Progressive Web App Challenges
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The document discusses progressive web apps (PWAs) and outlines key considerations for creating a PWA. It addresses questions around what a PWA is, how to make a website feel like an app, offline functionality, push notifications, and creating a roadmap. Examples from companies that implemented PWAs successfully are provided. The conclusion recommends developing a progressive roadmap that starts with baseline PWA features and builds out functionality over time based on priorities and initiatives.
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Progressive Web App Challenges
- 2. We need a progressive web app!
- 3. What is a progressive web app?
- 4. How do we create a plan for this?
- 5. Do we need a progressive web app?
- 6. How does the CEO even know about progressive web apps?
- 7. Cool. I’ve been wanting to play with service workers… Maybe we can use Vue.js here as well… I wonder if this can be used as excuse to switch to node js…
- 9. How does the CEO even know about progressive web apps?
- 12. Ola Cabs • 68% increase in mobile traffic • Tier 2 cities conversion rate same as native app. Tier 3 cities, conversion rate is 30% higher with PWA. • PWA is 200KB which 300x smaller than Android and 500x than iOS. • 20% of users who book in the PWA had previously uninstalled app. Source: Google, http://bit.ly/2q9D4EA
- 15. What is a progressive web app?
- 16. Original Definition by Frances Berriman and Alex Russell Responsive 
 Fit any form factor. RWD FTW! Connectivity Independent
 Offline features thanks to service workers. App-like interactions
 App shell for apps navigation. Fresh
 Up-to-date thanks to service workers. Safe
 Served on HTTPS. Discoverable
 Manifest files identify them as apps. Re-engageable
 Push notifications bring people back to apps. Installable
 Can be installed to the home screen w/o app stores. Linkable
 Still part of the web—URLs still work. Progressive
 Use progressive enhancement for better experience.
- 25. PWA is a website that has been enhanced with: {manifest}https service worker Credit to Jeremy Keith for explicitly declaring a technical definition: https://adactio.com/journal/13098
- 27. service worker
- 28. Progressive Web App Service Worker Cache Network Explicit control of network requests and cache
- 29. Service workers key to performance boon Source: Google, http://bit.ly/2fpGrRr
- 30. Service workers key to performance boon Source: Google, http://bit.ly/2fpGrRr
- 31. Service workers key to performance boon Source: Google, http://bit.ly/2fpGrRr
- 32. Service workers are also key to providing an offline experience and push notifications
- 33. PWA is a website that has been enhanced with: {manifest}https service worker But PWAs can be much more…
- 34. Progressive web apps allow us to build experiences that previously required a native application.
- 36. The hype can be a turn off https://twitter.com/elliotecweb/status/864070806569066497
- 37. The name isn’t for you and worrying about it is distraction from just building things that work better for everyone. The name is for your boss, for your investor, for your marketeer. —Frances Berriman, Naming Progressive Web Apps
- 39. Do we need a progressive web app?
- 40. If so, you would probably benefit from a PWA. Does your organization have a website?
- 41. Does your organization make money on your website via e-commerce, advertising, or some other method? If so, you definitely need a progressive web app.
- 43. We already have a native app, why do we need a PWA?
- 44. Reach people who don’t have your native app installed or are on a different device.
- 45. Your website is often a customer’s first interaction with your company. 
 A better web experience will likely mean more revenue and more native app installs.
- 46. The web can’t do [insert thing here]
- 60. https://www.flickr.com/photos/ashleyrosex/2861690380 The web can do more than we think.
- 63. PWAs work fine on older browers. They are progressive.
- 64. AliExpress • 104% for new users across all browsers in conversion • 82% increase in iOS conversion Source: Google, http://bit.ly/2fq2ckc
- 65. Wego • 50% increase in iOS conversion • 35% increase in average iOS session duration Source: Google, https://bit.ly/2uOsoNM
- 66. The Washington Post saw 5x increase in user engagement
- 67. Why? Performance. PWA faster even without SW.
- 68. PWAs are a trojan horse for performance.
- 70. 1. Making it feel like an app 2. Installation and Discovery 3. Offline mode 4. Push Notifications 5. Beyond PWAs
- 71. 1. Making it feel like an app 2. Installation and Discovery 3. Offline mode 4. Push Notifications 5. Beyond PWAs
- 72. Making it feel like an app
- 74. Like obscenity and brunch, web apps can be described but not defined. —Jeremy Keith, By any other name
- 76. Do you switch design language between platforms? Material Design iOS Design
- 77. How many platforms will you adapt to?
- 78. What about desktop browsers?
- 79. Will you jump every time the platform changes?
- 80. Define your own design and be consistent. Tripcase maintains same design across platforms.
- 82. Manifest file display options display: "standalone" display: "fullscreen"display: "browser" display: “minimal-ui”
- 83. We’re spoiled by our browsers
- 84. The warm comforts of the browser navigation bar status bar address bar
- 85. The warm comforts of the browser info, refresh, download tabs downloads find in page
- 86. The warm comforts of the browser sharing printing email
- 87. Roughing it in app land
- 88. Adding a back button is harder than it seems • Manage the browser history so back button goes to right location. • Back button in an app often implies a hierarchy, not simply going to the last screen you were on. • Do you rearchitect your site to create an app hierarchy?
- 90. Where does this button go? Does it do the same thing as the browser back button? Should there be an app back button?
- 92. .backButton { display: none; } @media (display-mode: standalone), (display-mode: fullscreen) { .backButton { display: block; } } Display mode media query
- 93. Not every customer or potential customer will add your Progressive Web App to their home screen …but every visitor will “install” your PWA!
- 96. Animate Transitions to Support Wayfinding
- 97. Smooth Pages — Avoid Jumps, Use Skeleton Pages
- 98. App Shell model of PWAs
- 99. App Shell means first paint happens quickly No PWA, No App Shell, 4G PWA with App Shell, 4G
- 100. WARNING: App Shell model often assumes you’re building a single page application
- 102. PWA != SPA
- 103. Should feeling like an app be the goal? Should feeling like an app be your goal?
- 104. Feel Like an App Website with Performance Improvements Full screen, app shell with native design language Minimal-ui Standalone System Fonts Fullscreen Animation and Polish App Shell Native Design MORE COMPLEXLESS COMPLEX
- 105. Offline Mode
- 106. Cache for performance and offline fallback
- 107. Offline Fallback Pages Can Keep People Engaged • Trivago found that 67% of people continue to browse the site when they come back online. Source: http://bit.ly/2GoXjCi
- 111. WHAT? 
 THE BROWSER ONLY DOWNLOADED 15 THUMBNAIL IMAGES!
- 112. When 7 KB = 7 MB!
- 114. <img src='https://cors.example.com/path/to/image.jpg' crossorigin=‘anonymous’> <link rel='stylesheet' href='https://cors.example.com/ path/to/styles.css' crossorigin='anonymous'>
- 115. Cache recently viewed content for offline use
- 116. Cache recently viewed content for offline use
- 118. Display the Information You Have
- 119. Let User’s Choose What They Want Offline
- 120. Pre-cache Content and Apps
- 121. Give People Trasparency and Control
- 122. Offline Interactivity — Background Sync https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2015/12/background-sync
- 123. Offline Interactivity — Or Disallow Editing
- 126. The goal isn’t offline; offline is just a special case of flakiness (and the easiest one to detect technically). PWAs and SWs give you the ability to be reliable for your users. That’s the advantage across all connection states (even online!) —Alex Russell
- 127. Offline Cache for Performance Only Offline Interactivity Offline Fallback Offline Indicator Cache Recently Viewed Pages Disable Interactivity Pre-cache Predetermined Pages Pre-cache Dynamic Items User Choose What to Cache MORE COMPLEXLESS COMPLEX
- 128. Beyond PWAs
- 130. I have some opinions about AMP…
- 131. But if you must AMP, then AMP to PWA Install Path https://developer.washingtonpost.com/pb/blog/post/2016/07/15/amp-up-with-progressive-web-apps/
- 133. Payment Request API
- 143. Beyond PWAs Basic PWA Multiple New APIs Autofill Support AMP to PWA Credential Management API Camera, other sensors Payment Request API AMP in PWA MORE COMPLEXLESS COMPLEX
- 144. How do we create a plan for this?
- 145. PWAs are progressive because… Progressive Roadmap {manifest}https Jul 13 Redesign launches Better security with HTTPS Faster site via HTTP/2 Better bookmarks via manifest Oct 3 Faster pages Offline fallback It’s a PWA! service worker Oct 18 Offline pages Offline indicator Improved font loading Nov 22 Push notifications HTTP/2 Link Preload Dec 7 Small tweaks PWA announced
- 146. Progressive Web App Blueprint Planning & Definition
- 147. Define Your Ideal Progressive Web App
- 148. Offline Interactivity Cache for Perf Only Offline Native App Stores Website with Perf Improvements Full Screen, App Shell New APIs No Add to Home Screen Basic PWA Feels Like An App Installation and Discovery No Push Notifications Personalized and Integrated Push Push Notifications Beyond PWAs
- 149. Benchmark & Plan to Measure
- 150. Progressive Web App Blueprint Planning & Definition Technical Debt (if Necessary) Baseline PWA Front-end Additions Larger Initiatives Gather team Brainstorm Ideal PWA Benchmarks and measurement plans Build roadmap Assess current website Fix performance issues Fix usability issues Manifest HTTPS Service worker for performance Offline Fallback Cache recently viewed pages Precache popular or important pages Add third-party push notification service CMS plugin for push notifications Payment Request API Credentials Management API Integrate notifications with backend systems Background sync Move to app shell
- 151. Baseline PWA Front-end Additions Larger Initiatives Progressive Web App Blueprint Planning & Definition Technical Debt (if Necessary) Gather team Brainstorm Ideal PWA Benchmarks and measurement plans Build roadmap Assess current website Fix performance issues Fix usability issues Manifest HTTPS Service worker for performance Offline Fallback Cache recently viewed pages Precache popular or important pages Add third-party push notification service CMS plugin for push notifications Payment Request API Credentials Management API Integrate notifications with backend systems Background sync Move to app shell
- 152. Every step on the path to a PWA makes sense on its own.
- 154. Coming November 12th! Preorders available now. Follow @abookapart, @grigs or sign up for the A Book Apart newsletter for updates. https://abookapart.com/products/ progressive-web-apps No 28 PROGRESSIVE WEBAPPS Jason Grigsby
- 155. Thank You!
- 156. Thank You! White Blank Notebook by Tirachard Kumtanom Woman Executive Holding Tablet by Pixabay Schedule Planning by Startup Stock Photos Hackers by Christopher Dombres NSA by by Mario Antonio Pena Zapatería Map Location Symbol by Tumisa Smartphone on Bridge by Jeremy Levin Hype by Kerry J Instagram App on iPhone by Pixabay Man in Fuzzy Hat by Gratisography Southbank - Samsung Galaxy S8 (1) by TaylorHerring Now THIS is comfort! by Garry Wilmore Trojan Horse by Hsing Wei Cold Snow Man Person Asphalt Blur Car City by Pixabay Woman Listening to Music by bruce mars Woman and Dog by Tookapic  Focus by Mark Hunter Person Holding Silver iPhone by rawpixel.com MacBook Air Beside Painting by rawpixel.com Android Phone by freestocks.org Smart Watch by Oliur Rahman Apple Office Internet iPad by Pixabay Woman Jumping by Quang Anh Ha Nguyen SEM by Pixabay Legs on Chair by kaboompics.com In Hiding by Taylor McBride Medusa Kill Switch by Scott Hart White Auto Gauge by Mikes Photos Blue and Silver Stethoscope by Pixabay Tortoise by Frans Van Heerden iPhone Photo on Railroad Tracks by Kaique Rocha database by ✦ Shmidt Sergey ✦ from the Noun Project Cloud by Blackwoodmedia.com.au from the Noun Project Responsive Design by Delwar Hossain from the Noun Project cogs by Gregor Cresnar from the Noun Project Special thanks to these fabulous people who graciously shared their work under Creative Commons.