This document provides documentation on the Ring programming language, including examples of configuration files for Ring extensions, instructions for modifying configuration files and generating code, and an example of creating a simple Ring extension called RingBeep. It also contains frequently asked questions about Ring, answering questions about why Ring was created, why it is weakly typed, its advantages over other languages, its focus on UI creation, and differences from languages like Python, PHP, C++ and others.
This document provides an introduction to the Ada programming language for experienced programmers. It discusses Ada's goals of reliability, maintainability, and reuse. The document summarizes Ada's key syntax elements such as identifiers, statements, and scope. It notes Ada's emphasis on safety and error detection compared to other languages like C. Examples of Ada code are provided and explained throughout.
The document discusses whether clean code principles can be applied to PL/SQL. It defines clean code as code that is written by someone who cares and for people first rather than computers. While clean code principles primarily target modern object-oriented languages, the document argues that many of the principles directly apply to PL/SQL as well, since it is compiled, imperative/procedural, and structured similarly to Java. Specific clean code topics like meaningful naming, formatting, comments, functions, and unit testing are examined in the context of PL/SQL. The conclusion is that clean code principles apply to PL/SQL to a certain extent and the document encourages readers to consider applying them.
This document summarizes Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto's keynote speech on why Ruby is a good programming language. Matz discusses how Moore's Law has increased computing power and decreased costs, requiring more and better software. He argues that programming languages can influence human thought as much as natural languages. Ruby aims to be a productive, efficient language that is easy to learn and memorable. Its concise and consistent syntax helps reduce errors. Overall, Ruby is designed to be a fun and inspiring language for programmers.
INTERPRETER AND APPLIED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FOR LEARNING CONCEPTS OF OBJE...
This document presents a tool called BOOP (Basic Object Oriented Programming) that was created to help learn concepts of object-oriented programming. The tool includes a domain-specific programming language in Spanish, an interpreter for the language, and an integrated development environment (IDE). The IDE provides buttons and dialog boxes to guide users in writing code without needing deep knowledge of syntax. It also includes an assistant that explains OOP concepts to complement the learning process. The goal of the tool is to help users understand OOP concepts before learning to develop complex applications in other languages.
What is the best programming language for your web product?
This document discusses considerations for choosing the best programming language for a web product based on different use cases and business needs. It outlines several common cases such as classic CRUD web portals, real-time applications, machine learning, and blockchain and recommends languages like PHP, Ruby, Node.js, Python, Go, and Elixir based on the technical requirements. The key takeaway is that there is no single best language and business goals should dictate the tools based on factors like human resources, ecosystem, and scalability.
C++ and C# differ significantly in their underlying translation models, language features, and approaches to problem solving. When migrating from C++ to C#, programmers must understand these fundamental differences to develop effective, robust C# code. Key areas of difference include memory management, type systems, declarations versus definitions, and how primitive problems like stack implementation may be solved in object-oriented C# versus templates in C++.
Python was created in 1990 by Guido van Rossum as a hobby project. It is a highly portable, interpreted programming language that is designed to be easy to learn and read. Python code tends to be shorter and more readable than comparable code in other languages like C or Java due to its clear syntax and use of whitespace.
Worst practices for domain-specific modellingMikhail Barash
Course "Domain-specific programming languages" (http://dsl-course.org). Developed by Mikhail Barash.
These slides are based on S. Kelly, R. Pohjonen, "Worst practices for domain-specific modelling", IEEE Software 26:4 (2009)
Are you responsible for developing satellite on-board software? Are you the Dutch government and you have to efficiently implement the public benefits law? Are you a healthcare startup, developing companion apps that help patients through a treatment? Are you an insurance company struggling to create new, and evolve existing products quickly to keep up with the market? These are all examples of organisations who have built their own domain-specific programming language to streamline the development of applications that have a non-trivial algorithmic core. All have built their languages with Jetbrains MPS, an open source language development tool optimized for ecosystems of collaborating languages with mixed graphical, textual, tabular and mathematical notations. This talk has four parts. I start by motivating the need for DSLs based on real-world examples, including the ones above. I will then present a few high-level design practices that guide our language development work. Third, I will develop a simple language extension to give you a feel for how MPS works. And finally, I will point you to things you can read to get you started with your own language development practice.
This document provides an introduction to the Ada programming language for experienced programmers. It discusses Ada's goals of reliability, maintainability, and reuse. The document summarizes Ada's key syntax elements such as identifiers, statements, and scope. It notes Ada's emphasis on safety and error detection compared to other languages like C. Examples of Ada code are provided and explained throughout.
The document discusses whether clean code principles can be applied to PL/SQL. It defines clean code as code that is written by someone who cares and for people first rather than computers. While clean code principles primarily target modern object-oriented languages, the document argues that many of the principles directly apply to PL/SQL as well, since it is compiled, imperative/procedural, and structured similarly to Java. Specific clean code topics like meaningful naming, formatting, comments, functions, and unit testing are examined in the context of PL/SQL. The conclusion is that clean code principles apply to PL/SQL to a certain extent and the document encourages readers to consider applying them.
This document summarizes Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto's keynote speech on why Ruby is a good programming language. Matz discusses how Moore's Law has increased computing power and decreased costs, requiring more and better software. He argues that programming languages can influence human thought as much as natural languages. Ruby aims to be a productive, efficient language that is easy to learn and memorable. Its concise and consistent syntax helps reduce errors. Overall, Ruby is designed to be a fun and inspiring language for programmers.
INTERPRETER AND APPLIED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT FOR LEARNING CONCEPTS OF OBJE...ijpla
This document presents a tool called BOOP (Basic Object Oriented Programming) that was created to help learn concepts of object-oriented programming. The tool includes a domain-specific programming language in Spanish, an interpreter for the language, and an integrated development environment (IDE). The IDE provides buttons and dialog boxes to guide users in writing code without needing deep knowledge of syntax. It also includes an assistant that explains OOP concepts to complement the learning process. The goal of the tool is to help users understand OOP concepts before learning to develop complex applications in other languages.
What is the best programming language for your web product?MobiDev
This document discusses considerations for choosing the best programming language for a web product based on different use cases and business needs. It outlines several common cases such as classic CRUD web portals, real-time applications, machine learning, and blockchain and recommends languages like PHP, Ruby, Node.js, Python, Go, and Elixir based on the technical requirements. The key takeaway is that there is no single best language and business goals should dictate the tools based on factors like human resources, ecosystem, and scalability.
C++ and C# differ significantly in their underlying translation models, language features, and approaches to problem solving. When migrating from C++ to C#, programmers must understand these fundamental differences to develop effective, robust C# code. Key areas of difference include memory management, type systems, declarations versus definitions, and how primitive problems like stack implementation may be solved in object-oriented C# versus templates in C++.
How to deliver the right software (Specification by example)Asier Barrenetxea
Talk about Specification by Example. What's the problems it tries to tackle and how to solve them.
I gave this talk at Thoughtworks on a "lunch and learn" meeting for the company.
This is a new version of my previous presentation about "Specification by example"
https://www.slideshare.net/AsierBarrenetxea1/spec-byexample-v2
This document discusses Python debuggers and how they can be used to step through code, inspect values, and help debug programs. It notes print statements are not sufficient for debugging and debuggers allow pausing execution and stepping line by line. Common debugger commands are described, and it recommends upgrading to ipdb or wdb which have additional features like colors and better interfaces. The document also mentions how to create a custom debugger by extending the bdb module in Python.
Java-centered Translator-based Multi-paradigm Software Development EnvironmentWaqas Tariq
This research explores the use of a translator-based multi-paradigm programming method to develop high quality software. With Java as the target language, an integrated software development environment is built to allow different parts of software implemented in Lisp, Prolog, and Java respectively. Two open source translators named PrologCafe and Linj are used to translate Prolog and Lisp program into Java classes. In the end, the generated Java classes are compiled and linked into one executable program. To demonstrate the functionalities of this integrated multi-paradigm environment, a calculator application is developed. Our study has demonstrated that a centralized translator-based multi-paradigm software development environment has great potential for improving software quality and the productivity of software developers. The key to the successful adoption of this approach in large software development depends on the compatibility among the translators and seamless integration of generated codes.
Do you wish to gain thorough knowledge on the topic of computer coding and its numerous benefits? Continue to our blog for a quick lesson on what is coding. (Source URL: https://www.goodcore.co.uk/blog/what-is-coding/)
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Boost Your Base Bootcamp - [Online & Offline] In BanglaStack Learner
Boost Your Base Bootcamp
Stack School:
https://courses.stackschool.co/courses/boost-your-base-bootcamp
"Boost Your Base Bootcamp[ Online + Offline ]", In this long course we will introduce you to C Programming Language, Java, Data Structures and Algorithms, Design Patterns and Problem Solving. At the end of the Bootcamp, you will find yourself in a place where you can engage yourself in any field of the IT world.
50+ Weeks, 100+ Classes - A Long Journey to Become A Programmer
অবজেক্ট অরিয়েন্টেড প্রোগ্রামিং, ডাটা স্ট্রাকচারস এবং অ্যালগোরিদম
আইটি জগতে নিজেকে যোগ্য করে গড়ে তোলার জন্য আপনার দরকার প্রোগ্রামিং এবং কম্পিউটার সাইন্সের দক্ষতা। এই দীর্ঘ কোর্সে আমরা আপনাকে সি প্রোগ্রামিং ল্যাংগুয়েজ, জাভা, ডাটা স্ট্রাকচার এবং অ্যালগোরিদম, ডিজাইন প্যাটার্ন এবং প্রব্লেম সল্ভিং এর সাথে পরিচয় করাবো। হাতে কলমে শেখানোর সাথে সাথে ইন্ডিভিজুয়াল এবং গ্রুপ প্রোজেক্টের মাধ্যমে আপনাকে দক্ষ করে গোড়ে তোলার চেষ্টা করা হবে এই সুবিশাল কোর্সে। এই কোর্স শেষে আপনি নিজেকে এমন একটি জায়গায় আবিষ্কার করবেন যেখান থেকে আপনি আইটি জগতের যেকোনো ফিল্ডে নিজেকে জড়িত করতে পারবেন। আপনার প্রোগ্রামিং এর ভিত্তি তৈরির কাজ করবে এই বুটক্যাম্পটি।
Fine tune and deploy Hugging Face NLP modelsOVHcloud
This webinar discusses fine-tuning and deploying Hugging Face NLP models. The agenda includes an overview of Hugging Face and NLP, a demonstration of fine-tuning a model, a demonstration of deploying a model in production, and a summary. Hugging Face is presented as the most popular open source NLP library with over 4,000 models. Fine-tuning models allows them to be adapted for specific tasks and domains and is more data efficient than training from scratch. OVHcloud is highlighted as providing tools for full AI workflows from storage and processing to training and deployment.
The Ring programming language version 1.7 book - Part 89 of 196Mahmoud Samir Fayed
Here are some key advantages of Ring over other languages:
- Natural syntax that is designed to be easy for humans to read and write. This can improve productivity.
- Multi-paradigm - supports object oriented, functional, declarative and natural programming styles. This allows choosing the best paradigm for each problem.
- Small and lightweight - the compiler and VM have a small footprint which makes embedding and extending Ring easier.
- Dynamically typed for flexibility. Types are automatically inferred rather than explicitly defined.
- Built-in support for creating user interfaces and visual programming tools via declarative and natural syntax.
- Fast development cycles without a lot of boilerplate code compared to languages like C++ and Java.
The Ring programming language version 1.5.3 book - Part 186 of 194Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides documentation on various classes and functions in the Ring programming language. It includes documentation on classes like QBluetoothAddress, QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent, QBluetoothDeviceInfo, QBluetoothHostInfo, QBluetoothLocalDevice, and QDateTime. For each class, it lists related functions and their parameters. It also provides links to external C++ references for each class.
The Ring programming language version 1.9 book - Part 6 of 210Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides an overview and history of the Ring programming language. It discusses Ring's motivation as aiming to be an innovative, practical language for building development environments and applications. Key features include support for natural language programming, declarative programming, object-oriented programming, and being small, portable, and dynamically typed. The document outlines Ring's influences from other languages and thanks to its creator.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 6 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides an overview and history of the Ring programming language. It discusses the motivations for creating Ring, which was to have a dynamic, small, and productive language for building applications and development environments. Ring draws influence from languages like Lua, Python, Ruby, C, C#, and BASIC. The document outlines the language's features, which include support for declarative and natural language programming, flexibility in syntax, portability across platforms, and automatic memory management.
The Ring programming language version 1.5.1 book - Part 4 of 180Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document summarizes Ring, an innovative programming language designed to be simple, small, flexible and fast. Key features include a hybrid compiler and virtual machine, declarative and natural language programming, compact syntax without semicolons, first class variables, lists, objects and functions, automatic memory management, and cross-platform support. The language aims to provide high productivity for tasks like rapid application development, scripting, and building visual programming tools.
The Ring programming language version 1.5.4 book - Part 5 of 185Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides an overview and history of the Ring programming language. It discusses the motivations for creating Ring as a dynamic, multi-paradigm language that is simple, small, flexible and fast. Key features highlighted include support for declarative, object-oriented, and natural language programming. Ring aims to increase developer productivity and performance while being portable across different platforms.
The Ring programming language version 1.4 book - Part 2 of 30Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides an overview of the Ring programming language, including its history, goals, features and license. The Ring language was created in 2013 as a general purpose language that is simple, small, flexible and fast. It supports multiple paradigms like object-oriented, functional and declarative programming. Notable features include a compact syntax, dynamic typing, first-class functions/objects, exception handling, libraries for games, GUI and more. The language is open source under the MIT license.
The Ring programming language version 1.8 book - Part 6 of 202Mahmoud Samir Fayed
Ring is a multi-paradigm programming language designed for productivity, flexibility, and performance. It supports imperative, object-oriented, functional, and declarative programming and can be used to create applications for desktop, web, games, and mobile. Ring compiles to bytecode and includes a virtual machine, libraries, IDE tools, and can be embedded in C/C++ projects. It aims to be a simple yet powerful language that improves developer productivity.
The Ring programming language version 1.4.1 book - Part 2 of 31Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides an overview of the Ring programming language, including its history, design goals, features and syntax. Some key points:
- Ring is a general purpose language designed for productivity and developing scalable applications. It has a simple, natural syntax and encourages organization.
- The language has been under development since 2013 and reached version 1.4.1 in 2017. It supports multiple paradigms like object-oriented, functional and declarative programming.
- Ring is small and fast, portable, has automatic memory management and a flexible syntax. It allows developing desktop, web and mobile applications as well as games.
The Ring programming language version 1.8 book - Part 93 of 202Mahmoud Samir Fayed
Ring is designed to be a simple yet powerful programming language. It uses lists, strings, numbers, and objects as its core data types. Lists can represent arrays, dictionaries, and trees. Numbers can represent integers, floats, and Booleans. Strings can represent various data types. The goals of Ring's design are to keep the core concepts small and flexible while also being extensible through object-oriented programming. Some key features of Ring discussed in the document include its support for functional programming without closures, defining custom domain-specific languages, breaking multiple loops, and using natural language-inspired keywords.
The Ring programming language version 1.5.2 book - Part 5 of 181Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides an overview of the Ring programming language. It discusses the motivation for creating Ring, which was to build a new version of Programming Without Coding Technology software from scratch using a single language. Ring aims to be innovative, practical, simple, small, flexible and fast. It supports multiple programming paradigms and can be used to create various application types. The document outlines Ring's features, which include its hybrid compiler/virtual machine implementation, declarative programming support, natural language programming, portability and more. It is open source under the MIT license.
Let's Go: Introduction to Google's Go Programming LanguageGanesh Samarthyam
This document introduces the Go programming language, which was announced by Google in 2009. It summarizes Go's key features, including being a concurrent, garbage-collected systems programming language. It also provides instructions on installing Go and a simple "Hello World" program example. The document highlights some of Go's novel features like interfaces and goroutines and concludes that Go shows promise as a useful systems language.
Lets Go - An introduction to Google's Go Programming Language Ganesh Samarthyam
This document introduces the Go programming language, which was announced by Google in 2009. It summarizes Go's key features, including being a concurrent, garbage-collected systems programming language. It also provides instructions on installing Go and a simple "Hello World" program example. The document argues that Go has substantial features for systems programming in today's networked, multi-core world.
The Ring programming language version 1.2 book - Part 4 of 84Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document provides an overview and documentation of the Ring programming language. It discusses the history and development of Ring, beginning in 2013. Key features of Ring include being small and fast, with a compact syntax, dynamic typing, garbage collection, object-oriented support, and the ability to embed Ring code in C/C++ programs. The documentation also covers Ring's license, language design principles such as simplicity and organization, and its visual implementation process.
Computer Science Is The Study Of Principals And How The...Laura Martin
Computer science is the study of principles of how computers work, which leads to computer programming. Computer programming is the process of formulating a computing problem and developing executable programs to solve it. It is important because many everyday devices like Microsoft Word had to be programmed to function. Common programming languages include Java, Python, C, C++, Ruby, and JavaScript. As a computer programmer, there are always new languages to learn and existing ones to refresh skills in due to constantly evolving technologies.
Specification Of The Programming Language Of JavaKim Moore
- First generation languages are machine languages that use binary code directly, requiring programmers to manipulate toggle switches to program computers in the 1940s-1950s. This allowed for very efficient execution but made programs difficult to write and fix errors in.
- Programming languages have evolved through 5 generations, with each generation bringing programming to a higher level of abstraction and easier use for humans. Early generations used machine language directly while later ones introduced assembly languages, high-level languages, and object-oriented languages.
- The passage discusses first generation machine languages as the lowest level, directly using binary for computation on early computers without compilers or assemblers yet. This allowed for
Creating a compiler for your own languageAndrea Tino
A guide through Computational Linguistics for developing Compilers and Interpreters.
The document is not in a definitive state and some parts might be incomplete or still at draft level. Definitive version will be uploaded soon by updating this document.
What is the best programming language for beginner?Designveloper
It seems that technology rules the world these days. Then, the scene of being able to make the computer or mobile device dance to your tune seems to be very attractive. Writing computer code becomes “a super hot pot” that everyone try their best to join. However, the question is how does a person take a first step to gain this “power”? Choosing a suitable programming language might give you a hand.
Programming languages helped us reach the moon and helped us invent new things in computer science, making our lives easier. Over the years, programming languages evolved with the help of open-source projects, companies, and the contributions of developers. Today there are plenty of programming languages for web apps development and ecommerce apps development.
Similar to The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 99 of 212 (20)
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 212 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document summarizes new features and changes in different versions of the Ring programming language and library. It discusses various topics including using different syntax styles and code editors, developing graphical desktop and mobile applications using RingQt, and using Ring for 3D graphics and games development. The document also provides overviews of the core Ring libraries and language features.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 211 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides documentation for the Ring programming language and various Ring extensions and libraries. It includes sections on Ring mode for Emacs editor, the Ring Notepad IDE, the Ring Package Manager (RingPM), embedding Ring code in C/C++ programs, and references for the functions and classes of various Ring extensions for areas like 2D/3D graphics, networking, multimedia and more.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 210 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document contains summaries of various Ring classes, functions and concepts:
- It describes Ring classes like the Map, Math, MySQL, and PostgreSQL classes.
- It lists and briefly explains Ring standard library functions such as map(), random(), newlist(), and print().
- It covers Ring concepts and features like object oriented programming, operators, files and I/O, GUI programming, and web development.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 208 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document provides a summary of functions in the Ring documentation for Release 1.10. It lists functions for drawing quadrics, normals, orientation, and textures. It also lists functions for scaling images, drawing spheres, starting and ending contours and polygons for tessellation, setting tessellation normals and properties, adding tessellation vertices, and unprojecting coordinates. The document also provides resources for the Ring language like the website, source code repository, contact information, and lists Arabic language resources.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 207 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document contains listings of over 100 OpenGL functions related to lighting, materials, textures, and rendering. The functions listed specify parameters for lights, materials, texture coordinates, and rendering operations like clearing buffers and drawing primitives.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 205 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document lists numerous OpenGL constants and enumerations related to textures, blending, shaders, buffers, and other graphics features. It includes constants for texture types and formats, shader variable types, buffer bindings and usages, and more. The listing contains over 200 individual constants and enumerations without descriptions.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 206 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document lists OpenGL functions and constants added in version 1.10 of the OpenGL specification. It includes over 100 functions and constants for features such as unsigned integer textures, texture buffers, geometry shaders, transform feedback, and more robust context handling.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 203 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document contains a list of functions and constants related to OpenGL graphics functionality. It includes functions for vertex specification, texture mapping, tessellation, nurbs modeling, quadric surfaces, and more. It also includes constants for OpenGL states, modes, and error codes.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 202 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document lists over 100 OpenGL functions for querying and retrieving information about OpenGL objects, state, and errors. Some of the functions listed include glGetError() to retrieve OpenGL error codes, glGetUniformLocation() to retrieve the location of a uniform variable in a program, and glGetString() to retrieve version and extension information.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 201 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document lists various OpenGL constants and functions related to OpenGL graphics functionality. It includes constants for texture and color formats, clipping planes, buffer objects, shader operations, and more. It also lists over 100 OpenGL function declarations for operations like drawing, clearing, texture handling, blending, and shader manipulation.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 200 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document lists numerous OpenGL constants related to graphics hardware capabilities, state variables, and functions. It includes constants for vertex arrays, texture mapping, blending, multisampling, shader types, and more. The constants are used to query and set the state and capabilities of the OpenGL graphics processing context.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 199 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document lists over 200 OpenGL constants related to graphics rendering features such as fog, depth testing, blending, textures, and more. It provides the names of constants for configuring various graphics pipeline states and settings in OpenGL.
The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 198 of 212Mahmoud Samir Fayed
The document contains listings of over 100 OpenGL and GLU function declarations related to texture coordinates, uniforms, vertex specification, and tessellation. It provides the function name, return type if any, and parameters for each function for specifying texture coordinates, uniforms, vertices and performing tessellation in OpenGL and GLU.
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The document contains documentation for over 100 OpenGL functions related to rendering, textures, shaders, and more. It lists each function name and its parameters. The functions allow specifying colors, textures, shader programs, and various rendering states and operations in OpenGL.
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This document lists OpenGL constants and functions related to graphics rendering. It includes constants for buffer types, shader data types, texture types, and more. It also lists function prototypes for common OpenGL operations like drawing, clearing, binding textures and buffers, and setting shader uniforms.
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The document lists over 200 OpenGL constants related to textures, vertex arrays, blending, and buffer objects. It provides reference documentation for OpenGL version 1.10 including constants for texture formats and parameters, vertex attribute types, blending functions, and buffer usage flags.
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The document lists various constants used in OpenGL such as GL_FOG_BIT, GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT, GL_ACCUM, and others related to OpenGL rendering, blending, textures, lighting, and more. It provides definitions for OpenGL enums and related values.
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This document lists over 100 OpenGL functions for specifying textures, lighting, shaders, and other graphics operations. The functions include glMultiTexCoord2iv() for specifying texture coordinates, glNormal3f() for specifying normals, and glUniform1f() for specifying shader uniforms.
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This document lists OpenGL functions and constants that were added or changed in OpenGL version 1.10. It includes over 150 new OpenGL constants for features such as geometry shaders, transform feedback, cube map arrays, and more. It also lists over 80 OpenGL functions, providing their parameters and types.
Break data silos with real-time connectivity using Confluent Cloud Connectorsconfluent
Connectors integrate Apache Kafka® with external data systems, enabling you to move away from a brittle spaghetti architecture to one that is more streamlined, secure, and future-proof. However, if your team still spends multiple dev cycles building and managing connectors using just open source Kafka Connect, it’s time to consider a faster and cost-effective alternative.
introduction of Ansys software and basic and advance knowledge of modelling s...sachin chaurasia
Ansys Mechanical enables you to solve complex structural engineering problems and make better, faster design decisions. With the finite element analysis (FEA) solvers available in the suite, you can customize and automate solutions for your structural mechanics problems and parameterize them to analyze multiple design scenarios. Ansys Mechanical is a dynamic tool that has a complete range of analysis tools.
Lots of bloggers are using Google AdSense now. It’s getting really popular. With AdSense, bloggers can make money by showing ads on their websites. Read this important article written by the experienced designers of the best website designing company in Delhi –
Efficient hot work permit software for safe, streamlined work permit management and compliance. Enhance safety today. Contact us on +353 214536034.
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Attendance Tracking From Paper To DigitalTask Tracker
If you are having trouble deciding which time tracker tool is best for you, try "Task Tracker" app. It has numerous features, including the ability to check daily attendance sheet, and other that make team management easier.
NBFC Software: Optimize Your Non-Banking Financial CompanyNBFC Softwares
NBFC Software: Optimize Your Non-Banking Financial Company
Enhance Your Financial Services with Comprehensive NBFC Software
NBFC software provides a complete solution for non-banking financial companies, streamlining banking and accounting functions to reduce operational costs. Our software is designed to meet the diverse needs of NBFCs, including investment banks, insurance companies, and hedge funds.
Key Features of NBFC Software:
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User-Friendly Interface: Designed to be intuitive and easy to use, reducing the learning curve for employees.
Cost-Effective: Reduces the need for additional manpower by automating tasks, making it a budget-friendly solution. Benefits of NBFC Software:
Go Paperless: Transition to a fully digital operation, eliminating offline work.
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The Ring programming language version 1.10 book - Part 99 of 212
1. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
<class>
name: QFont
para: QString, int, int, bool
managed
</class>
84.23 Configuration Files Examples
You can learn from the next examples
• RingAllegro : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringallegro/allegro.cf
• RingQt : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringqt/classes/qt.cf
• RingLibSDL : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringsdl/libsdl.cf
After modifing the configuration file, You will need to generate the code, You can learn from the next examples
• RingAllegro : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringallegro/gencode.bat
• RingQt : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringqt/gencode.bat
• RingLibSDL : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringsdl/gencode.bat
After generating the code, You will need to build the library, You can learn from the next examples
• RingAllegro : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringallegro/buildvc.bat
• RingQt : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringqt/buildmingw32.bat
• RingLibSDL : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/blob/master/extensions/ringsdl/buildvc.bat
84.23. Configuration Files Examples 948
2. CHAPTER
EIGHTYFIVE
CREATE YOUR FIRST EXTENSION
In this chapter we will create RingBeep
RingBeep is a simple extension for the beep() function in Windows API
Just a simple example about creating extensions
85.1 Location
You will find this extension in the ring/extensions/ringbeep folder
85.2 Steps to create the extension
At first we write the configuration file in : ringbeep.cf
notepad ringbeep.cf
The file ringbeep.cf contains
<code>
#include "windows.h"
</code>
int Beep(int dwFreq,int dwDuration)
Then we run : gencode.bat to generate ringbeep.c
gencode.bat
The gencode.bat contains the next command to call Ring Extensions Generator
ring ..codegenparsec.ring ringbeep.cf ringbeep.c
Then we build the extension using :
buildvc.bat
The file buildvc.bat contains the next commands to build the extension using Visual C/C++
cls
call ../../src/locatevc.bat
cl /c /DEBUG ringbeep.c -I"....include"
link /DEBUG ringbeep.obj ....libring.lib kernel32.lib /DLL /OUT:ringbeep.dll ^
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3. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
/SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE,"5.01"
del ringbeep.obj
85.3 Testing the extension
Then we test the function using
ring test.ring
The file test.ring contains
loadlib("ringbeep.dll")
for f = 750 to 1000 step 50
beep(f,300)
next
85.3. Testing the extension 950
4. CHAPTER
EIGHTYSIX
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ)
86.1 Why do we need Yet Another Programming Language (YAPL)?
The language comes with better support for natural language programming and declarative programming. The inno-
vation comes in supporting these paradigms with new practical techniques on the top of object-oriented programming
and functional programming. Ring provides the programmers with the tools required to build a natural language like
Supernova or a declarative language like REBOL and QML without the need to know anything about (compilers and
parsing). You get the language constructs ready for use to create domain-specific languages in a fraction of time.
Take a look at the Supernova programming language, in this language you can type: (I want window and the window
title is hello world.) and it will create a GUI window with “Hello, World!” as the window title. When I created
Supernova language in 2010, i discovered that using the natural code can be (similar to English and without limits and
we can use the power of human language in programming) but to implement that you need a new language that has:
1. General Purpose
2. Practical
3. Can create natural languages very quickly.
So we can get a system that can increase ease of use and productivity to the maximum level.
So I created Ring because it was the best way to achieve this goal.
Supernova was just a test of the idea, it helped getting a better view of the advantages and the disadvantages of the idea.
And After testing the new ideas you are provided with something practical. So now we have Ring after Supernova.
A story that is maybe similar to having Python after ABC.Where Python avoids the problems of ABC, but keeps the
advantages of ABC. Also, Ring learns from Ruby and ROR’s story. The language power could appear in frameworks
better than the direct usage as a general purpose language. Also Ring comes with a clear goal/motivation; (Creating a
new version of the PWCT Software) something that was learned from the design the C language in a certain way to
create the Unix Operating System. In other words, you have a goal that directs you in each design decision.
You will understand the value of our decisions once you start trying to solve the problem that we will use Ring to solve.
The questions is: could you enable any one in the world without knowledge about computer programming concepts
to create very powerful software? Scientifically the answer is (visual Programming) and (natural Programming). In
practice we are still away from switching to these paradigms without introducing other problems. Ring is designed
to solve this problem. It is designed to provide natural programming in a practical way. And to create a powerful
visual programming tool. Ring is designed to be a new world of programming after 10 years of research in visual
programming and natural languages.
The Ring Programming Language (Compiler+VM) is developed 100% using visual programming without writing a
single line of code. I used my tool (Programming Without Coding Technology) to design everything and get the C
code generated for me.
Advantages ?
1. Faster
951
5. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
2. No Syntax Errors
3. Easy to understand and manage the code because the abstraction level is higher
4. No critical disadvantages because you can control everything as writing your code.
Using my experience in using visual programming for 10 years and natural programming for 5 years, I designed Ring
to move the knowledge to mainstream programmers by providing a practical language that supports these ideas.
I agree that each programmer/developer has the freedom to form his opinions about any software including program-
ming languages. Ring is not an exception but you may miss the idea behind the language. It is innovative and may
help you to think differently about how to solve your problems. Maybe this is not clear to many programmers because
It is a practical language and includes many features known to programmers and when a programmer looks at the
language they maight think that nothing new because it’s familiar. I created Ring to solve problems in a different way.
Where I will start programming just by describing the software using new natural interfaces that I will implement later
when I move from the design stage to the implementation stage. (I don’t determine the time to switch between stages,
You are free to use Agile methods). Since Ring is a new language you have 3 options:
1. To not care at all for now.
2. Think of the future of the language and help us if you understand the idea and want to contribute.
3. Wait and come back again in the future to use it.
Summary:
• Ring is designed based on a need to develop a new version of the PWCT software.
Once we finish PWCT 2.0 we will have good and large software developed using Ring.
• We will push declarative and natural paradigms many steps forward. Also in next versions
we have a plan to present a new paradigm for network programming and concurrency. We tested this new paradigm
through simple prototypes during the last years and we will integrate it with Ring in future releases.
86.2 Why is Ring weakly typed?
Because it’s faster and more natural, and this is important for the language’s goals. One of the rules is: the data type
at the beginning affects the final result. For example, when you type “Print : ” + 5 , The String comes first, so 5 will
be converted to a String. While when you type 5 + “10” The number comes first so “10” will be converted to 10. This
helps a lot to quickly convert between numbers and strings using the same operator. If you want to prevent conversion
(Write code that prevent conversion) In these cases you will notice that what you are writing is less code (And can be
removed).
Weakly typed = automatic conversion and automatic is good thing and is better than manual if you know how to use
it correctly.
86.3 What are the advantages to using Ring over Lisp or Smalltalk?
Smalltalk and Lisp are GREAT languages. I like many of the concepts behind them but I’m sure that selecting the
right programming language is based on the problem and comes after the problem’s definition. I have a problem that
I want to solve and these GREAT languages are not ideal for this problem so I designed Ring.
When you design a new language, You can learn from the past but you must look forward and live in the future. What
you know about natural programming maybe based on the old knowledge about the power of these paradigms in the
practical world and I agree with you but I see other techniques that can be applied to get this to work in practice. What
you miss about natural language is that they are context sensitive and this means we can use it and think differently
about how we can express our ideas.
86.2. Why is Ring weakly typed? 952
6. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
Example : I want window contains 3 buttons.
In one sentence I created 4 objects (The window and the three buttons) and added the buttons to the window. The idea
of natural programming is to get many things done like that.
86.4 Why is Ring largely focussed on UI creation?
Yes UI creation is one of the important things in the language features because it is designed to create a visual pro-
gramming tool, But the language is a multi-paradigm language where we can select the programming paradigm based
on the problem.
86.5 Is Ring some sort of an improvement of PHP?
Ring is not designed to replace PHP, Lua or Smalltalk. Ring’s support for declarative programming and natural
language programming is very innovative and much better than staying with procedural, object-oriented and functional
languages. Ring see the future in programming without code (using natural languages) and is designed to support that.
86.6 What are the advantages of using Ring over native C or C++?
Ring provides a better way to mix between different programming paradigms in solving problems.
The different programming paradigms play well together in the same language.
1. It’s easy to switch from one programming paradigm to another one because the language constructs use similar
syntax for similar concepts.
2. The paradigms are provided to interact and used together in different layers in the software.
for example you can create a game engine using object-oriented programming but write the game code using declara-
tive programming or natural programming and behind the scenes your declarative or natural code will use the object-
oriented classes.
3. Ring is more productive and natural than C/C++.
4. Ring is a dynamic language. We can generate and execute code during the runtime. Ring is dynamically typed
and weakly typed for flexibility.
5. The Garbage collector is generational (escape analysis) and also uses reference counting. it’s very fast and still
provides control to the programmer who can delete memory at any time.
6. Ring’s compiler and virtual machine are just 20,000 lines of ANSI C code that can be compiled and used in any
platform.
7. You can use C/C++ libraries and Ring comes with code generator to create wrappers from C functions or C++
classes. so when you need more performance or when you need to use more libraries you can easily do that.
86.7 What is the difference between Ring and Python? And is Ring
Open Source?
Yes the language is Open Source (MIT license)
86.4. Why is Ring largely focussed on UI creation? 953
7. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
In general I like Python and Ruby but I was looking for a language more suitable for creating the next version of the
Programming Without Coding Technology (PWCT) software so I started the Ring design.
Some simple changes that matters for my goal are
1. Not case sensitive
2. The list index start from 1
3. You can call functions before definition
4. Don’t use Python syntax like (indentation, using self, :, pass & _)
5. Weakly typed (convert automatically between types based on context)
6. The programs follow simple and constant structure (Statements then functions then packages and classes)
7. Using the ‘=’ operator for assignment and for testing values
Critical changes are
1. Small Language : The Ring compiler + Virtual Machine = 15K lines of C code , the other 500K lines are related
to libraries and are optional when we go for using the language in C/C++ programs.
2. The Garbage collector : Uses Escape Analysis/Reference counting and give the programmer the ability to
determine when to delete memory using the assignment operator
3. Compact Syntax : Ring is not line sensitive, you don’t need to write ; or press ENTER to separate between
statements
4. Using { } to access the object then using the object attributes and methods directly
5. Natural Programming : It’s very easy to create natural interfaces using Ring based on OOP
6. Declarative Programming using Nested Structure
The Ring programming language is designed based on my experience from using many other languages like C, C++,
C#, Lua, PHP, Python, Ruby, Harbour, Basic and Supernova And the language comes with innovative features added
to achieve the language goal
• Applications programming language.
• Productivity and developing high quality solutions that can scale.
• Small and fast language that can be embedded in C/C++ projects.
• Simple language that can be used in education and introducing Compiler/VM concepts.
• General-Purpose language that can be used for creating domain-specific libraries, frameworks and tools.
• Practical language designed for creating the next version of the Programming Without Coding Technology
software.
86.8 What are the advantages to using Ring over Perl, PHP, Python
or Ruby?
1. Ring is New and Innovative. The language will let you think different about programming.
2. Ring is Smaller. (Lessons learned from the Lua language)
3. Ring is Simple. (Lessons learned from the BASIC and Clipper/Harbour languages)
4. Ring is more Natural. (Lessons learned from the Supernova language)
5. Ring is more Declarative. (Lessons learned from REBOL and QML languages)
86.8. What are the advantages to using Ring over Perl, PHP, Python or Ruby? 954
8. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
6. Ring Implementation is Transparent, Visual and comes with Rich Features.
86.9 What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl or Lua?
1. Clean Code (More Natural)
2. More Features (A lot of useful programming paradigms)
86.10 What are the advantages to using Ring over C# or Java?
1. Compact Code (Clean and Natural), More Productivity and Flexibility.
2. Better support for Declarative Programming and Natural Programming
86.11 The documentation says functional programming is sup-
ported, but then this happens?
The question was about this code
f = func {
a = 42
return func { return a }
}
innerF = call f()
call innerF()
Output:
Using uninitialized variable : a In function _ring_anonymous_func_16601()
The Answer:
• It’s Anonymous Functions, i.e. Not Closures.
• Many developers asked about supporting Closures and during language development we may add new features
that doesn’t go against the language goals or spirit.
• You can use classes and objects when you want to merge between the state and functions to provide a clear
solution.
• You can use Lists and put the anonymous function inside the List then return the list that contains the state and
the function. Pass the list to the function when you use it.
• You can use eval() and substr() to add the variable value directly to the anonymous function before return.
• We protect you from other scopes when you define the function. In Ring we provided the Three Scopes Rule
where at each point you have only at maximum three scopes (Global, Object Scope and Local Scope).
• We don’t get everything from everywhere to be like others! We don’t need to do that. If we will think like that
then we will create a very complex language or we will save our time and use other languages.
• When you think about learning or studying a new language concentrate about (What is new?) and (What is
better in this language?) to know when to use it. Don’t compare a new language just released little months ago
with languages started many years ago and expect to find everything that you used to have.
86.9. What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl or Lua? 955
9. Ring Documentation, Release 1.10
• Each programming language miss features in other languages. The idea is not the Features. it’s the spirit and
ability behind all of the features together.
86.12 Why the ability to define your own languages Instead of just
handing over the syntax so you can parse it using whatever
code you like?
It’s innovation - You create natural statements without the need to learn about parsing. You just use Classes which is
intelligent decision (where later we can mix between classes to support more statements based on the context - We can
change and translate the defined statements and many more!). Also the statements are added in Ring World where you
can use any Ring statement.
86.13 Why you can specify the number of loops you want to break
out of?
The language supports programming in the small and programming in the large. The selection of what features to
use is based on what are you going to do. Any programmer can write poorly code in any language if he/she wants to
do that. The idea is what must be done in the language design to prevent errors without causing other problems like
killing flexibility.
Read some source code in the Linux Kernel and Ruby Implementation for example, You will find good usage for
GOTO as a practical example that General Rules are not for All Use Cases and great programmers know when to
break the rules. I’m not saying go and use GOTO or saying Ring add things like that. But the ability to break more
than one loop and/or the ability to break the loop from sub functions is practical for small programs.
Anyway these are some of the small new things added by the language (Not the big idea).
86.14 Why Ring uses ‘See’, ‘Give’, ‘But’ and ‘Ok’ Keywords?
See and Give are selected not to be “opposite actions” but to reflect what I want to do as a programmer.
When I want to see something on the screen I use ‘See’.
When I want to give some input to the program I use ‘Give’.
My selection of “but” and “ok” is based on selecting keywords that can be written quickly.
Also using “but” is easy to remember than elseif/elif/elsif where each language select a different keyword.
In Ring 1.1 and later versions All of this is just an option.
You can use ‘Put’ and ‘Get’ instead of ‘See’ and ‘Give’
You can use ‘elseif’ and ‘end’ insetad of ‘But’ and ‘Ok’
It’s your choice. In Ring we have syntax flexibility where we provide more than one style.
Also you can change the language keywords and operators.
Also you can define new natural languages too.
86.12. Why the ability to define your own languages Instead of just handing over the syntax so you
can parse it using whatever code you like?
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86.15 What is the philosophy behind data types in Ring?
The Ring programming language is designed to be SMALL. The language provides the basic constructs that you need
to do anything! One of the goals is to keep the basic constructs simple and small as possible.
Using Lists in Ring you can
• Create Arrays (one data type)
• Create Lists (Mix of data types)
• Create Tree (Nested arrays)
• Use String Index (Looks like Dictionary/Hash Table)
The same principle is applied to Numbers
• You can use the number for int value
• You can use the number for double value
• You can use the number for Boolean value (True/False)
The sample principle is applied for Strings
• You can use the string for storing one character
• You can use the string for storing text (one or many lines)
• You can use the string for storing binary data
• You can use the string for storing date
• You can use the string for storing time
• You can use the string for storing NULL values (empty strings)
And we have Object Oriented Support + Operator Overloading where the programmer can define new data types and
use them as default types defined by the language
So We have
• A small and simple language that someone can pick in little days
• A fast language that provide primitive types (String - Number - List - Object)
• A flexible language that can be extended using OOP to add new types according to the application domain
86.16 What about the Boolean values in Ring?
You can use true for 1 and false for 0
when you test the result of Boolean expressions in your code.
Just when you print the value using the see command you will see 1 for (true) and 0 for (false)
Why ?
Because Ring contains only 4 types of variables
1. Number
2. String
3. List
86.15. What is the philosophy behind data types in Ring? 957