This document discusses effective and ineffective openings and closings for job application letters. It provides examples of openings and closings and analyzes the persona created in each. Effective openings immediately convey the writer's motivation and qualifications, while ineffective ones are vague, self-serving or unprofessional. Effective closings diplomatically motivate the reader to action, while ineffective closings are bossy, passive or demand rather than request consideration. The goal is to create a persona that is confident yet polite, qualified yet humble, and focused on how the applicant can benefit the employer rather than what the employer can offer them.