The document provides an overview of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) methodology. It defines CSS as the language used for implementing designs on HTML documents. It then covers CSS basics including selectors, properties, conflicts resolution using specificity and cascade order. It also discusses the box model which defines how browsers handle rectangular boxes for elements. Finally, it offers some best practices tips such as resetting styles, separating content from design, and planning layout during HTML coding.
This document provides an introduction to CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), covering topics such as:
- What CSS is and why it's used
- How to reference a CSS stylesheet from an HTML document
- CSS syntax including selectors, properties, and values
- Common CSS tags, properties, and positioning techniques
- Tools for inspecting and debugging CSS
Drupal's theming layer is a powerful and beautiful beast, but it requires a firm hand to really behave. New themers often start out trying to control it with a light touch and gentle strokes of CSS. Only too late do they realize their error…
All too often the result of this misguided approach is bloated and inefficient CSS and JavaScript and site out of control. By the time the themer realizes what the beast have done, it might be too late to fix.
Don't let Contrib bully you around. Grab the reins, create a frontend architecture and teach the theming layer to produce lean, extendable, high performance markup and CSS that is easy and cost-efficient to maintain.
This session is about learning to take charge.
about this presentation:
1) this presentation was a quickie for non-tech employees, who wanted a basic understanding of html/css, as it related to a white-label SAAS product;
2) the back-end/front-end definitions relate to the specific application (it's inaccurate if node.js is in the picture)
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a language for styling web pages that separates presentation from content. CSS handles the look and feel of a web page by controlling color, fonts, spacing, sizing, backgrounds, and other visual aspects. CSS provides powerful control over HTML elements while keeping web pages lightweight and load faster. CSS rules can be applied internally, inline, or externally through linked style sheets to globally style elements across multiple web pages. Common CSS properties control color, fonts, text, backgrounds, borders, positioning, and visual effects.
Web front end development introduction to html css and javascriptMarc Huang
This document provides an introduction to HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for building websites. It discusses how websites work by connecting clients and servers, and compares making a website to writing a book by organizing content into pages. The document then covers the basic purposes and syntax of HTML for creating page content, CSS for styling, and JavaScript for interactivity. It provides many code examples and explains common elements, properties, and methods in each language to demonstrate basic front-end web development concepts and tools.
The document discusses various topics in CSS3 including selectors, properties, media queries, and visual effects. It provides examples and explanations of CSS3 concepts like gradients, rounded corners, box shadow, text shadow, opacity, and more. Browser support and cross-browser compatibility of CSS3 features are also covered.
In this slide, we will discuss about what are css, html and also javascript. These three languages are very powerful and must be mastered and understood by all programmers and "hackers".
This slide will give you a clear view on what are they and their functions. Please note that, this slide does not teach you how to write/program them. This slides is completely for any levels.
1) Easy to understand.
2) Comments are included to make you understand better!
3) Ready to go for any presentation.
4) Full of informations
5) Small but powerful
What makes it interesting?
- These languages are used in every websites on the internet.
Why them?
- Seek for yourself in the slide
The document provides an introduction to CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and how it is used to style HTML documents. Some key points:
- CSS allows formatting and styling of HTML elements like colors, fonts, spacing, etc. CSS works with HTML and styles are defined in a separate CSS file.
- HTML elements are marked with IDs and classes that are defined in the CSS file. IDs are unique, classes are not. This is how CSS knows which styles to apply to which elements.
- A CSS file defines the styles for each ID, class, and element used in the HTML. Styles include properties like color, font, size, alignment, etc.
- For a
CSS is used to control the style and formatting of HTML documents. It allows separation of document content from document presentation, including elements like color, fonts, spacing, and layout. CSS syntax uses selectors to apply styles specified by properties and values. Common selectors include element tags, classes, IDs, and descendant selectors. CSS handles global presentation of HTML pages for various devices.
This document summarizes a knowledge sharing session on HTML and CSS basics. It covers topics like HTML tags and structures, CSS rules and selectors, the CSS box model, positioning, sprites, and hacks for dealing with browser inconsistencies. The session introduced fundamental concepts for using HTML to structure content and CSS for styling and layout, providing examples for common tags, selectors, properties and techniques. It aimed to give attendees an overview of the core building blocks of HTML and CSS.
CSS3 is the latest standard for cascading style sheets (CSS). CSS3 introduces several new modules that expand the capabilities of CSS, including selectors, box model, backgrounds/borders, image values, text effects, transformations, animations, multiple column layout, and user interface. The document provides examples of CSS3 properties and modules, demonstrating borders, selectors, text effects, menus, and creating multiple columns. It concludes by thanking some websites for information on CSS3.
The document provides an overview of CSS foundations including the three layers of web design, what CSS is, CSS syntax, selectors, applying styles, and the cascade. It discusses the structure, style, and behavior layers and how CSS is used to control presentation. Key points covered include the different ways to add CSS rules, CSS selectors like type, ID, class, and descendant selectors, and how specificity and inheritance apply styles. It also reviews CSS properties for styling text, lists, and links.
The document covers various topics related to CSS including CSS introduction, syntax, selectors, inclusion methods, setting backgrounds, fonts, manipulating text, and working with images. Key points include how CSS handles web page styling, the advantages of CSS, CSS versions, associating styles using embedded, inline, external and imported CSS, and properties for backgrounds, fonts, text formatting, and images.
This slide guides through the differences of the Span and Div tags in HTML.
I started a channel on YouTube for Networking lovers. "VERY SIMPLE NETWORKING" SERIES can be found at http://www.youtube.com/bgccnadom.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT AND LIKES.
CSS3 is an update to the CSS2.1 specification that introduces many new features and modules. Some key CSS3 modules include selectors, backgrounds and borders, text effects, transformations, transitions, multiple columns, and user interface. CSS3 allows for rounded borders using border-radius, box shadows using box-shadow, and image borders using border-image. Other CSS3 properties include text-shadow, word-wrap, transforms like rotate and scale, transitions for animated effects, multiple columns layout, and user interface features like resizing and outlines. Support for CSS3 varies across browsers.
Structuring your CSS for maintainability: rules and guile lines to write CSSSanjoy Kr. Paul
Structuring your CSS for maintainability: rules and guile lines to write CSS
As you start work on larger stylesheets and big projects with a team, you will discover that maintaining a huge CSS file can be challenging. So, we will go through some best practices for writing CSS that will help us to maintain the CSS project easily.
Save 10% off ANY FITC event with discount code 'slideshare'
See our upcoming events at www.fitc.ca
If you’re working on a large project with a lot of hands in the CSS pot, then your CSS may be doomed to code bloat failure. Scalable and modular CSS architectures and approaches are the new hotness and rightfully so. They provide sanity, predictably and scalability in a potentially crazy coding world. This session will give an overview of some the most popular approaches, including OOCSS, SMACSS, CSS for Grownups, and DRY CSS as well as discussing some general principles for keeping your CSS clean, optimized, and easy to maintain.
1) The document provides resources for a front-end development session including working files, slides, and an agenda.
2) It reviews HTML tags, CSS selectors, the box model, positioning, and Flexbox.
3) Instructions are given to install Atom plugins and review JavaScript and JQuery before adding an Express server to a webpage.
This document provides an introduction to CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) which allows separation of content and style for web pages. CSS is a W3C standard that all major browsers support. CSS controls formatting of HTML elements through style rules consisting of a selector and declaration. It gives developers more control over page layout and appearance across browsers. CSS separates concerns of content defined in HTML from visual presentation defined by CSS stylesheets.
This document provides an overview of key concepts for building single-page web applications. It discusses client-server relationships, routing, views and content rendering, global event handling, dependency management, initialization and execution, form handling. The document emphasizes defining RESTful APIs, rendering HTML on the server when possible, using a dependency library like RequireJS, and following conventions to manage initialization and execution of code.
We keep thinking we can write better CSS if we just try harder, that the next site will be clean and stay that way. This presentation shows that in fact, messy CSS is the direct result of our worst best-practices. We need to reexamine those assumptions with an eye to practicality and scalability as well as accessibility, standards, and fabulous design.
DRY CSS A don’t-repeat-yourself methodology for creating efficient, unified a...Jer Clarke
Slides for a talk at the ConFoo 2012 conference in Montreal. I explain a simple yet powerful CSS architecture that avoids duplication and increases design consistency by grouping shared properties together rather than redefining them over and over. In the process I explain preprocessors like LESS and SASS, as well as the OOCSS fad, pointing out how they are insufficiently standards-compliant.
Rolling Your Own CSS Methodology
with Dave Shea
Presented at FITC Toronto 2015
More info at www.fitc.ca
OVERVIEW
When you work with a large project or team over time, you either develop an airtight system for writing CSS or you spend half your day deciphering mystery code while fighting specificity battles.
After a lengthy process of investigating systems like BEM, OOCSS, SMACSS and more, we decided to take pieces of each and create our own. This talk is not the announcement of a new system we want you to use, instead it’s a deep dive into the discussions and decision-making that happened as we developed one.
You’ll walk away with an understanding of how you might go about choosing a CSS methodology or developing one of your own, and get a first-hand look at the complexity management problems faced by today’s larger projects.
OBJECTIVE
A case study on creating and using CSS methodologies.
TARGET AUDIENCE
Front end developers, designers who code.
ASSUMED AUDIENCE KNOWLEDGE
Advanced CSS. Pre-processors like SASS, LESS or Stylus. A familiarity with an existing CSS methodology like BEM/SMACSS/OOCSS would be helpful.
FIVE THINGS AUDIENCE MEMBERS WILL LEARN
Why CSS is an increasingly complex problem.
When Bootstrap stops being a good choice.
How to manage CSS complexity.
Creating modular CSS systems.
Writing CSS that your whole team can understand.
How do you scale CSS for millions of visitors or thousands of pages? The slides from Nicole's presentation at Web Directions North in Denver will show you how to use Object Oriented CSS to write fast, maintainable, standards-based front end code. Adds much needed predictability to CSS so that even beginners can participate in writing beautiful, standards-compliant, fast websites.
The document discusses the benefits of using Block Element Modifier (BEM) methodology for CSS architecture. It begins with an introduction to BEM, explaining the concepts of blocks, elements, and modifiers. It then discusses some of the practical benefits of BEM such as reducing CSS specificity issues, improving decoupling of HTML and CSS, and enabling automation through predictable class naming. It addresses some potential criticisms of BEM like long class names but argues that BEM can be used effectively on projects of any size. Finally it shares some BEM tools and techniques including approaches for handling multiple modifiers on a single element.
The document discusses how to use Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) with Corvid Servlet Runtime templates to control formatting and layout. CSS allows separating design from content, making templates simpler and easier to maintain. It also enables adapting appearance for different devices. The document provides examples of using CSS classes to style template elements and explains how to set up a demo system using the included CSS and templates.
The document discusses how to use Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) with Corvid Servlet Runtime templates to control formatting and layout. CSS allows separating design from content, making templates simpler and easier to maintain. It also enables customization of appearance for different devices. The document provides examples of how to apply CSS classes and rules to Corvid template elements to control fonts, colors, positioning and more.
The document discusses using CSS frameworks to speed up web development by avoiding having to repeatedly write CSS resets and layout code. It describes the Blueprint CSS framework, including how it provides a grid system, typography styles, and other components out of the box. The author explains how using a framework like Blueprint CSS can save significant time over building sites from scratch each time.
1) The document introduces CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and discusses how it is used to separate HTML content from presentation through external style sheets, embedded styles, and inline styles.
2) It covers basic CSS syntax including selectors, declarations, properties, and values. Common text-related properties like font, color, size, and alignment are described.
3) The "cascade" of CSS is explained, with browser, user, and author styles having different levels of precedence based on specificity and importance. This determines which styles will apply when conflicts occur.
The document provides an overview of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), which is the language used to style HTML elements and tell the browser how elements should be rendered. It covers CSS basics like selectors, properties, values, and rules. It also discusses CSS concepts like the cascade, specificity, inheritance, and adding CSS via links, style tags, and inline styles. The history of CSS is summarized, from its origins in the 1990s to modern features like Grid, Flexbox, and custom properties. Key sections are highlighted, including selectors, the cascade, specificity, and adding CSS to HTML.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation of structured documents written in HTML or XML. CSS was introduced to separate document content from presentation, allowing the same content to be styled differently. CSS syntax uses selectors to target elements and declaration blocks with properties and values to style them. The "cascading" refers to how CSS prioritizes styles from different sources using a specificity scheme. Future developments include new selectors, blend modes, gradients, and using HTML elements as backgrounds.
The document provides an introduction to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), covering topics such as what CSS is, basic CSS syntax, CSS selectors including element, class and ID selectors, CSS properties for colors/backgrounds, text formatting, links, padding/margins, and layout. It also discusses CSS validation and the role of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in maintaining web standards.
The document provides an introduction to CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) including the different methods for linking an external CSS stylesheet (internal, external, inline). It describes CSS syntax using selectors, properties, and values to style HTML elements. Specific CSS properties like margins, padding, and classes/IDs are defined. The document is a tutorial that teaches CSS basics through examples to style text formatting, layout, and design elements of a webpage.
Girl Develop It Cincinnati: Intro to HTML/CSS Class 4Erin M. Kidwell
Here are the steps to build a basic horizontal navigation menu bar:
1. Create an unordered list <ul> with class="menu"
2. Add list items <li> for each menu item
3. Style the <ul> with display:inline-block and border-bottom
4. Style the <li> with display:inline-block, padding and hover effect
5. Add a class="current" to highlight the active page
6. Use a border-left on .current to create a left arrow
Let me know if any part needs more explanation! Building menus is a common task and these techniques will serve you well.
This is part of my classroom curriculum on IBM Rational Host Access Transformation Services. More material is available from our on site classroom courseware.
- HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are becoming the new standard for building applications and interactive experiences on the web.
- Best practices include using semantic HTML, clean CSS with a focus on maintainability, and JavaScript performance optimizations.
- Key techniques discussed are image sprites, progressive enhancement, and jQuery selector chaining to reduce DOM lookups.
SCSS is a an extension of CSS that adds power and elegance to the basic language.
It helps keep large stylesheets well organized and get small stylesheets up and running quickly.
This recipe provides a structured approach for using SCSS Pre-processor for your web applications.
Features covered :
• Pre-processing
• Variables
• Nesting
• Partials
• Imports
• Mixins
• Inheritance
• Operators
Css training tutorial css3 & css4 essentialsQA TrainingHub
Learn CSS - Cascading style Sheets to crate awsome looking for your general html Ui & Create responsive HTML Templates by understanding this css tutorial
This document provides an overview of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). It discusses advantages of CSS including saving time and improving page load speeds. The history and syntax of CSS are covered. Different types of CSS files like internal, external, and inline CSS are described. Key CSS concepts like selectors, inheritance, background properties, fonts, text formatting, styling links and lists, positioning elements, and the display property are summarized.
CSS is used to control the style and formatting of HTML documents. It allows separation of document content from document presentation, including elements like color, fonts, spacing, and layout. CSS syntax uses selectors to apply styles specified by properties and values. Common selectors include element tags, classes, IDs, and descendant/child relationships. CSS handles global presentation of HTML pages for various devices.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language that separates webpage content from presentation and defines how a website should look. It was proposed in 1994 and published in 1996. While browser support has improved, no browser fully supports all CSS specifications. CSS styles can be applied through external style sheets, internal style sheets, or inline styles. Selectors target elements to style and properties set values to change appearance.
This document provides instructions for setting up the folder structure and initial HTML page for a web development project. It walks through creating folders for the project files and then adding the basic HTML structure and tags for the first page, including the <DOCTYPE>, <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> elements. It also introduces adding CSS and JavaScript files by linking and scripting them into the <head> of the page. The goal is to set up the initial structure and files needed to begin building out the first web page.
This document discusses basic CSS layout and properties. It explains how to use class and ID selectors to style specific elements on a page. It also describes the differences between internal, external, and inline CSS styles. Finally, it covers the main CSS background properties including background-color, background-image, background-repeat, and background-position that control the aesthetics of a website.
Support en anglais diffusé lors de l'événement 100% IA organisé dans les locaux parisiens d'Iguane Solutions, le mardi 2 juillet 2024 :
- Présentation de notre plateforme IA plug and play : ses fonctionnalités avancées, telles que son interface utilisateur intuitive, son copilot puissant et des outils de monitoring performants.
- REX client : Cyril Janssens, CTO d’ easybourse, partage son expérience d’utilisation de notre plateforme IA plug & play.
Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Em...Erasmo Purificato
Slide of the tutorial entitled "Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Emerging Trends" held at UMAP'24: 32nd ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization (July 1, 2024 | Cagliari, Italy)
Understanding Insider Security Threats: Types, Examples, Effects, and Mitigat...Bert Blevins
Today’s digitally connected world presents a wide range of security challenges for enterprises. Insider security threats are particularly noteworthy because they have the potential to cause significant harm. Unlike external threats, insider risks originate from within the company, making them more subtle and challenging to identify. This blog aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of insider security threats, including their types, examples, effects, and mitigation techniques.
Mitigating the Impact of State Management in Cloud Stream Processing SystemsScyllaDB
Stream processing is a crucial component of modern data infrastructure, but constructing an efficient and scalable stream processing system can be challenging. Decoupling compute and storage architecture has emerged as an effective solution to these challenges, but it can introduce high latency issues, especially when dealing with complex continuous queries that necessitate managing extra-large internal states.
In this talk, we focus on addressing the high latency issues associated with S3 storage in stream processing systems that employ a decoupled compute and storage architecture. We delve into the root causes of latency in this context and explore various techniques to minimize the impact of S3 latency on stream processing performance. Our proposed approach is to implement a tiered storage mechanism that leverages a blend of high-performance and low-cost storage tiers to reduce data movement between the compute and storage layers while maintaining efficient processing.
Throughout the talk, we will present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in mitigating the impact of S3 latency on stream processing. By the end of the talk, attendees will have gained insights into how to optimize their stream processing systems for reduced latency and improved cost-efficiency.
BT & Neo4j: Knowledge Graphs for Critical Enterprise Systems.pptx.pdfNeo4j
Presented at Gartner Data & Analytics, London Maty 2024. BT Group has used the Neo4j Graph Database to enable impressive digital transformation programs over the last 6 years. By re-imagining their operational support systems to adopt self-serve and data lead principles they have substantially reduced the number of applications and complexity of their operations. The result has been a substantial reduction in risk and costs while improving time to value, innovation, and process automation. Join this session to hear their story, the lessons they learned along the way and how their future innovation plans include the exploration of uses of EKG + Generative AI.
Details of description part II: Describing images in practice - Tech Forum 2024BookNet Canada
This presentation explores the practical application of image description techniques. Familiar guidelines will be demonstrated in practice, and descriptions will be developed “live”! If you have learned a lot about the theory of image description techniques but want to feel more confident putting them into practice, this is the presentation for you. There will be useful, actionable information for everyone, whether you are working with authors, colleagues, alone, or leveraging AI as a collaborator.
Link to presentation recording and transcript: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/details-of-description-part-ii-describing-images-in-practice/
Presented by BookNet Canada on June 25, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Scaling Connections in PostgreSQL Postgres Bangalore(PGBLR) Meetup-2 - MydbopsMydbops
This presentation, delivered at the Postgres Bangalore (PGBLR) Meetup-2 on June 29th, 2024, dives deep into connection pooling for PostgreSQL databases. Aakash M, a PostgreSQL Tech Lead at Mydbops, explores the challenges of managing numerous connections and explains how connection pooling optimizes performance and resource utilization.
Key Takeaways:
* Understand why connection pooling is essential for high-traffic applications
* Explore various connection poolers available for PostgreSQL, including pgbouncer
* Learn the configuration options and functionalities of pgbouncer
* Discover best practices for monitoring and troubleshooting connection pooling setups
* Gain insights into real-world use cases and considerations for production environments
This presentation is ideal for:
* Database administrators (DBAs)
* Developers working with PostgreSQL
* DevOps engineers
* Anyone interested in optimizing PostgreSQL performance
Contact info@mydbops.com for PostgreSQL Managed, Consulting and Remote DBA Services
Choose our Linux Web Hosting for a seamless and successful online presencerajancomputerfbd
Our Linux Web Hosting plans offer unbeatable performance, security, and scalability, ensuring your website runs smoothly and efficiently.
Visit- https://onliveserver.com/linux-web-hosting/
7 Most Powerful Solar Storms in the History of Earth.pdfEnterprise Wired
Solar Storms (Geo Magnetic Storms) are the motion of accelerated charged particles in the solar environment with high velocities due to the coronal mass ejection (CME).
Blockchain technology is transforming industries and reshaping the way we conduct business, manage data, and secure transactions. Whether you're new to blockchain or looking to deepen your knowledge, our guidebook, "Blockchain for Dummies", is your ultimate resource.
Are you interested in dipping your toes in the cloud native observability waters, but as an engineer you are not sure where to get started with tracing problems through your microservices and application landscapes on Kubernetes? Then this is the session for you, where we take you on your first steps in an active open-source project that offers a buffet of languages, challenges, and opportunities for getting started with telemetry data.
The project is called openTelemetry, but before diving into the specifics, we’ll start with de-mystifying key concepts and terms such as observability, telemetry, instrumentation, cardinality, percentile to lay a foundation. After understanding the nuts and bolts of observability and distributed traces, we’ll explore the openTelemetry community; its Special Interest Groups (SIGs), repositories, and how to become not only an end-user, but possibly a contributor.We will wrap up with an overview of the components in this project, such as the Collector, the OpenTelemetry protocol (OTLP), its APIs, and its SDKs.
Attendees will leave with an understanding of key observability concepts, become grounded in distributed tracing terminology, be aware of the components of openTelemetry, and know how to take their first steps to an open-source contribution!
Key Takeaways: Open source, vendor neutral instrumentation is an exciting new reality as the industry standardizes on openTelemetry for observability. OpenTelemetry is on a mission to enable effective observability by making high-quality, portable telemetry ubiquitous. The world of observability and monitoring today has a steep learning curve and in order to achieve ubiquity, the project would benefit from growing our contributor community.
Advanced Techniques for Cyber Security Analysis and Anomaly DetectionBert Blevins
Cybersecurity is a major concern in today's connected digital world. Threats to organizations are constantly evolving and have the potential to compromise sensitive information, disrupt operations, and lead to significant financial losses. Traditional cybersecurity techniques often fall short against modern attackers. Therefore, advanced techniques for cyber security analysis and anomaly detection are essential for protecting digital assets. This blog explores these cutting-edge methods, providing a comprehensive overview of their application and importance.
Implementations of Fused Deposition Modeling in real worldEmerging Tech
The presentation showcases the diverse real-world applications of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) across multiple industries:
1. **Manufacturing**: FDM is utilized in manufacturing for rapid prototyping, creating custom tools and fixtures, and producing functional end-use parts. Companies leverage its cost-effectiveness and flexibility to streamline production processes.
2. **Medical**: In the medical field, FDM is used to create patient-specific anatomical models, surgical guides, and prosthetics. Its ability to produce precise and biocompatible parts supports advancements in personalized healthcare solutions.
3. **Education**: FDM plays a crucial role in education by enabling students to learn about design and engineering through hands-on 3D printing projects. It promotes innovation and practical skill development in STEM disciplines.
4. **Science**: Researchers use FDM to prototype equipment for scientific experiments, build custom laboratory tools, and create models for visualization and testing purposes. It facilitates rapid iteration and customization in scientific endeavors.
5. **Automotive**: Automotive manufacturers employ FDM for prototyping vehicle components, tooling for assembly lines, and customized parts. It speeds up the design validation process and enhances efficiency in automotive engineering.
6. **Consumer Electronics**: FDM is utilized in consumer electronics for designing and prototyping product enclosures, casings, and internal components. It enables rapid iteration and customization to meet evolving consumer demands.
7. **Robotics**: Robotics engineers leverage FDM to prototype robot parts, create lightweight and durable components, and customize robot designs for specific applications. It supports innovation and optimization in robotic systems.
8. **Aerospace**: In aerospace, FDM is used to manufacture lightweight parts, complex geometries, and prototypes of aircraft components. It contributes to cost reduction, faster production cycles, and weight savings in aerospace engineering.
9. **Architecture**: Architects utilize FDM for creating detailed architectural models, prototypes of building components, and intricate designs. It aids in visualizing concepts, testing structural integrity, and communicating design ideas effectively.
Each industry example demonstrates how FDM enhances innovation, accelerates product development, and addresses specific challenges through advanced manufacturing capabilities.
An invited talk given by Mark Billinghurst on Research Directions for Cross Reality Interfaces. This was given on July 2nd 2024 as part of the 2024 Summer School on Cross Reality in Hagenberg, Austria (July 1st - 7th)
Quality Patents: Patents That Stand the Test of TimeAurora Consulting
Is your patent a vanity piece of paper for your office wall? Or is it a reliable, defendable, assertable, property right? The difference is often quality.
Is your patent simply a transactional cost and a large pile of legal bills for your startup? Or is it a leverageable asset worthy of attracting precious investment dollars, worth its cost in multiples of valuation? The difference is often quality.
Is your patent application only good enough to get through the examination process? Or has it been crafted to stand the tests of time and varied audiences if you later need to assert that document against an infringer, find yourself litigating with it in an Article 3 Court at the hands of a judge and jury, God forbid, end up having to defend its validity at the PTAB, or even needing to use it to block pirated imports at the International Trade Commission? The difference is often quality.
Quality will be our focus for a good chunk of the remainder of this season. What goes into a quality patent, and where possible, how do you get it without breaking the bank?
** Episode Overview **
In this first episode of our quality series, Kristen Hansen and the panel discuss:
⦿ What do we mean when we say patent quality?
⦿ Why is patent quality important?
⦿ How to balance quality and budget
⦿ The importance of searching, continuations, and draftsperson domain expertise
⦿ Very practical tips, tricks, examples, and Kristen’s Musts for drafting quality applications
https://www.aurorapatents.com/patently-strategic-podcast.html
2. What is CSS? CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets and is the language used for implementing designs on HTML documents. CSS is a declarative language, not a programmable language. Currently the main-stream version of CSS supported by all major browsers is CSS 2.1
3. CSS Basics - Selectors CSS declarations are comprised of "selectors" and "properties". Selectors are used to select the element(s) in the page the declaration is applied to. Properties are used to denote which styling properties should be applied to the selected element(s) Example: selector{ property:value; }
4. CSS Basics - Selectors Selector Pattern Description Universal * Matches any element Type (element) E Matches any E element Class .class Matches any element with class="class" ID #id Matches any element with id="id" Descendant E D Matches any element D who is a descendant of element E Child E > D Matches any element D who is a direct child of element E Sibling E + D Matches any element D who is a direct sibling (adjacent) of element E Attribute E[attr] E[attr=val] E[attr~=val1 val2] E[attr|=val] Match element with attr attribute is equal to val attribute is equal to val1 or val2 attribute is not equal to val Pseudo-classes :hover, :active, :visited, :link, :first-child, :first-line, :first-letter :before, :after
5. CSS Basics - Selectors The following selectors are not supported in IE6: Child selectors - E > D Sibling selectors - E + D Attribute selectors - E[attr] ... Multiple class selectors - E.myclass.active Pseudo-classes - :before, :after, :first-child, :focus, :lang :hover pseudo-class only works on <a> elements You can use this to target IE6 specific CSS: #myID #container { background-image:url(/transparent.gif); } /* IE6 */ #myID > #container { background-image:url(/transparent.png); }
6. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution When two CSS selectors target the same element(s), how does the browser know which declaration (CSS block) should be applied? This problem is known as CSS Conflict Resolution and is resolved on three levels: Cascade - selector level Importance - declaration level Specificity - selector level
7. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution p - 0,0,0,1 p.class - 0,0,1,1 #nav li.active - 0,1,1,1 .ie .menu a:hover - 0,0,3,1 form input[type=submit] - 0,0,0,2 inline styles ID selectors Class selectors Type selectors 1 1 1 1
8. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution Using the specificity table above we can determine how the browser will choose between two selectors that target the same element(s). Specific selectors will always take precedence over less specific selectors. Specificity works at the selector level . If two selectors with different specificity contain different CSS properties, there will be no conflict between them.
9. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution For example: a:hover{ /* specificity 0,0,0,1 */ color:blue; /* affects link color */ } li a:hover{ /* specificity 0,0,0,2 */ text-decoration:underline; /* affects link decoration */ } #post a:hover{ /* specificity 0,1,0,1 */ color:red; /* affects link color - conflicts with a:hover */ }
10. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution When two or more CSS selectors have the same specificity and target the same element(s), how will the browser choose which will take precedence? According to the cascade, selectors are evaluated in the order they appear in the document. Therefore, selectors that appear late in the document will take precedence over selectors that appear early in the document.
11. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution When a browser evaluates CSS document it does so in the following order: User-agent CSS - lowest precedence Developer CSS - second-lowest precedence User-defined CSS - highest precedence The rules of the cascade will be applied to the above CSS in ascending order. Like specificity, the cascade works at the selector level. Two overlapping selectors with different CSS properties will not cause a conflict.
12. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution When two conflicting selectors contain the same CSS property / properties, how does the browser choose which property to apply? CSS properties can be marked as "important" which will mean they should take precedence over identical properties in conflicting selectors. For example: body { color:black !important; } div a { color:blue; }
13. CSS Basics - Conflict Resolution Putting everything together: When two or more selectors target the same element(s) the browser will: Try to resolve conflicting properties using specificity Try to resolve conflicting selectors using the cascade Try to resolve conflicting selectors using importance Specificity has the lowest precedence and importance has the highest precedence. When resolving conflicts using importance, the rules of the cascade still apply!
14. CSS Basics - The Box Model The box model defines how the browser should handle the rectangular boxes that are generated for elements. See image below or a 3D diagram
15. CSS Basics - The Box Model In simple terms we can say that the box model defines the calculation of box dimensions as following: total width = border-right + padding-right + width + padding-left + border-left total height = border-top + padding-top + height + padding-bottom + border-bottom Why is this important you ask? Simple - So we can calculate element dimensions when planning our layout.
16. CSS Basics - The Box Model A few things to remember: Block-level elements have explicit dimensions Inline-level elements have implicit dimensions Floating an element will cause an element to lose its width, unless set explicitly (as required by CSS specifications) Vertical margins are collapsed by the browser only so the larger of the two will take effect.
18. CSS Best Practices & Tips Reset styles to eliminate browser inconsistencies ( example ) Use meaningful markup Separate content from display Use meaningful class and ID names Use specific selectors for faster parsing Harness the power of the cascade and CSS inheritance to your advantage
19. CSS Best Practices & Tips Plan your layout carefully during the HTML coding stage Group similar-styled page components together Define typography once at the beginning of your CSS document Use browser-specific CSS handicap to your advantage when trying to handle browser-specific problems #nav li a { ...some css for ie6 } #nav li > a { ...some css for all browsers }
21. Design Deconstruction When approaching a new project, it might be useful to deconstruct the design as follows: Look at content without design - Analyze what's the site's content structure so you can plan your HTML accordingly Analyze the proposed layout and identify common patterns and pitfalls Analyze the design's typographic structure and implement at the beginning of your CSS Identify graphic patterns that should be grouped into a CSS sprite. Use as few sprites as possible. If needed separate pattern sprites from icon sprites.
22. Design Deconstruction Try to identify browser-specific pitfalls in the design and either account for them in your plan or remove from design Try to identify what kind of interaction effects you should implement in the design and opt for CSS-driven effects whenever possible. Implement your UI once! If there are UI inconsistencies, either ignore or educate your designer. Identify resource-hungry decorations and put them on low-graphics diet. Reuse! Reuse! Reuse! Lets look at Ars Technica , Smashing Mag. and Linux.com
24. Javascript Javascript is a fickle friend!!! Its a bit old, its a bit off-standard, it sort-of has an OOP model, but when you get to know it, its oodles of fun!
25. Javascript - The basics Javascript runs on the client which means that execution speed depends on the rendering engine and the user's computer In other words - The same Javascript code will run differently on two computers.
26. Javascript - The basics If you can't beat them, join them! Minimize DOM complexity Include your Javascript where appropriate in the DOM Load Javascript on-demand if possible Cache your Javascript whenever possible Reduce file size to reduce initial parsing time Reduce network traffic to minimum Simplify your code to optimize execution time Validate your code with JSLint or similar
27. Javascript - The basics Understand Javascript variable-scope. Javascript variables has no private/public name-spaces Variables can be either global or local - beware of collision Declare variables explicitly to denote type and initial value and avoid name collisions Optionally, use Javascript Objects as variable containers var params = { name : 'zohar', age : 34, height : 187, skills : ['css', 'js', 'xhtml'] }
28. Javascript - The basics Know thy DOM DOM is the mechanism we use to reference and manipulate our document's HTML. The DOM is a programmatic, object-oriented way to represent and handle HTML (XML) structure. In relation to text manipulation, DOM and XML parsing are very slow. Each rendering engine implements the DOM a bit differently.
29. Javascript - The basics Know thy DOM DOM calls are expensive. Use the when appropriate Be specific in your DOM calls. Use getElementById when possible Cache DOM calls Although considered "less" elegant, innerHTML is much faster than document .appendChild()
30. Javascript - The basics Understand the meaning of "this" "this" refers to the scope of code execution at any given point in the code, during execution time (not parse time). The easiest way to remember what is "this" is as follows: "this" will always refer to the object before the "." sign in the calling code.
31. Javascript - The basics function test(){ var _this = this ; //this points to the window object } myObj = { run : function (){ console.log( this .name); // this points to myObj } , name : 'zohar' } myObj.run(); myElement. onclick = function (){ this .className = 'active'; // this points to myElement }
32. Javascript - Programming Tips Javascript short-hand is cool. Use it! //one-line variable assignment var i = 0, arr = [], el = document .getElementById(' id '); // default value assignment //arg1 is passed to the function var status = arg1 || ' active '; //variable assignment in if statement var el; if ( el = document .getElementById(' id ') ){ ..... }
33. Javascript - Programming Tips // selective method execution myObj = { func1 : function () {}, func1 : function () {} } function test( status ){ myObj[ status == 'active' ? ' func1 ' : ' func2 '](); }
34. Javascript - Programming Tips Use JSON for both parameters and code clusters to make your code more ordered and readable. var tabManager = { init : function (){ ... } onTabChange : function () { ... } params : { active : 'active', inactive : 'inactive' tabsParentID : 'tabs' } }
35. Javascript - Programming Tips Try thinking OOP in Javascript: var Class = function (obj){ return function (){ if( typeof obj.initialize === 'function' ){ obj.initialize. apply (obj,arguments); } return obj; } } Function . prototype .bind = function (tgt){ var self = this ; return function (){ self. apply (tgt, arguments); }(); }
36. Javascript - Programming Tips Try thinking OOP in Javascript: var Test = new Class({ initialize : function (){ console.log('starting', arguments , this ); this .run.bind( this ); bindTest.bind( this ); }, run :function(){ console.log( this ,'running'); } }); function bindTest(){ console.log( this ,'bindTest'); } var t = new Test(true,10);