Web APIs & Apps - Mozilla

Using HTML5, CSS and
JavaScript together with a
number of APIs to build apps
and customize the UI.

https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/firefox-os-
simulator/

Web apps are apps built using standard Web technologies. They
work in any modern Web browser.

The Open Web apps project proposes some small additions to
existing sites to turn them into apps.

These apps run on desktop browsers and mobile devices.

https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Apps/
Getting_Started

Develop Web App using
1. HTML5, CSS, & Javascript

2. Create an app manifest ﬁle

3. Publish/install the app

1.
Develop Web App using
HTML5, CSS & JavaScript

Reuse any existing web site/app or develop from scratch with open
web standards.

Utilize HTML5 features such as localStorage, oﬄine manifest,
IndexedDB and access Web APIs for more options.

Responsive web design for adapting to varying resolutions and
screen orientation.

2.
Create an app manifest ﬁle

Create a ﬁle with a .webapp extension

{
"version": "1.0",
"name": "MozillaBall",
"description": "Exciting Open Web development action!",
"icons": {
"16": "/img/icon-16.png",
"48": "/img/icon-48.png",
"128": "/img/icon-128.png"
},
"developer": {
"name": "Mozilla Labs",
"url": "http://mozillalabs.com"
},
"installs_allowed_from": ["*"],
"appcache_path": "/cache.manifest",
"locales": {
"es": {
"description": "¡Acción abierta emocionante del desarrollo del Web!",
"developer": {
"url": "http://es.mozillalabs.com/"
}
},
"it": {
"description": "Azione aperta emozionante di sviluppo di
fotoricettore!",
"developer": {
"url": "http://it.mozillalabs.com/"
}
}
},
"default_locale": "en"
}

MANIFEST CHECKER
http://appmanifest.org/

Serve with Content-type/MIME type:

application/x-web-app-manifest+json

Apache - in mime.types:

application/x-web-app-manifest+json webapp

Apache - in .htaccess:

AddType application/x-web-app-manifest
+json webapp

NGinx - in mime.types:

types {
text/html html htm shtml;
text/css css;
text/xml xml;
application/x-web-app-manifest+json
webapp;
}

IIS:

In IIS Manager, right-click the local
computer, and click Properties.

Click the MIME Types button.

Click New.

In the Extension box, type the file name
extension.

In the MIME type box, type a description
that exactly matches the file type defined
on the computer.

Click OK.

curl -I http://mozillalabs.com/manifest.webapp

https://marketplace.firefox.com/

https://marketplace.firefox.com/developers/

var request = navigator.mozApps.install(
"http://mozillalabs.com/MozillaBall.webapp",
{
user_id: "some_user"
}
);

request.onsuccess = function() {
// Success! Notiﬁcation, launch page etc
}

request.onerror = function() {
// Failed. this.error.name has details
}

var request = navigator.mozApps.installPackage(
"http://mozillalabs.com/manifest.webapp"
);

// Success!
}

// Failed.
}

A packaged app is an Open Web App that has all of its resources
(HTML, CSS, JavaScript, app manifest, and so on) contained in a zip
ﬁle, instead of having its resources on a Web server.

A packaged app is simply a zip ﬁle with the app manifest in its root
directory. The manifest must be named manifest.webapp.

Can be privileged apps with more API access than hosted apps

Special protocol internal to the zip file: app://<uuid>

Manifest file must be named manifest.webapp

Resources are accessed from the zip file, which is stored on the device where the
app is installed

Installed with a different mozApps API function: installPackage()

Enforce a specific Content Security Policy for all application content

Can embed remote content in iframes, but that content will not have access to
privileged APIs nor will it have the default CSP applied to it

Have an update process for getting new versions of the app to users. Hosted
apps do not need this process.

https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Apps/
For_Web_developers

The Mozilla WebAPI team is pushing the
envelope of the web to include --- and in places
exceed --- the capabilities of competing stacks.

https://wiki.mozilla.org/WebAPI

Granted by default Granted by authorized store

Safe web APIs that don’t expose privacy Privacy and security sensitive APIs such
sensitive data. WebGL, fullscreen, as Contacts API
audio, etc.
Verified by signature
Granted by user
Highly privileged APIs such as radio
location, camera, file system access access (dialer)

Granted when installed

No quota for localStorage, IndexedDB,
offline cache

Web Content Certiﬁed Web App

Regular web content Device-critical applications

Installed Web App

A regular web app

Privileged Web App

More access, more responsibility

https://wiki.mozilla.org/
WebAPI#Planned_for_initial_release_of_B2G_.
28aka_Basecamp.29

"permissions": {
"contacts": {
"description": "Required for autocompletion in the share screen",
"access": "readcreate"
},
"alarms": {
"description": "Required to schedule notifications"
}
}

AlarmAPI FMRadio

BrowserAPI geolocation

Contacts systemXHR

device-storage:music/device-storage:videos/ TCP Socket API
device-storage:pictures/device-
storage:sdcard: wake-lock-screen

Add, read, or modify ﬁles stored at a
central location on the device. access
property required: one of readonly,
readwrite, readcreate, or createonly.

NEED PERMISSION

Vibration API (W3C) Web Activities
Screen Orientation Push Notiﬁcations API
Geolocation API WebFM API
Mouse Lock API (W3C) WebPayment
Open WebApps IndexedDB (W3C)
Network Information API (W3C) Ambient light sensor
Battery Status API (W3C) Proximity sensor
Alarm API Notiﬁcation

REGULAR APIS

var battery = navigator.battery;
if (battery) {
var batteryLevel = Math.round(battery.level * 100) + "%",
charging = (battery.charging)? "" : "not ",
chargingTime = parseInt(battery.chargingTime / 60, 10,
dischargingTime = parseInt(battery.dischargingTime / 60, 10);

// Set events
battery.addEventListener("levelchange", setStatus, false);
battery.addEventListener("chargingchange", setStatus, false);
battery.addEventListener("chargingtimechange", setStatus, false);
battery.addEventListener("dischargingtimechange", setStatus, false);
}

var notification = navigator.mozNotification;
notification.createNotification(
"See this",
"This is a notification",
iconURL
);

// Portrait mode:
screen.mozLockOrientation("portrait");

/*
Possible values:
"landscape"
"portrait"
"landscape-primary"
"landscape-secondary"
"portrait-primary"
"portrait-secondary"
*/

{
"activities": {
"share": {
"filters": {
type: ["image/png", "image/gif"],
}
"href": "sharing.html",
"disposition": "window"
}
}
}

var register = navigator.mozRegisterActivityHandler({
name: "view",
disposition: "inline",
filters: {
type: "image/png"
}
});

register.onerror = function () {
console.log("Failed to register activity");
}

navigator.mozSetMessageHandler("activity", function (a) {
var img = getImageObject();
img.src = a.source.url;
// Call a.postResult() or a.postError() if
// the activity should return a value
});

// Vibrate for one second
navigator.vibrate(1000);

// Vibration pattern [vibrationTime, pause,…]
navigator.vibrate([200, 100, 200, 100]);

// Vibrate for 5 seconds

// Turn off vibration

var pay = navigator.mozPay(paymentToken);
pay.onsuccess = function (event) {
// Weee! Money!
};

var connection = window.navigator.mozConnection,
online = connection.bandwidth > 0,
metered = connection.metered;

var alarmId1,
request = navigator.mozAlarms.add(
new Date("May 15, 2012 16:20:00"),
"honorTimezone",
{
mydata: "my event"
}
);

request.onsuccess = function (event) {
alarmId1 = event.target.result;
};

request.onerror = function (event) {
console.log(event.target.error.name);
};

var request = navigator.mozAlarms.getAll();

request.onsuccess = function (event) {
console.log(JSON.stringify(event.target.result));
};

request.onerror = function (event) {
console.log(event.target.error.name);
};

navigator.mozAlarms.remove(alarmId1);

navigator.mozSetMessageHandler(
"alarm",
function (message) {
// Note: message has to be set in the manifest file
console.log("Alarm fired: " + JSON.stringify(message));
}
);

window.addEventListener("deviceproximity", function (event) {
// Current device proximity, in centimeters
console.log(event.value);

// The maximum sensing distance the sensor is
// able to report, in centimeters
console.log(event.max);

// The minimum sensing distance the sensor is
// able to report, in centimeters
console.log(event.min);
});

window.addEventListener("devicelight", function (event) {
// The level of the ambient light in lux
});

window.addEventListener("lightlevel", function (event) {
// Possible values: "normal", "bright", "dim"
});

window.addEventListener("devicelight", function (event) {
// The lux values for "dim" typically begin below 50,
// and the values for "bright" begin above 10000
});

Device Storage API
Browser API
TCP Socket API
Contacts API
systemXHR

PRIVILEGED APIS

var deviceStorage = navigator.getDeviceStorage("videos");

// "external", "shared", or "default".
deviceStorage.type;

// Add a file - returns DOMRequest with file name
deviceStorage.add(blob);

// Same as .add, with provided name
deviceStorage.addNamed(blob, name);

// Returns DOMRequest/non-editable File object
deviceStorage.get(name);

// Returns editable FileHandle object
deviceStorage.getEditable(name);

// Returns DOMRequest with success or failure
deviceStorage.delete(name);

// Enumerates files
deviceStorage.enumerate([directory]);

// Enumerates files as FileHandles
deviceStorage.enumerateEditable([directory]);

var contact = new mozContact();
contact.init({name: "Tom"});

var request = navigator.mozContacts.save(contact);
console.log("Success");
};

console.log("Error")
};

WebTelephony WebBluetooth
WebSMS Permissions API
Idle API Network Stats API
Settings API Camera API
Power Management API Time/Clock API
Mobile Connection API Attention screen
WiFi Information API Voicemail

CERTIFIED APIS

// Telephony object
var tel = navigator.mozTelephony;

// Check if the phone is muted (read/write property)
console.log(tel.muted);

// Check if the speaker is enabled (read/write property)
console.log(tel.speakerEnabled);

// Place a call
var cal = tel.dial(“123456789”);

// Events for that call
call.onstatechange = function (event) {
/*
Possible values for state:
"dialing", "ringing", "busy", "connecting", "connected",
"disconnecting", "disconnected", "incoming"
*/
console.log(event.state);
};

// Above options as direct events
call.onconnected = function () {
// Call was connected
};

call.ondisconnected = function () {
// Call was disconnected
};

// Receiving a call
tel.onincoming = function (event) {
var incomingCall = event.call;

// Get the number of the incoming call
console.log(incomingCall.number);

// Answer the call
incomingCall.answer();
};

// Disconnect a call
call.hangUp();

// Iterating over calls, and taking action depending on their
changed status
tel.oncallschanged = function (event) {
tel.calls.forEach(function (call) {
// Log the state of each call
console.log(call.state);
});
};

// SMS object
var sms = navigator.mozSMS;

// Send a message
sms.send("123456789", "Hello world!");

// Recieve a message
sms.onreceived = function (event) {
// Read message
console.log(event.message);
};

var settings = navigator.mozSettings;
settings.getLock().set({"background": "pretty.png"});

Resource lock API Spellcheck API
UDP Datagram Socket API LogAPI
Peer to Peer API Keyboard/IME API
WebNFC WebRTC
WebUSB FileHandle API
HTTP-cache API Sync API
Calendar API

Dialer Alarm Clock

Contacts Camera

Settings Notes

SMS First Run Experience

Web browser Notiﬁcations

Gallery Home Screen

Video Player Mozilla Marketplace

Music Player System Updater

E-mail (POP, IMAP) Localization Support

Calendar

irc://irc.mozilla.org/
#openwebapps

https://lists.mozilla.org/listinfo/dev-webapps

Robert Nyman
robertnyman.com
robert@mozilla.com
Mozilla

@robertnyman

Web APIs & Apps - Mozilla

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