MongoDB World 2019: Becoming an Ops Manager Backup Superhero!

The document discusses running MariaDB across multiple data centers. It begins by outlining the need for multi-datacenter database architectures to provide high availability, disaster recovery, and continuous operation. It then describes topology choices for different use cases, including traditional disaster recovery, geo-synchronous distributed architectures, and how technologies like MariaDB Master/Slave and Galera Cluster work. The rest of the document discusses answering key questions when designing a multi-datacenter topology, trade-offs to consider, architecture technologies, and pros and cons of different approaches.

[Open Infrastructure & Cloud Native Days Korea 2019] 커뮤니티 버전의 OpenStack 과 Ceph를 활용하여 대고객서비스를 구축한 사례를 공유합니다. 유연성을 확보한 기업용 클라우드 서비스 구축 사례와 높은 수준의 보안을 요구하는 거래소 서비스를 구축, 운영한 사례를 소개합니다. 또한 이 프로젝트에 사용된 기술 스택 및 장애 해결사례와 최적화 방안을 소개합니다. 오픈스택은 역시 오픈소스컨설팅입니다. #openstack #ceph #openinfraday #cloudnative #opensourceconsulting

How do you determine whether your MongoDB Atlas cluster is over provisioned, whether the new feature in your next application release will crush your cluster, or when to increase cluster size based upon planned usage growth?  MongoDB Atlas provides over a hundred metrics enabling visibility into the inner workings of MongoDB performance, but how do apply all this information to make capacity planning decisions? This presentation will enable you to effectively analyze your MongoDB performance to optimize your MongoDB Atlas spend and ensure smooth application operation into the future.

Galera Cluster is high availabiity solution in MySQL. It benefits organizations that need synchronous and high availability solution.

Of course there is no such thing as perfect service discovery, and we will see why in the talk. However, the way ProxySQL is deployed in this case minimizes the risk for split-brains, and this is why I qualify it as almost perfect. But let’s step back a little... MySQL alone is not a high availability solution. To provide resilience to primary failure, other components need to be integrated with MySQL. At MessageBird, these additional components are ProxySQL and Orchestrator. In this talk, we describe how ProxySQL is architectured to provide close to perfect Service Discovery and how this, combined with Orchestrator, allows for automatic failover. The talk presents the details of the integration of MySQL, ProxySQL and Orchestrator in Google Cloud (and it would be easy to re-implement a similar architecture at other cloud vendors or on-premises). We will also cover lessons learned for the 2 years this architecture has been in production. Come to this talk to learn more about MySQL high availability, ProxySQL and Orchestrator.

1. About MariaDB MaxScale 2. Common Monitor Parameters 1) Parameters 2) Script events 3) Monitor Crash Safety 4) Script example 3. MariaDB Monitor 1) Master selection 2) Configuration 3) MariaDB Monitor optional parameters 4) Cluster manipulation operations - Operation details - Manual activation - Automatic activation - Limitations and requirements - External master support - Configuration parameters 5) Cooperative monitoring - Releasing locks 6) Troubleshooting - Failover / switchover fails - Slave detection shows external masters 7) Using the MariaDB Monitor With Binlogrouter 4. Galera Monitor 1) Configuration 2) Galera Monitor optional parameters 3) Interation with Server Priorities 5. ColumnStore Monitor 1) Required Grants 2) Master Selection 3) Configuration 4) Commands 4) Example - Adding a Node - Removing a Node 6. Automatic Failover With MariaDB Monitor 1) Manual Failover 2) Automatic Failover 3) Rejoin 4) Switchover

MySQL / MariaDB Performance Improvement Case

The document provides an overview of MongoDB administration including its data model, replication for high availability, sharding for scalability, deployment architectures, operations, security features, and resources for operations teams. The key topics covered are the flexible document data model, replication using replica sets for high availability, scaling out through sharding of data across multiple servers, and different deployment architectures including single/multi data center configurations.

24시간 365일 서비스를 위한 MySQL DB 이중화. MySQL 이중화 방안들에 대해 알아보고 운영하면서 겪은 고민들을 이야기해 봅니다. 목차 1. DB 이중화 필요성 2. 이중화 방안 - HW 이중화 - MySQL Replication 이중화 3. 이중화 운영 장애 4. DNS와 VIP 5. MySQL 이중화 솔루션 비교 대상 - MySQL을 서비스하고 있는 인프라 담당자 - MySQL 이중화에 관심 있는 개발자

This document discusses tuning MongoDB performance. It covers tuning queries using the database profiler and explain commands to analyze slow queries. It also covers tuning system configurations like Linux settings, disk I/O, and memory to optimize MongoDB performance. Topics include setting ulimits, IO scheduler, filesystem options, and more. References to MongoDB and Linux tuning documentation are also provided.

The document discusses the Performance Schema in MySQL. It provides an overview of what the Performance Schema is and how it can be used to monitor events within a MySQL server. It also describes how to configure the Performance Schema by setting up actors, objects, instruments, consumers and threads to control what is monitored. Finally, it explains how to initialize the Performance Schema by truncating existing summary tables before collecting new performance data.

Webinar: MariaDB 10.11 key features overview for DBAs Orgnised by Vettabase 27 April 2023 Amongst other topics: - Long ALTER TABLES now don’t cause replicas to lag - InnoDB configuration is now more dynamic, and certain important variables can be modified without a restart - Populating an empty table is now much faster - New data types: UUID, INET4, INET6 - SFORMAT() function, NATURAL_KEY_SORT() function

Redis is an open source in memory database which is easy to use. In this introductory presentation, several features will be discussed including use cases. The datatypes will be elaborated, publish subscribe features, persistence will be discussed including client implementations in Node and Spring Boot. After this presentation, you will have a basic understanding of what Redis is and you will have enough knowledge to get started with your first implementation!

To get better replication speed and less lag, MySQL implements parallel replication in the same schema, also known as LOGICAL_CLOCK. But fully benefiting from this feature is not as simple as just enabling it. In this talk, I explain in detail how this feature works. I also cover how to optimize parallel replication and the improvements made in MySQL 8.0 and back-ported in 5.7 (Write Sets), greatly improving the potential for parallel execution on replicas (but needing RBR). Come to this talk to get all the details about MySQL 5.7 and 8.0 Parallel Replication.

Mongo DB 성능 최적화와 관련된 Index와 관련한 내용을 공유 드립니다.

MySQL PowerGroup Tech Seminar (2017.1) - 8.MySQL GTID 시작하기 (by 전세웅) - URL : cafe.naver.com/mysqlpg

This document discusses the risks of using asynchronous master-master replication for MySQL databases and provides strategies for setting it up safely. It explains that having two nodes actively accepting writes can lead to conflicts like duplicate key errors. It recommends dividing writes across nodes by database, table, or row to avoid conflicts. The document also discusses using synchronous replication tools like Galera to ensure consistency across nodes at the cost of reduced performance.

Oh no! My backups aren't progressing! If something happens in production now, and I don't have current backups, I'll be out of a job for sure! If these words resonate with you, don’t worry; you’re not the only one! Backup issues are one of the most common topics we deal with in Technical Services. In this talk, we will go through the backup flow, talk about where things might go wrong, and the symptoms you will see in the logs and the UI. We will also talk about other commands you can run to confirm the diagnosis, and how support can assist if you’re still stuck. Finally, we will talk about the new backup architecture in 4.2 and how it simplifies some of these concerns. This session is suitable for those with all levels of Ops Manager experience, but attendees should have a basic understanding of MongoDB’s replication process before attending this session. After this talk, you will have leveled up your backup superpowers, and can swoop in to save your job (and the day)!

Scaling Magento - Reaching Peak Performance Building a cluster to support Magento is easy and makes a good example for scalable web application platforms. I will walk through a typical Magento Cluster setup and provide Vagrant/Puppet configurations for the basic setup. Then I will cover some of the hardware and cloud resources that are required as the platform grows. We will move onto application choices, and some of the development, testing and deployment strategies that are required to have a successful clustered platform. * Hardware vs Cloud: Exploring hardware and software options available for scaling * Cluster Architecture * Web server: How to cluster your application * Varnish: How to speed up response time using reverse proxy caching * Database: How to cluster Magento Database using Percona * Redis: How to set up a Redis Cluster using Sentinel and Keepalived * Filesystem: NFS, NAS or other clustered file systems * Application Architecture: How to avoid angering your systems administrators * Testing: Exploring load testing with tools like Gatling and BlazeMeter * Development and Deployment Process https://joind.in/talk/view/13541

- The document introduces MongoDB Management Service (MMS), a software built by MongoDB to make operations easier through monitoring and backup capabilities. - It provides a tour of MMS' interface and outlines the steps to get started, including signing up, adding hosts, and configuring monitoring and alerts. - Key features covered include monitoring metrics and health, setting different user roles, and taking automated, consistent backups of replica sets and sharded clusters with minimal overhead.

Celery is an asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing. It allows tasks to be executed concurrently on one or more worker servers to minimize request times and offload intensive processes. Some key benefits are improved user experience through faster responses, scalability by adding more workers as needed, and flexibility through many customization points. Celery uses message brokers like RabbitMQ to handle task routing and can integrate with databases, caching, and other services.

This document discusses profiling PHP applications to improve performance. It recommends profiling during development to identify inefficiencies. The document introduces Xdebug for profiling PHP code and Webgrind, a PHP frontend for visualizing Xdebug profiles. It provides an example of profiling a sample PHP application, identifying issues, making code changes, and verifying performance improvements through re-profiling.

This document discusses strategies for making Ruby on Rails applications highly available. It covers common architectures using a single server, and moving to distributed systems. Key topics include application modularity, useful gems for asynchronous processing, database replication, session management, application deployment, configuration management, and load balancing. The conclusion emphasizes that porting Rails apps to a highly available environment requires thinking about architecture and distribution early, but is not prohibitively difficult if approached methodically.

Anthem is one of the largest healthcare companies in the USA. Transforming such a large enterprise and enabling true agile development depends on being able to get resources fast when you need them. How hard can it be to get a single server set up? The answer is - it can take weeks or even months! In this presentation, we will talk about how we shortened the delivery of MongoDB deployments to our developers to minutes using MongoDB OpsManager and, of course, some magic. We will cover the details of the approach and the challenges we had to face so that you can do it too.

The document discusses Parse's process for benchmarking MongoDB upgrades by replaying recorded production workloads on test servers. They found a 33-75% drop in throughput when upgrading from 2.4.10 to 2.6.3 due to query planner bugs. Working with MongoDB, they identified and helped fix several bugs, improving performance in 2.6.5 but still below 2.4.10 levels initially. Further optimization work increased throughput above 2.4.10 levels when testing with more workers and operations.

Upgrading an application’s database can be daunting.Doing this for tens ofthousands of apps at atime is downright scary.New bugs combined with unique edge cases can result in reduced performance,downtime, and plenty of frustration. Learn how Parse is working to avoid these issues as we upgrade to 2.6 with advanced benchmarking tools and aggressive troubleshooting

The document discusses setting up a web development environment. It will cover tools like Git, Node, NPM, Grunt, Bower and how to use them to setup a fullstack development environment for building single page applications. An agenda is provided that will go over these tools in detail over the course of a workshop, providing exercises to help attendees work with each tool hands-on.

Presented at SF SlackDevs Meetup on April 11, 2016 [Record of presentation] http://www.ustream.tv/recorded/85566064 (0:26:00~) [GitHub page of slacktee] https://github.com/course-hero/slacktee

A workshop held in StartIT as part of Catena Media learning sessions. We aim to dispel the notion that large PHP applications tend to be sluggish, resource-intensive and slow compared to what the likes of Python, Erlang or even Node can do. The issue is not with optimising PHP internals - it's the lack of proper introspection tools and getting them into our every day workflow that counts! In this workshop we will talk about our struggles with whipping PHP Applications into shape, as well as work together on some of the more interesting examples of CPU or IO drain.

This document discusses MongoDB configuration and operations in the cloud. It describes: 1) The authors' 12-node MongoDB cluster configuration running on AWS EC2 with several replica sets and a total data size of 110GB. 2) Key considerations for MongoDB in the cloud including memory usage, fragmentation, elections, and manual primary changes. 3) Additional topics like sharding, rebalancing data, mongos behavior during elections, failure handling, and monitoring with MMS and Nagios.

Check out Michael Ducy's Hands-On Session about Habitat at the Infracoders Meetup Graz. Thanks Michael for providing the slides.

In this talk I discussed how to start using static code analysis, how to integrate it into your workflow, and some PHP specific tools

Every new version of MongoDB comes with exciting new features and a lot of improvements and version 4.0 couldn't be an exception to this rule. An upgrade from previous versions will unlock long waiting features like transactions but at the same time without proper planning could be catastrophic for your organization. This presentation will guide you through the stapes for planning and implementing an upgrade to MongoDB 4.0. We will examine how MongoDB 4.0 affects your organization ecosystem and what changes might be necessary prior to the upgrade. We will demonstrate the upgrade steps with a detailed rollback plan. Finally, we will cover some post-upgrade considerations that will allow you to release the power of MongoDB 4.0.

This document discusses how to change an organization and provides examples of how the author's company changed their technical organization and processes. Some of the key points discussed include adopting agile methodologies like Scrum, emphasizing testing and use of open source tools, upgrading technologies and adopting newer versions of Ruby and Rails, and optimizing teams and processes to better support the business.

Caching has been a 'hot' topic for a few years. But caching takes more than merely taking data and putting it in a cache : the right caching techniques can improve performance and reduce load significantly. But we'll also look at some major pitfalls, showing that caching the wrong way can bring down your site. If you're looking for a clear explanation about various caching techniques and tools like Memcached, Nginx and Varnish, as well as ways to deploy them in an efficient way, this talk is for you.

MongoDB presentation from Silicon Valley Code Camp 2015. Walkthrough developing, deploying and operating a MongoDB application, avoiding the most common pitfalls.

Online WDDay 2022 js АНДРІЙ ШУМАДА «To Cover Uncoverable» Сайт: https://wdday.org/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/wdday.org Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/wdday

This presentation discusses migrating data from other data stores to MongoDB Atlas. It begins by explaining why MongoDB and Atlas are good choices for data management. Several preparation steps are covered, including sizing the target Atlas cluster, increasing the source oplog, and testing connectivity. Live migration, mongomirror, and dump/restore options are presented for migrating between replicasets or sharded clusters. Post-migration steps like monitoring and backups are also discussed. Finally, migrating from other data stores like AWS DocumentDB, Azure CosmosDB, DynamoDB, and relational databases are briefly covered.

These days, everyone is expected to be a data analyst. But with so much data available, how can you make sense of it and be sure you're making the best decisions? One great approach is to use data visualizations. In this session, we take a complex dataset and show how the breadth of capabilities in MongoDB Charts can help you turn bits and bytes into insights.

MongoDB Kubernetes operator and MongoDB Open Service Broker are ready for production operations. Learn about how MongoDB can be used with the most popular container orchestration platform, Kubernetes, and bring self-service, persistent storage to your containerized applications. A demo will show you how easy it is to enable MongoDB clusters as an External Service using the Open Service Broker API for MongoDB

Are you new to schema design for MongoDB, or are you looking for a more complete or agile process than what you are following currently? In this talk, we will guide you through the phases of a flexible methodology that you can apply to projects ranging from small to large with very demanding requirements.

Humana, like many companies, is tackling the challenge of creating real-time insights from data that is diverse and rapidly changing. This is our journey of how we used MongoDB to combined traditional batch approaches with streaming technologies to provide continues alerting capabilities from real-time data streams.

Time series data is increasingly at the heart of modern applications - think IoT, stock trading, clickstreams, social media, and more. With the move from batch to real time systems, the efficient capture and analysis of time series data can enable organizations to better detect and respond to events ahead of their competitors or to improve operational efficiency to reduce cost and risk. Working with time series data is often different from regular application data, and there are best practices you should observe. This talk covers: Common components of an IoT solution The challenges involved with managing time-series data in IoT applications Different schema designs, and how these affect memory and disk utilization – two critical factors in application performance. How to query, analyze and present IoT time-series data using MongoDB Compass and MongoDB Charts At the end of the session, you will have a better understanding of key best practices in managing IoT time-series data with MongoDB.

Join this talk and test session with a MongoDB Developer Advocate where you'll go over the setup, configuration, and deployment of an Atlas environment. Create a service that you can take back in a production-ready state and prepare to unleash your inner genius.

Our clients have unique use cases and data patterns that mandate the choice of a particular strategy. To implement these strategies, it is mandatory that we unlearn a lot of relational concepts while designing and rapidly developing efficient applications on NoSQL. In this session, we will talk about some of our client use cases, the strategies we have adopted, and the features of MongoDB that assisted in implementing these strategies.

Encryption is not a new concept to MongoDB. Encryption may occur in-transit (with TLS) and at-rest (with the encrypted storage engine). But MongoDB 4.2 introduces support for Client Side Encryption, ensuring the most sensitive data is encrypted before ever leaving the client application. Even full access to your MongoDB servers is not enough to decrypt this data. And better yet, Client Side Encryption can be enabled at the "flick of a switch". This session covers using Client Side Encryption in your applications. This includes the necessary setup, how to encrypt data without sacrificing queryability, and what trade-offs to expect.

MongoDB Kubernetes operator is ready for prime-time. Learn about how MongoDB can be used with most popular orchestration platform, Kubernetes, and bring self-service, persistent storage to your containerized applications.

These days, everyone is expected to be a data analyst. But with so much data available, how can you make sense of it and be sure you're making the best decisions? One great approach is to use data visualizations. In this session, we take a complex dataset and show how the breadth of capabilities in MongoDB Charts can help you turn bits and bytes into insights.

When you need to model data, is your first instinct to start breaking it down into rows and columns? Mine used to be too. When you want to develop apps in a modern, agile way, NoSQL databases can be the best option. Come to this talk to learn how to take advantage of all that NoSQL databases have to offer and discover the benefits of changing your mindset from the legacy, tabular way of modeling data. We’ll compare and contrast the terms and concepts in SQL databases and MongoDB, explain the benefits of using MongoDB compared to SQL databases, and walk through data modeling basics so you feel confident as you begin using MongoDB.

Join this talk and test session with a MongoDB Developer Advocate where you'll go over the setup, configuration, and deployment of an Atlas environment. Create a service that you can take back in a production-ready state and prepare to unleash your inner genius.

The document discusses guidelines for ordering fields in compound indexes to optimize query performance. It recommends the E-S-R approach: placing equality fields first, followed by sort fields, and range fields last. This allows indexes to leverage equality matches, provide non-blocking sorts, and minimize scanning. Examples show how indexes ordered by these guidelines can support queries more efficiently by narrowing the search bounds.

Aggregation pipeline has been able to power your analysis of data since version 2.2. In 4.2 we added more power and now you can use it for more powerful queries, updates, and outputting your data to existing collections. Come hear how you can do everything with the pipeline, including single-view, ETL, data roll-ups and materialized views.

The document describes a methodology for data modeling with MongoDB. It begins by recognizing the differences between document and tabular databases, then outlines a three step methodology: 1) describe the workload by listing queries, 2) identify and model relationships between entities, and 3) apply relevant patterns when modeling for MongoDB. The document uses examples around modeling a coffee shop franchise to illustrate modeling approaches and techniques.

MongoDB Atlas Data Lake is a new service offered by MongoDB Atlas. Many organizations store long term, archival data in cost-effective storage like S3, GCP, and Azure Blobs. However, many of them do not have robust systems or tools to effectively utilize large amounts of data to inform decision making. MongoDB Atlas Data Lake is a service allowing organizations to analyze their long-term data to discover a wealth of information about their business. This session will take a deep dive into the features that are currently available in MongoDB Atlas Data Lake and how they are implemented. In addition, we'll discuss future plans and opportunities and offer ample Q&A time with the engineers on the project.

Virtual assistants are becoming the new norm when it comes to daily life, with Amazon’s Alexa being the leader in the space. As a developer, not only do you need to make web and mobile compliant applications, but you need to be able to support virtual assistants like Alexa. However, the process isn’t quite the same between the platforms. How do you handle requests? Where do you store your data and work with it to create meaningful responses with little delay? How much of your code needs to change between platforms? In this session we’ll see how to design and develop applications known as Skills for Amazon Alexa powered devices using the Go programming language and MongoDB.

aux Core Data, appréciée par des centaines de milliers de développeurs. Apprenez ce qui rend Realm spécial et comment il peut être utilisé pour créer de meilleures applications plus rapidement.

Il n’a jamais été aussi facile de commander en ligne et de se faire livrer en moins de 48h très souvent gratuitement. Cette simplicité d’usage cache un marché complexe de plus de 8000 milliards de $. La data est bien connu du monde de la Supply Chain (itinéraires, informations sur les marchandises, douanes,…), mais la valeur de ces données opérationnelles reste peu exploitée. En alliant expertise métier et Data Science, Upply redéfinit les fondamentaux de la Supply Chain en proposant à chacun des acteurs de surmonter la volatilité et l’inefficacité du marché.

CIO Council Cal Poly Humboldt September 22, 2023

Recent advancements in the NIST-JARVIS infrastructure: JARVIS-Overview, JARVIS-DFT, AtomGPT, ALIGNN, JARVIS-Leaderboard

This presentation, delivered at the Postgres Bangalore (PGBLR) Meetup-2 on June 29th, 2024, dives deep into connection pooling for PostgreSQL databases. Aakash M, a PostgreSQL Tech Lead at Mydbops, explores the challenges of managing numerous connections and explains how connection pooling optimizes performance and resource utilization. Key Takeaways: * Understand why connection pooling is essential for high-traffic applications * Explore various connection poolers available for PostgreSQL, including pgbouncer * Learn the configuration options and functionalities of pgbouncer * Discover best practices for monitoring and troubleshooting connection pooling setups * Gain insights into real-world use cases and considerations for production environments This presentation is ideal for: * Database administrators (DBAs) * Developers working with PostgreSQL * DevOps engineers * Anyone interested in optimizing PostgreSQL performance Contact info@mydbops.com for PostgreSQL Managed, Consulting and Remote DBA Services

The DealBook is our annual overview of the Ukrainian tech investment industry. This edition comprehensively covers the full year 2023 and the first deals of 2024.

To help you choose the best DiskWarrior alternative, we've compiled a comparison table summarizing the features, pros, cons, and pricing of six alternatives.

This presentation explores the practical application of image description techniques. Familiar guidelines will be demonstrated in practice, and descriptions will be developed “live”! If you have learned a lot about the theory of image description techniques but want to feel more confident putting them into practice, this is the presentation for you. There will be useful, actionable information for everyone, whether you are working with authors, colleagues, alone, or leveraging AI as a collaborator. Link to presentation recording and transcript: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/details-of-description-part-ii-describing-images-in-practice/ Presented by BookNet Canada on June 25, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.

Invited Remote Lecture to SC21 The International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage, and Analysis St. Louis, Missouri November 18, 2021

Your comprehensive guide to RPA in healthcare for 2024. Explore the benefits, use cases, and emerging trends of robotic process automation. Understand the challenges and prepare for the future of healthcare automation

The presentation showcases the diverse real-world applications of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) across multiple industries: 1. **Manufacturing**: FDM is utilized in manufacturing for rapid prototyping, creating custom tools and fixtures, and producing functional end-use parts. Companies leverage its cost-effectiveness and flexibility to streamline production processes. 2. **Medical**: In the medical field, FDM is used to create patient-specific anatomical models, surgical guides, and prosthetics. Its ability to produce precise and biocompatible parts supports advancements in personalized healthcare solutions. 3. **Education**: FDM plays a crucial role in education by enabling students to learn about design and engineering through hands-on 3D printing projects. It promotes innovation and practical skill development in STEM disciplines. 4. **Science**: Researchers use FDM to prototype equipment for scientific experiments, build custom laboratory tools, and create models for visualization and testing purposes. It facilitates rapid iteration and customization in scientific endeavors. 5. **Automotive**: Automotive manufacturers employ FDM for prototyping vehicle components, tooling for assembly lines, and customized parts. It speeds up the design validation process and enhances efficiency in automotive engineering. 6. **Consumer Electronics**: FDM is utilized in consumer electronics for designing and prototyping product enclosures, casings, and internal components. It enables rapid iteration and customization to meet evolving consumer demands. 7. **Robotics**: Robotics engineers leverage FDM to prototype robot parts, create lightweight and durable components, and customize robot designs for specific applications. It supports innovation and optimization in robotic systems. 8. **Aerospace**: In aerospace, FDM is used to manufacture lightweight parts, complex geometries, and prototypes of aircraft components. It contributes to cost reduction, faster production cycles, and weight savings in aerospace engineering. 9. **Architecture**: Architects utilize FDM for creating detailed architectural models, prototypes of building components, and intricate designs. It aids in visualizing concepts, testing structural integrity, and communicating design ideas effectively. Each industry example demonstrates how FDM enhances innovation, accelerates product development, and addresses specific challenges through advanced manufacturing capabilities.