The document describes the software testing life cycle (STLC) and the V-model, two common approaches to software development and testing. The STLC consists of six phases from test planning to post implementation. It includes activities like test case development, testing, bug fixing, and process evaluation. The V-model mirrors development phases on the left side with corresponding testing phases on the right. It depicts the relationships between development and testing activities at each phase.
The document describes the waterfall model, a sequential software development process where progress flows in one direction from conception to maintenance. It involves requirements gathering, analysis, design, coding, testing, and release/maintenance phases, where each phase must be completed before the next begins. While it provides structure, the waterfall model works best for projects with stable requirements and is not suitable for dynamic or changing requirements.
Iterative model.
Spiral model
RAD(Rapid application development)
model.
Iterative model.
Spiral model
RAD(Rapid application development)
model.
A Water Fall Model is easy to flow.
It can be implemented for any size of project.
Every stage has to be done separately at the right time so you cannot jump stages.
Documentation is produced at every stage of a waterfall model allowing people to understand what has been done.
Testing is done at every stage.
This model was not the first model to discuss iterative development.
As originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years long.
Each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client (who may be internal) reviewing the progress thus far.
Analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project.
This model was not the first model to discuss iterative development.
As originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years long.
Each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client (who may be internal) reviewing the progress thus far.
Analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project.
This model was not the first model to discuss iterative development.
As originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years long.
Each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client (who may be internal) reviewing the progress thus far.
Analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project.
This approach carries less risk than a traditional Waterfall approach but is still far more risky and less efficient than a more Agile approaches.
In Iterative model, iterative process starts with a simple implementation of a small set of the software requirements and iteratively enhances the evolving versions until the complete system is implemented and ready to be deployed.
Iterative model.
Spiral model
RAD(Rapid application development)
model.
The first formal description of the waterfall model is often cited as a 1970 article by Winston W. Royce
Royce did not use the term "waterfall" in this article.
Royce presented this model as an example of a flawed, non-working model.
This presentation is about the one of the system development life cycle i.e Spiral model including its phases, advantages, disadvantages and implementation
The document discusses prototype modeling. A prototype is a preliminary model or version of a final product that is created to test concepts or processes. There are several types of prototyping including throwaway, evolutionary, incremental, and extreme prototyping. The prototype modeling process involves requirements gathering, quick design, building the prototype, customer evaluation, review and updates. Prototypes allow users to provide feedback early in the development process and help reduce costs, time, and risks.
The document discusses the V-model, a sequential software development process where each phase must be completed before the next begins and testing occurs in parallel to development phases. It notes the V-model is simple, allows early defect detection, and works well for small projects with fixed requirements, but is rigid with no early prototypes and changes can require updating many documents. In conclusion, the V-model is best for small-medium projects when requirements are clear and resources are available, but high customer confidence is needed as there is risk with no prototypes.
The document discusses prototype modeling. It defines a prototype as a working model built to test design aspects or concepts. There are different types of prototyping models and processes. Benefits of prototyping include exposing misunderstandings, identifying missing functionality, and encouraging innovation. Potential disadvantages are insufficient analysis if the focus is only on the prototype, user confusion between prototypes and finished systems, and excessive development time.
What is User Acceptance Testing? Also known as UAT or UAT testing.
it's basically, a process of verifying that a solution works for the user.
And the key word here, is user. This is crucial, because they’re the people who will use the software on a daily basis. There are many aspects to consider with respect to software functionality. There’s unit testing, functional testing, integration testing, and system testing, amongst many others.
What Is User Acceptance Testing?
I’ll keep it simple; according to Techopedia, UAT (some people call it UAT testing as well) is:
User acceptance testing (UAT) is the last phase of the software testing process. During UAT, actual software users test the software to make sure it can handle required tasks in real-world scenarios, according to specifications. UAT is one of the final and critical software project procedures that must occur before newly developed software is rolled out to the market.
User acceptance testing (UAT), otherwise known as Beta, Application, or End-User Testing, is often considered the last phase in the web development process, the one before final installation of the software on the client site, or final distribution of it.
The Waterfall Model is a sequential software development process where progress flows in one direction from one phase to the next. It has six distinct phases: requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, installation, and maintenance. While it allows for clear progress tracking, it does not allow for reflection or revision and can be inaccurate in estimating costs. The Waterfall Model works best for stable projects where requirements are clearly defined upfront but is not well-suited for complex, integrated projects with a high proportion of reuse.
Tiara Ramadhani - Program Studi S1 Sistem Informasi - Fakultas Sains dan Tekn...
Tugas ini di buat untuk memenuhi salah satu tugas mata kuliah pada Program Studi S1 Sistem Informasi.
Oleh ;
Nama : Tiara Ramadhani.
NIM ; 11453201723
SIF VII E
UIN SUSKA RIAU
The document compares the waterfall model and prototype model of software development. The waterfall model is a sequential process with distinct phases from conception to maintenance. It is simple but inflexible. The prototype model builds throwaway prototypes to understand requirements, allowing for user feedback and flexibility but potentially increasing complexity. Each model suits different types of projects based on requirements certainty, resources, and need for user interaction.
Fundamental test process (TESTING IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEM)
In this section, we will describe the fundamental test process and activities. These start with test planning and continue through to test closure. For each part of the test process, we'll discuss the main tasks of each test activity.
Putri Nadya Fazri.
Program Studi S1 Sistem Informasi.
Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi.
Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
Rapid Application Development (RAD) is an agile software development methodology that focuses on rapid prototyping through workshops and iterative testing with customers. It involves business modeling to identify information flows, data modeling to define necessary data objects, and process modeling to convert data objects into business processes. Automated tools are then used to generate code from the models. The RAD model aims to reduce development time through reusability, early customer feedback, and short iteration cycles enabled by powerful modeling and code generation tools. However, it relies on strong individual performances, is only suitable for modularized systems, and requires high modeling and development skills.
The document discusses the V-model of the system development life cycle (SDLC). It begins by defining the SDLC as a structured process or framework for developing software. It then describes the key phases of the V-model - requirements analysis, design, implementation, unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing. Each phase in the development process (left side of the V) has a corresponding testing phase (right side of the V) to validate the work. The V-model aims to ensure quality at each stage and prevent defects from propagating through the lifecycle.
The spiral model is an iterative software development process that combines elements of both prototyping and waterfall models. It involves iterating through phases of planning, risk analysis, engineering, and evaluation. During each iteration, the software is developed through a linear process, then evaluated by the customer to provide feedback for the next iteration. An example is the evolution of Microsoft Windows from version 3.1 through 2003.
Agile testing is a software testing practice that follows the principles of agile software development. In agile testing, testing is continuous and occurs throughout the development process rather than as a separate phase. All team members, including developers and business analysts, are involved in testing. Feedback is provided frequently in short iterations to quickly adapt to changing requirements. This allows issues to be identified and addressed earlier compared to traditional waterfall development models.
The document describes the waterfall model, a sequential software development process where progress flows in one direction from conception to maintenance. It involves requirements gathering, analysis, design, coding, testing, and release/maintenance phases, where each phase must be completed before the next begins. While it provides structure, the waterfall model works best for projects with stable requirements and is not suitable for dynamic or changing requirements.
Iterative model.
Spiral model
RAD(Rapid application development)
model.
Iterative model.
Spiral model
RAD(Rapid application development)
model.
A Water Fall Model is easy to flow.
It can be implemented for any size of project.
Every stage has to be done separately at the right time so you cannot jump stages.
Documentation is produced at every stage of a waterfall model allowing people to understand what has been done.
Testing is done at every stage.
This model was not the first model to discuss iterative development.
As originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years long.
Each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client (who may be internal) reviewing the progress thus far.
Analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project.
This model was not the first model to discuss iterative development.
As originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years long.
Each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client (who may be internal) reviewing the progress thus far.
Analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project.
This model was not the first model to discuss iterative development.
As originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years long.
Each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client (who may be internal) reviewing the progress thus far.
Analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project.
This approach carries less risk than a traditional Waterfall approach but is still far more risky and less efficient than a more Agile approaches.
In Iterative model, iterative process starts with a simple implementation of a small set of the software requirements and iteratively enhances the evolving versions until the complete system is implemented and ready to be deployed.
Iterative model.
Spiral model
RAD(Rapid application development)
model.
The first formal description of the waterfall model is often cited as a 1970 article by Winston W. Royce
Royce did not use the term "waterfall" in this article.
Royce presented this model as an example of a flawed, non-working model.
Spiral model : System analysis and designMitul Desai
This presentation is about the one of the system development life cycle i.e Spiral model including its phases, advantages, disadvantages and implementation
The document discusses prototype modeling. A prototype is a preliminary model or version of a final product that is created to test concepts or processes. There are several types of prototyping including throwaway, evolutionary, incremental, and extreme prototyping. The prototype modeling process involves requirements gathering, quick design, building the prototype, customer evaluation, review and updates. Prototypes allow users to provide feedback early in the development process and help reduce costs, time, and risks.
The document discusses the V-model, a sequential software development process where each phase must be completed before the next begins and testing occurs in parallel to development phases. It notes the V-model is simple, allows early defect detection, and works well for small projects with fixed requirements, but is rigid with no early prototypes and changes can require updating many documents. In conclusion, the V-model is best for small-medium projects when requirements are clear and resources are available, but high customer confidence is needed as there is risk with no prototypes.
The document discusses prototype modeling. It defines a prototype as a working model built to test design aspects or concepts. There are different types of prototyping models and processes. Benefits of prototyping include exposing misunderstandings, identifying missing functionality, and encouraging innovation. Potential disadvantages are insufficient analysis if the focus is only on the prototype, user confusion between prototypes and finished systems, and excessive development time.
An Overview of User Acceptance Testing (UAT)Usersnap
What is User Acceptance Testing? Also known as UAT or UAT testing.
it's basically, a process of verifying that a solution works for the user.
And the key word here, is user. This is crucial, because they’re the people who will use the software on a daily basis. There are many aspects to consider with respect to software functionality. There’s unit testing, functional testing, integration testing, and system testing, amongst many others.
What Is User Acceptance Testing?
I’ll keep it simple; according to Techopedia, UAT (some people call it UAT testing as well) is:
User acceptance testing (UAT) is the last phase of the software testing process. During UAT, actual software users test the software to make sure it can handle required tasks in real-world scenarios, according to specifications. UAT is one of the final and critical software project procedures that must occur before newly developed software is rolled out to the market.
User acceptance testing (UAT), otherwise known as Beta, Application, or End-User Testing, is often considered the last phase in the web development process, the one before final installation of the software on the client site, or final distribution of it.
The Waterfall Model is a sequential software development process where progress flows in one direction from one phase to the next. It has six distinct phases: requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, installation, and maintenance. While it allows for clear progress tracking, it does not allow for reflection or revision and can be inaccurate in estimating costs. The Waterfall Model works best for stable projects where requirements are clearly defined upfront but is not well-suited for complex, integrated projects with a high proportion of reuse.
Tiara Ramadhani - Program Studi S1 Sistem Informasi - Fakultas Sains dan Tekn...Tiara Ramadhani
Tugas ini di buat untuk memenuhi salah satu tugas mata kuliah pada Program Studi S1 Sistem Informasi.
Oleh ;
Nama : Tiara Ramadhani.
NIM ; 11453201723
SIF VII E
UIN SUSKA RIAU
Comparison of waterfall model and prototype modelShubham Agrawal
The document compares the waterfall model and prototype model of software development. The waterfall model is a sequential process with distinct phases from conception to maintenance. It is simple but inflexible. The prototype model builds throwaway prototypes to understand requirements, allowing for user feedback and flexibility but potentially increasing complexity. Each model suits different types of projects based on requirements certainty, resources, and need for user interaction.
Fundamental test process (TESTING IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEM)Putri nadya Fazri
In this section, we will describe the fundamental test process and activities. These start with test planning and continue through to test closure. For each part of the test process, we'll discuss the main tasks of each test activity.
Putri Nadya Fazri.
Program Studi S1 Sistem Informasi.
Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi.
Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
Rapid Application Development (RAD) is an agile software development methodology that focuses on rapid prototyping through workshops and iterative testing with customers. It involves business modeling to identify information flows, data modeling to define necessary data objects, and process modeling to convert data objects into business processes. Automated tools are then used to generate code from the models. The RAD model aims to reduce development time through reusability, early customer feedback, and short iteration cycles enabled by powerful modeling and code generation tools. However, it relies on strong individual performances, is only suitable for modularized systems, and requires high modeling and development skills.
The document discusses two software development life cycle (SDLC) models: the waterfall model and the spiral model. The waterfall model is a sequential design process where each phase must be completed before the next can begin. It is simple but not suitable for complex or long-term projects where requirements may change. The spiral model is an iterative approach that allows for incremental releases and refinement through each cycle. It focuses on risk evaluation and is well-suited to large, expensive projects with changing needs.
The document discusses the phases of the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC). It begins by introducing the group members and defining software testing as a process to find bugs by executing a program. It then outlines the six main phases of the STLC: 1) Requirements analysis to understand requirements and identify test cases, 2) Test planning to create test plans and strategies, 3) Test case development to write test cases and scripts, 4) Environment setup to prepare the test environment, 5) Test execution and bug reporting to run tests and log defects, and 6) Test cycle closure to review testing artifacts and lessons learned. Each phase is described in 1-2 sentences with its activities, deliverables, and examples provided.
The V-model is a software development lifecycle framework where each phase of development (requirements, design, implementation, testing) has a corresponding testing phase that validates the product. The V-model is best for small to medium projects with clearly defined requirements, and allows testing activities to start early by planning tests before coding begins. Key phases include requirements analysis, system design, module design and coding, unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing.
This document outlines the "V" model approach to system development. It discusses the key stages of the "V" model including requirements elicitation, system design, and testing phases. It provides an illustration of the "V" model workflow. The document also covers advantages of the "V" model like defined goals for each phase and early test planning. Disadvantages discussed are difficulty changing requirements late and limitations for complex projects. Finally, it provides examples comparing the suitability of the "V" and waterfall models for different problem scenarios.
The document presents information on the Spiral Model software development process. It discusses that the Spiral Model combines elements of the prototype model and waterfall model. It involves dividing the process into task regions like customer communication, planning, risk analysis, engineering, and construction. Each task region results in further refinement through iterations of the spiral. The Spiral Model allows for risk analysis and adding new features throughout the process.
The document describes the key stages of the software testing life cycle (STLC), including contract signing, requirement analysis, test planning, test development, test execution, defect reporting, and product delivery. It provides details on the processes, documents, and activities involved in each stage. Risk analysis and bug/defect management processes are also summarized. Various test metrics and bug tracking tools that can be used are listed.
The document discusses prototyping, including defining it as quickly creating a working model to test design aspects and gather early user feedback. It outlines the prototyping process of identifying basic requirements, developing an initial prototype, reviewing it with users, and revising/enhancing it based on feedback in iterative cycles. The advantages of prototyping are reducing development time and costs while improving user involvement and satisfaction. Disadvantages include potential lack of requirements documentation and uncertain designs from frequent changes.
The spiral model is a software development process that combines elements of both design and prototyping-centric models. It involves iterating through four phases - planning, risk analysis, engineering, and evaluation - with each iteration intended to incrementally approach completion of the project. The spiral model aims to reduce risk at each phase by gathering user feedback and requirements and addressing risks before proceeding. It is suited for large, complex projects where requirements are not fully known. An example is a project creating a video mail system for illiterate users through iterative user testing and feedback.
The document discusses the spiral model of software development. The spiral model is an iterative approach that combines prototyping and aspects of the waterfall model. It was defined by Barry Boehm in 1988 as a way to address risks through iterative evaluation and improvement of prototypes. The spiral model is best for medium to high risk projects where requirements are complex or expected to change. It involves evaluating prototypes, defining new prototypes based on learnings, and repeating this process until the final product is delivered.
The document discusses the prototype model in software development. It defines a prototype model as building a working prototype of the system before full development to allow users to evaluate proposals. The key steps are requirements analysis, quick design, building the prototype, getting customer evaluation and feedback, and refining the prototype iteratively until the user is satisfied. Prototype models have advantages like early assessment, clarifying requirements, and ensuring user requirements are met. However, they can also be time-consuming and expensive if multiple prototypes are needed before finding the perfect fit.
The document describes the waterfall model of software development. It begins by listing the presenters and defining sequential and incremental software development models. It then discusses the waterfall model in more detail, describing it as a linear sequential process where each phase must be completed before the next begins. The document outlines the history, use cases, diagram, phases and advantages/disadvantages of the waterfall model.
The document discusses the prototyping model of software development. It describes prototyping as building a toy or crude initial version of the software to get early user feedback before developing the actual system. The key steps are requirements gathering, quick design, building the prototype, user evaluation and refinement, then iterative development and engineering of the final product. Advantages include early user assessment, gaining insight, and clarifying requirements. Disadvantages include the potential for increased time/costs if multiple prototypes are needed and losing focus on quality.
The document outlines the key phases of the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) process. It describes 6 phases: 1) Requirement Analysis/Review to understand requirements, 2) Test Planning to develop the test plan, 3) Test Designing to create test cases and scripts, 4) Test Environment Setup to prepare the test environment, 5) Test Execution to run the test cases and report bugs, and 6) Test Closure to finalize testing and complete documentation. The goal of STLC is to systematically test software through a planned process to improve quality.
QACampus, a renowned software testing training institute where testing experts are engaged in developing the skills of aspiring testers. A detailed knowledge of software testing life cycle with practical approaches of test and automation tools implementation is provided during training. This effective knowledge is helpful for a great testing career of students.
The document describes the software quality assurance process used by a company. It involves initial project planning, requirements analysis, development, testing of individual modules by developers and testers, integration testing, testing for compatibility, load, and system testing, and finally release after test report approval. Testing of existing vendor products includes peer reviews, validation, data-driven, load, compatibility, and usability testing. Testing new systems developed from scratch includes requirements, test strategy, traceability, cases, risks, tools, resources, schedule, deliverables, defect tracking, and approval processes.
This document discusses different process models used in software development. It describes the key phases and characteristics of several common process models including waterfall, prototyping, V-model, incremental, iterative, spiral and agile development models. The waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance without iteration. Prototyping allows for user feedback earlier. The V-model adds verification and validation phases. Incremental and iterative models divide the work into smaller chunks to allow for iteration and user feedback throughout development.
The document discusses the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), outlining its main phases: planning, requirements analysis, feasibility study, system design, development/coding, system testing, implementation, and maintenance. It provides details on each phase, explaining their key activities and purposes. The SDLC is presented as a process used by systems analysts to develop information systems according to requirements, while ensuring quality, on-time and on-budget completion, effective performance, and cost-efficient maintenance.
This document provides information about obtaining fully solved assignments from an assignment help service. It lists the email and phone contact information and requests students to send their semester and specialization to receive help with assignments. It also lists some of the programs and subjects that assignments are available for, including MBADS, MBAFLEX, MBAN2, and PGDISMN.
Software Testing Life Cycle – A Beginner’s GuideSyed Hassan Raza
Software Testing Life Cycle refers to 6 phases of the software testing process. Learn about each phase of STLC in-depth in our article. (Source: https://www.goodcore.co.uk/blog/software-testing-life-cycle/)
The document discusses the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) process. There are 6 major phases in the STLC model: requirement analysis, test planning, test case development, test environment setup, test execution, and test closure activities. The goal of the STLC is to ensure software quality goals are met by conducting a sequence of testing activities. Key steps include understanding requirements, creating test plans and cases, setting up testing environments, executing tests, and closing out testing upon product delivery.
The document discusses systems analysis and design and the software development life cycle (SDLC). It defines key terms like system, analysis, and design. It then describes the various phases of the SDLC in detail, including definition, development, and maintenance phases. It also discusses different SDLC methodologies like waterfall, spiral, incremental, and agile models. Finally, it explains the V-model for testing in the SDLC and mapping testing phases to development phases.
Tester is involved throughout the software development lifecycle (SDLC). Their main responsibilities include:
1. Conducting requirement analysis in the requirements phase and use case analysis in the design phase.
2. Developing test cases and scripts in the development phase and finalizing the test plan.
3. Conducting various types of tests like unit, integration, system and user acceptance testing in the testing phase and maintaining test logs and reports.
4. Preparing training documentation and lessons learned reports to help with deployment in the deployment phase and testing production issues in the support phase.
The document provides details for performing a system analysis for a software engineering project. It outlines the following steps:
1. Introduction including purpose, intended audience, project scope.
2. Overall description of the product including perspective, features, user classes, operating environment, and design/implementation constraints.
3. Functional requirements organized by user class/feature including descriptions, conditions, business rules.
4. External interface requirements including user interfaces, hardware interfaces, software interfaces, communications interfaces.
5. System features including reliability, security, performance, supportability, design constraints.
The document specifies requirements for a software engineering project and provides guidance on performing requirement analysis and developing a software requirements specification (SR
Black-box testing views the program as a black box without seeing code. White-box testing examines internal structure. Gray-box combines black-box and knowledge of database validation. Test scripts are sets of automated instructions. Test suites are collections of test cases or scripts. Stress testing subjects a system to unreasonable loads to find breaking points while load testing uses representative loads.
This document provides an overview of software development lifecycles and testing. It discusses the typical phases of the SDLC, including planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. It describes two common SDLC methodologies: the waterfall model and agile/scrum model. It also defines different types of testing like static vs dynamic, verification vs validation, functional testing, regression testing, and smoke testing. Finally, it provides details on unit, integration, system, and user acceptance testing.
The document outlines the software development lifecycle from requirements analysis through validation. It describes the key phases and outputs, including gathering requirements, system design, architecture design, module design, and validation phases like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing. Validation phases have corresponding stages in the lifecycle where test plans are developed to eliminate bugs and ensure requirements are met.
The document describes the phases of the software testing life cycle (STLC), which includes requirement, planning, analysis, design, implementation, execution, conclusion, and closure phases. Each phase has specific goals and deliverables. The requirement phase involves analyzing requirements to determine testability. The planning phase identifies testing activities, resources, and metrics. The analysis phase defines what to test by identifying test conditions. The design phase defines how to test by detailing test conditions and creating test data. The implementation phase involves creating and reviewing test cases. The execution phase runs the test cases and logs any defects. The conclusion phase focuses on reporting and exit criteria. The closure phase verifies all testing is complete and identifies lessons learned.
The document provides a complete interview preparation guide for software quality assurance engineers seeking both manual and automation roles. It covers fundamental SQA topics like the SDLC, testing documents, testing methods and techniques. It also includes chapters on agile methodology, database concepts, API testing, Selenium automation, JMeter load testing, and aptitude questions. The guide is intended to be a comprehensive reference that candidates can print and refer to while learning and practicing technical skills.
This document discusses the software testing life cycle (STLC). The STLC is a systematic process that follows a series of phases to ensure software quality. It aims to identify defects early. The main phases discussed are test planning, test case development, test execution, and test closure. A test plan is a key document that describes testing areas and activities. It outlines the test strategy, objectives, schedule, resources, and deliverables. The test plan serves as a guide for testing and helps determine timelines, estimate resources, and avoid issues.
Software testing is an important phase of the software development process that evaluates the functionality and quality of a software application. It involves executing a program or system with the intent of finding errors. Some key points:
- Software testing is needed to identify defects, ensure customer satisfaction, and deliver high quality products with lower maintenance costs.
- It is important for different stakeholders like developers, testers, managers, and end users to work together throughout the testing process.
- There are various types of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and different methodologies like manual and automated testing. Proper documentation is also important.
- Testing helps improve the overall quality of software but can never prove that there
The document discusses several software engineering process models. It begins by defining a generic process model with five framework activities: communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. It then describes different types of process flows (linear, iterative, evolutionary, parallel). Next, it discusses prescriptive process models in more detail, including the waterfall model, incremental process models, and evolutionary models like prototyping and spiral. For each model, it provides an overview and highlights advantages and disadvantages.
Principles of Roods Approach!!!!!!!.pptxibtesaam huma
Principles of Rood’s Approach
Treatment technique used in physiotherapy for neurological patients which aids them to recover and improve quality of life
Facilitatory techniques
Inhibitory techniques
AI Risk Management: ISO/IEC 42001, the EU AI Act, and ISO/IEC 23894PECB
As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, understanding the complexities and regulations regarding AI risk management is more crucial than ever.
Amongst others, the webinar covers:
• ISO/IEC 42001 standard, which provides guidelines for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving AI management systems within organizations
• insights into the European Union's landmark legislative proposal aimed at regulating AI
• framework and methodologies prescribed by ISO/IEC 23894 for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with AI systems
Presenters:
Miriama Podskubova - Attorney at Law
Miriama is a seasoned lawyer with over a decade of experience. She specializes in commercial law, focusing on transactions, venture capital investments, IT, digital law, and cybersecurity, areas she was drawn to through her legal practice. Alongside preparing contract and project documentation, she ensures the correct interpretation and application of European legal regulations in these fields. Beyond client projects, she frequently speaks at conferences on cybersecurity, online privacy protection, and the increasingly pertinent topic of AI regulation. As a registered advocate of Slovak bar, certified data privacy professional in the European Union (CIPP/e) and a member of the international association ELA, she helps both tech-focused startups and entrepreneurs, as well as international chains, to properly set up their business operations.
Callum Wright - Founder and Lead Consultant Founder and Lead Consultant
Callum Wright is a seasoned cybersecurity, privacy and AI governance expert. With over a decade of experience, he has dedicated his career to protecting digital assets, ensuring data privacy, and establishing ethical AI governance frameworks. His diverse background includes significant roles in security architecture, AI governance, risk consulting, and privacy management across various industries, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: June 26, 2024
Tags: ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, EU AI Act, ISO/IEC 23894
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Training: ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
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How to Configure Time Off Types in Odoo 17Celine George
Now we can take look into how to configure time off types in odoo 17 through this slide. Time-off types are used to grant or request different types of leave. Only then the authorities will have a clear view or a clear understanding of what kind of leave the employee is taking.
How to Show Sample Data in Tree and Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo 17, sample data serves as a valuable resource for users seeking to familiarize themselves with the functionalities and capabilities of the software prior to integrating their own information. In this slide we are going to discuss about how to show sample data to a tree view and a kanban view.
The membership Module in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
Some business organizations give membership to their customers to ensure the long term relationship with those customers. If the customer is a member of the business then they get special offers and other benefits. The membership module in odoo 17 is helpful to manage everything related to the membership of multiple customers.
How to Store Data on the Odoo 17 WebsiteCeline George
Here we are going to discuss how to store data in Odoo 17 Website.
It includes defining a model with few fields in it. Add demo data into the model using data directory. Also using a controller, pass the values into the template while rendering it and display the values in the website.
3. INTRODUCTION Software testing life cycle identifies what test activities to carry out and when (what is the best time) to accomplish those test activities. Even though testing differs between organizations, there is a testing life cycle. Software testing has its own life cycle that intersects with every stage of the SDLC. The basic requirements in software testing life cycle is to control/deal with software testing – Manual, Automated and Performance.
4. STLC CYCLE Software Testing Life Cycle consists of six (generic) phases: Test Planning, Test Analysis Test Design Construction and verification Testing Cycles Final Testing and Implementation and Post Implementation.
5. FLOW DIAGRAM TEST PLANNING FINAL TESTING & IMPLEMENTATION TESTING CYCLES CONSTRUCTION & VERIFICATION TEST DESIGN TEST ANALYSIS POST IMPLEMENTATION E S S – Start E - End
6. This is the phase where Project Manager has to decide what things need to be tested, do I have the appropriate budget etc. Naturally proper planning at this stage would greatly reduce the risk of low quality software. This planning will be an ongoing process with no end point. Activities at this stage would include preparation of high level test plan-(according to IEEE test plan template The Software Test Plan (STP) is designed to prescribe the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of all testing activities. The plan must identify the items to be tested, the features to be tested, the types of testing to be performed, the personnel responsible for testing, the resources and schedule required to complete testing, and the risks associated with the plan.). Almost all of the activities done during this stage are included in this software test plan and revolve around a test plan. Test Planning
7. Once test plan is made and decided upon, next step is to delve little more into the project and decide what types of testing should be carried out at different stages of SDLC, do we need or plan to automate, if yes then when the appropriate time to automate is, what type of specific documentation I need for testing. Proper and regular meetings should be held between testing teams, project managers, development teams, Business Analysts to check the progress of things which will give a fair idea of the movement of the project and ensure the completeness of the test plan created in the planning phase, which will further help in enhancing the right testing strategy created earlier. We will start creating test case formats and test cases itself. In this stage we need to develop Functional validation matrix based on Business Requirements to ensure that all system requirements are covered by one or more test cases, identify which test cases to automate, begin review of documentation, i.e. Functional Design, Business Requirements, Product Specifications, Product Externals etc. We also have to define areas for Stress and Performance testing. Test Analysis
8. Test plans and cases which were developed in the analysis phase are revised. Functional validation matrix is also revised and finalized. In this stage risk assessment criteria is developed. If you have thought of automation then you have to select which test cases to automate and begin writing scripts for them. Test data is prepared. Standards for unit testing and pass / fail criteria are defined here. Schedule for testing is revised (if necessary) & finalized and test environment is prepared. Test design
9. In this phase we have to complete all the test plans, test cases, complete the scripting of the automated test cases, Stress and Performance testing plans needs to be completed. We have to support the development team in their unit testing phase. And obviously bug reporting would be done as when the bugs are found. Integration tests are performed and errors (if any) are reported. Construction and verification
10. In this phase we have to complete testing cycles until test cases are executed without errors or a predefined condition is reached. Run test cases --> Report Bugs --> revise test cases (if needed) --> add new test cases (if needed) --> bug fixing --> retesting (test cycle 2, test cycle 3….). Testing cycles
11. In this we have to execute remaining stress and performance test cases, documentation for testing is completed / updated, provide and complete different matrices for testing. Acceptance, load and recovery testing will also be conducted and the application needs to be verified under production conditions. Final testing and implementation
12. In this phase, the testing process is evaluated and lessons learnt from that testing process are documented. Line of attack to prevent similar problems in future projects is identified. Create plans to improve the processes. The recording of new errors and enhancements is an ongoing process. Cleaning up of test environment is done and test machines are restored to base lines in this stage Post implementation
13. ACTIVITIES AND outcome Plan for improvement of testing process Evaluate testing processes Post implementation Test results and different metrics on test efforts execute remaining stress and performance tests, complete documentation Final testing Test results, Bug Reports complete testing cycles Testing cycles test procedures/Scripts, Drivers, test results, Bug reports. scripting of test cases to automate, Construction revised test cases, test data sets, sets, risk assessment sheet test cases are revised; select which test cases to automate Design Revised Test Plan, Functional validation matrix, test cases Create detailed test plan, Functional Validation Matrix, test cases Analysis Test plan, Refined Specification Create high level test plan Planning Outcome Activities Phase Software Testing Life Cycle
15. V Model is one of the SDLC Methodologies. In this methodology Development and Testing takes place at the same time with the same kind of information in their hands. Typical V shows Development Phases on the Left hand side and Testing Phases on the Right hand side. Development Team follow Do-Procedure to achieve the goals of the company and Testing Team follow check-Procedure to verify them. OVERVIEW
16. The V-model is a software development model which can be presumed to be the extension of the waterfall model. Instead of moving down in a linear way, the process steps are bent upwards after the coding phase, to form the typical V shape. The V-Model demonstrates the relationships between each phase of the development life cycle and its associated phase of testing. ABOUT V-MODEL
19. In this phase, the requirements of the proposed system are collected by analyzing the needs of the user(s). phase is concerned about establishing what the ideal system has to perform. However, it does not determine how the software will be designed or built. Usually, the users are interviewed and a document called the user requirements document is generated. The user requirements document will typically describe the systems functional, physical, interface, performance , data, security requirements etc as expected by the user. It is one which the business analysts use to communicate their understanding of the system back to the users. The users carefully review this document as this document would serve as the guideline for the system designers in the system design phase. The user acceptance tests are designed in this phase. Requirement analysis
20. System engineers analyze and understand the business of the proposed system by studying the user requirements document. They figure out possibilities and techniques by which the user requirements can be implemented. If any of the requirements are not feasible, the user is informed of the issue. A resolution is found and the user requirement document is edited accordingly. The software specification document which serves as a blueprint for the development phase is generated. This document contains the general system organization, menu structures, data structures etc. It may also hold example business scenarios, sample windows, reports for the better understanding. Other technical documentation like entity diagrams, data dictionary will also be produced in this phase. The documents for system testing is prepared in this phase. System design
21. This phase can also be called as high-level design. The baseline in selecting the architecture is that it should realize all which typically consists of the list of modules, brief functionality of each module, their interface relationships, dependencies, database tables, architecture diagrams, technology details etc. The integration testing design is carried out in this phase. Architecture design
22. This phase can also be called as low-level design. The designed system is broken up in to smaller units or modules and each of them is explained so that the programmer can start coding directly. The low level design document or program specifications will contain a detailed functional logic of the module, in pseudocode - database tables, with all elements, including their type and size - all interface details with complete API references- all dependency issues- error message listings- complete input and outputs for a module. The unit test design is developed in this stage. Module design