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nasal_cavity human anatomy lateral wall and venous drainage_1.pptx
- 1. Nasal Cavity-I Presented by:- Dr. Sushma Tomar Associate Professor Department of Anatomy
- 2. Lesson Plan Introduction Parts of Nasal Cavity: • Vestibule • Nasal Cavity Proper Roof of Nasal Cavity Floor of Nasal Cavity Nasal Septum: • Introduction • Parts • Arterial Supply • Venous Drainage • Nerve Supply • Lymphatic Drainage • Applied Aspects
- 3. Introduction • Internal nose is divided into right and left nasal cavities by a nasal septum. • Each nasal cavity communicates with the exterior through nostril (naris). • Each nasal cavity communicates with the nasopharynx through posterior nasal aperture (choana). Nostril
- 5. Parts of Nasal Cavity 2 parts: • Vestibule • Nasal cavity proper Vestibule- • A small anteroinferior part. • Lined by skin. Nasal Cavity Proper- • Large posterosuperior part. • Lined by mucosa.
- 6. Vestibule • Its upper limit on lateral wall of nasal cavity is marked by Limen nasi. • Its medial wall is formed by columella.
- 7. Nasal Cavity Proper Boundaries- • Roof. • Floor. • Medial wall (Nasal Septum). • Lateral wall. Lateral Wall Roof Floor Nasal Septum
- 8. Roof of Nasal Cavity Divided into 3 parts: • Anterior 1/3rd . • Middle 1/3rd . • Posterior 1/3rd . Anterior 1/3rd – • Slopes downwards and forwards. Formed by: • Nasal spine of Frontal bone. • Nasal bone. • Junction of Septal and Lateral cartilages Nasal spine of Frontal bone Nasal bone Junction of Septal and Lateral cartilages
- 9. Roof of Nasal Cavity contd… Middle 1/3rd – • Horizontal. Formed by: • Cribriform plate of Ethmoid bone. • Through the cribriform plate, olfactory nerves enter the cranial cavity.
- 10. Roof of Nasal Cavity contd… Posterior 1/3rd – • Slopes downwards and backwards. Formed by: • Anterior surface of body of Sphenoid bone.
- 11. Floor of Nasal Cavity • Almost horizontal. Formed by: • Upper surface of hard palate. Anterior 3/4th – • By palatine process of Maxilla. Posterior 1/4th – • Horizontal plate of Palatine bone.
- 12. Nasal Septum
- 13. Introduction • A median osseocartilaginous partition between two nasal cavities. • Forms the medial wall of nasal cavity. Nasal Septum Nasal Septum
- 14. Parts of Nasal Septum 3 parts: • Bony part. • Cartilaginous part. • Membranous part. Framework of Bony Part- I. Ethmoid- perpendicular plate II. Vomer III. Frontal - nasal spine IV. Nasal- crest V. Sphenoid- crest VI. Maxilla- palatine process VII. Palatine- horizontal plate
- 15. Cartilaginous Part Framework of Cartilaginous Part- • Septal cartilage • Medial crura (septal processes) of 2 major alar cartilages.
- 16. Cartilaginous Part contd… Columellar Septum- • Medial crura of 2 major alar cartilages are united together in the midline by a fibrous tissue to form columellar septum (columella).
- 18. Membranous Part • Between the columella and caudal border of septal cartilage, a small portion of septum is made up of double layer of skin and is referred as membranous septum. • Both columellar and membranous parts of the septum are freely movable from side to side.
- 19. Arterial Supply of Nasal Septum • Septal b/o Anterior Ethmoidal artery • Septal b/o Posterior Ethmoidal artery • Septal b/o Sphenopalatine artery • Septal b/o Greater Palatine artery • Septal b/o Superior labial artery
- 20. Little’s Area An area in anteroinferior part of nasal septum just above the vestibule. It is highly vascular. In this area, an arterial plexus is formed by the following arteries: • Septal b/o Anterior Ethmoidal artery • Septal b/o Sphenopalatine artery • Septal b/o Greater Palatine artery • Septal b/o Superior labial artery. This plexus is known as Kiesselbach’s plexus. In Little’s area, submucous venous plexus is also more marked. Applied aspect- • Little’s area is the commonest site of epistaxis (bleeding through the nasal cavity) in children and young adults usually due to finger nail trauma during pricking of nose.
- 23. Venous Drainage of Nasal Septum In nasal septum, veins accompany the arteries. A venous plexus is formed beneath the mucosa. Veins drain into: •Facial vein. •Pterygoid venous plexus. •Pharyngeal venous plexus.
- 24. Nerve Supply of Nasal Septum Anterosuperior Part- • Internal nasal nerve (a branch of Anterior Ethmoidal Nerve). Anteroinferior Part- • Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve (a branch of Infraorbital nerve). Posterosuperior Part- •Medial posterior superior nasal nerves ( branches of Pterygopalatine ganglion). Posteroinferior Part- •Nasopalatine nerve ( a branch of Pterygopalatine ganglion). Olfactory Part (upper 1/3rd of nasal septum just below cribriform plate)- • Olfactory Nerves.
- 25. Lymphatic Drainage of Nasal Septum Anterior ½- • Drains into: • Submandibular lymph nodes. Posterior ½- • Drains into: • Retropharyngeal lymph nodes.
- 26. Applied Aspects • Nasal Septum is seldom exactly in median plane. • Usually it bulges to right or left side, more frequently to the right. DNS [Deviated Nasal Septum]- • An important cause of nasal obstruction. Sex Predilection- • Male>Female. Etiology- • Trauma. • Developmental error. Clinical Features- • Mechanical nasal obstruction. • Sinusitis. • Headache etc. Treatment- Surgical correction- • SMR (Submucosal resection). • Septoplasty.
- 27. Applied Aspects contd… Supratip depression of External Nose- • Septal cartilage provides support to dorsum of anterior 2/3rd of nose. • Excessive removal of septal cartilage during submucosal resection can lead to Supratip depression of External Nose. • Destruction of septal cartilage due to disease may result into this deformity.