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9 votes
5 answers
61k views

Why would an object appear a different size when in water?

A friend of mine has a homework question and we're having some trouble figuring out what physical mechanisms come into play for this. An underwater swimmer sees a spherical air bubble that appears ...
user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
2k views

Determining the path of a light ray

Let's consider a ray in the plane $xy$. Let the refractive index be defined in any point of the plane with the function $n(x,y)$. In time $t=0$ the ray is located in coordinates $(x_0, y_0)$ and its ...
marmistrz's user avatar
  • 567
4 votes
2 answers
1k views

Determining the refractive index of a foil

(59th Polish Olympiad in Physics, final stage, experimental part, 2010) You have at your disposal: a sample of blue foil of a homogeneous material, placed between two glass panes in a slide ...
marmistrz's user avatar
  • 567
4 votes
2 answers
14k views

Why do we have minimum deviation angle in a Prism?

why do we have minimum deviation angle in a prism? I mean why does the angle of emergence first decreases, attains a minimum value and then increases.why?
Pushkar Soni's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
1k views

Apparent depth and the viewing angle [closed]

Does the viewing angle of a person observing a coin placed in a bucket of water affect the apparent depth in any way?
Artemisia's user avatar
  • 748
2 votes
1 answer
3k views

Path of a light ray in a medium of varying refractive index [closed]

How do we get the equation for the path of a light ray in a medium of varying refractive index. I can draw a rough sketch, but don't know how do we get the exact curve. I encountered this while ...
Sudhanshu's user avatar
  • 117
0 votes
1 answer
2k views

Equations of Fermat's principle/Snell's law in a gradient lens (sugar aquarium)

I'm trying to animate a beam of light inside a substance with gradient index of refraction as a function of y. A good example of that is a syrup inside an aquarium like here https://www.youtube.com/...
Ralnor's user avatar
  • 59
3 votes
4 answers
643 views

Refraction of light through a slab of variable refractive index

Here I am posting a question of Jee Adv. 2023 based on refraction. A monochromatic light wave is incident normally on a glass slab of thickness đť‘‘, as shown in the figure. The refractive index of the ...
Govind Prajapat's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
201 views

(How) can one use the concept of apparent depth to solve this ray-refraction problem?

I was solving the following question: An observer can see through a small hole on the side of a jar (radius 15 cm) at a point at height of 15 cm from the bottom (see figure). The hole is at a height ...
Ayush Kshitij's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
908 views

How to graphically determine equivalent focal length of two thin lenses?

Suppose we have the schematic above. The first lens has a focal length of 80mm and the second one has a focal length of 60mm, and both are biconvex. My job is to determine, graphically the equivalent ...
Bidon's user avatar
  • 637
2 votes
1 answer
3k views

Derivation for optical path length and the origins of the formula

So I've learnt that the formula for optical path length is $OPL = ns$, where $n$ is refractive index of the medium and $s$ is its geometrical length, the problem is i cant really get around this ...
Critac Arpol's user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
5k views

Which of the following phenomena are responsible for rainbows?

Which of the following phenomena of light are responsible for the formation of a rainbow? 1) reflection, refraction, dispersion 2) refraction, dispersion, total internal reflection 3) ...
Dora's user avatar
  • 139
-1 votes
2 answers
705 views

Apparent depth is supposed to be independent of viewing angle but this seems inconsistent with critical angle refraction

When rays from the object at some depth are draw so as to be incident at the critical angle (or some angle just lower) the ray is refracted along the surface. Retracing this line would give you an ...
Amit Reddy's user avatar