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SoftwareTesting
Defect/Bug Life Cycle – Flow Chart
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What is Bug ?
Bug can be defined as the abnormal behavior of
the software. A bug is a specific concern about the
quality of the Software. The elimination of bugs
from the software depends upon the efficiency of
testing done on the software.
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Bug Life Cycle
In software development process, the bug has a life
cycle. The bug should go through the life cycle to be
closed. A specific life cycle ensures that the process
is standardized. The bug attains different states in
the life cycle.
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States of a Bug
The different states of a bug can be summarized as
follows:
1. New
2. Open
3. Assign
4. Test
5. Verified
6. Deferred
7. Reopened
8. Duplicate
9. Rejected and
10. Closed
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The document provides answers to various questions related to manual software testing practices. It discusses key concepts like priority and severity levels of defects, examples of high severity low priority defects. It also covers the basis for test case review, contents of requirements documents, differences between web and client-server application testing, defect life cycle, and techniques for test plan preparation. The document is a guide for manual testers that aims to enhance their understanding of software testing concepts and best practices.

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Flow Chart
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Description of Various Stages
1. New:
When the bug is posted for the first time, its state will be
“NEW”. This means that the bug is not yet approved.
2. Open:
After a tester has posted a bug, the lead of the tester approves
that the bug is genuine and he changes the state as “OPEN”.
3. Assign:
Once the lead changes the state as “OPEN”, he assigns the bug
to corresponding developer or developer team. The state of
the bug now is changed to “ASSIGN”.
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Cont..
4. Test:
Once the developer fixes the bug, he has to assign the bug to
the testing team for next round of testing. Before he releases
the software with bug fixed, he changes the state of bug to
“TEST”. It specifies that the bug has been fixed and is
released to testing team.
5. Deferred:
The bug, changed to deferred state means the bug is
expected to be fixed in next releases. The reasons for
changing the bug to this state have many factors. Some of
them are priority of the bug may be low, lack of time for the
release or the bug may not have major effect on the
software.
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Cont..
6. Rejected:
If the developer feels that the bug is not genuine, he rejects the
bug. Then the state of the bug is changed to “REJECTED”.
7. Duplicate:
If the bug is repeated twice or the two bugs mention the same
concept of the bug, then one bug status is changed to
“DUPLICATE”.
8. Verified:
Once the bug is fixed and the status is changed to “TEST”, the
tester tests the bug. If the bug is not present in the software, he
approves that the bug is fixed and changes the status to
“VERIFIED”.
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software testing is necessary to make sure the product or application is defect free, as per customer specifications. Software testing identifies fault whose removal increases the software Quality and Increases the software reliability.Testing effort is directly proportional to the complexity of the program.

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The document discusses various basic interview questions for manual testing. It covers the differences between functional and non-functional requirements, severity and priority, types of severity levels, priority vs severity, bucket testing, entry and exit criteria, concurrency testing, code coverage, branch coverage, high vs low level test cases, localization testing, risk analysis, two tier vs three tier architectures, static vs dynamic testing, use case diagrams, web application testing phases, unit, interface and integration testing types, alpha, beta and gamma testing, and security testing methods like black box, white box, penetration testing and input validation.

Cont..
9. Reopened:
If the bug still exists even after the bug is fixed by the
developer, the tester changes the status to “REOPENED”.
The bug traverses the life cycle once again.
10. Closed:
Once the bug is fixed, it is tested by the tester. If the tester
feels that the bug no longer exists in the software, he
changes the status of the bug to “CLOSED”. This state
means that the bug is fixed, tested and approved.
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Software Testing - Defect/Bug Life Cycle - Complete Flow Chart of Defect States

  • 1. SoftwareTesting Defect/Bug Life Cycle – Flow Chart Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
  • 2. What is Bug ? Bug can be defined as the abnormal behavior of the software. A bug is a specific concern about the quality of the Software. The elimination of bugs from the software depends upon the efficiency of testing done on the software. Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
  • 3. Bug Life Cycle In software development process, the bug has a life cycle. The bug should go through the life cycle to be closed. A specific life cycle ensures that the process is standardized. The bug attains different states in the life cycle. Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
  • 4. States of a Bug The different states of a bug can be summarized as follows: 1. New 2. Open 3. Assign 4. Test 5. Verified 6. Deferred 7. Reopened 8. Duplicate 9. Rejected and 10. Closed Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
  • 6. Description of Various Stages 1. New: When the bug is posted for the first time, its state will be “NEW”. This means that the bug is not yet approved. 2. Open: After a tester has posted a bug, the lead of the tester approves that the bug is genuine and he changes the state as “OPEN”. 3. Assign: Once the lead changes the state as “OPEN”, he assigns the bug to corresponding developer or developer team. The state of the bug now is changed to “ASSIGN”. Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
  • 7. Cont.. 4. Test: Once the developer fixes the bug, he has to assign the bug to the testing team for next round of testing. Before he releases the software with bug fixed, he changes the state of bug to “TEST”. It specifies that the bug has been fixed and is released to testing team. 5. Deferred: The bug, changed to deferred state means the bug is expected to be fixed in next releases. The reasons for changing the bug to this state have many factors. Some of them are priority of the bug may be low, lack of time for the release or the bug may not have major effect on the software. Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
  • 8. Cont.. 6. Rejected: If the developer feels that the bug is not genuine, he rejects the bug. Then the state of the bug is changed to “REJECTED”. 7. Duplicate: If the bug is repeated twice or the two bugs mention the same concept of the bug, then one bug status is changed to “DUPLICATE”. 8. Verified: Once the bug is fixed and the status is changed to “TEST”, the tester tests the bug. If the bug is not present in the software, he approves that the bug is fixed and changes the status to “VERIFIED”. Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
  • 9. Cont.. 9. Reopened: If the bug still exists even after the bug is fixed by the developer, the tester changes the status to “REOPENED”. The bug traverses the life cycle once again. 10. Closed: Once the bug is fixed, it is tested by the tester. If the tester feels that the bug no longer exists in the software, he changes the status of the bug to “CLOSED”. This state means that the bug is fixed, tested and approved. Video Tuition Let’s share knowledge
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