Introduction to PowerShell

 Independent Consultant – Napeague Inc.
 Software Development since 1983
 Few Facts (@boulosdib)
 First Personal Computer 1980 – TRS-80 III
 First Z80 based product (EPROM based Protocol Adpator – 1984)
 First Commercial PC-DOS product (Telex on PCs – 1985)
 Started 16-bit Windows Development using Win 3.1
 Developed on: 8080/Z80, 68xxx, PDP/RSX,VAX-VMS and x86/x64
(C/C++/C#)
 Worked with PowerShell since Monad (2006)
 Worked with SharePoint since STS (2003)
 More facts
▪ Favorite sport – Windsurfing 
▪ Favorite hobby – Playing my sunburst Fender Stratocaster+ guitar.
▪ Favorite guitar players
▪ Wes Montgomery, Larry Carlton and Ritchie Blackmore (Deep Purple, Rainbow)

 Overview of PowerShell
 Introduction to PowerShell Scripting
Language
 Tools
 Script Authoring
 SharePoint Management Console
 SharePoint CmdLets

 NYC Code Camp
 I will be presenting on LightSwitch and Silverlight
at the NYC Code Camp 6 (Autumn 2011)
 Saturday October 1st
 Pace University
 Registration Still Open
 http://CodeCampNyc.org

 Interactive Command Shell
 Programmatic (Script) Execution
Environment
 Dynamic Scripting Language
 Extensible (CmdLets, .Net etc…)
 Hosted (i.e. NuGet)
 Management tool for Servers

“A shell is the piece of software that lets you access the
functionality provided by the operating system. “
Bruce Payette - Co-Designer and Implementer of the
PowerShell language.
 Example
 Windows Explorer
 Command.com
 Cmd.exe
 Bash (Unix)
 PowerShell

 Interactive Environment with .Net
 Automation Tool
 Easy to use
 Available on all Windows SKUs starting with
XP SP2 and Windows 2003
 Management tool for Servers

 Productivity Gains – One Liner

 Common Parameters
 -Verbose
 -Debug
 -WarningAction
 -WarningVariable
 -ErrorAction
 -ErrorVariable
 -OutVariable
 -OutBuffer

 Risk Mitigation Parameters (certainly critical in a production environment)
 What-If
 -Confirm

 Wildcard support.
 All names and parameter value can support wildcard.
 Pipeline
 Much more about this later.

 Command vs. Expression mode parsing
 Echo 1+1
 1+1
 Everything returns a value
 “String”
 Variable
 $ Prefix
 i.e. $var = “Hello Sharepoint”
 Type System
 All .Net types as well as Custom Types

 Help
 Get-Help (or -? Following any command)
 Get-Help about_<<anyname>>
 Get-Help –Examples
 Get-Help –Full

 High level task oriented abstraction
 Verb-XXNoun
 Verbs: Get, Set, New, Write, Read
 Nouns: Drive, Variable, Provider, Site, Collection
 Get-Verb
 Predefined Commands
 When Starting Remember these:
 Get-Help
 Get-Member
 Get-Command

 Get-Help
 As it says, it helps!!!
 Get-Command
 Get information about what can be invoked
 Get-Member
 Show what can be done with an object
 Get-Module
 Show packages of commands
 GetType
 Discover details about an object’s type information.

 Compare
 Foreach
 Group
 Measure
 Select
 Sort
 Tee
 Where

 PowerShell ISE
 Simple Editor and Debugger
 PowerGUI
 Administrative Console
 PowerGUI Editor
 Powerpacks – a number to choose from.
 Visual Studio
 Notepad

 Out-Host
 Out-Null
 Out-Printer
 Out-String
 Out-GridView

 The best part about PowerShell
 Output of one CmdLet is Input into next CmdLet
in pipeline.
 Uses the Pipe operator |
 Output and Input are objects, not text like
traditional shells.
 Example
▪ Get-Command | Get-Member
▪ Get-Process | Out-GridView

 Case-Insensitive
 Variables: begin with $ (i.e. $a = “test”)
 Script Blocks using {}
 Array $a = 1,2,3
 $a[1]
 Hashtable
 $h = @{a=1; b=2}
 Scope – Functions and Script Blocks
 Security Context aware
 Remoting - WSMan

 If then else
 If ($a –eq “test”) { “It’s a test”} else {“Not”}
 While loop and Do While loop
 $i = 1; While ($i –lt 10) {$i++}
 $i =5; do {$i} while (--$i)
 For loop
 for ($i=0; $i –lt 10; $i++) { “5 * $i is $(5 * $i)” }
 Foreach loop
 Foreach ($i in 1..10) {“`$i is $i”}

 Foreach CmdLet
 1..10 | ForEach-Object {“begin”} {$_ * 2} {“end”}
 Where Cmdlet
 1..10 | Where-Object {$_ -gt 4 -and $_ -lt 10}

 Arithmetic Operators
 +*-/%
 Assignment Operators
 =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=

 Get-Location and SetLocation
 Copy-Item
 Remove-Item
 Move-Item
 Rename-Item
 Set-Item
 New-Item
 Get-Content

 Pretty much the same as CMD
 > replace file
 >> Append to file
 2> File is replaced with error messages
 2>> Error text is appended to file
 2>&1 Error messages are written to output pipe

 A module is a package that contains Windows
PowerShell commands, such as cmdlets,
providers, functions, variables, and aliases
 Need to create module folder
 new-item -type directory -path
$homeDocumentsWindowsPowerShell
Modules
 Copy the module to the Modules folder.
 Start using a module (import-module etc…)

 Standard Providers
 Windows PowerShell providers are Microsoft .NET Framework-based
programs that make the data in a specialized data store available in
Windows PowerShell so that you can view and manage it

 Get-PSProvider | Select -Property Name
 WSMan -
 Alias
 Environment
 FileSystem
 Function
 Registry
 Variable
 Certificate

 Get-PSDrive
 New-PSDrive
 New-PSDrive -Name Y -PSProvider
FileSystem -Root c:temp
 Remove-PSDrive
 Remove-PSDrive
 Try a non-disk PSDrive like cert: Dir Cert:

 A Script file is a text file with .ps1 extension
containing one or more PowerShell command
 A Script is a simple mechanism to re-use
functionality.
 To run a script on a remote computer, use the
Invoke-Command and provide remote computer
name as a parameter.
 Scripts can accept parameters.
 To run a script in the current session, we Dot-
Source the . .Script1.ps1
 We can Scope Local or Global.

 Single Line: #
 Multi Line:
 <#
 #>

 Comments can be used to automatically
generate help

 A function is a script block containing list of
statements
 function small_files ($size = 1kB) {
 Get-ChildItem c:Temp | where { $_.length -lt $size -and
!$_.PSIsContainer}
 }
 small_files
 To control how a function uses the pipeline, you
use Begin, Process and End.
 function pipelineFunc {
 process {"The value is: $_"}
}
1,2,3 | pipelineFunc
 Advanced functions allow you to write CmdLets
using scripts instead of compiled code.

 try
 {
 $wc = new-object System.Net.WebClient
 $wc.DownloadFile("http://www.contoso.com/MyDoc.doc","c:MyDoc.doc")
 }
 catch [System.Net.WebException],[System.IO.IOException]
 {
 "unable to download MyDoc.doc from http://www.contoso.com."
 }
 catch
 {
 "An error occurred that could not be resolved."
 }

 Sharepoint Management Shell
 Need to execute Add-SPShellAdmin in order
to acquire permissions to run PowerShell on
Sharepoint

Member of Farm
Member of Administrators
Farm component Administrators SharePoint Full Control on backup folder
group on the local computer
group
Farm Yes No Yes
Service application Yes No Yes
Content database Yes No Yes
Site collection No Yes Yes
Site, list, document library Yes No Yes

Source: MSDN

 Get-Command -Noun SP*
 (Get-Command –Name *-SP* -
CommandType cmdLet).Count

 $Host.Runspace.ThreadOptions =
"ReuseThread"

 Get-SPAssignment –Global
 $spWeb = Get-SPWeb -Identity $url
 $spWeb.TreeViewEnabled = $True
 $spWeb.Update()
 Stop-SPAssignment –Global

 Windows Powershell Blog
 http://blogs.msdn.com/b/powershell/
 Doug Finke – MVP (Also ShowUI)
 http://dougfinke.com/blog/
 PowerShell Magazine
 http://www.powershellmagazine.com/
 Jim Christopher MVP (Check out StudioShell)
 http://www.beefycode.com/
 Tome Tanasovski MVP/Author – NYC PowerShell
User Group
 http://powertoe.wordpress.com/

 Productivity
 PowerGUI
http://PowerGUI.org
 PowerTab
http://powertab.codeplex.com/
 Community Extensions
http://pscx.codeplex.com
 Quest ActiveRoles Management Shell
http://www.quest.com/powershell/activeroles-server.aspx

 UI
 ShowUI (WPF) – http://showui.codeplex.com

Tool Url
PowerGUI http://PowerGUI.org/
PowerTab http://powertab.codeplex.com/
Community Extensions http://pscx.codeplex.com/
Quest ActiveRoles http://www.quest.com/powershell/activeroles-
server.aspx/
ShowUI http://showui.codeplex.com/
Windows Automation Snaping for http://wasp.codeplex.com/
Powershell

 NuGet
 http://nuget.org/
 http://nuget.codeplex.com/

 StudioShell
 http://studioshell.codeplex.com/

 PowerShell in Action  Windows PowerShell 2.0 Bible
 Bruce Payette  By Thomas Lee, Karl Mitschke, Mark
 “The book from the authority on E. Schill, and Tome Tanasovski
PowerShell”  http://powertoe.wordpress.com/

 Automating Microsoft SharePoint  PowerShell for Microsoft Sharepoint
2010 Administration with Windows 2010 Administrators.
PowerShell 2.0
 Gary Lapointe & Shannon Bray  Niklas Goude & Mattias Karlsson
 http://blog.falchionconsulting.com/  http://www.powershell.nu/

 Next session will be about PowerShell Scripts
in the SharePoint Management Shell

 Contact:
 http://blog.boulosdib.com
 @boulosdib

Introduction to PowerShell

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