Injection flaws

An XSS attack is a type of vulnerability that allows malicious scripts to be injected into web pages viewed by other users. There are three main types: reflected XSS occurs when a link containing malicious code is clicked; stored XSS injects code directly into a vulnerable website, potentially affecting many users; DOM-based XSS involves injecting code into a website hosted on a user's local system, allowing the attacker to access that user's browser privileges. The document provides examples of how XSS attacks work and can be used to hijack accounts, insert hostile content, steal cookies, and redirect users.

SQL injection is a code injection technique that attacks data-driven applications. It involves inserting malicious SQL statements into entry fields that are then executed by the database. There are different types of SQL injection attacks, including directly injecting code to immediately execute or injecting into persistent storage to be triggered later. Injection can occur through user input, cookies, or server variables. Prevention techniques aim to stop these types of attacks from harming databases.

This document discusses SQL injection and techniques to prevent it. SQL injection occurs when malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field to exploit vulnerabilities in the underlying database. Attackers can use SQL injection to bypass login screens or retrieve sensitive data. To prevent SQL injection, developers should escape special characters in user input before submitting queries, use prepared statements with bound parameters, and validate and sanitize all input. Input escaping involves using database-specific escape functions like mysql_real_escape_string() to avoid unintended SQL commands. Proper input validation and escaping helps prevent SQL injection attacks.

This document discusses SQL injection (SQLI), which is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications. SQLI works by inserting malicious SQL statements into entry fields for execution on the backend database. This allows attackers to read sensitive data, modify database contents, and perform administration tasks. The document outlines common SQLI attack methods like error-based and union-based techniques. It also categorizes SQLI attacks as in-band, inferential/blind, or out-of-band based on how results are returned. Examples are provided to illustrate how SQLI exploits vulnerabilities in dynamic SQL queries.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of vulnerability in web applications that allows attackers to inject client-side scripts. There are three main types of XSS - reflected XSS occurs when malicious scripts are included in links or requests to the server, stored XSS happens when scripts are stored on the server through forums or comments, and local XSS executes without contacting the server through PDFs or Flash. XSS can lead to compromised user accounts, denial of service attacks, or access to users' local machines. Developers can prevent XSS through input validation, encoding output, and keeping software updated.

OWASP Top 10- A2 broken authentication and session management at Mahidol University on April 28, 2016

The document discusses SQL injection, including its types, methodology, attack queries, and prevention. SQL injection is a code injection technique where a hacker manipulates SQL commands to access a database and sensitive information. It can result in identity spoofing, modifying data, gaining administrative privileges, denial of service attacks, and more. The document outlines the steps of a SQL injection attack and types of queries used. Prevention methods include minimizing privileges, coding standards, and firewalls.

SQL injection is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications that use SQL queries to access a backend database. An attacker can insert malicious SQL statements into the login form of a web application to gain unauthorized access to the database. The document discusses what SQL injection is, types of SQL injection like in-band and out-of-band, and provides examples. It also notes that SQL injection is a serious problem that can allow attackers to delete, modify or steal data. Suggested solutions include input validation, prepared statements, and minimizing database privileges.

• What is SQL injection ? • Why is it harmful? • Types of SQL injection attacks. • How to identify SQL injection vulnerability. • Exploiting SQL injection. • How to protect Web Application from SQL injection.

Web App Vulnerabilities - Slidepack on "CRLF injection" by Secure Code Warrior Limited and licensed under CC BY-ND 4.0

This document discusses local file inclusion (LFI) vulnerabilities that can allow attackers to execute remote code. It explains how LFI works by dynamically including user-supplied files, and how attackers can use path traversal and null bytes to read arbitrary local files. It then describes how attackers can use LFI to execute reverse shells on the target server by including a PHP script that opens a remote connection. The document provides examples of vulnerable PHP functions and common files that can be read. It concludes by recommending input validation and whitelisting of allowed files to defend against LFI attacks.

Directory traversal, also known as path traversal, allows attackers to access files and directories outside of the web server's designated root folder. This can lead to attacks like file inclusion, where malicious code is executed on the server, and source code disclosure, where sensitive application code is revealed. Local file inclusion allows attackers to include files from the local web server, while remote file inclusion includes files from external websites, potentially allowing remote code execution on the vulnerable server.

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a web security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. There are three main types of XSS attacks: reflected XSS, stored XSS, and DOM-based XSS. XSS has been one of the top vulnerabilities on the OWASP Top Ten list for many years. While XSS attacks can compromise user sessions and steal sensitive data, developers can prevent XSS through proper input sanitization and output encoding. As web applications continue to grow in use, jobs in web application security and penetration testing are also expected to increase significantly in the coming years.

This document provides an introduction to SQL injection basics. It defines SQL injection as executing a SQL query or statement by injecting it into a user input field. The document outlines why SQL injection is studied, provides a sample database structure, and describes generic SQL queries and operators like UNION and ORDER BY. It also categorizes different types of SQL injection and attacks. The remainder of the document previews upcoming topics on blind SQL injection, data extraction techniques, and prevention.

This document provides an overview of server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities, including what SSRF is, its impact, common attacks, bypassing filters, and mitigations. SSRF allows an attacker to induce the application to make requests to internal or external servers from the server side, bypassing access controls. This can enable attacks on the server itself or other backend systems and escalate privileges. The document discusses techniques for exploiting trust relationships and bypassing blacklists/whitelists to perform SSRF attacks. It also covers blind SSRF and ways to detect them using out-of-band techniques. Mitigations include avoiding user input that can trigger server requests, sanitizing input, whitelist