droughts. Average temperatures in Nepal have been rising, rainfall is becoming more variable, and extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and intense. Key vulnerable sectors include water resources, agriculture, ecosystems, and communities in poverty. Urgent national measures are needed to address current and future climate vulnerabilities and their effects on water availability, natural disasters, and livelihoods in order to promote sustainable development.
Climate change adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers the case of babil...Alexander Decker
This document discusses a study on climate change adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers in the Babilie District of Ethiopia. It provides background on climate change impacts on agriculture in Ethiopia and challenges smallholder farmers face. The study used surveys of 160 households and focus groups to understand factors influencing farmers' choices of adaptation strategies. A multinomial logistic regression analysis found that sex, age, education, family size, livestock ownership, income, credit access, distance to market, extension services, agro-ecological zone, climate information, and extension contact significantly impacted adaptation strategy choices. The document recommends future policies focus on awareness raising, social networks, credit access, and research on new crop varieties.
Climate change awareness and coping strategies of cocoa farmers in rural ghanaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that assessed cocoa farmers' awareness of and perceptions about climate change in Ghana. The following key points were made:
1. The study found that cocoa farmers across Ghana's cocoa growing regions are highly aware of climate change and its impacts on their farming activities from planting to harvesting.
2. Farmers perceived several causes of climate change including acts of God, deforestation, heavy machinery, urbanization, and human sinfulness. The most commonly perceived cause was that climate change signifies the end of times according to God's plan.
3. Farmers have adopted various coping strategies in response to climate impacts, such as soil fertility management, shade management, and farm size adjustments. However
This document examines agroforestry as an adaptation method for African smallholder farmers facing increased weather extremes due to climate change. It discusses how agroforestry can strengthen food system resilience by providing additional crops and income sources while improving soil and water management. However, adoption of agroforestry in sub-Saharan Africa has been low due to various barriers. Overcoming these barriers is important for smallholder farmers to adapt their food production through low-cost agroforestry methods.
This document discusses the effects of climate change on agriculture in semi-arid tropical regions, using examples from Ethiopia. It introduces climate and climate change concepts, and notes that rainfall variability is a major problem for Ethiopian farmers. The document then provides 5 examples of how climate change is negatively impacting agriculture in different areas of Ethiopia. It concludes by outlining possible adaptation measures, including changes to cultural practices, irrigation, and switching to more drought-tolerant crops. Appropriate scientific assessment and research are needed to design effective adaptation strategies.
Resilience of riparian populations of the Agoua and Toui-Kilibo classified fo...AI Publications
This research aims to strengthen the resilience of populations living along the Agoua and Toui-Kilibo protected forests. Its main aim is to analyze the adaptation measures used by the riparian populations and propose actions to strengthen their resilience. Data were collected from semi-structured individual interviews with each head of household or his/her sponsor in his/her household or field or plantation within and/or around the CF. Focus group interviews with key informants (between 05 and 13 participants representing the diversity of socio-professional or socio-cultural groups and gender-sensitive) were also conducted in riparian communities and within the CF. This data was collected through the QField application. The resulting database was transferred to the Excel spreadsheet for clearing and processing. For the processing of these data several parameters were calculated, in particular the importance value (IV), the response rate at the level of each respondent. In addition, the resilience of populations was assessed. To this end, the proposal for options to improve the resilience of communities bordering the Agoua and TK forests is based on the Multidimensional Resilience Index (MRI). For the calculation of resilience the basic variables are grouped into a set of actions which are themselves grouped into a set of seven (7) options. The various shares have been converted into indices called “core indices” and are calculated and obtained at the level of each option. Option-level indices are also calculated taking into account the indices previously calculated at the equity level. Finally, the Multidimensional Resilience Index is obtained by calculating the weighted arithmetic average of the indices calculated at the option level. The options that have attracted community attention are sustainable land management (4.1), and capacity building (3.89). These two options scored substantially 4, which shows that the communities are resilient. Improved social and cultural living conditions (3.33) can also strengthen the resilience of communities. Environmental protection, organizational level, institutional support and the creation of economic activities have a score ranging from 2 to 2.83. Actions to implement the priority options for adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change will reduce the vulnerability of the populations living near Agoua and Toui-Kilibo protected forests.
Effectiveness of Adaptation Measures Taken by Farmers in the Field of Effects...IJEAB
It is evident that climate change affects the well being of farmers and increases their vulnerability in the future if no action is taken into account by them. In fact, Various adaptation measures, such as crop diversification, changes in the dates of semi and crops, use of seed and fertilizer varieties, irrigation, use of tractors etc. are carried out by Farmers. However, these different measures have not yet had the same effect in reducing the negative effects of climate change on agriculture. Thus, this paper aims at evaluating empirically assess the effectiveness of these measures or strategies of adaptations on the performance of farms in Benin. Using the estimation technique of MCO, estimating the technical efficiency of farmers' production reveals that the use of improved seeds and fertilizers also reduces the negative impact of climate change In addition, land irrigation and the number of weeding remain influential factors for which we do not have the necessary statistics to assess their efficiencies
Climate change in Uganda: Insights for long-term adaptation and building comm...Dr. Joshua Zake
This briefing paper highlights key challenges and issues for
consideration in policy development and planning processes at
community, local, national and regional levels towards creating
awareness and building resilience to climate change impacts in
Uganda. It’s an output from a review of various documents and
literature on climate change impacts and responses in Uganda
and else where. Furthermore, it’s informed by Environmental
Alert’s experiences and lessons generated through facilitating
initiatives to support climate change adaptation at community
and local levels particularly in the West Nile region (in the districts
of Adjumani, Moyo and Yumbe) and Lukwanga Parish in Wakiso
district, Central region of Uganda; and also targeted engagement
with key policy and decision makers at all levels including local,
national, regional and international on issues of climate change. It
is targeting key stakeholders at all levels (including local leaders,
Government, Development Partners, Civil Society, Policy Makers,
Political Leaders, Private Sector, Academia, Research Institutions,
Cultural and Faith Based Leaders and Communities among others;
to mainstream, prioritize and support climate change adaptation
actions at all levels of planning and development.
Climate change impacts in nepal and its futureprajwal1974ad
Climate change is expected to have significant impacts in Nepal:
- Temperatures are increasing faster than the global average, with winters warming more than summers. Extreme weather events will become more common.
- Agriculture, which many depend on for livelihood, will be negatively impacted. Staple crops like rice, wheat and maize are expected to see decreased yields.
- Glacial retreat and increased glacial lake outburst floods pose catastrophic flooding risks. The frequency and size of such events are increasing.
- Other impacts include increased water-borne diseases, altered ecosystems affecting livelihoods, and substantial expected economic losses.
- Adaptation is a priority given Nepal's high vulnerability and existing low
The Role of developing countries in achieving Climate protection goalsEMMANUEL ADU OHENE
The document discusses the role of developing countries in achieving climate protection goals. It notes that developing countries are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The document then provides examples of climate impacts in different regions of the developing world, including increased water scarcity in Africa, decreased agricultural productivity in Asia, and effects on ecosystems and water resources in Latin America. It also examines Ghana as a case study, outlining Ghana's climate mitigation and adaptation strategies as well as some of the challenges it faces. The document argues that developing countries will require assistance to effectively adapt to climate change impacts.
The Impact of Climate Change on Teff Production in Southeast Tigray, EthiopiaPremier Publishers
The document discusses a study on the impact of climate change on teff production in Southeast Tigray, Ethiopia. It finds that climate factors, particularly temperature and rainfall, significantly influence net teff revenues. Increasing temperature was found to reduce teff revenues, while increasing rainfall was found to increase teff revenues. Adaptation to climate change was also found to play a key role in net revenues. The study utilized a Ricardian model and data from 210 farming households across three agro-ecological zones to analyze how various factors, including climate, socioeconomic characteristics, and adaptations strategies, influence teff production and revenues.
Climate Change & Its Implications to Livelihoods and Economic Development in...Dr. Joshua Zake
Climate change will have significant implications for livelihoods and economic development in Uganda if actions are not taken. Prolonged droughts from climate change are already occurring and have resulted in crop failures and food insecurity impacting over 1.8 million people in 1993-1994 and 3.5 million people in 1999. As droughts and unreliable rainfall increase due to climate change, agriculture production and livestock rearing, which account for a major part of Uganda's GDP, will be severely threatened, negatively impacting the country's economy and development. Urgent action is needed now to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change in order to reduce vulnerability and support continued economic growth.
The document discusses the impacts of climate change on agriculture in Nepal. It notes that global temperatures have increased by 0.8°C over the past century due to human activity. Climate change is predicted to cause rising temperatures, shifting climatic zones, and more extreme weather. This will lead to impacts like changing crop cycles, loss of native species, and decreased agricultural yields from droughts and floods. The document recommends ways for agriculture in Nepal to adapt, such as using resistant crops, water management strategies, and integrating livestock and forestry. It also stresses the need for policies, research, and community engagement to build adaptive capacity.
PROJECT OF THE TITLE PROPOSAL FINL FOR COFFEterefa1234
This document summarizes a study assessing the impact of climate change on crop yields in Bako Tibe Woreda, Ethiopia. Historical climate and crop yield data from 1989-2018 were analyzed. Temperature trends significantly increased while precipitation trends decreased insignificantly. Agricultural drought was analyzed using SPEI and occurred 4 times in the last 3 decades, covering 36% of the district. Crop yields of teff, wheat, barley and maize were significantly correlated with drought indices. The study shows increased temperature and precipitation variability have enhanced drought frequency and intensity, impacting selected crop yields. Improved agricultural technologies and short season crop varieties are needed to enhance farmer capacity.
Smallholder farmers’ perception of the impacts of climate change and variabil...Alexander Decker
- Smallholder farmers in Kenya were interviewed about their perceptions of how climate change has impacted agricultural practices over the past 30 and 10 years.
- Significantly more farmers reported perceiving changes in practices over the past 30 years compared to 10 years, especially in semi-arid regions.
- The two most commonly perceived changes across regions were increased pest/disease control and growing different crops to match changing rainfall patterns.
- Over 80% of farmers perceived changes in productivity over the past 30 years, though the percentage was lower for the past 10 years.
Strategies for managing climate risk: a case study of smallholder farmers in ...Premier Publishers
This document summarizes a study on strategies for managing climate risk among smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. It finds that plot characteristics like slope, soil type and fertility, and farm size significantly affect farmers' choice of adaptation and coping strategies. Farmers employ ex-ante adaptation strategies like leaving crop residues and intercropping, as well as ex-post coping strategies like selling livestock and borrowing when facing climate impacts. The study advocates for increasing farmer education on improved farm management practices to reduce vulnerability to climate change.
Similar to Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district, Benishangul Gumuz regional state, Ethiopia) (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Solving Linear Differential Equations with Constant CoefficientsIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses methods for finding the solutions to linear differential equations with constant coefficients. It defines such an equation and explains that the complete solution is the combination of the complementary function (C.F.) and particular integral (P.I.).
2) Various methods are presented for determining the C.F. depending on whether the roots of the auxiliary equation are real, imaginary, repeated, etc.
3) Rules are provided for obtaining the P.I. based on the type of function involved (exponential, trigonometric, power, etc.). Examples are worked through to demonstrate the full solution process.
Unblocking The Main Thread - Solving ANRs and Frozen FramesSinan KOZAK
In the realm of Android development, the main thread is our stage, but too often, it becomes a battleground where performance issues arise, leading to ANRS, frozen frames, and sluggish Uls. As we strive for excellence in user experience, understanding and optimizing the main thread becomes essential to prevent these common perforrmance bottlenecks. We have strategies and best practices for keeping the main thread uncluttered. We'll examine the root causes of performance issues and techniques for monitoring and improving main thread health as wel as app performance. In this talk, participants will walk away with practical knowledge on enhancing app performance by mastering the main thread. We'll share proven approaches to eliminate real-life ANRS and frozen frames to build apps that deliver butter smooth experience.
Exploring Deep Learning Models for Image Recognition: A Comparative Reviewsipij
Image recognition, which comes under Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a critical aspect of computer vision,
enabling computers or other computing devices to identify and categorize objects within images. Among
numerous fields of life, food processing is an important area, in which image processing plays a vital role,
both for producers and consumers. This study focuses on the binary classification of strawberries, where
images are sorted into one of two categories. We Utilized a dataset of strawberry images for this study; we
aim to determine the effectiveness of different models in identifying whether an image contains
strawberries. This research has practical applications in fields such as agriculture and quality control. We
compared various popular deep learning models, including MobileNetV2, Convolutional Neural Networks
(CNN), and DenseNet121, for binary classification of strawberry images. The accuracy achieved by
MobileNetV2 is 96.7%, CNN is 99.8%, and DenseNet121 is 93.6%. Through rigorous testing and analysis,
our results demonstrate that CNN outperforms the other models in this task. In the future, the deep
learning models can be evaluated on a richer and larger number of images (datasets) for better/improved
results.
OCS Training Institute is pleased to co-operate with
a Global provider of Rig Inspection/Audits,
Commission-ing, Compliance & Acceptance as well as
& Engineering for Offshore Drilling Rigs, to deliver
Drilling Rig Inspec-tion Workshops (RIW) which
teaches the inspection & maintenance procedures
required to ensure equipment integrity. Candidates
learn to implement the relevant standards &
understand industry requirements so that they can
verify the condition of a rig’s equipment & improve
safety, thus reducing the number of accidents and
protecting the asset.
A vernier caliper is a precision instrument used to measure dimensions with high accuracy. It can measure internal and external dimensions, as well as depths.
Here is a detailed description of its parts and how to use it.
20CDE09- INFORMATION DESIGN
UNIT I INCEPTION OF INFORMATION DESIGN
Introduction and Definition
History of Information Design
Need of Information Design
Types of Information Design
Identifying audience
Defining the audience and their needs
Inclusivity and Visual impairment
Case study.
Online music portal management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The iMMS is a unique application that is synchronizing both user
experience and copyrights while providing services like online music
management, legal downloads, artists’ management. There are several
other applications available in the market that either provides some
specific services or large scale integrated solutions. Our product differs
from the rest in a way that we give more power to the users remaining
within the copyrights circle.
How to Manage Internal Notes in Odoo 17 POSCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to leverage internal notes within Odoo 17 POS to enhance communication and streamline operations. Internal notes provide a platform for staff to exchange crucial information regarding orders, customers, or specific tasks, all while remaining invisible to the customer. This fosters improved collaboration and ensures everyone on the team is on the same page.