Your First 10 million Users on the AWS Cloud
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As part of the Introduction to AWS Workshop Series, see how to scale your website from your first user, right up to a complex architecture to support 10 million users.
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Your First 10 million Users on the AWS Cloud
- 1. Your First 10 Million Users with Amazon Web Services Chris Hampartsoumian Technology Evangelist @chrishampart
- 2. So how do we get to scale?
- 4. a lot of things to read
- 5. a lot of things to read not where we want to start
- 6. Auto Scaling is a tool and a destination. It’s not the single thing that fixes everything.
- 7. What do we need first?
- 8. Some basics…
- 9. US-WEST (Oregon) EU-WEST (Ireland) ASIA PAC (Tokyo) US-WEST (N. California) SOUTH AMERICA (Sao Paulo) US-EAST (Virginia) AWS GovCloud (US) ASIA PAC (Sydney) ASIA PAC (Singapore) CHINA (Beijing) EU-CENTRAL (Frankfurt)
- 10. US-WEST (Oregon) EU-WEST (Ireland) ASIA PAC (Tokyo) US-WEST (N. California) SOUTH AMERICA (Sao Paulo) US-EAST (Virginia) AWS GovCloud (US) ASIA PAC (Sydney) ASIA PAC (Singapore) CHINA (Beijing) EU-CENTRAL (Frankfurt)
- 12. AWS Provides Broad and Deep Services to Support any Cloud Workload Application Services AWS Global Infrastructure Networking Deployment & Administration Compute StorageCompute Database
- 13. Mobile Push Notifications Mobile Analytics Cognito Cognito Sync Analytics Kinesis Data Pipeline RedShift EMR AWS Global Infrastructure Your Applications AWS Global Infrastructure11 Regions 28 Availability Zones 53 Edge Locations Network VPC Direct Connect Route 53 API Human Interaction Support Web Console Interaction Command Line Libraries, SDK’s Storage EBS S3 Glacier CloudFront Database DynamoDBRDS ElastiCache Deployment & Management Elastic Beanstalk OpsWorks Cloud Formation Code Deploy Code Pipeline Code Commit Security & Administration CloudWatch Config Cloud Trail IAM Directory KMS Application SQS SWF App Stream Elastic Transcoder SES Cloud Search SNS Enterprise Applications WorkSpaces WorkMail WorkDocs Compute EC2 ELB Auto Scaling LambdaECS
- 14. So let’s start from day one, user one (you)
- 17. • Will hit an endpoint eventually c3.8xlarge m3.2xlarge t2.micro
- 18. utilizes Intel® Xeon® processors Core count, Memory size, Storage size & type, Network performance, & CPU technologies • Hurry Up & Go Idle
- 19. Intel® Xeon® v3 • Haswell microarchitecture has better branch prediction; efficient at prefetching instructions and data; along with other improvements that can boost existing applications’ performance by 30% or more P state and C state control Intel® AVX2.0
- 20. • Intel® AVX – Get dramatically better performance for highly parallel HPC workloads such as life science engineering, data mining, financial analysis, or other technical computing applications. AVX also enhances image, video, and audio processing. • Intel® AES-NI – Enhance your security with these new encryption instructions that reduce the performance penalty associated with encrypting/decrypting data. • Intel® Turbo Boost Technology – Get more computing power when you need it with performance that adapts to spikes in your workload with Intel® Turbo Boost Technology 2.0
- 23. • No failover • No redundancy • Too many eggs in one basket EC2 Instance Elastic IP Amazon Route 53 User
- 25. Self-managed Fully managed Database server on Amazon EC2 Your choice of database running on Amazon EC2 Bring Your Own License (BYOL) Amazon DynamoDB Managed NoSQL database service using SSD storage Seamless scalability Zero administration Amazon RDS Aurora, Microsoft SQL, Oracle, MySQL or PostgreSQL as a managed service BYOL or License Included Amazon Redshift Massively parallel, petabyte-scale data warehouse service Fast, powerful, and easy to scale Database options
- 26. But how do I choose what DB technology I need? SQL? NoSQL?
- 29. If you do NEED NoSQL Consider Amazon DynamoDB
- 31. Web Instance RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Availability Zone Web Instance RDS DB Instance Standby (Multi-AZ) Elastic Load Balancer Amazon Route 53 User
- 32. • Create highly scalable applications • Distribute load across EC2 instances in multiple Availability Zones Feature Details Available Load balances across instances in mul1ple Availability Zones Health checks Automa1cally checks health of instances and takes them in or out of service Session s6ckiness Routes requests to the same instance Secure sockets layer Supports SSL offload from web and applica1on servers with flexible cipher support Monitoring Publishes metrics to CloudWatch and can get logs of requests processed Elastic Load Balancer Elastic Load Balancer
- 33. Scaling this horizontally and vertically will get us pretty far ( 10k -100k’s of users)
- 34. User 10k-100k’s RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Availability Zone RDS DB Instance Standby (Multi-AZ) Elastic Load Balancer RDS DB Instance Read Replica RDS DB Instance Read Replica RDS DB Instance Read Replica RDS DB Instance Read Replica Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Amazon Route 53 User
- 35. This will take us pretty far, but we care about performance and efficiency, so let’s improve further
- 36. Web Instance RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer Amazon Route 53 User
- 37. Web Instance RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer Amazon S3 Amazon Cloudfront Amazon Route 53 User • Move static content from the web instance to Amazon S3 and Amazon CloudFront
- 38. Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) is cloud storage for the Internet: Amazon S3
- 39. CloudFront Amazon CloudFront is a web service for scalable content delivery: • Cache static content at the edge for faster delivery • Helps lower load on origin infrastructure • Dynamic and static content • Streaming video • Custom SSL certificates • Low TTLs (as short as 0 seconds) • Lower costs for origin fetches (between Amazon S3 / Amazon EC2 and CloudFront) • Optimized to work with Amazon EC2, Amazon S3, Elastic Load Balancing, and Amazon Route 53 Response Time Server Load Response Time Server Load Response Time Server Load No CDN CDN for Sta1c Content CDN for Sta1c & Dynamic Content 0 20 40 60 80 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 5:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM 9:00 PM VolumeofData Delivered(Gbps)
- 40. Web Instance RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer Amazon S3 Amazon Cloudfront Amazon Route 53 User
- 41. • Move session/state and DB caching to Amazon ElastiCache or Amazon DynamoDB Web Instance RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer Amazon S3 Amazon Cloudfront Amazon Route 53 User ElastiCache DynamoDB
- 42. • Managed, provisioned throughput NoSQL database • Fast, predictable performance • Fully distributed, fault tolerant architecture • JSON support (NEW) • Items up to 400 KB (NEW) Feature Details Provisioned throughput Dial up or down provisioned read/write capacity Predictable performance Average single digit millisecond latencies from SSD-‐backed infrastructure Strong consistency Be sure you are reading the most up to date values Fault tolerant Data replicated across Availability Zones Monitoring Integrated with Amazon CloudWatch Secure Integrates with AWS Iden1ty and Access Management (IAM)
- 44. • Move dynamic content from the ELB to Amazon CloudFront Web Instance RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer Amazon S3 Amazon Cloudfront Amazon Route 53 User ElastiCache DynamoDB
- 45. • Move dynamic content from the ELB to Amazon CloudFront Web Instance RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer Amazon S3 Amazon Cloudfront Amazon Route 53 User ElastiCache DynamoDB
- 46. Now that our web tier is much more lightweight, we can revisit the beginning of our talk…
- 47. Auto Scaling!
- 48. Automatic resizing of compute clusters based on demand Feature Details Control Define minimum and maximum instance pool sizes and when scaling and cool down occurs. Integrated to Amazon CloudWatch Use metrics gathered by CloudWatch to drive scaling. Instance types Run Auto Scaling for on-‐demand and Spot Instances. Compa1ble with VPC. aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name MyGroup --launch-configuration-name MyConfig --min-size 4 --max-size 200 --availability-zones us-west-2c, us-west-2b Auto Scaling Trigger auto-scaling policy Amazon CloudWatch
- 49. Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Typical weekly traffic to Amazon.com
- 50. Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Typical weekly traffic to Amazon.com Provisioned capacity
- 51. November
- 54. November
- 55. Auto Scaling lets you do this!
- 56. Availability Zone Amazon Route 53 User Amazon S3 Amazon Cloudfront Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer DynamoDB RDS DB Instance Read Replica Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance ElastiCache RDS DB Instance Read Replica Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance ElastiCacheRDS DB Instance Standby (Multi-AZ) RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ)
- 59. AWS application management solutions Convenience Control Higher-level services Do it yourself AWS Elastic Beanstalk AWS OpsWorks AWS CloudFormation Amazon EC2
- 61. Host Level Metrics Aggregate Level Metrics
- 62. Centralized Log Analysis External Site Monitoring
- 63. There are further improvements to be made by breaking apart our web/app layer
- 66. Controller A Controller B Controller A Controller B Q Q Tight coupling Use Amazon SQS as buffers Loose coupling
- 67. DON’T REINVENT THE WHEEL Examples: • Email • Queuing • Transcoding • Search • Databases • Monitoring • Metrics • Logging Amazon CloudSearch Amazon SQSAmazon SNS Amazon Elastic Transcoder Amazon SWF Amazon SES In the early days, if someone has a service for it already, opt to use that instead of building it yourself.
- 69. RDS DB Instance Active (Multi-AZ) Availability Zone Elastic Load Balancer RDS DB Instance Read Replica RDS DB Instance Read Replica Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Web Instance Amazon Route 53 User Amazon S3 Amazon Cloudfront DynamoDB Amazon SQS ElastiCache Worker Instance Worker Instance Amazon CloudWatch Internal App Instance Internal App Instance Amazon SES
- 70. The next big steps
- 72. • Split up databases by function/ purpose • Harder to do cross-function queries • Essentially delaying the need for something like sharding/ NoSQL until much further down the line • Won’t help with single huge functions/tables ForumsDB UsersDB ProductsDB
- 73. Sharded horizontal scaling • More complex at the application layer • No practical limit on scalability • Operation complexity/ sophistication • Shard by function or key space • RDBMS or NoSQL User ShardID 002345 A 002346 B 002347 C 002348 B 002349 A Shard C Shard B Shard A
- 74. Shifting functionality to NoSQL • ALeverage hosted services like DynamoDB • Some use cases: – Leaderboards/scoring – Rapid ingest of clickstream/log data – Temporary data needs (cart data) – “Hot” tables – Metadata/lookup tables DynamoDB
- 75. A quick review
- 78. Putting all this together means we should now easily be able to handle 10+ million users!
- 79. To infinity…..
- 80. Expand Your Cloud Skills with AWS Certification aws.amazon.com/certification Validate your proven technical expertise with the AWS platform and gain recognition for your skills Online videos and labs aws.amazon.com/training/ self-paced-labs Start working with an AWS service in minutes with free online instructional videos and labs aws.amazon.com/training Instructor-led courses Learn how to design, deploy, and operate highly available, cost-effective, and secure applications on AWS
- 81. Thank you! @AWSCloudSEAsia Chris Hampartsoumian Technology Evangelist ASEAN