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UNIT IV
Principles of Agile Testing
Testing is continuous
Continuous feedback
Tests performed by the whole team
Decrease time of feedback response
Simplified & clean code
Less documentation
Test Driven
Agile testing methods
• There are various agile testing methods as
follows:
• Behavior Driven Development (BDD)
• Acceptance Test Driven Development (ATDD)
• Exploratory Testing
Advantages of Agile Testing
• The benefits of the agile testing approach are as
follows:
• It saves time and money
• Agile testing reduces documentation
• It is flexible and highly adaptable to changes
• It provides a way for receiving regular feedback
from the end user
• Better determination of issues through daily
meetings

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The document discusses QA best practices in an Agile development environment. It describes key aspects of Agile like iterative delivery, self-organizing teams, and rapid feedback. It addresses challenges of fitting QA into short iterations and questions around testing approaches. The document advocates for testing to be collaborative, automated, and continuous throughout development. It provides recommendations for QA roles in activities like planning, stand-ups, retrospectives and acceptance testing. Overall it promotes testing practices in Agile that focus on early feedback, automation, and involvement of QA throughout the development process.

Test Plan for Agile
• The scope of the testing
• Consolidating new functionalities to be tested
• Types of testing/Levels of testing
• Performance & load testing
• Consideration of infrastructure
• Risks Plan
• Planning of resources
• Deliverables & Milestones
Agile testing lifecycle
TDD
• Test Driven Development means –
• Fewer Bugs.
• Higher quality software.
• Focus on single functionality at a given point
in time.
• Requirements – Drive out requirement issues
early (more focus on requirements in depth).
• Rapid Feedback – Many small changes Vs. One
significant change.
• Values Refactoring – Refactor often to lower
impact and risk.
• Design to Test – Testing driving good design
practice.
• Tests as information – Documenting decisions
and assumptions.

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Test Driven Development helps the
programmer in several ways, such as –
• Improve the code.
• Side by side, increasing the programmer’s
productivity.
•
Using Test Driven Development concept in
one’s programming skills –
• Will save developer’s time which is getting wasted
for rework.
• Able to identify the error/problem quicker and faster.
• The programmer will be able to write small classes
which will be focused only on a single function.
• Whenever the code base gets more prominent, it
becomes tough to change and debug the code.
• But, if developers are using Test Driven
Development technique –
• Means developers have automated tests.
• Writing the test cases for the program which is
a safe side for the programmers.
• It becomes easy to view what the error is,
where it is and how it is paralyzing one’s code.
•
Best Practices to Adopt Test Driven
Development
• Roadmap
• Implementation
• Structure
Top Test Driven Development Tools
• JUnit for Unit Tests
• JMeter for Load/Performance Testing
• Mockito for Rest API Testing

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• Test runner
• Test case
• Test fixtures
• Test suites
• Test execution
• Test result formatter
• Assertions
Agile Testing Strategies
Values of exploration testing
• Individuals and interactions over processes
and tools
• Working software over comprehensive
documentation
• Customer collaboration over contract
negotiation
• Responding to change over following a plan
•
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When to use Exploratory Testing
• In the early stages of SDLC when the code
undergoes rapid change
• Perform unit tests while familiarity with the
application acquire using this approach.
• Preparing test scripts and doing additional
testing in the later stages of SDLC
• Exploratory testing is well suited for agile
environment as it keeps up with the short
scrum cycles.
When to use Exploratory Testing
• While performing exploratory testing, test
plans are developed on the fly which saves lot
of time for the tester. At the end of each
scrum cycle, critical exploratory tests can be
captured for subsequent scrums.
How to do exploratory testing
• Utilize the tester’s ability to learn
• Test case preparation and execution are
performed simultaneously
• Test cases keeps growing
• Testing techniques such as Equivalence
partitioning, Error Guessing, Decision Table
Testing, Boundary Value Analysis and others
could also be combined
• Testers can apply their ideas and never get lost
from their mission
• Exploratory testing doesn’t use test
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• Less preparation is needed and important
bugs are found quickly
• Thinking on your feet, reacting quickly is
encouraged and more defects are uncovered
• Lot of focus is given to expanding knowledge
and learning for the tester
• It can be used to review the work done by
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• Exploratory testing can catch defects that may
have been missed in the test cases
• In case of limited time, exploratory testing can
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testing can be used for existing features
Disadvantages of Exploratory
Testing
• As the tests are invented and performed
randomly, they can’t be reviewed in advance.
• Testing is dependent on tester’s knowledge,
skill and experience.
• Gaining familiarity with an application takes
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missed if the tester has less knowledge of the
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Critical role of exploratory testing
• Find bugs that automated tests miss
• Diversity means discovering more bugs
• Speed of test cycles
5 Rules to the Road For Test
Planning in Agile
• Define a Test Strategy
– QA Build strategy, Test data creation, Types of
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• Define Scope
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Quality Risks
• Incorrect calculations
• Slow response time
• Confusing interface
• Risk analysis prioritizes tasks and guides
• High risks require extensive testing
• Low risks receive cursory testing
• Risk based prioritization also includes release
and iteration backlog items
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• Gather the agile team
• List iteration backlog items
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• Assess identified risks categorize each risk,
determine risk level
• Build consensus and ensure a good distribution of
risk ratings
• Use level of risk to choose extent of testing
• Select appropriate test techniques for each risk
item
Estimating Testing Effort
• During iteration planning, user stories are
estimated
• Story size gives implementation effort
• Risk level should influence story size
• Techniques should be used to reach and
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• Reliable estimation
Example Allocating Test Effort
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• Cursory
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burndown charts
• Test status can be communicated via wikis,
standard test management tools, and during
stand-ups
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a regression test plan is built are:
• Identifying which test cases should be
executed.
• Identifying what improvements must be
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• Identify the time to execute regression testing.
• Outline what needs to be automated in the
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• Analyze the outcome of the regression testing

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UNIT IV.ppt

  • 2. Principles of Agile Testing Testing is continuous Continuous feedback Tests performed by the whole team Decrease time of feedback response Simplified & clean code Less documentation Test Driven
  • 3. Agile testing methods • There are various agile testing methods as follows: • Behavior Driven Development (BDD) • Acceptance Test Driven Development (ATDD) • Exploratory Testing
  • 4. Advantages of Agile Testing • The benefits of the agile testing approach are as follows: • It saves time and money • Agile testing reduces documentation • It is flexible and highly adaptable to changes • It provides a way for receiving regular feedback from the end user • Better determination of issues through daily meetings
  • 5. Test Plan for Agile • The scope of the testing • Consolidating new functionalities to be tested • Types of testing/Levels of testing • Performance & load testing • Consideration of infrastructure • Risks Plan • Planning of resources • Deliverables & Milestones
  • 7. TDD • Test Driven Development means – • Fewer Bugs. • Higher quality software. • Focus on single functionality at a given point in time.
  • 8. • Requirements – Drive out requirement issues early (more focus on requirements in depth). • Rapid Feedback – Many small changes Vs. One significant change. • Values Refactoring – Refactor often to lower impact and risk. • Design to Test – Testing driving good design practice. • Tests as information – Documenting decisions and assumptions.
  • 9. Test Driven Development helps the programmer in several ways, such as – • Improve the code. • Side by side, increasing the programmer’s productivity. •
  • 10. Using Test Driven Development concept in one’s programming skills – • Will save developer’s time which is getting wasted for rework. • Able to identify the error/problem quicker and faster. • The programmer will be able to write small classes which will be focused only on a single function. • Whenever the code base gets more prominent, it becomes tough to change and debug the code.
  • 11. • But, if developers are using Test Driven Development technique – • Means developers have automated tests. • Writing the test cases for the program which is a safe side for the programmers. • It becomes easy to view what the error is, where it is and how it is paralyzing one’s code. •
  • 12. Best Practices to Adopt Test Driven Development • Roadmap • Implementation • Structure Top Test Driven Development Tools • JUnit for Unit Tests • JMeter for Load/Performance Testing • Mockito for Rest API Testing
  • 13. xUnit frameworks • Test runner • Test case • Test fixtures • Test suites • Test execution • Test result formatter • Assertions
  • 15. Values of exploration testing • Individuals and interactions over processes and tools • Working software over comprehensive documentation • Customer collaboration over contract negotiation • Responding to change over following a plan •
  • 17. When to use Exploratory Testing • In the early stages of SDLC when the code undergoes rapid change • Perform unit tests while familiarity with the application acquire using this approach. • Preparing test scripts and doing additional testing in the later stages of SDLC • Exploratory testing is well suited for agile environment as it keeps up with the short scrum cycles.
  • 18. When to use Exploratory Testing • While performing exploratory testing, test plans are developed on the fly which saves lot of time for the tester. At the end of each scrum cycle, critical exploratory tests can be captured for subsequent scrums.
  • 19. How to do exploratory testing • Utilize the tester’s ability to learn • Test case preparation and execution are performed simultaneously • Test cases keeps growing • Testing techniques such as Equivalence partitioning, Error Guessing, Decision Table Testing, Boundary Value Analysis and others could also be combined
  • 20. • Testers can apply their ideas and never get lost from their mission • Exploratory testing doesn’t use test automation, instead it focus on tester’s knowledge, observation and experience • In order to maintain focus, exploratory testing can be session based which provides a structure •
  • 21. Advantages of Exploratory Testing • Less preparation is needed and important bugs are found quickly • Thinking on your feet, reacting quickly is encouraged and more defects are uncovered • Lot of focus is given to expanding knowledge and learning for the tester • It can be used to review the work done by another tester
  • 22. • Exploratory testing can catch defects that may have been missed in the test cases • In case of limited time, exploratory testing can be used to test new features while regression testing can be used for existing features
  • 23. Disadvantages of Exploratory Testing • As the tests are invented and performed randomly, they can’t be reviewed in advance. • Testing is dependent on tester’s knowledge, skill and experience. • Gaining familiarity with an application takes time, so there is a possibility of defects being missed if the tester has less knowledge of the website or application
  • 26. Critical role of exploratory testing • Find bugs that automated tests miss • Diversity means discovering more bugs • Speed of test cycles
  • 27. 5 Rules to the Road For Test Planning in Agile • Define a Test Strategy – QA Build strategy, Test data creation, Types of testing and test tools and Integration testing • Define Scope • Be Prepared to Re-Scope Often • Identify Risks and Mitigation Strategies • Have an Open and Continuous Feedback Loop
  • 28. Agile Lifecycle and Risk-based Testing
  • 32. Assessing Quality risks on Agile Project • Risk: a possible negative outcome • Level of risk: based on likelihood and impact • Quality risks: potential problems with product quality • Project risks: potential problems for project success • Agile quality risk analysis occurs: At a high level during release planning by business • Stakeholders : At a detailed level
  • 33. Quality Risks • Incorrect calculations • Slow response time • Confusing interface • Risk analysis prioritizes tasks and guides • High risks require extensive testing • Low risks receive cursory testing • Risk based prioritization also includes release and iteration backlog items
  • 34. Process of Quality Risk Analysis • Gather the agile team • List iteration backlog items • Identify functional, non-functional quality risk • Assess identified risks categorize each risk, determine risk level • Build consensus and ensure a good distribution of risk ratings • Use level of risk to choose extent of testing • Select appropriate test techniques for each risk item
  • 35. Estimating Testing Effort • During iteration planning, user stories are estimated • Story size gives implementation effort • Risk level should influence story size • Techniques should be used to reach and involve whole team to avoid missing anything • Reliable estimation
  • 36. Example Allocating Test Effort • Extensive • Broad • Cursory • Opportunity • Report bugs only
  • 37. Communicating Test Results • Test progress can be recorded using automated test results, agile task boards, and burndown charts • Test status can be communicated via wikis, standard test management tools, and during stand-ups
  • 39. Regression testing • Before You Build a Regression Testing Strategy • Gather all the test cases that should be executed • Improvements should never halt. Figure out all the improvements that can be implemented in the test cases. • Estimate the time for execution of test cases • Outline what all can be automated and how?
  • 40. A few things to determine before a regression test plan is built are: • Identifying which test cases should be executed. • Identifying what improvements must be implemented in the test-cases. • Identify the time to execute regression testing. • Outline what needs to be automated in the regression test plan and how. • Analyze the outcome of the regression testing
  • 41. Categories & Approach • Sprint level Regression testing(New Functionality) • End to End Regression testing(Core Functionality) • The Traditional Testing Approach • Delayed Week Approach • Delayed Sprint Approach
  • 42. Automated Testing • Automated Testing of Agile Projects vs. Waterfall Projects • Agile Tester Skills – Team work, collaboration and tools • Automation Responsibilities on an Agile Team – any work done repeatedly more than 2 or 3 times need to be automated • Deciding what Tests get Automated in Agile Environments
  • 43. Automated Testing • Start Automating Tests with a TestComplete Free Trial – Mobile, web, Apps • Maintaining and Reviewing Automated Tests in Agile Environments • Agile Teams Automate Black Box and White Box Tests • Implementing Test Driven Development
  • 44. • When Not to Use Automation in an Agile Environment – When test performed once. • Switching from Waterfall to Agile • Functional, GUI, Regression and Performance Testing in an Agile Environment • Automated Testing Starts on Day One • Automated Testing Tool Features - What is More Important to Agile Testers?
  • 45. • Automated Testing ROI in Agile Environments • Automated Testing and Agile Methodologies – Scrum – No automation Lean – Automated • Implementing Automated Testing in Agile Environments – Challenges • Automated Testing Benefits in an Agile Environment
  • 46. Automation Testing Framework for Agile/Scrum Methodology
  • 47. How to automate in Agile Methodology