Docker for the enterprise
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A presentation about container technology for the enterprise held at Ekito's geek breakfast the 4th of November 2016.
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Docker for the enterprise
- 1. Docker for the Enterprise @bertpoller ekito
- 3. Today’s strategic challenges Business Agility, Increased pace of delivery, Customer satisfaction • Low MTBIAMSH (Mean Time Between Idea and making Stuff happen)
- 4. Today’s strategic challenges Multiplication of smaller bespoke applications • WOA, SOA, Micro Services • Multiplication of front ends • Products are SaaS newly instantiated for each new customer
- 5. Today’s strategic challenges Ever increasing volumes of data and processing • Limited data center capacity • Ops efforts scale at best linearly with increased volume • Push for cloud deployments: private + public
- 6. Obstacles to overcome WaterScrumFall • Dev teams adopt iterative methodologies • The organization as a whole cannot keep up with Dev Team pace • Symptoms • Delivery to production still takes weeks • Upfront IT resource provisioning at the beginning of a project • Ticket based IT services deemed too slow for Dev teams • Difficulties in maintaining IT services catalogues with ever changing demands http://bit.ly/waterscrumfall
- 7. Obstacles to overcome Unaligned objectives and incentives between Devs and Ops • Devs seek implementing new features and hence introduce change • Ops seek stability, robustness, availability of systems they manage
- 8. Obstacles to overcome Hybrid clouds are complex • Different operating models between public cloud providers and private clouds • No real private cloud infrastructure • A Virtualized server infrastructure is not a private cloud
- 9. Keys to solve these challenges Break up organizational silos • Think in terms of products not projects • Construct multidisciplinary teams around products • Make Devs and Ops cooperate in these teams • But also other business stake holders
- 10. Keys to solve these challenges Align Dev and Ops objectives; increase customer satisfaction • Error Budget = 100% Availability – Service Level Objective • Use budget for • Feature changes and functional regressions (Dev) • Service Reliability Engineering (Ops) • When the error budget is consumed • New features must wait until the budget is recharged • Only bug fixes go into production
- 11. Keys to solve these challenges Construct an agile self-service infrastructure platform
- 12. Docker to the rescue
- 13. The challenge Source : https://github.com/mfilotto/docker-presentation/
- 15. A Container System for Code Source : https://github.com/mfilotto/docker-presentation/
- 16. But we’ve got virtualization already like in…VMWare
- 17. Virtualization vs. Containers Virtualization Containers Containers are isolated but share OS and bins/ libraries, where appropriate
- 18. Isolation using Linux Features namespaces • pid, • mnt, • net, • uts, • Ipc, • user cgroups • memory • cpu • blkio • devices
- 19. Docker appeals for its… • Deployment Speed / Agility – minimal requirements for running the application, enabling quick and lightweight deployment • Portability – Independent self-sufficient application bundles Run across machines without compatibility issues • Reuse – Versioning, archiving, sharing, roll backs to previous versions of an application. Platform configurations as code • Efficiency - compared to classical virtualization, workloads can be run at higher densities thanks to avoided OS overhead Source: https://www.upguard.com/articles/docker-vs.-vmware-how-do-they-stack-up
- 20. Trade off … Speed vs. Isolation • Shared kernel between containers • OS-based isolation vs. hardware-based isolation in classical virtualization • Detractors often use this as argument for saying : “Docker is not safe”
- 21. Docker is not safe - well, Really ? Are all your VMs 100% up to date? Really? • VMs present a larger attack surface than Linux containers • Contaminated containers can be quickly destroyed and restarted • Docker tools allow for end to end security policy enforcement – for all containers (layered build approach, build automation, security scanning, trusted registries, container scheduling)
- 22. Trade off… Ephemeral vs. Stateful workloads • Docker works best with stateless applications • Every application must eventually persist its state (Databases) • Additional efforts and planning is required when setting up a multi-node production level Docker cluster
- 23. Isn’t this a bit like Java EE or OSGI ?
- 24. Isn’t this a bit like Java EE or OSGI ? EARs, WARs, JARs package applications in deployment artifacts • Middleware centric – you need an application server • Limited to Java eco system • Programming language lock-in • Programming model lock-in (Java EE / OSGI) • Also applies to more recent packaging formats, such as WebPacks
- 25. Ok but I’m already using Heroku… • PaaS • Build packs : Java, Node, Ruby,… • Intuitive UI / UX … nice ! • Source code is held in the repository - no built artifact • Docker • Is a shipping format • Can be used with Docker tool chain to build a more generic PaaS / CaaS
- 26. XaaS – Pyramid Software as a Service Platform as a Service Infrastructure as a Service Container as a Service Too high Too low Product Teams IT Ops Team
- 27. Docker Mission
- 28. Image Layers
- 30. Docker Mission
- 32. Example CI / CD pipeline
- 33. Circle CI
- 34. Security Governance Its like a virus scanner for built containers • Can be integrated in your CI/CD pipeline • Scans for threads in defined policy files and CVC databases • Docker Security Scanning • CoreOS Clair • OpenSCAP container compliance • Redhat Atomic Scan • …
- 35. Docker Mission
- 36. Running a CaaS infrastructure
- 39. Services, Routing and Load Balancing S_1 S_2 LB Overlay network App Scale Docker Host Docker Host Docker Host Service The scalable service pattern
- 40. Services, Routing and Load Balancing The scalable service pattern • Services scale instances of a container across the cluster • Comprises a load balancer and an overlay network to connect containers • Allows things like rolling updates and rollbacks • Exists in many schedulers: Kubernetes, Mesos… • Was introduced in Docker V1.12 Swarm mode • Not compatible with Docker Compose • Requires new Distributed Application Bundle – still experimental
- 41. Services, Routing and Load Balancing • Workaround prior to Docker 1.12 compatible with Compose V2
- 42. Services, Routing and Load Balancing Domain based routing
- 43. Persistent workloads Backend Network App Docker Host Docker Host Docker Host DB Frontend Network Local storage local local local
- 44. Persistent workloads Backend Network App Docker Host Docker Host Docker Host DB Frontend Network DB ??? Local storage local local
- 45. Persistent workloads Backend Network App Docker Host Docker Host Docker Host DB Frontend Network DB Data Sync Volume plugin Volume plugin Volume plugin Volume plugin, distributed or externalized storage
- 46. Persistent workloads • Usage of volume plugins is encouraged • Decouples Product Teams from underlying storage solution • Connect to external block storage (SAN, NAS, Cloud Provider Block Storage) • Network based file systems between Docker Hosts • GlusterFS, Flocker, Infinit.sh, PortWorx, CEPH
- 47. PaaS style self service access • For Product Teams • Intuitive UI / UX experience • Role based access (RBAC) integration with Enterprise IAM • Groups, virtual environments • Integrates with private repositories, CI/CD • OpenShift, Rancher, Docker Datacenter…
- 48. Conclusion
- 49. Conclusion • Docker = Linux Containers + a Complete toolset • Large eco system (Kubernetes, MesoSphere, CoreOS, Rancher…) • Orchestration engine choice depends on your use cases • Limited risk on vendor lock-in: Docker Containers are de facto standard • Instead of growing your own cluster, see what the ecosystem can provide • Start small, grow steadily
- 51. Ils nous font confiance