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9 votes
5 answers
61k views

Why would an object appear a different size when in water?

A friend of mine has a homework question and we're having some trouble figuring out what physical mechanisms come into play for this. An underwater swimmer sees a spherical air bubble that appears ...
user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
34k views

How to determine the radius of curvature of a convex lens?

Suppose there is an equi-convex lens made of glass which has a focal length ($f$) of 30cm. Then, can we not say that the radius of curvature, $R$ of the lens is twice the focal length, i.e. $R = 60cm$?...
agdhruv's user avatar
  • 185
4 votes
2 answers
14k views

Why do we have minimum deviation angle in a Prism?

why do we have minimum deviation angle in a prism? I mean why does the angle of emergence first decreases, attains a minimum value and then increases.why?
Pushkar Soni's user avatar
4 votes
2 answers
1k views

Determining the refractive index of a foil

(59th Polish Olympiad in Physics, final stage, experimental part, 2010) You have at your disposal: a sample of blue foil of a homogeneous material, placed between two glass panes in a slide ...
marmistrz's user avatar
  • 567
4 votes
1 answer
62 views

Path of sound in ocean where sound speed varies linearly with depth

In an ocean, described with $x-y$ Cartesian coordinates where $y=0$ on the sea bed, the sound speed varies linearly with $y$: $$v(y)=c+by$$ A textbook says that, if sound wave is emitted on the sea ...
Szeto's user avatar
  • 203
4 votes
1 answer
395 views

Fermat's principle in exponential refraction [closed]

Determine path light will travel in a index of refraction described as $n(y)=1+be^{-ry}$. Let the light start off at the origin (0,0) and go to the point (L,0). Determine the equation that must be ...
Kirin171's user avatar
4 votes
2 answers
132 views

Time taken to reach from one point to another in refraction [closed]

According to Fermat's principle, path taken between two points by a ray of light is the path that can be traversed in the least time. Suppose the source of light is point $(x_1, y_1)$ and speed of ...
eager's user avatar
  • 51
3 votes
4 answers
5k views

A lens inside a liquid is not visible. Why? [closed]

Are lenses inside liquid water invisible?
Cynthia's user avatar
  • 71
3 votes
4 answers
643 views

Refraction of light through a slab of variable refractive index

Here I am posting a question of Jee Adv. 2023 based on refraction. A monochromatic light wave is incident normally on a glass slab of thickness 𝑑, as shown in the figure. The refractive index of the ...
Govind Prajapat's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
201 views

(How) can one use the concept of apparent depth to solve this ray-refraction problem?

I was solving the following question: An observer can see through a small hole on the side of a jar (radius 15 cm) at a point at height of 15 cm from the bottom (see figure). The hole is at a height ...
Ayush Kshitij's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
239 views

When are the reflectance R and the transmittance T equal to each other at normal incidence?

Really struggling with this one. Under what conditions would the reflectance R and the transmittance T be equal to each other at normal incidence at an interface? What would be the values of R and T ...
user55646's user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
353 views

Question about a specific geometrical optics/Fermat's principle problem and it's given solution

I'm studying the following question P119 On a spherical planet, the refractive index of the atmosphere, as a function of altitude $h$ above the surface, varies according to the formula $$n(h) = \frac{...
user35013's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
1k views

Apparent depth and the viewing angle [closed]

Does the viewing angle of a person observing a coin placed in a bucket of water affect the apparent depth in any way?
Artemisia's user avatar
  • 748
2 votes
1 answer
2k views

Determining the path of a light ray

Let's consider a ray in the plane $xy$. Let the refractive index be defined in any point of the plane with the function $n(x,y)$. In time $t=0$ the ray is located in coordinates $(x_0, y_0)$ and its ...
marmistrz's user avatar
  • 567
2 votes
3 answers
1k views

Problem on apparent height of postage stamp underneath paperweight

A postage stamp is placed on a surface and a glass cube of refractive index $1.5$ is placed over it. When observed through the cube, the stamp appears at a height of $1.5cm$ from the bottom of the ...
Gerard's user avatar
  • 2,780

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