This is chapter 5 of ISTQB Advance Test Manager certification. This presentation helps aspirants understand and prepare the content of the certification.
This is the chapter 3 of ISTQB Agile Tester Extension certification. This presentation helps aspirants understand and prepare content of certification.
Test Management as Chapter 5 of ISTQB Foundation 2018. Topics covered are Test Organization, Test Planning and Estimation, Test Monitoring and Control, Test Execution Schedule, Test Strategy, Risk and Testing, Defect Management
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Chapter 6 - Transitioning Manual Testing to an Automation EnvironmentNeeraj Kumar Singh
The document discusses factors to consider when transitioning from manual to automated testing. It states that traditionally organizations have developed manual test cases, and when deciding to automate, one must evaluate current manual tests and determine the most effective approach to automating these assets. Not all tests can or should be automated. There are criteria provided for determining what types of tests are good candidates for automation, such as frequency of use and complexity. Steps for automating regression tests are also outlined.
Chapter 2 - Testing Throughout the Development LifeCycleNeeraj Kumar Singh
The document discusses testing throughout the software development life cycle. It describes different software development models including sequential, incremental, and iterative models. It also covers different test levels from component and integration testing to system and acceptance testing. The document discusses different types of testing including functional and non-functional testing. It also covers topics like maintenance testing and triggers for additional testing when changes are made.
This is chapter 5 of ISTQB Specialist Performance Tester certification. This presentation helps aspirants understand and prepare the content of the certification.
This is the chapter 5 of ISTQB Advance Test Automation Engineer certification. This presentation helps aspirants understand and prepare content of certification.
Chapter 4 - Quality Characteristics for Technical TestingNeeraj Kumar Singh
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This is a free module from my course ISTQB CTAL Test Manager revised to 2012 syllabus. If you need full training feel free to contact me by email (amraldo@hotmail.com) or by mobile (+201223600207).
Static analysis is a static testing technique that analyzes source code without executing it. It can find faults like unreachable code, undeclared variables, and array bound violations. Some key advantages are that it can find faults difficult to see otherwise and provides an objective assessment of code quality. However, it also has limitations like not being able to distinguish fail-safe code from actual faults. Reviews are also useful for finding faults early and help achieve consensus, while inspections are more formal reviews.
This is the chapter 8 of ISTQB Advance Test Automation Engineer certification. This presentation helps aspirants understand and prepare content of certification.
Role Of Qa And Testing In Agile 1225221397167302 8a34sharm
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This is chapter 5 of ISTQB Advance Technical Test Analyst certification. This presentation helps aspirants understand and prepare the content of the certification.
*Software Testing Certification Courses: https://www.edureka.co/software-testing-certification-courses *
This Edureka PPT on "Software Testing Life Cycle" will provide you with in-depth knowledge about software testing and the different phases involved in the process of testing.
Below are the topics covered in this session:
Introduction to Software Testing
Why Testing is Important?
Who does Testing?
Software Testing Life Cycle
Requirement Analysis
Test Planning
Test Case Development
Test Environment Setup
Test Execution
Test Cycle Closure
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This is chapter 4 of ISTQB Specialist Mobile Application Tester certification. This presentation helps aspirants understand and prepare the content of the certification.
РАМЕЛЛА БАСЕНКО «Поліпшення процесу тестування, як результат аудиту процесів ...QADay
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«Поліпшення процесу тестування, як результат аудиту процесів на проекті»
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Overview of test process improvement frameworksNikita Knysh
This document provides an overview of several test process improvement frameworks:
- The Test Maturity Model (TMM) uses five staged levels to measure test process maturity and suit regulatory environments.
- Test Process Improvement (TPI) allows for asynchronous improvements across four process cornerstones and twenty processes at four levels.
- Critical Testing Processes (CTP) focuses on continuously improving critical, high-impact testing processes.
- The Systematic Test and Evaluation Process (STEP) assesses planning, implementation, and measurement of testing through qualitative and quantitative metrics.
Improve your test process, improve your lifeQualitest
QualiTest shares some insight about making improvements in your test process with the Business-Driven Test Process Improvement (TPI) model. TPI works by focusing on key areas and ranks them into categories for improvement.
For more information on how to improve your testing capabilities. Visit us at: www.QualiTestGroup.com
Overview of test process improvement frameworkQA Club Kiev
This document provides an overview of several test process improvement frameworks: Test Maturity Model (TMM), Test Process Improvement (TPI), Critical Testing Processes (CTP), and Systematic Test and Evaluation Process (STEP). TMM defines 5 maturity levels for testing processes. TPI focuses on 4 process cornerstones and allows incremental improvement. CTP identifies attributes of critical testing processes. STEP assesses test planning, implementation, and measurement with qualitative and quantitative metrics.
Overview of test process improvement frameworkCiklum Ukraine
This document provides an overview of several test process improvement frameworks: Test Maturity Model (TMM), Test Process Improvement (TPI), Critical Testing Processes (CTP), and Systematic Test and Evaluation Process (STEP). TMM defines 5 maturity levels for testing processes. TPI focuses on 4 process cornerstones and allows incremental improvement. CTP identifies attributes of critical testing processes. STEP assesses test planning, implementation, and measurement with qualitative and quantitative metrics.
How to take organizations to higher testing maturity suresh bose anagha mahaj...Anagha Mahajan
Description:
For the past many years, the focus of the industry was on improving quality by writing better code and using automation and engineering. These efforts did show results but we are still far from an illusive zero-defect state while fulfilling expected time to market.
In order to further boost software quality improvement efforts, the focus has now shifted to improving testing processes. Test Maturity Model integration (TMMi) is a detailed model for test process assessment and improvement. TMMi staged model contains stages or levels that determine the maturity of an organization and lays down roadmap for moving from one maturity level to next. As the processes evolve, an organization passes from adhoc (L1) to Optimized levels (L5). Application of TMMi will lead organizations to highly mature test process, reduced rework (about 10%), increase in defect removal efficiency (about 85%), higher productivity (about 10 test cases per day or 15% higher) and faster time to market.
Learning Objectives:
1. How can your organization improve the effectiveness of testing
2. How can you sustain testing maturity
3. What is the improvement roadmap for the implementation journey to improve testing processes
4. Why TMMI is preferred to CMMI for any testing organization
The document discusses software process improvement. It explains process factors that influence quality and productivity, developing process models, and the CMMI process improvement framework. The CMMI model assesses process capability on a scale from 1 to 6. It includes process areas like requirements management and project planning. Process improvement involves analyzing current processes, defining metrics to measure goals, and making changes to improve.
Getting acquainted with the test maturity model (copy)pooja deshmukh
Getting Acquainted With The Test Maturity Model.Let us try to understand the test maturity model in this blog. For learning other models related to software testing, enroll intotesting classes in Pune. For now, let us proceed with the concept of the maturity model.
This document discusses software process improvement. It begins by explaining the objectives of software process improvement which are to explain principles, factors influencing quality and productivity, developing process models, and process capability assessment. It then defines a software development process and software process improvement. The key stages of process improvement are described as process measurement, analysis, and change. Examples of process improvement results are provided. Models for process improvement like the CMM, CMMI, and ISO 9001 are outlined. The CMMI staged model and components are explained in detail. The document concludes with some afterthoughts on software process improvement challenges.
The document discusses seven basic quality tools used to improve quality in companies. It presents the tools and describes a three-step methodology for implementing quality tools that involves assessing current quality management processes, analyzing historical quality data, and applying the PDCA cycle to address prioritized problems. Quality tools can help decrease costs, improve productivity, and help companies stay in business by providing jobs. The methodology aims to maximize profits and objectives by increasing the effective use of quality tools.
The document discusses seven basic quality tools used to improve quality in companies. It presents the tools and describes a three-step methodology for implementing quality tools that involves assessing current quality management processes, analyzing historical quality data, and applying the PDCA cycle to address prioritized problems. Quality tools can help decrease costs, improve productivity, and help companies stay in business by providing jobs. The methodology aims to maximize profits and objectives by increasing the effective use of quality tools.
The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is a framework for software process improvement composed of 5 levels of process maturity. It was developed by the Software Engineering Institute to help organizations improve their software development process. The CMM describes key process areas that must be addressed to achieve each increasing level of process maturity, from initial/ad hoc processes at level 1 to optimized processes at level 5. Achieving higher levels involves more defined, measured, controlled, and continuously improving processes. While implementation takes significant time and effort, following the CMM helps organizations establish a foundation for consistent, predictable processes that improve quality.
A process maturity model for requirements engineeringIan Sommerville
The REAIMS process maturity model provides a framework for assessing and improving an organization's requirements engineering processes. It consists of three levels - initial, repeatable, and defined - based on the extent to which basic, intermediate, and advanced good practices are used. The model was developed to address limitations of other models like CMM in assessing requirements engineering. Assessment involves scoring organizational usage of practices against a checklist to determine the current maturity level and identify areas for improvement.
The document discusses improving software testing processes at XYZ Company. It begins with objectives to analyze the existing testing process, identify areas for improvement, and reduce costs. It then provides background on software testing, including definitions, the purpose of testing, and why test process improvement is needed. The document outlines steps for test process improvement, including determining goals, analyzing the current situation, and implementing changes. It reviews literature on test process improvement models, focusing on the Test Process Improvement (TPI) model as a framework with key areas, maturity levels, checkpoints, and improvement suggestions.
Process Improvement in Software Engineering SE25koolkampus
The document discusses software process improvement. It explains the principles of process improvement and introduces the SEI Capability Maturity Model. It discusses process analysis, modeling, measurement, and classification. It addresses the applicability and limitations of the SEI model and different process choices based on factors like project size.
The document provides an overview of the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) framework. It discusses the key concepts of CMMI including the reasons for focusing on software processes, the structure and components of the CMMI model, and the different maturity levels. The summary highlights the five maturity levels within CMMI and some of the process areas associated with each level.
CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) is a process improvement framework that defines best practices for software development and delivery. It evaluates how efficiently a company delivers technology products. CMMI focuses on continuously improving processes through defining goals and practices for key process areas. It can guide improvements across projects, divisions, or entire organizations. The goals are implemented through specific practices to achieve higher capability or maturity levels.
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Here are the answers and justification for the sample question paper for ISTQB Advance Technical Test Analyst for certification preparation. This is a standard paper from ISTQB.
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1. Improving the Testing Process
1 Testing Process 2 Test Management 3 Reviews
Software Testing - ISTQB Advance
Test Manager Exam Preparation
Chapter 5
Neeraj Kumar Singh
4 Defect Management
5 Improving Process 6 Test Tools 7 People Skills
2. Improving the Testing Process
Contents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Test Improvement Process
5.3 Improving the Test Process
5.4 Improving the Test Process with TMMi
5.5 Improving the Test Process with TPI Next
5.6 Improving the Test Process with CTP
5.7 Improving the Test Process with STEP
Neeraj Kumar Singh
3. Once established, an organization’s overall test process should undergo continuous improvement.
In this chapter, generic improvement issues are first covered, followed by an introduction to some specific models
which can be used for test process improvement.
Test Managers should assume they will be the driving force behind test process changes and improvements and so
should be familiar with the industry-accepted techniques discussed in this chapter.
Further information on test improvement processes is discussed in the Expert Level Improving the Test Process
syllabus.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Introduction
4. Improving the Testing Process
Contents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Test Improvement Process
5.3 Improving the Test Process
5.4 Improving the Test Process with TMMi
5.5 Improving the Test Process with TPI Next
5.6 Improving the Test Process with CTP
5.7 Improving the Test Process with STEP
Neeraj Kumar Singh
5. Just as organizations use testing to improve software, process improvement techniques can be selected and used
to improve the process of developing software and the resulting software deliverables. Process improvement can
also be applied to the testing processes. Different ways and methods are available to improve the testing of
software and of systems containing software. These methods aim at improving the process, and hence the
deliverables, by providing guidelines and areas for improvement.
Testing often accounts for a major part of the total project costs. However, only limited attention is given to the
test process in the various software process improvement models, such as CMMI®
Test improvement models such as the Test Maturity Model integration (TMMi®), Systematic Test and Evaluation
Process (STEP), Critical Testing Processes (CTP) and TPI Next® were developed to address the lack of attention to
testing in most software process improvement models. Properly used, these models can provide a degree of cross-
organization metrics that can be used for benchmark comparisons.
The models presented in this syllabus are not intended to be a recommendation for use, but are presented here to
provide a representative view of how the models work and what they include.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Test Improvement Process
6. Process improvements are relevant to the software development process as well as to the testing process. Learning
from one's own mistakes makes it possible to improve the process that organizations are using to develop and test
software.
The Deming improvement cycle: Plan, Do, Check, Act, has been used for many decades, and is still relevant when
testers need to improve the process in use today.
One premise for process improvement is the belief that the quality of a system is highly influenced by the quality
of the process used to develop the software. Improved quality in the software industry reduces the need for
resources to maintain the software and thus provides more time for creating more and better solutions in the
future.
Process models provide a place to start improving, by measuring the organization’s process capabilities against the
model. The models also provide a framework for improving the organization’s processes based on the outcome of
an assessment.
A process assessment leads to a process capability determination, which motivates a process improvement. This
may invoke a subsequent process assessment to measure the effect of the improvement.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Introduction to Process Improvement
7. The use of assessment models is a common method which ensures a standardized approach to improving test
processes using tried and trusted practices.
Process improvement models are categorized into two types:
1. The process reference model which provides a maturity measurement as part of the assessment in order to
evaluate an organization’s capability compared with the model, to evaluate the organization within the
framework, and to provide a roadmap for improving the process.
2. The content reference model which provides business-driven evaluations of an organization’s opportunities to
improve including, in some cases, benchmarking against industry averages using objective measurements. This
evaluation can be used to create a roadmap for improving the process.
Test process improvement can also be accomplished without models by using, for example, analytical approaches
and retrospective meetings.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Types of Process Improvement
8. Improving the Testing Process
Contents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Test Improvement Process
5.3 Improving the Test Process
5.4 Improving the Test Process with TMMi
5.5 Improving the Test Process with TPI Next
5.6 Improving the Test Process with CTP
5.7 Improving the Test Process with STEP
Neeraj Kumar Singh
9. The IT industry can work with test process improvement models to reach a higher level of maturity and
professionalism. Industry standard models are helping to develop cross-organization metrics and measures that can
be used for comparison.
Out of the need for process improvement in the testing industry, several sets of recommended processes have
materialized. These include STEP, TMMi, TPI Next and CTP
. The staged models, such as TMMi and CMMI, provide
standards for comparison across different companies and organizations.
The continuous models, such as CTP, STEP and TPI Next, allow an organization to address its highest priority issues
with more freedom in the order of implementation. These are each discussed further in this section.
All of these models allow an organization to determine where it stands in terms of its current test processes. Once
an assessment is performed, TMMi and TPI Next suggest a roadmap for improving the test process.
Alternatively, STEP and CTP provide the organization with means to determine where its greatest process
improvement return on investment will come from and leave it to the organization to select the appropriate
roadmap.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Improving the Test Process
10. Improving the Testing Process
Contents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Test Improvement Process
5.3 Improving the Test Process
5.4 Improving the Test Process with TMMi
5.5 Improving the Test Process with TPI Next
5.6 Improving the Test Process with CTP
5.7 Improving the Test Process with STEP
Neeraj Kumar Singh
11. The Testing Maturity Model integration (TMMi) is composed of five maturity levels and is intended to complement
CMMI. Each of the maturity levels contains defined process areas that must be 85% complete by achieving specific
and generic goals before the organization can advance to the next level.
The TMMi maturity levels are:
Level 1: Initial The initial level represents a state where there is no formally documented or structured
testing process. Tests are typically developed in an ad hoc way after coding, and testing is seen as the same as
debugging. The aim of testing is understood to be proving that the software works.
Level 2: Managed The second level is attained when testing processes are clearly separated from debugging.
It can be reached by setting testing policy and goals, introducing the steps found in a fundamental test process
(e.g., test planning), and implementing basic testing techniques and methods.
Level 3: Defined The third level is reached when a testing process is integrated into the software
development lifecycle, and documented in formal standards, procedures, and methods. Reviews take place
and there should be a distinct software testing function that can be controlled and monitored.
Level 4: Measured Level four is achieved when the testing process is capable of being effectively measured
and managed at an organizational level to the benefit of specific projects.
Level 5: Optimized The final level represents a state of test process maturity where data from the testing
process can be used to help prevent defects, and the focus is on optimizing the established process.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Improving the Testing Process with TMMi
12. Once it has been agreed that test processes should be reviewed and improved, the process improvement
implementation steps to be adopted for this activity could be as defined in the IDEAL model:
Initiating the improvement process
Diagnosing the current situation
Establishing a test process improvement plan
Acting to implement improvement
Learning from the improvement program
Depending on the process model used, this stage of the process is where monitoring of the next level of maturity
starts and a decision is made to either start the improvement process again, or to stop the activity at this point.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Improving the Test Process
13. Improving the Testing Process
Contents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Test Improvement Process
5.3 Improving the Test Process
5.4 Improving the Test Process with TMMi
5.5 Improving the Test Process with TPI Next
5.6 Improving the Test Process with CTP
5.7 Improving the Test Process with STEP
Neeraj Kumar Singh
14. The TPI Next model defines 16 key areas, each of which covers a specific aspect of the test process, such as test
strategy, metrics, test tools and test environment.
Four maturity levels are defined in the model:
Initial
Controlled
Efficient
Optimizing
Specific checkpoints are defined to assess each key area at each of the maturity levels. Findings are summarized
and visualized by means of a maturity matrix which covers all key areas. The definition of improvement objectives
and their implementation can be tailored according to the needs and capacity of the testing organization.
The generic approach makes TPI Next independent of any software process improvement model. It covers both the
test engineering aspects as well as support for managerial decision making.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Improving the Testing Process with TPI Next
17. Improving the Testing Process
Contents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Test Improvement Process
5.3 Improving the Test Process
5.4 Improving the Test Process with TMMi
5.5 Improving the Test Process with TPI Next
5.6 Improving the Test Process with CTP
5.7 Improving the Test Process with STEP
Neeraj Kumar Singh
18. The basic premise of the Critical Testing Processes (CTP) assessment model is that certain testing processes are
critical. These critical processes, if carried out well, will support successful test teams. Conversely, if these
activities are carried out poorly, even talented individual testers and Test Managers are unlikely to be successful.
The model identifies twelve critical testing processes. CTP is primarily a content reference model.
The CTP model is a context-sensitive approach that allows for tailoring the model including:
Identification of specific challenges
Recognition of attributes of good processes
Selection of the order and importance of implementation of process improvements
The CTP model is adaptable within the context of all software development lifecycle models.
In addition to participant interviews, the CTP model includes the use of metrics to benchmark organizations
against industry averages and best practices.
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Improving the Testing Process with CTP
19. The model identifies twelve critical testing processes which includes:
The value of the Test Team and Process: Good
Alignment of the Test Team with the Organization: Needs Improvement
Test Estimation: Opportunity to Improve
Test Planning: Generally Strong, but regression testing strategy need improvement
Test Team Development: Involving Positively, optimize with directions
Test System Development: Improving
Test Release Management: Excellent
Running Tests: Improving
Reporting Bugs: Inconsistent, present opportunities to improve
Test Results Reporting: Incomplete, inadequate for many stakeholders
Change Management and Bug Triage Process: Needs Improvement
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Improving the Testing Process with CTP
20. Improving the Testing Process
Contents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Test Improvement Process
5.3 Improving the Test Process
5.4 Improving the Test Process with TMMi
5.5 Improving the Test Process with TPI Next
5.6 Improving the Test Process with CTP
5.7 Improving the Test Process with STEP
Neeraj Kumar Singh
21. STEP (Systematic Test and Evaluation Process), like CTP and unlike TMMi and TPI Next, does not require that
improvements occur in a specific order.
STEP is primarily a content reference model which is based upon the idea that testing is a lifecycle activity that
begins during requirements formulation and continues until retirement of the system. The STEP methodology
stresses “test then code" by using a requirements-based testing strategy to ensure that early creation of test cases
validates the requirements specification prior to design and coding.
Basic premises of the methodology include:
A requirements-based testing strategy
Testing starts at the beginning of the lifecycle
Tests are used as requirements and usage models
Testware design leads software design
Defects are detected earlier or prevented altogether
Defects are systematically analyzed
Testers and developers work together
In some cases the STEP assessment model is blended with the TPI Next maturity model
Neeraj Kumar Singh
Improving the Testing Process
Improving the Testing Process with STEP
23. Improving the Testing Process
1 Testing Process 2 Test Management 3 Reviews
Software Testing - ISTQB Advance
Test Manager Exam Preparation
Chapter 5
Neeraj Kumar Singh
4 Defect Management
5 Improving Process 6 Test Tools 7 People Skills
25. 1. Assume that you are a test manager and are working to make your testing processes more effective and
efficient. You have already a management-approved initial budget in place for these process improvements. Last
week, an external consultant completed her assessment and delivered her findings.
Which of the following are the remaining steps for this process improvement effort, assuming you are following the
IDEAL model for process improvement?
Select TWO options.
Answer Set
a. Evaluate the benefits, including the return on investment, from the improvements.
b. Initiate the improvement process across the entire testing organization.
c. Create a plan for selecting and implementing the assessment recommendations.
d. Diagnose the current situation by evaluating the sources of inefficiency.
e. Take steps to move your organization to test process maturity level 5.
Improving the Testing Process
Sample Question
26. 2. Which of the following is an example of achieving an objective for the CTP test process improvement model?
Select ONE option.
Answer Set
a. The test team’s test process maturity level goes from 2 to 3.
b. The test team’s defect detection effectiveness improves above industry averages.
c. The test team’s test process maturity level goes from controlled to efficient.
d. The test team undergoes a critical testing process assessment.
Improving the Testing Process
Sample Question