This presentation provides an overview of vSAN components and fault tolerance methods. It discusses how vSAN objects are divided into components that are placed across hosts. It covers the different states components can be in, such as active, degraded, absent, and how resync, rebuild, repair, and reconfiguration processes work. It also explains how vSAN uses voting and quorum to determine which cluster partition remains available in a network partition scenario.
VMware NSX provides a platform for deployment of software-defined network (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) services across physical network devices in a way that is analogous to server virtualization.
Deploying CloudStack and Ceph with flexible VXLAN and BGP networking
1) The document discusses using VXLAN, BGP and EVPN to implement a layer 3 network for a cloud deployment using Ceph and CloudStack. This allows scaling beyond the limits of layer 2 networks and VLANs.
2) Key infrastructure components discussed include Dell S5232F-ON switches running Cumulus Linux, SuperMicro hypervisors and Ceph storage servers using NVMe SSDs.
3) The deployment provides high performance private and public cloud infrastructure with scalable networking and over 650TB of reliable Ceph storage per rack.
VMware ESXi - Intel and Qlogic NIC throughput difference v0.6
We are observing different network throughputs on Intel X710 NICs and QLogic FastLinQ QL41xxx NIC. ESXi hardware supports NIC hardware offloading and queueing on 10Gb, 25Gb, 40Gb and 100Gb NIC adapters. Multiple hardware queues per NIC interface (vmnic) and multiple software threads on ESXi VMkernel is depicted and documented in this paper which may or may not be the root cause of the observed problem. The key objective of this document is to clearly document and collect NIC information on two specific Network Adapters and do a comparison to find the difference or at least root cause hypothesis for further troubleshooting.
1. A distributed switch functions as a single virtual switch across all associated hosts and is configured in vCenter Server at the data center level. It consists of a control plane in vCenter Server and I/O planes in the VMkernel of each ESXi host.
2. Key components of a distributed switch include distributed ports, uplinks, and port groups. Distributed ports can connect VMs or VMkernel interfaces. Uplinks associate physical NICs across hosts. Port groups define connection configurations.
3. Configuring a distributed switch involves adding the switch in vCenter Server, creating distributed port groups, and defining properties like uplink ports and multicast filtering mode. This provides a consistent network configuration template across
This document provides an overview of VMware's vSphere+ and vSAN+ subscription offerings, including:
- vSphere+ and vSAN+ are subscription offerings that include cloud-delivered features and production support. They are licensed and priced per core with a minimum of 16 cores per CPU.
- Both follow a "commit + overages" pricing model where customers commit to a 1, 3, or 5-year term and are billed for overages on a monthly basis.
- The Subscription Upgrade Program allows customers to upgrade perpetual licenses of vSphere Enterprise/Enterprise Plus and vSAN Enterprise to vSphere+ and vSAN+ respectively in a subscription.
- Documentation must be provided for
The document discusses a mid-evaluation of a major project comparing several hypervisors. It will compare Xen, KVM, VMware, and VirtualBox based on their technical differences and performance benchmarks. The benchmarks will test CPU speed, network speed, I/O speed, and performance running various server workloads. This comparison will help determine the best hypervisor for a given virtualization situation. Key factors that will be compared include OS support, security, CPU speed, network speed, I/O speed, and response times.
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) provides virtual desktop environments hosted on a central server rather than physical desktops. Vmware Horizon View is a VDI solution that leverages VMware vSphere virtualization capabilities to deliver desktop services from the cloud. It allows IT to simplify and automate management of thousands of desktops while providing users access to their desktops from any location or device.
Dell Technologies è un’esclusiva famiglia di aziende che offre alle organizzazioni l’infrastruttura necessaria per costruire il loro futuro digitale, favorire l’IT Transformation e proteggere le loro risorse più importanti: le informazioni.
In particolare per il settore dell’Education di livello superiore, Dell EMC ha studiato un catalogo di soluzioni in aree quali:
Converged Infrastructure
Storage e Protection dei dati
Servizi di didattica digitale
In questo ciclo di webinar illustreremo le soluzioni Dell EMC più all'avanguardia, attualmente oggetto di studio da parte della Fondazione CRUI per un possibile contratto in convenzione.
Updated lifecycle management, improved analytics and support, and the option of Kubernetes — VMware vSphere® 7 is the biggest re-platform of vSphere in years. Learn more about the most significant vSphere evolution in a decade.
Learn more: http://ms.spr.ly/6005TmX9B
LF_DPDK17_Accelerating NFV with VMware's Enhanced Network Stack (ENS) and Int...
This document discusses accelerating network function virtualization (NFV) with VMware's Enhanced Networking Stack (ENS) and Intel's Poll Mode Drivers (PMD). ENS is a new, faster networking stack for vSphere targeted at NFV applications that employs DPDK techniques. It includes a new vmxnet3 virtual device backend, new poll-mode physical device drivers from Intel, and faster switching using flow caching. Testing showed ENS provides a 3-5x improvement in packet rate over the existing vSphere networking stack, with acceptable packet loss and low latency.
This document discusses various techniques for optimizing KVM performance on Linux systems. It covers CPU and memory optimization through techniques like vCPU pinning, NUMA affinity, transparent huge pages, KSM, and virtio_balloon. For networking, it discusses vhost-net, interrupt handling using MSI/MSI-X, and NAPI. It also covers block device optimization through I/O scheduling, cache mode, and asynchronous I/O. The goal is to provide guidance on configuring these techniques for workloads running in KVM virtual machines.
Five common customer use cases for Virtual SAN - VMworld US / 2015
This session was presented by Lee Dilworth and Duncan Epping at VMworld in the US in 2015. Five common customer use cases of the last 12-18 months are discussed in this deck.
The document provides an overview of the Oracle Exadata X10M Database Machine. Key points include:
- It features the latest 96-core AMD EPYC CPUs, up to 3TB of memory per database server, and 100Gb RDMA networking.
- Storage options include High Capacity servers with 264TB disk and 27.2TB flash, Extreme Flash servers with 122.88TB flash storage, and Extended servers with 264TB disk.
- The machines deliver extreme performance and scalability for all database workloads through automated management and database-optimized hardware and software.
The document provides an introduction to VMware vSphere distributed switches. It lists the benefits of distributed switches over standard switches, describes the distributed switch architecture, and discusses how to create, manage, and configure distributed switches and their properties. It also covers topics like distributed port groups, VMkernel networking, NetFlow, private VLANs, and troubleshooting distributed switch issues.
AsiaBSDCon2023 - Hardening Emulated Devices in OpenBSD’s vmd(8) Hypervisor
This document summarizes a talk given by Dave Voutila about hardening emulated devices in OpenBSD's vmd hypervisor. The talk discusses how vmd currently uses a single process model that shares memory between the hypervisor and VMs, presenting security risks. It proposes moving to a multi-process model where each VM is launched via fork and exec to isolate it and remove leftover state. This would help prevent guest-to-host escapes by isolating device emulation and limiting information leaks between VMs. Some initial benchmarks show the changes have little performance impact on disk and network I/O. Future work is planned to further isolate guest memory and expand device support.
SUSE Expert Days Paris 2018 - SUSE HA Cluster Multi-Device
This document summarizes a presentation about SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Cluster Multi-Device. It discusses the main features of SUSE HA including policy driven clusters, cluster aware filesystems, and continuous data replication. It then describes the HA storage stack architecture and various options for doing HA storage including DRBD, clustered LVM2, and Cluster-MD. Cluster-MD is presented as a software-based RAID storage that provides redundancy at the device level across multiple nodes. Performance comparisons show Cluster-MD outperforming clustered LVM mirroring. Extensions to Cluster-MD are discussed including expanding the size of a Cluster-MD device.
Exploring Compiler Optimization Opportunities for the OpenMP 4.x Accelerator...
Third Workshop on Accelerator Programming Using Directives (WACCPD2016, co-located with SC16)
While GPUs are increasingly popular for high-performance
computing, optimizing the performance of GPU programs is a time-consuming and non-trivial process in general. This complexity stems from the low abstraction level of standard
GPU programming models such as CUDA and OpenCL:
programmers are required to orchestrate low-level operations
in order to exploit the full capability of GPUs. In terms of
software productivity and portability, a more attractive approach
would be to facilitate GPU programming by providing high-level
abstractions for expressing parallel algorithms.
OpenMP is a directive-based shared memory parallel programming model and has been widely used for many years.
From OpenMP 4.0 onwards, GPU platforms are supported
by extending OpenMP’s high-level parallel abstractions with
accelerator programming. This extension allows programmers to
write GPU programs in standard C/C++ or Fortran languages,
without exposing too many details of GPU architectures.
However, such high-level parallel programming strategies generally impose additional program optimizations on compilers,
which could result in lower performance than fully hand-tuned
code with low-level programming models.To study potential
performance improvements by compiling and optimizing high-level GPU programs, in this paper, we 1) evaluate a set of
OpenMP 4.x benchmarks on an IBM POWER8 and NVIDIA
Tesla GPU platform and 2) conduct a comparable performance
analysis among hand-written CUDA and automatically-generated
GPU programs by the IBM XL and clang/LLVM compilers.
This document discusses using esxtop and resxtop tools to troubleshoot performance issues on VMware ESXi hosts. It provides 10 key things to know about esxtop counters and how they work. It then gives examples of using esxtop to troubleshoot common problems like CPU contention, memory issues, network throughput problems, and disk I/O latency. It also lists some other diagnostic tools that can be used along with esxtop.
This document provides a high-level overview and summary of Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) architecture and internals. It begins with an introduction and agenda, then covers key topics like Oracle Clusterware architecture and components, the interconnect, public network and virtual IPs, startup and shutdown processes, advanced RAC features, and includes pictures to illustrate concepts. The presentation is intended to demystify and explain the general workings and components that make up an Oracle RAC environment.
DRP for Big Data - Stream Processing Architectures
For the different Big Data architectures (batch processing, real time processing, Lambda, Kappa ..), we suggest, in a first phase, different Disaster Recovery Plan solutions depending on SLA (Service-level agreement) : RPO (Recovery Point Objective), RTO (Recovery Time Objective)..
In a second phase, we focus more on steam processing and existing Kafka solutions for Disaster Recovery Plan (Mirror Maker, Kafka Connect Replicator, GeoCluster ..) : the advantages, the drawbacks and the impact of this choice on the global architecture.
Finally, we explain in details how to configure and deploy each Disaster Recovery Plan solution (rack awareness, replication, replication factor, min insync …) and how to integrate each layer (storage layer, processing layer ..) into the chosen architecture.
Pythian is a global leader in database administration and consulting services. The document discusses the speaker's first 100 days of experience with an Oracle Exadata database machine. It provides an overview of Exadata components and features like Hybrid Columnar Compression and Smart Scan, which offloads processing from database servers to storage cells.
The document discusses principles of input/output (I/O) hardware and software. It covers topics like I/O device controllers that interface between devices and main memory, disk controllers that assemble serial data streams into blocks, video controllers that control monitor hardware, interrupts, direct memory access, programmed I/O, interrupt-driven I/O, I/O software layers, device drivers, character-oriented terminals, graphical user interfaces, network terminals, and power management techniques. The document provides examples and diagrams to illustrate key concepts in I/O systems.
The document discusses hardware support for efficient virtualization. It begins by classifying virtualization techniques as full virtualization, paravirtualization, or hardware-assisted virtualization. It then covers the challenges of software-only virtualization on Intel x86 processors and describes hardware virtualization extensions like Intel VT-x and VT-d, as well as AMD-V. These extensions address issues like ring compression and address space compression. The document also discusses I/O virtualization techniques like Intel VT-c and AMD IOMMU, as well as the performance of different virtualization platforms like KVM, Xen, and VirtualBox on Linux.
SignalFx engineer Rajiv Kurian's presentation on why we wrote our own Kafka consumer, the performance goals, and the performance gains achieved.
Download the slides to see animations showing hardware details. These slides were converged from Keynote to Powerpoint, so there may be some oddness with slide transitions!
Libra : A Compatible Method for Defending Against Arbitrary Memory Overwrite
http://adl.tw/~jeremy/slides/presentation2.pptx
Attached detailed Analysis of CVE-2013-2094 (&on x86-32).
Exploit the CVE-2013-2094 with animation
There have been more vulnerabilities in the Linux Kernel in 2013 than there had been in the previous decade. In this paper, the research was focused on defending against arbitrary memory overwrites in Privilege Escalation.
To avoid malicious users getting root authority. The easiest way is to set the sensitive data structure to read-only. But we are not sure the sensitive data structure will never be modified by legal behavior from a normal device driver; thus, we posed a compatible solution between read-only solutions and writable solutions to enhance compatibility.
The main idea that we posed not only solves the above problem, but also the general problem which is ensuring that important memory values can only be changed within a safe range.
It is not just set to read-only.
Key Word : Linux Kernel Vulnerabilities、exploit、Privilege Escalation
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 5 ess gnr-usecases...
This document provides an overview of Spectrum Scale 4.1 system administration. It describes the Elastic Storage Server options and components, Spectrum Scale native RAID (GNR), and tips for best practices. GNR implements sophisticated data placement and error correction algorithms using software RAID to provide high reliability and performance without additional hardware. It features auto-rebalancing, low rebuild overhead through declustering, and end-to-end data checksumming.
- SATA was invented to replace PATA/IDE drives by providing a more reliable and higher-speed serial interface using a smaller connector.
- SATA has a point-to-point topology compared to the parallel bus of PATA, allowing for higher speeds and partial independence of devices.
- It uses a layered architecture with physical, link, transport, and application layers to transmit data and commands between host and device using serial signaling and various protocols.
Direct3D 12 aims to reduce CPU overhead and increase scalability across CPU cores by allowing developers greater control over the graphics pipeline. It optimizes pipeline state handling through pipeline state objects and reduces redundant resource binding by introducing descriptor heaps and tables. Command lists and bundles further improve performance by enabling parallel command list generation and reuse of draw commands.
Locating objects in images (“detection”) quickly and efficiently enables object tracking and counting applications on embedded visual sensors (fixed and mobile). By 2012, progress on techniques for detecting objects in images – a topic of perennial interest in computer vision – had plateaued, and techniques based on histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) were state of the art. Soon, though, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in addition to classifying objects, were also beginning to become effective at simultaneously detecting objects. Research in CNN-based object detection was jump-started by the groundbreaking region-based CNN (R-CNN). We’ll follow the evolution of neural network algorithms for object detection, starting with R-CNN and proceeding to Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, “You Only Look Once” (YOLO), and up to the latest Single Shot Multibox detector. In this talk, we’ll examine the successive innovations in performance and accuracy embodied in these algorithms – which is a good way to understand the insights behind effective neural-network-based object localization. We’ll also contrast bounding-box approaches with pixel-level segmentation approaches and present pros and cons.
Apache Flink: Better, Faster & Uncut - Piotr Nowojski, data Artisans
This talk will start with brief introduction to streaming processing and Flink itself. Next, we will take a look at some of the most interesting recent improvements in Flink such as incremental checkpointing,
end-to-end exactly-once processing guarantee and network latency optimizations. We’ll discuss real problems that Flink’s users were facing and how they were addressed by the community and dataArtisans.
The Foundations of Multi-DC Kafka (Jakub Korab, Solutions Architect, Confluen...
1. The document discusses various architectures for running Kafka in a multi-datacenter environment including running Kafka natively in multiple datacenters, mirroring data between datacenters, and using hierarchical Zookeeper quorums.
2. Key considerations for multi-DC Kafka include replication settings, consumer reconfiguration needs during outages, and handling consumer offsets and processing state across datacenters.
3. Native multi-DC Kafka is preferred but mirroring can be an alternative approach for inter-region traffic when latency is over 30ms or datacenters cannot be combined into a single cluster. Asynchronous mirroring acts differently than a single Kafka cluster and impacts operations.
Seamless PostgreSQL to Snowflake Data Transfer in 8 Simple Steps
Unlock the full potential of your data by effortlessly migrating from PostgreSQL to Snowflake, the leading cloud data warehouse. This comprehensive guide presents an easy-to-follow 8-step process using Estuary Flow, an open-source data operations platform designed to simplify data pipelines.
Discover how to seamlessly transfer your PostgreSQL data to Snowflake, leveraging Estuary Flow's intuitive interface and powerful real-time replication capabilities. Harness the power of both platforms to create a robust data ecosystem that drives business intelligence, analytics, and data-driven decision-making.
Key Takeaways:
1. Effortless Migration: Learn how to migrate your PostgreSQL data to Snowflake in 8 simple steps, even with limited technical expertise.
2. Real-Time Insights: Achieve near-instantaneous data syncing for up-to-the-minute analytics and reporting.
3. Cost-Effective Solution: Lower your total cost of ownership (TCO) with Estuary Flow's efficient and scalable architecture.
4. Seamless Integration: Combine the strengths of PostgreSQL's transactional power with Snowflake's cloud-native scalability and data warehousing features.
Don't miss out on this opportunity to unlock the full potential of your data. Read & Download this comprehensive guide now and embark on a seamless data journey from PostgreSQL to Snowflake with Estuary Flow!
Try it Free: https://dashboard.estuary.dev/register
NBFC Software: Optimize Your Non-Banking Financial Company
NBFC Software: Optimize Your Non-Banking Financial Company
Enhance Your Financial Services with Comprehensive NBFC Software
NBFC software provides a complete solution for non-banking financial companies, streamlining banking and accounting functions to reduce operational costs. Our software is designed to meet the diverse needs of NBFCs, including investment banks, insurance companies, and hedge funds.
Key Features of NBFC Software:
Centralized Database: Facilitates inter-branch collaboration and smooth operations with a unified platform.
Automation: Simplifies loan lifecycle management and account maintenance, ensuring efficient delivery of financial services.
Customization: Highly customizable to fit specific business needs, offering flexibility in managing various loan types such as home loans, mortgage loans, personal loans, and more.
Security: Ensures safe and secure handling of financial transactions and sensitive data.
User-Friendly Interface: Designed to be intuitive and easy to use, reducing the learning curve for employees.
Cost-Effective: Reduces the need for additional manpower by automating tasks, making it a budget-friendly solution. Benefits of NBFC Software:
Go Paperless: Transition to a fully digital operation, eliminating offline work.
Transparency: Enables managers and executives to monitor various points of the banking process easily.
Defaulter Tracking: Helps track loan defaulters, maintaining a healthy loan management system.
Increased Accessibility: Cutting-edge technology increases the accessibility and usability of NBFC operations. Request a Demo Now!
A Comparative Analysis of Functional and Non-Functional Testing.pdf
A robust software testing strategy encompassing functional and non-functional testing is fundamental for development teams. These twin pillars are essential for ensuring the success of your applications. But why are they so critical?
Functional testing rigorously examines the application's processes against predefined requirements, ensuring they align seamlessly. Conversely, non-functional testing evaluates performance and reliability under load, enhancing the end-user experience.
WhatsApp Tracker - Tracking WhatsApp to Boost Online Safety.pdf
WhatsApp Tracker Software is an effective tool for remotely tracking the target’s WhatsApp activities. It allows users to monitor their loved one’s online behavior to ensure appropriate interactions for responsive device use.
Download this PPTX file and share this information to others.
React vs Next js: Which is Better for Web Development? - Semiosis Software Pr...
React and Next.js are complementary tools in web development. React, a JavaScript library, specializes in building user interfaces with its component-based architecture and efficient state management. Next.js extends React by providing server-side rendering, routing, and other utilities, making it ideal for building SEO-friendly, high-performance web applications.
In this talk, we will explore strategies to optimize the success rate of storing and retaining new information. We will discuss scientifically proven ideal learning intervals and content structures. Additionally, we will examine how to create an environment that improves our focus while you remain in the “flow”. Lastly we will also address the influence of AI on learning capabilities.
In the dynamic field of software development, this knowledge will empower you to accelerate your learning curve and support others in their learning journeys.
Are you wondering how to migrate to the Cloud? At the ITB session, we addressed the challenge of managing multiple ColdFusion licenses and AWS EC2 instances. Discover how you can consolidate with just one EC2 instance capable of running over 50 apps using CommandBox ColdFusion. This solution supports both ColdFusion flavors and includes cb-websites, a GoLang binary for managing CommandBox websites.
What is OCR Technology and How to Extract Text from Any Image for Free
Discover the fascinating world of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology with our comprehensive presentation. Learn how OCR converts various types of documents, such as scanned paper documents, PDFs, or images captured by a digital camera, into editable and searchable data. Dive into the history, modern applications, and future trends of OCR technology. Get step-by-step instructions on how to extract text from any image online for free using a simple tool, along with best practices for OCR image preparation. Ideal for professionals, students, and tech enthusiasts looking to harness the power of OCR.
This PowerPoint presentation provides a comprehensive overview of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. It covers the fundamental concepts, benefits, and key functionalities of ERP software, illustrating how it integrates various business processes into a unified system. From finance and HR to supply chain and customer relationship management, ERP facilitates efficient data management and decision-making across organizations. Whether you're new to ERP or looking to deepen your understanding, this presentation offers valuable insights into leveraging ERP for business success.
Sami provided a beginner-friendly introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS), covering essential terms, products, and services for cloud deployment. Participants explored AWS' latest Gen AI offerings, making it accessible for those starting their cloud journey or integrating AI into coding practices.
A captivating AI chatbot PowerPoint presentation is made with a striking backdrop in order to attract a wider audience. Select this template featuring several AI chatbot visuals to boost audience engagement and spontaneity. With the aid of this multi-colored template, you may make a compelling presentation and get extra bonuses. To easily elucidate your ideas, choose a typeface with vibrant colors. You can include your data regarding utilizing the chatbot methodology to the remaining half of the template.
Top 10 Tips To Get Google AdSense For Your Website
Lots of bloggers are using Google AdSense now. It’s getting really popular. With AdSense, bloggers can make money by showing ads on their websites. Read this important article written by the experienced designers of the best website designing company in Delhi –
vSAN provides software-defined storage that pools server storage resources and delivers them as a shared datastore for VMs. It integrates deeply with VMware stacks for simplified management and supports a variety of use cases. vSAN leverages new hardware technologies to provide high performance at low cost through space efficiency techniques and storage policies that control availability, capacity reservation, and QoS.
VXLAN Integration with CloudStack was presented at the Advanced Zone CCCEU13 conference in Amsterdam on November 21, 2013. The presentation discussed integrating VXLAN to overcome the VLAN ID limitation in CloudStack and allow for more scalable network isolation. VXLAN was demonstrated working with CloudStack to provide isolated networks and inter-tier connectivity within VPCs while maintaining network isolation. Basic functions like VM connectivity, migration, and network availability were tested under VXLAN and found to work as expected. Feedback was welcomed on the VXLAN integration in CloudStack.
The document discusses Dell EMC VxRail, a hyper-converged appliance that combines servers, storage, and networking into a single system. It is presented as the standard in hyper-converged infrastructure and focuses on enabling business innovation through consumption-based buying which allows customers to focus resources on differentiating their business instead of IT integration. VxRail offers various configurations and scale options to match different use cases from small to large environments.
VMware NSX provides a platform for deployment of software-defined network (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) services across physical network devices in a way that is analogous to server virtualization.
Deploying CloudStack and Ceph with flexible VXLAN and BGP networking ShapeBlue
1) The document discusses using VXLAN, BGP and EVPN to implement a layer 3 network for a cloud deployment using Ceph and CloudStack. This allows scaling beyond the limits of layer 2 networks and VLANs.
2) Key infrastructure components discussed include Dell S5232F-ON switches running Cumulus Linux, SuperMicro hypervisors and Ceph storage servers using NVMe SSDs.
3) The deployment provides high performance private and public cloud infrastructure with scalable networking and over 650TB of reliable Ceph storage per rack.
VMware ESXi - Intel and Qlogic NIC throughput difference v0.6David Pasek
We are observing different network throughputs on Intel X710 NICs and QLogic FastLinQ QL41xxx NIC. ESXi hardware supports NIC hardware offloading and queueing on 10Gb, 25Gb, 40Gb and 100Gb NIC adapters. Multiple hardware queues per NIC interface (vmnic) and multiple software threads on ESXi VMkernel is depicted and documented in this paper which may or may not be the root cause of the observed problem. The key objective of this document is to clearly document and collect NIC information on two specific Network Adapters and do a comparison to find the difference or at least root cause hypothesis for further troubleshooting.
1. A distributed switch functions as a single virtual switch across all associated hosts and is configured in vCenter Server at the data center level. It consists of a control plane in vCenter Server and I/O planes in the VMkernel of each ESXi host.
2. Key components of a distributed switch include distributed ports, uplinks, and port groups. Distributed ports can connect VMs or VMkernel interfaces. Uplinks associate physical NICs across hosts. Port groups define connection configurations.
3. Configuring a distributed switch involves adding the switch in vCenter Server, creating distributed port groups, and defining properties like uplink ports and multicast filtering mode. This provides a consistent network configuration template across
This document provides an overview of VMware's vSphere+ and vSAN+ subscription offerings, including:
- vSphere+ and vSAN+ are subscription offerings that include cloud-delivered features and production support. They are licensed and priced per core with a minimum of 16 cores per CPU.
- Both follow a "commit + overages" pricing model where customers commit to a 1, 3, or 5-year term and are billed for overages on a monthly basis.
- The Subscription Upgrade Program allows customers to upgrade perpetual licenses of vSphere Enterprise/Enterprise Plus and vSAN Enterprise to vSphere+ and vSAN+ respectively in a subscription.
- Documentation must be provided for
The document discusses a mid-evaluation of a major project comparing several hypervisors. It will compare Xen, KVM, VMware, and VirtualBox based on their technical differences and performance benchmarks. The benchmarks will test CPU speed, network speed, I/O speed, and performance running various server workloads. This comparison will help determine the best hypervisor for a given virtualization situation. Key factors that will be compared include OS support, security, CPU speed, network speed, I/O speed, and response times.
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) provides virtual desktop environments hosted on a central server rather than physical desktops. Vmware Horizon View is a VDI solution that leverages VMware vSphere virtualization capabilities to deliver desktop services from the cloud. It allows IT to simplify and automate management of thousands of desktops while providing users access to their desktops from any location or device.
Dell Technologies è un’esclusiva famiglia di aziende che offre alle organizzazioni l’infrastruttura necessaria per costruire il loro futuro digitale, favorire l’IT Transformation e proteggere le loro risorse più importanti: le informazioni.
In particolare per il settore dell’Education di livello superiore, Dell EMC ha studiato un catalogo di soluzioni in aree quali:
Converged Infrastructure
Storage e Protection dei dati
Servizi di didattica digitale
In questo ciclo di webinar illustreremo le soluzioni Dell EMC più all'avanguardia, attualmente oggetto di studio da parte della Fondazione CRUI per un possibile contratto in convenzione.
Updated lifecycle management, improved analytics and support, and the option of Kubernetes — VMware vSphere® 7 is the biggest re-platform of vSphere in years. Learn more about the most significant vSphere evolution in a decade.
Learn more: http://ms.spr.ly/6005TmX9B
LF_DPDK17_Accelerating NFV with VMware's Enhanced Network Stack (ENS) and Int...LF_DPDK
This document discusses accelerating network function virtualization (NFV) with VMware's Enhanced Networking Stack (ENS) and Intel's Poll Mode Drivers (PMD). ENS is a new, faster networking stack for vSphere targeted at NFV applications that employs DPDK techniques. It includes a new vmxnet3 virtual device backend, new poll-mode physical device drivers from Intel, and faster switching using flow caching. Testing showed ENS provides a 3-5x improvement in packet rate over the existing vSphere networking stack, with acceptable packet loss and low latency.
Kvm performance optimization for ubuntuSim Janghoon
This document discusses various techniques for optimizing KVM performance on Linux systems. It covers CPU and memory optimization through techniques like vCPU pinning, NUMA affinity, transparent huge pages, KSM, and virtio_balloon. For networking, it discusses vhost-net, interrupt handling using MSI/MSI-X, and NAPI. It also covers block device optimization through I/O scheduling, cache mode, and asynchronous I/O. The goal is to provide guidance on configuring these techniques for workloads running in KVM virtual machines.
Five common customer use cases for Virtual SAN - VMworld US / 2015Duncan Epping
This session was presented by Lee Dilworth and Duncan Epping at VMworld in the US in 2015. Five common customer use cases of the last 12-18 months are discussed in this deck.
The document provides an overview of the Oracle Exadata X10M Database Machine. Key points include:
- It features the latest 96-core AMD EPYC CPUs, up to 3TB of memory per database server, and 100Gb RDMA networking.
- Storage options include High Capacity servers with 264TB disk and 27.2TB flash, Extreme Flash servers with 122.88TB flash storage, and Extended servers with 264TB disk.
- The machines deliver extreme performance and scalability for all database workloads through automated management and database-optimized hardware and software.
The document provides an introduction to VMware vSphere distributed switches. It lists the benefits of distributed switches over standard switches, describes the distributed switch architecture, and discusses how to create, manage, and configure distributed switches and their properties. It also covers topics like distributed port groups, VMkernel networking, NetFlow, private VLANs, and troubleshooting distributed switch issues.
AsiaBSDCon2023 - Hardening Emulated Devices in OpenBSD’s vmd(8) HypervisorDave Voutila
This document summarizes a talk given by Dave Voutila about hardening emulated devices in OpenBSD's vmd hypervisor. The talk discusses how vmd currently uses a single process model that shares memory between the hypervisor and VMs, presenting security risks. It proposes moving to a multi-process model where each VM is launched via fork and exec to isolate it and remove leftover state. This would help prevent guest-to-host escapes by isolating device emulation and limiting information leaks between VMs. Some initial benchmarks show the changes have little performance impact on disk and network I/O. Future work is planned to further isolate guest memory and expand device support.
SUSE Expert Days Paris 2018 - SUSE HA Cluster Multi-DeviceSUSE
This document summarizes a presentation about SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Cluster Multi-Device. It discusses the main features of SUSE HA including policy driven clusters, cluster aware filesystems, and continuous data replication. It then describes the HA storage stack architecture and various options for doing HA storage including DRBD, clustered LVM2, and Cluster-MD. Cluster-MD is presented as a software-based RAID storage that provides redundancy at the device level across multiple nodes. Performance comparisons show Cluster-MD outperforming clustered LVM mirroring. Extensions to Cluster-MD are discussed including expanding the size of a Cluster-MD device.
Exploring Compiler Optimization Opportunities for the OpenMP 4.x Accelerator...Akihiro Hayashi
Third Workshop on Accelerator Programming Using Directives (WACCPD2016, co-located with SC16)
While GPUs are increasingly popular for high-performance
computing, optimizing the performance of GPU programs is a time-consuming and non-trivial process in general. This complexity stems from the low abstraction level of standard
GPU programming models such as CUDA and OpenCL:
programmers are required to orchestrate low-level operations
in order to exploit the full capability of GPUs. In terms of
software productivity and portability, a more attractive approach
would be to facilitate GPU programming by providing high-level
abstractions for expressing parallel algorithms.
OpenMP is a directive-based shared memory parallel programming model and has been widely used for many years.
From OpenMP 4.0 onwards, GPU platforms are supported
by extending OpenMP’s high-level parallel abstractions with
accelerator programming. This extension allows programmers to
write GPU programs in standard C/C++ or Fortran languages,
without exposing too many details of GPU architectures.
However, such high-level parallel programming strategies generally impose additional program optimizations on compilers,
which could result in lower performance than fully hand-tuned
code with low-level programming models.To study potential
performance improvements by compiling and optimizing high-level GPU programs, in this paper, we 1) evaluate a set of
OpenMP 4.x benchmarks on an IBM POWER8 and NVIDIA
Tesla GPU platform and 2) conduct a comparable performance
analysis among hand-written CUDA and automatically-generated
GPU programs by the IBM XL and clang/LLVM compilers.
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This document discusses using esxtop and resxtop tools to troubleshoot performance issues on VMware ESXi hosts. It provides 10 key things to know about esxtop counters and how they work. It then gives examples of using esxtop to troubleshoot common problems like CPU contention, memory issues, network throughput problems, and disk I/O latency. It also lists some other diagnostic tools that can be used along with esxtop.
This document provides a high-level overview and summary of Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) architecture and internals. It begins with an introduction and agenda, then covers key topics like Oracle Clusterware architecture and components, the interconnect, public network and virtual IPs, startup and shutdown processes, advanced RAC features, and includes pictures to illustrate concepts. The presentation is intended to demystify and explain the general workings and components that make up an Oracle RAC environment.
For the different Big Data architectures (batch processing, real time processing, Lambda, Kappa ..), we suggest, in a first phase, different Disaster Recovery Plan solutions depending on SLA (Service-level agreement) : RPO (Recovery Point Objective), RTO (Recovery Time Objective)..
In a second phase, we focus more on steam processing and existing Kafka solutions for Disaster Recovery Plan (Mirror Maker, Kafka Connect Replicator, GeoCluster ..) : the advantages, the drawbacks and the impact of this choice on the global architecture.
Finally, we explain in details how to configure and deploy each Disaster Recovery Plan solution (rack awareness, replication, replication factor, min insync …) and how to integrate each layer (storage layer, processing layer ..) into the chosen architecture.
Pythian is a global leader in database administration and consulting services. The document discusses the speaker's first 100 days of experience with an Oracle Exadata database machine. It provides an overview of Exadata components and features like Hybrid Columnar Compression and Smart Scan, which offloads processing from database servers to storage cells.
The document discusses principles of input/output (I/O) hardware and software. It covers topics like I/O device controllers that interface between devices and main memory, disk controllers that assemble serial data streams into blocks, video controllers that control monitor hardware, interrupts, direct memory access, programmed I/O, interrupt-driven I/O, I/O software layers, device drivers, character-oriented terminals, graphical user interfaces, network terminals, and power management techniques. The document provides examples and diagrams to illustrate key concepts in I/O systems.
Hardware support for efficient virtualizationLennox Wu
The document discusses hardware support for efficient virtualization. It begins by classifying virtualization techniques as full virtualization, paravirtualization, or hardware-assisted virtualization. It then covers the challenges of software-only virtualization on Intel x86 processors and describes hardware virtualization extensions like Intel VT-x and VT-d, as well as AMD-V. These extensions address issues like ring compression and address space compression. The document also discusses I/O virtualization techniques like Intel VT-c and AMD IOMMU, as well as the performance of different virtualization platforms like KVM, Xen, and VirtualBox on Linux.
SignalFx engineer Rajiv Kurian's presentation on why we wrote our own Kafka consumer, the performance goals, and the performance gains achieved.
Download the slides to see animations showing hardware details. These slides were converged from Keynote to Powerpoint, so there may be some oddness with slide transitions!
Libra : A Compatible Method for Defending Against Arbitrary Memory OverwriteJeremy Haung
http://adl.tw/~jeremy/slides/presentation2.pptx
Attached detailed Analysis of CVE-2013-2094 (&on x86-32).
Exploit the CVE-2013-2094 with animation
There have been more vulnerabilities in the Linux Kernel in 2013 than there had been in the previous decade. In this paper, the research was focused on defending against arbitrary memory overwrites in Privilege Escalation.
To avoid malicious users getting root authority. The easiest way is to set the sensitive data structure to read-only. But we are not sure the sensitive data structure will never be modified by legal behavior from a normal device driver; thus, we posed a compatible solution between read-only solutions and writable solutions to enhance compatibility.
The main idea that we posed not only solves the above problem, but also the general problem which is ensuring that important memory values can only be changed within a safe range.
It is not just set to read-only.
Key Word : Linux Kernel Vulnerabilities、exploit、Privilege Escalation
Ibm spectrum scale fundamentals workshop for americas part 5 ess gnr-usecases...xKinAnx
This document provides an overview of Spectrum Scale 4.1 system administration. It describes the Elastic Storage Server options and components, Spectrum Scale native RAID (GNR), and tips for best practices. GNR implements sophisticated data placement and error correction algorithms using software RAID to provide high reliability and performance without additional hardware. It features auto-rebalancing, low rebuild overhead through declustering, and end-to-end data checksumming.
- SATA was invented to replace PATA/IDE drives by providing a more reliable and higher-speed serial interface using a smaller connector.
- SATA has a point-to-point topology compared to the parallel bus of PATA, allowing for higher speeds and partial independence of devices.
- It uses a layered architecture with physical, link, transport, and application layers to transmit data and commands between host and device using serial signaling and various protocols.
Direct3D 12 aims to reduce CPU overhead and increase scalability across CPU cores by allowing developers greater control over the graphics pipeline. It optimizes pipeline state handling through pipeline state objects and reduces redundant resource binding by introducing descriptor heaps and tables. Command lists and bundles further improve performance by enabling parallel command list generation and reuse of draw commands.
Locating objects in images (“detection”) quickly and efficiently enables object tracking and counting applications on embedded visual sensors (fixed and mobile). By 2012, progress on techniques for detecting objects in images – a topic of perennial interest in computer vision – had plateaued, and techniques based on histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) were state of the art. Soon, though, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in addition to classifying objects, were also beginning to become effective at simultaneously detecting objects. Research in CNN-based object detection was jump-started by the groundbreaking region-based CNN (R-CNN). We’ll follow the evolution of neural network algorithms for object detection, starting with R-CNN and proceeding to Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, “You Only Look Once” (YOLO), and up to the latest Single Shot Multibox detector. In this talk, we’ll examine the successive innovations in performance and accuracy embodied in these algorithms – which is a good way to understand the insights behind effective neural-network-based object localization. We’ll also contrast bounding-box approaches with pixel-level segmentation approaches and present pros and cons.
Apache Flink: Better, Faster & Uncut - Piotr Nowojski, data ArtisansEvention
This talk will start with brief introduction to streaming processing and Flink itself. Next, we will take a look at some of the most interesting recent improvements in Flink such as incremental checkpointing,
end-to-end exactly-once processing guarantee and network latency optimizations. We’ll discuss real problems that Flink’s users were facing and how they were addressed by the community and dataArtisans.
The Foundations of Multi-DC Kafka (Jakub Korab, Solutions Architect, Confluen...confluent
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2. Key considerations for multi-DC Kafka include replication settings, consumer reconfiguration needs during outages, and handling consumer offsets and processing state across datacenters.
3. Native multi-DC Kafka is preferred but mirroring can be an alternative approach for inter-region traffic when latency is over 30ms or datacenters cannot be combined into a single cluster. Asynchronous mirroring acts differently than a single Kafka cluster and impacts operations.
Seamless PostgreSQL to Snowflake Data Transfer in 8 Simple StepsEstuary Flow
Unlock the full potential of your data by effortlessly migrating from PostgreSQL to Snowflake, the leading cloud data warehouse. This comprehensive guide presents an easy-to-follow 8-step process using Estuary Flow, an open-source data operations platform designed to simplify data pipelines.
Discover how to seamlessly transfer your PostgreSQL data to Snowflake, leveraging Estuary Flow's intuitive interface and powerful real-time replication capabilities. Harness the power of both platforms to create a robust data ecosystem that drives business intelligence, analytics, and data-driven decision-making.
Key Takeaways:
1. Effortless Migration: Learn how to migrate your PostgreSQL data to Snowflake in 8 simple steps, even with limited technical expertise.
2. Real-Time Insights: Achieve near-instantaneous data syncing for up-to-the-minute analytics and reporting.
3. Cost-Effective Solution: Lower your total cost of ownership (TCO) with Estuary Flow's efficient and scalable architecture.
4. Seamless Integration: Combine the strengths of PostgreSQL's transactional power with Snowflake's cloud-native scalability and data warehousing features.
Don't miss out on this opportunity to unlock the full potential of your data. Read & Download this comprehensive guide now and embark on a seamless data journey from PostgreSQL to Snowflake with Estuary Flow!
Try it Free: https://dashboard.estuary.dev/register
NBFC Software: Optimize Your Non-Banking Financial CompanyNBFC Softwares
NBFC Software: Optimize Your Non-Banking Financial Company
Enhance Your Financial Services with Comprehensive NBFC Software
NBFC software provides a complete solution for non-banking financial companies, streamlining banking and accounting functions to reduce operational costs. Our software is designed to meet the diverse needs of NBFCs, including investment banks, insurance companies, and hedge funds.
Key Features of NBFC Software:
Centralized Database: Facilitates inter-branch collaboration and smooth operations with a unified platform.
Automation: Simplifies loan lifecycle management and account maintenance, ensuring efficient delivery of financial services.
Customization: Highly customizable to fit specific business needs, offering flexibility in managing various loan types such as home loans, mortgage loans, personal loans, and more.
Security: Ensures safe and secure handling of financial transactions and sensitive data.
User-Friendly Interface: Designed to be intuitive and easy to use, reducing the learning curve for employees.
Cost-Effective: Reduces the need for additional manpower by automating tasks, making it a budget-friendly solution. Benefits of NBFC Software:
Go Paperless: Transition to a fully digital operation, eliminating offline work.
Transparency: Enables managers and executives to monitor various points of the banking process easily.
Defaulter Tracking: Helps track loan defaulters, maintaining a healthy loan management system.
Increased Accessibility: Cutting-edge technology increases the accessibility and usability of NBFC operations. Request a Demo Now!
A Comparative Analysis of Functional and Non-Functional Testing.pdfkalichargn70th171
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Functional testing rigorously examines the application's processes against predefined requirements, ensuring they align seamlessly. Conversely, non-functional testing evaluates performance and reliability under load, enhancing the end-user experience.
WhatsApp Tracker - Tracking WhatsApp to Boost Online Safety.pdfonemonitarsoftware
WhatsApp Tracker Software is an effective tool for remotely tracking the target’s WhatsApp activities. It allows users to monitor their loved one’s online behavior to ensure appropriate interactions for responsive device use.
Download this PPTX file and share this information to others.
React and Next.js are complementary tools in web development. React, a JavaScript library, specializes in building user interfaces with its component-based architecture and efficient state management. Next.js extends React by providing server-side rendering, routing, and other utilities, making it ideal for building SEO-friendly, high-performance web applications.
In this talk, we will explore strategies to optimize the success rate of storing and retaining new information. We will discuss scientifically proven ideal learning intervals and content structures. Additionally, we will examine how to create an environment that improves our focus while you remain in the “flow”. Lastly we will also address the influence of AI on learning capabilities.
In the dynamic field of software development, this knowledge will empower you to accelerate your learning curve and support others in their learning journeys.
Are you wondering how to migrate to the Cloud? At the ITB session, we addressed the challenge of managing multiple ColdFusion licenses and AWS EC2 instances. Discover how you can consolidate with just one EC2 instance capable of running over 50 apps using CommandBox ColdFusion. This solution supports both ColdFusion flavors and includes cb-websites, a GoLang binary for managing CommandBox websites.
What is OCR Technology and How to Extract Text from Any Image for FreeTwisterTools
Discover the fascinating world of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology with our comprehensive presentation. Learn how OCR converts various types of documents, such as scanned paper documents, PDFs, or images captured by a digital camera, into editable and searchable data. Dive into the history, modern applications, and future trends of OCR technology. Get step-by-step instructions on how to extract text from any image online for free using a simple tool, along with best practices for OCR image preparation. Ideal for professionals, students, and tech enthusiasts looking to harness the power of OCR.
Overview of ERP - Mechlin Technologies.pptxMitchell Marsh
This PowerPoint presentation provides a comprehensive overview of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. It covers the fundamental concepts, benefits, and key functionalities of ERP software, illustrating how it integrates various business processes into a unified system. From finance and HR to supply chain and customer relationship management, ERP facilitates efficient data management and decision-making across organizations. Whether you're new to ERP or looking to deepen your understanding, this presentation offers valuable insights into leveraging ERP for business success.
Sami provided a beginner-friendly introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS), covering essential terms, products, and services for cloud deployment. Participants explored AWS' latest Gen AI offerings, making it accessible for those starting their cloud journey or integrating AI into coding practices.
A captivating AI chatbot PowerPoint presentation is made with a striking backdrop in order to attract a wider audience. Select this template featuring several AI chatbot visuals to boost audience engagement and spontaneity. With the aid of this multi-colored template, you may make a compelling presentation and get extra bonuses. To easily elucidate your ideas, choose a typeface with vibrant colors. You can include your data regarding utilizing the chatbot methodology to the remaining half of the template.
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vSAN Beyond The Basics
1. Sumit Lahiri – Product Line Manager
STO1479BU
STO1479BU
vSAN Beyond the Basics
Eric Knauft – Staff Engineer
2. • This presentation may contain product features that are currently under development.
• This overview of new technology represents no commitment from VMware to deliver these
features in any generally available product.
• Features are subject to change, and must not be included in contracts, purchase orders, or
sales agreements of any kind.
• Technical feasibility and market demand will affect final delivery.
• Pricing and packaging for any new technologies or features discussed or presented have not
been determined.
Disclaimer
2
3. Agenda
1 The world of Objects
2 Life of vSAN Component
3 The 4 Rs of vSAN
4 Multi-Level Fault Domains
5 All Flash I/O Flow
CONFIDENTIAL
3
5. Disk layout in host
disk groupdisk group disk group disk group disk group
Disk groups contribute to single vSAN datastore in vSphere cluster
Cache
Capacity
vSAN Datastore
§ Max 64 nodes
§ Min 2 nodes (ROBO)
§ Max 5 Disk Groups per
host
§ 2 – Tiers per Disk
Group
6. Creating vm, creates several objects in the background
6
(VMDK)
Virtual Disk
VM home namespace: VMX, log files
Virtual memory swap objects
7. From VM to components
7
Component
Component
Component
Component
(Object) (components) (blocks)
(Max Size: 255 GB)
(in low MBs)
9. CONFIDENTIAL
9
Failures to Tolerate (FTT)
vSphere vSAN
Host Racks Sites
Always in context to fault domains
Failures to Tolerate Failures to Tolerate Failures to Tolerate
10. CONFIDENTIAL
10
Failures to Tolerate (FTT)
vSphere vSAN
FTT implies host failures to tolerate if fault domain is not mentioned
vSphere vSAN vSphere vSAN
FTT=1 FTT=2 FTT=3
11. CONFIDENTIAL
11
Failures to Tolerate (FTT) can be Nested
vSphere vSAN
Host Racks Sites
Survive one site failure and one host failure on the other site
25. Quorum: In the event of cluster partition, which partition shall
proceed?
25
…........ …........
partition-01 partition-02
M hostsN hosts
26. Quorum: The partition with the higher Votes proceed
26
…........ …........
partition-01 partition-02
M hostsN hosts
N votes M votes
Cluster members participate in voting
27. If M > N, Partition-2 proceeds
27
…........ …........
partition-01 partition-02
M hostsN hosts
N votes M votes
partition-02 proceeds
Cluster members participate in voting
29. Quorum is calculated on a per object basis
29
(VMDK)
R1
C C
(RAID-1)
(component) (component)
No witness
1 1
• Each component participates in voting
• With two components, this sums to even
number of votes
30. Add witness for Tier breaker vote
30
(VMDK)
R1
C C
(RAID-1)
(component) (component)
W
(witness)
1
11
(votes)
(votes)
(votes)
• Witness is added as Tier breaker vote
• Acts as an observer which component has latest
data
31. For VMDK-A , partition-2 has higher votes
31
…........ …........
partition-01 partition-02 proceeds
M hostsN hosts
(VMDK-A)
R1
C C
(RAID-1)
(component) (component)
W
(witness)
1
11
(votes)
C C W
1 1
1
(votes)
(votes)
(votes)
(votes)
32. General Case: Different objects proceed on different partition
32
…........ …........
partition-01 proceeds for VMDK-B partition-02 proceeds for VMDK-A
M hostsN hosts
C C W
1 1
1
(VMDK-A)
R1
C C
(RAID-1)
(component) (component)
W
(witness)
1
11
(votes)
(votes)
(votes)
(votes)
(votes)
(VMDK-B)
R1
C C
(RAID-1)
(component) (component)
W
(witness)
1
11
(votes)
(votes)
C W C
1 1 1
33. Components can be classified as data component and witness
component
(VMDK)
R1
D D
(RAID-1)
(no striping) (no striping)
(data component) (data component)
W (witness component)
1 1
1
(1 vote)
(1 vote)(1 vote)
34. Min count of hosts required for survive
N host failures?
35. Minimum 2N+1 hosts required to survive N host failures
35
…........ …........
partition-01 partition-02 is winning partition
(N +1) hosts = (N+1) shares of vote
• If each host represents same share of vote
• Wining partition would require a minimum of N+1 hosts
• Minimum size of cluster = 2N+1 hosts to survive N host failures
N hosts = N shares of votes
1 1 1 1 1
36. CONFIDENTIAL
36
Min cluster size is determined by meeting Liveness requirement
• Liveness = (Quorum) && (Availability)
• Min of hosts in cluster = Max (Min hosts for Quorum,
Min hosts for Availability)
37. CONFIDENTIAL
37
Examples
• FTT =1 , FTM = RAID-1
• Min host for availability = 2
• Min host of Quorum = 2N+1 = 3
• Min cluster size =3
• FTT=2, FTM = RAID-1
• Min host for availability = 3
• Min host for Quorum = 2N+1 =5
• Min cluster size =5
43. It is possible to have Quorum but no Availability
43
1 1
1 3
1 1 1
2
(votes)
C1 C1 C1
C2 C2 C2
(VMDK)
W
W
R1
R0 R0 R0
Partition - 1
Partition - 2
Quorum
ü Quorum
48. Object States: can be “not compliant” but accessible
48
esxi-01 esxi-02
esxi-03
C1 C2 C1 C2
R1
R0
R0
W
(VMDK)
• Compliance status: Are all replicas good?
• Operational status: Is Accessible? 3
22
(votes)
(votes)(votes)
49. Object States: can be “not compliant” but accessible
49
esxi-01 esxi-02
esxi-03
C1 C2 C1 C2
R1
R0
R0
W
(VMDK)
• Active = known good
• Degraded = known bad, rebuild now
• Absent = known bad, cause not known,
repair after 60 mins
• Stale = Active however needs update
• Compliance status: Are all replicas good?
• Operational status: Is Accessible? 3
22
(votes)
(votes)(votes)
• Accessible implies Liveness
50. 4 Rs – Resync , Rebuild, Repair and Reconfiguration
50
C1 ….. C4
R1
(components)
(blocks)
(VMDK)
• VMDK is divided into components
• Components comprise of data blocks
• Each component on different host
• Each data block of fixed size
C1 ….. C4
R1
(resync blocks)
(VMDK)
C1 ….. C4
R1
(VMDK)
Partial Resync
• Copy data to stale components
• When a component comes
back from being absent
Repair / Reconfigure
• Build fresh component
• Full Resync
(build out the component)
(Host-4)(Host-1) (state: degraded)(state: active-stale)
51. CONFIDENTIAL
51
Resync / Reconfiguration Triggers
disk group disk group
Cache
Capacity
§ Components in Active-Stale
§ Some blocks are resynced / rebuild
C1 ….. C4
(resync blocks)
(state: active-stale)
(Partition resolves)
(Change storage policies)
Components are rebuilt
C1
…..
C4
(build out the component)
(state: degraded)
53. W
Begin: All components / elements are in active state
53
2 3 2
(2 votes)
Tolerate 1 host failure with RAID-1
(Active)
(2 votes) (2 votes)
C1 C1
A A
C2C2
A AA
(Active) (Active)(Active) (Active)
54. W C1 C2C1 C2
Cluster partitions with unknown cause, components go ”Absent”
54
A
B
2
A
B
3 2
(2 votes)
Cluster partition, cause unknown, do not repair immediately
Partition - 1
A
A A
Partition – 2
(Absent)
(2 votes) (2 votes)
(Active)
(Active)
Object is not compliant but accessible
Absent: Known bad,
but cause not known
55. C1 C2C1 C2
Partition with both Availability and Quorum proceeds
55
A
B
2
A
B
3 2
(2 votes)
vm HA to partition -2 , partition-2 has both quorum and availability
Partition - 1
A A
Partition – 2 - proceeds
(2 votes) (2 votes)
(Absent)
Quorum && AvailabilityAvailability no Quorum
W
A
56. C1 C2C1 C2
Partition is resolved, component is Resynced
56
AS
2
AS
3 2
(2 votes)
Active-Stale Component is Resynced
A A
(Active-Stale)
(2 votes) (2 votes)
Resync
Component marked as Active Stale, Object is not compliant
W
A
57. W
All components / elements are in active state
57
2 3 2
(2 votes)
All components are Active
(Active)
(2 votes) (2 votes)
C1 C1
A A
C2C2
A AA
(Active) (Active)(Active) (Active)
Object is compliant and accessible
59. WC1 C2 C1 C2
Absent Components Repair After 60 Min
59
A
2
A
3 2
(2 votes)
Partition - 1
A
A A
Partition – 2 : most recent data
(Absent)
(2 votes) (2 votes)
Resync after 60 min
60. WC1 C2 C1 C2
Degraded Components Repair Immediately
60
D
2
D
3 2
(2 votes)
Hardware Failure Causes Degraded
A
A A
(2 votes) (2 votes)
Known bad,
Resync Now
(Degraded)
61. W C1 C2C1 C2
Fresh components Resynced From Existing Components
61
D
2
D
3 2
(2 votes)
A
A A
(Degraded) (Reconfiguring)
2
Find another host to resync, Resync begins
C1 C2
R R
Resync
Object state is not-compliant but accessible
(Another Host)
62. W
C1 C2
Object is Compliant Again
62
D
2
D
(2 votes)
(Degraded)
2 3 2
(1 vote)
(Active)
(1 vote) (1 vote)
C1 C1
A A
C2C2
A AA
(Active) (Active)(Active) (Active)
Degraded component is marked for deletion
(remove)
69. CONFIDENTIAL
69
Failures to Tolerate (FTT) can be Nested
vSphere vSAN
Host Racks Sites
Survive one site failure and one host failure on the other site
70. Stretched Cluster deployment with local fault protection
70
• Prior examples, host is the fault domain
• 2 Levels of fault domain
– Site and host
• Failures to tolerate at each level
vSphere vSAN
ClusterCluster
5ms RTT, 10GbE
RAID-5
3rd
site for
witness
RAID-5
RAID-1
71. RAID tree for stretched cluster with local fault protection
71
(Site -1) (Site -2)
D2
D1
D3
P1
R5 R5
R1
D2
D1
D3
P1
74. Anatomy of write: from site - 1 to site - 2
74
R1
R5
R5
1 Issue write
(Site -1)
D2
D1
D3
P1
(Site - 2)
D2
D1
D3
P1
Remote Helper Raid Tree
(proxy owner)
R5
Dn
Send only data across sites
2b
2a
Update Local Data
and Parity
3 Remote side calculates
parity.
76. W
R5
5 Votes per site
76
3 voting entities for first level
4 components for second level
(Site -1)
D2
D1 D3
P1
(Site -2)
D2
D1 D3
P1
Total of 5 votes (odd number of votes)
Witness has equal share of votes as
the other 2 entities (e.g. sites)
R1
Site-1, Site-2 and the witness
R5
5 5
1
1 2
1
77. W
R5
Witness is assigned same voting rights as the sites
77
5
3 voting entities for first level
5
4 components for second level
(Site -1)
D2
D1 D3
P1
(Site -2)
D2
D1 D3
P1
Total of 5 votes (odd number of votes)
Witness has equal share of votes as
the other 2 entities (e.g. sites)
R1
Site-1, Site-2 and the witness
R5
5
5 5
79. Anatomy of a All Flash Write
Pretty much same as hybrid:
§ VM running on host H1
§ H1 is owner of virtual disk object Number
Of Failures To Tolerate = 1
§ Object has 2 replicas on H1 and H2
1. Guest OS issues write op to virtual disk
2. Owner clones write op
3. In parallel: sends “prepare” op to H1 (locally)
and H2
4. H1, H2 persist op to Flash (log)
5. H1, H2 ACK prepare op to owner
6. Owner waits for ACK from both ‘prepares’ and
completes I/O
7. Later, owner commits batch of writes
vSphere
Virtual SAN
H3H2H1
6
5
5
2
virtual disk
3
1
4 4
77
80. vSphere
Virtual SAN
H3H2H1
virtual disk
hot
cold
All-flash: Destaging Cache to Capacity
§ Data from committed writes
accumulate on Flash Cache (Write
Buffer)
• From different VMs / virtual disks
§ In all-flash, blocks that are written most
often (hot) stay in write cache.
§ In all-flash, blocks that are infrequently
accessed (cold) are destaged to flash
capacity layer.
81. Nerd Out With These Key vSAN Activities at VMworld
#HitRefresh on your current data center and discover the possibilities!
Earn VMware digital badges to
showcase your skills
• New 2017 vSAN Specialist
Badge
• Education & Certification Lounge:
VM Village
• Certification Exam Center:
Jasmine EFG, Level 3
Become a
vSAN Specialist
Learnfrom self-pacedand expert
led hands on labs
• vSAN Getting Started Workshop
(Expertled)
• VxRail Getting Started (Self
paced)
• Self-Paced lab available online
24x7
Practice with
Hands-on-Labs
Discover how to assess if your IT
is a good fit for HCI
• Four Seasons Willow Room/2nd
floor
• Open from 11am – 5pm Sun,
Mon, and Tue
• Learn more atAssessing &
Sizing in STO1500BU
Visit SDDC
Assessment Lounge
82. 3 Easy Ways to Learn More about vSAN
82
• Live at VMworld
• Practical learning of
vSAN, VxRail and more
• 24x7 availability online
– for free!
vSAN Sizer
vSAN Assessment
New vSAN Tools
• StorageHub.vmware.com
• Reference architectures,
off-line demos and more
• Easy search function
• And More!
Storage Hub Technical Library Hands-On Lab
Test drive vSAN
for free today!