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Craig Blitz, Senior Product Director at Lightbend
WEBINAR
Five Early Challenges Of Building
Streaming Fast Data Applications
Why does fast matter?
Recommendation Engines Automation Competitive Advantage
Fast Data: Opportunity Meets Necessity
Apache
Hadoop
20142005
Early use of
MapReduce and
Hadoop
Hadoop 1.0
2008
Spark 0.5
Spark 1.0
2011 2017
Spark 2.0
Structured
StreamingMLlib
Akka
Streams
Growth in Mobile Data
Traffic 2009-2020
[Source: Carrier & Public
Wi-Fi, July 2015, Mobile
Experts LLC]
Flink 1.0,
kafka
streams
?
Apache
Beam 2.0 (!!)
Apache
Beam 0.6
Growth in Streaming Traffic Coincides with Microservices
and Cloud Native Apps
Microservices interest over time
(2004-2017)

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Reactive Streams 1.0.0 is now live, and so are our implementations in Akka Streams 1.0 and Slick 3.0. Reactive Streams is an engineering collaboration between heavy hitters in the area of streaming data on the JVM. With the Reactive Streams Special Interest Group, we set out to standardize a common ground for achieving statically-typed, high-performance, low latency, asynchronous streams of data with built-in non-blocking back pressure—with the goal of creating a vibrant ecosystem of interoperating implementations, and with a vision of one day making it into a future version of Java. Akka (recent winner of “Most Innovative Open Source Tech in 2015”) is a toolkit for building message-driven applications. With Akka Streams 1.0, Akka has incorporated a graphical DSL for composing data streams, an execution model that decouples the stream’s staged computation—it’s “blueprint”—from its execution (allowing for actor-based, single-threaded and fully distributed and clustered execution), type safe stream composition, an implementation of the Reactive Streaming specification that enables back-pressure, and more than 20 predefined stream “processing stages” that provide common streaming transformations that developers can tap into (for splitting streams, transforming streams, merging streams, and more). Slick​ is a relational database query and access library for Scala that enables loose-coupling, minimal configuration requirements and abstraction of the complexities of connecting with relational databases. With Slick 3.0, Slick now supports the Reactive Streams API for providing asynchronous stream processing with non-blocking back-pressure. Slick 3.0 also allows elegant mapping across multiple data types, static verification and type inference for embedded SQL statements, compile-time error discovery, and JDBC support for interoperability with all existing drivers.

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What is an integrated Fast Data Platform?
• A solution that ties together fast data components, microservices, cluster
management, application/service lifecycle management, and support.
Messaging
Microservices
Streaming
Services
Persistence
Management
Monitoring
Lots of Innovation, but Maturity Lags
• Innovation within components
• Solution comprises many components
• Components supported by different companies
• Aspects of SDLC remain tricky
Survey Says….
A currently open survey by Lightbend looks at Fast Data and related topics.
Preliminary results of 1200 initial respondents:
• 86% said they are dealing with more data compared to the past.
• More than half are scrambling to process data more quickly.
• The majority today process data once-daily / intra daily.
• The majority are in production or pilot for production with microservices.
• What's tough about Fast Data: technology choice, implementation and scale.
Challenge #1
Choosing Among Alternative Frameworks

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apache kafkakafka summit
• Excels at low-cost, scalable batch analytics
• Data Warehouse Replacement
• Less suitable for real-time (streaming)
Hadoop
Streaming Engines – So many to choose from!
Kafka Streams
•Kafka Library
•Consume, Produce
Kafka Topics
•Pull model instead
of Async +
Backpressure
•Useful for stateful
stream processing
Akka Streams
•Low-latency
Complex Event
Processing
•Integration with
data sources/sinks
•Iterative, pipelined
processing
•Integration with
microservices
Spark Streaming
•Mini-batch
•Machine Learning
•Longer running
jobs like Training
Models
•Supports batch
and near-real time
•Run SQL jobs
Apache Flink
•High-Volume, Low
Latency
•True streaming
•Iterative, pipelined
processing
•Excellent Apache
Beam Support
So That’s Perfectly Clear
• Choices are not always obvious
• Tradeoff speed, memory, choice of libraries, …
• Application may require multiple engines
Challenge #2
Integrating Microservices with Streaming Services

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Microservices became the new black in enterprise architectures. APIs provide functions to other applications or end users. Even if your architecture uses another pattern than microservices, like SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture) or Client-Server communication, APIs are used between the different applications and end users. Apache Kafka plays a key role in modern microservice architectures to build open, scalable, flexible and decoupled real time applications. API Management complements Kafka by providing a way to implement and govern the full life cycle of the APIs. This session explores how event streaming with Apache Kafka and API Management (including API Gateway and Service Mesh technologies) complement and compete with each other depending on the use case and point of view of the project team. The session concludes exploring the vision of event streaming APIs instead of RPC calls.

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reactivemanifesto.org
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• A streaming service should appear as just another service in your
architecture
• Must be reactive: elastic, resilient, responsive, and message-driven
• Unlike Hadoop systems, which can serve results to a service when ready
• We shouldn’t care how a service is implemented
Streaming Services are Part of your Application
Service
A
Service
C
Service
B
Challenge #3
Understanding Operational Challenges
Ok, Streaming Services are Just Another Service

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• How do they manage state?
• How do you scale them?
• How do you version/upgrade them?
Stream Engines Do Not Always Meet Microservices Goals
In most cases, the operator needs to know too much about the
underlying component or service
Challenge #4
Gaining Competitive Advantage through Machine
Learning
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• Example Uses Cases
• Fraud and Anomaly Detection
• Recommendation Engines / Marketing
Personalization
• Financial Trading
• Smart Cars
• Natural Language Processing
• Automation
How Can Businesses Identify Machine Learning
Opportunities?
Stop!
Ask Yourself:
Where I have
hard-coded
models or rules?
Challenge #5
Optimizing Resource Utilization
• Clusters Can Get Quite Large with Many Moving Components
• Interaction Between Components Quite Complex
• First Generation Auto-Scalers Naïve
First Generation Resource Optimization
“Scale when
CPU reaches
80%”
“Scale when
Queue Length >
10”
• Clusters Can Get Quite Large with Many Moving Components
• Interaction Between Components Quite Complex
• Bottlenecks shift over time as application and infrastructure changes
But Hard To Tie These Rules Back to Business Objectives

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architecturecore kafkaanalytics
What You Really Want
“Scale what you need to
scale to continue to meet
service-level objectives”
• On-Line Machine Learning Can Help
• Specify Service Level Objectives per service or application
• But Challenges Remain….
• Hard to Build
• Need knowledge of how to scale components
• “Operator Model”
Good News
Five Early Challenges Of Building Streaming Fast Data Applications
• Easy on-ramp for getting started
• Curated choice of components
• Complete monitoring and intelligent management
• Support across entire platform
Lightbend Fast Data Platform

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cloud-nativedata
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<November 2017 Updated from earlier presentations on Cloud-native Data> Cloud-native applications form the foundation for modern, cloud-scale digital solutions, and the patterns and practices for cloud-native at the app tier are becoming widely understood – statelessness, service discovery, circuit breakers and more. But little has changed in the data tier. Our modern apps are often connected to monolithic shared databases that have monolithic practices wrapped around them. As a result, the autonomy promised by moving to a microservices application architecture is compromised. What we need are patterns and practices for cloud-native data. The anti-patterns of shared databases and simple proxy-style web services to front them give way to approaches that include use of caches (Netflix calls caching their hidden microservice), database per service and polyglot persistence, modern versions of ETL and data integration and more. In this session, aimed at the application developer/architect, Cornelia will look at those patterns and see how they serve the needs of the cloud-native application.

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lightbend.com/fast-data-platform
Questions? Comments?
Want to speak with someone at Lightbend?
Get in touch with us!
lightbend.com/contact
info@lightbend.com

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Five Early Challenges Of Building Streaming Fast Data Applications

  • 1. Craig Blitz, Senior Product Director at Lightbend WEBINAR Five Early Challenges Of Building Streaming Fast Data Applications
  • 2. Why does fast matter? Recommendation Engines Automation Competitive Advantage
  • 3. Fast Data: Opportunity Meets Necessity Apache Hadoop 20142005 Early use of MapReduce and Hadoop Hadoop 1.0 2008 Spark 0.5 Spark 1.0 2011 2017 Spark 2.0 Structured StreamingMLlib Akka Streams Growth in Mobile Data Traffic 2009-2020 [Source: Carrier & Public Wi-Fi, July 2015, Mobile Experts LLC] Flink 1.0, kafka streams ? Apache Beam 2.0 (!!) Apache Beam 0.6
  • 4. Growth in Streaming Traffic Coincides with Microservices and Cloud Native Apps Microservices interest over time (2004-2017)
  • 5. What is an integrated Fast Data Platform? • A solution that ties together fast data components, microservices, cluster management, application/service lifecycle management, and support. Messaging Microservices Streaming Services Persistence Management Monitoring
  • 6. Lots of Innovation, but Maturity Lags • Innovation within components • Solution comprises many components • Components supported by different companies • Aspects of SDLC remain tricky
  • 7. Survey Says…. A currently open survey by Lightbend looks at Fast Data and related topics. Preliminary results of 1200 initial respondents: • 86% said they are dealing with more data compared to the past. • More than half are scrambling to process data more quickly. • The majority today process data once-daily / intra daily. • The majority are in production or pilot for production with microservices. • What's tough about Fast Data: technology choice, implementation and scale.
  • 8. Challenge #1 Choosing Among Alternative Frameworks
  • 9. • Excels at low-cost, scalable batch analytics • Data Warehouse Replacement • Less suitable for real-time (streaming) Hadoop
  • 10. Streaming Engines – So many to choose from! Kafka Streams •Kafka Library •Consume, Produce Kafka Topics •Pull model instead of Async + Backpressure •Useful for stateful stream processing Akka Streams •Low-latency Complex Event Processing •Integration with data sources/sinks •Iterative, pipelined processing •Integration with microservices Spark Streaming •Mini-batch •Machine Learning •Longer running jobs like Training Models •Supports batch and near-real time •Run SQL jobs Apache Flink •High-Volume, Low Latency •True streaming •Iterative, pipelined processing •Excellent Apache Beam Support
  • 11. So That’s Perfectly Clear • Choices are not always obvious • Tradeoff speed, memory, choice of libraries, … • Application may require multiple engines
  • 12. Challenge #2 Integrating Microservices with Streaming Services
  • 13. reactivemanifesto.org Reactive: the architecture for modern, scalable applications
  • 14. • A streaming service should appear as just another service in your architecture • Must be reactive: elastic, resilient, responsive, and message-driven • Unlike Hadoop systems, which can serve results to a service when ready • We shouldn’t care how a service is implemented Streaming Services are Part of your Application Service A Service C Service B
  • 16. Ok, Streaming Services are Just Another Service
  • 17. • How do they manage state? • How do you scale them? • How do you version/upgrade them? Stream Engines Do Not Always Meet Microservices Goals In most cases, the operator needs to know too much about the underlying component or service
  • 18. Challenge #4 Gaining Competitive Advantage through Machine Learning
  • 19. • Branch of artificial intelligence • Recognize patterns in data • Build models to predict outcomes • Recommend actions based on predicted outcomes vs stated goals What Do We Mean By Machine Learning?
  • 20. Why is Machine Learning Hot Now?
  • 21. • Example Uses Cases • Fraud and Anomaly Detection • Recommendation Engines / Marketing Personalization • Financial Trading • Smart Cars • Natural Language Processing • Automation How Can Businesses Identify Machine Learning Opportunities? Stop! Ask Yourself: Where I have hard-coded models or rules?
  • 23. • Clusters Can Get Quite Large with Many Moving Components • Interaction Between Components Quite Complex • First Generation Auto-Scalers Naïve First Generation Resource Optimization “Scale when CPU reaches 80%” “Scale when Queue Length > 10”
  • 24. • Clusters Can Get Quite Large with Many Moving Components • Interaction Between Components Quite Complex • Bottlenecks shift over time as application and infrastructure changes But Hard To Tie These Rules Back to Business Objectives
  • 25. What You Really Want “Scale what you need to scale to continue to meet service-level objectives”
  • 26. • On-Line Machine Learning Can Help • Specify Service Level Objectives per service or application • But Challenges Remain…. • Hard to Build • Need knowledge of how to scale components • “Operator Model” Good News
  • 28. • Easy on-ramp for getting started • Curated choice of components • Complete monitoring and intelligent management • Support across entire platform Lightbend Fast Data Platform
  • 30. Questions? Comments? Want to speak with someone at Lightbend? Get in touch with us! lightbend.com/contact info@lightbend.com