These are my summarized notes from all the microservices session I attended at QCon 2015. These sessions had tons of learning around how to scale microservices and avoid common pitfalls
Micro-services architecture is an evolutionary design ideal for evolutionary systems where you can’t fully anticipate the types of devices that may one day be accessing your application
KnockoutJS is a JavaScript library that provides declarative bindings between a data model and UI. It exposes the MVVM pattern, separating model, view, and view model concerns. Two-way data binding automatically synchronizes data between the model and view. Observables notify of changes and detect dependencies, enabling two-way binding between UI elements and the JavaScript view model. KnockoutJS is lightweight, fully documented, and suitable for building small to medium single-page applications.
This presentation is conducted on 14th Sept in Limerick DotNet User Group.
(https://www.meetup.com/preview/Limerick-DotNet/events/xskpdnywmbsb)
SlideShare Url: https://www.slideshare.net/lalitkale/introduction-to-microservices-80583928
In this presentation, new architectural style - Microservices and it's emergence is discussed. We will also briefly touch base on what are not microservices, Conway's law and organization design, Principles of microservices and service discovery mechanism and why it is necessary for microservices implementation.
About Speaker:
Lalit is a senior developer, software architect and consultant with more than 12 yrsof .NET experience. He loves to work with C# .NET and Azure platform services like App Services, Virtual Machines, Cortana, and Container Services. He is also the author of 'Building Microservices with .NET Core' (https://www.packtpub.com/web-development/building-microservices-net-core) book.
To know more and connect with Lalit, you can visit his LinkedIn profile below. https://www.linkedin.com/in/lalitkale/
This presentation will be useful for software architects/Managers, senior developers.
Do share your feedback in comments.
This document summarizes one organization's journey from a monolithic application architecture to a microservices architecture. It describes some of the pains of maintaining a monolithic application. It then discusses strategies for breaking the monolith into independently deployable microservices at low risk, including identifying module boundaries, deploying and releasing services independently, virtualizing data integration, and using traffic mirroring. The goal is to increase development velocity while lowering risk.
How to Migrate to Cloud with Complete Confidence and Trust
Henry Stapp, Director of Product Management at Apcera, explores the promises of the cloud and how new technologies (containers, micro-services, etc.) enable unparalleled speed and flexibility.
The document discusses the evolution of IT infrastructure from siloed application architectures to microservices and network-centric architectures. It outlines several principles of microservices, including smart endpoints and decentralized governance. It also notes some disadvantages of microservices like operational overhead and distributed system complexity. Finally, it discusses future challenges like moving from monolithic to multi-cloud architectures and how organizations must structure themselves around network-centric designs.
What is a itil and how does it relate to your collaborative environment uklug
ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library) is a framework for managing IT services and ensuring they meet customer expectations. This presentation discusses key ITIL concepts like defining IT services, delivering services, measuring quality of service, and operational management through monitoring, reporting on KPIs and SLAs, problem and change management. Continuous improvement is important to regularly review services and customer requirements. Standard service requests are repeatable with set processes and timelines.
Early Draft: Service Mesh allows developers to focus on business logic while the crosscutting network data layer code is handled by the Service Mesh. This is a boon because this code can be tricky to implement and hard to test all of the edge cases. Service Mesh takes this a few steps further than AOP or Servlet Filters or custom language-specific frameworks because it works regardless of the underlying programming language being used which is great for polyglot development shops. Thus standardizing how these layers work, while allowing teams to pick the best tools or languages for the job at hand. Kubernetes and Istio Service Mesh automate best practices for DevSecOps needs like: failover, scale-out, scalability, health checks, circuit breakers, rate limiters, metrics, observability, avoiding cascading failure, disaster recovery, and traffic routing; supporting CI/CD and microservices architecture.
Istio’s ability to automate and maintaining zero trust networks is its most important feature. In the age of high-profile data breaches, security is paramount. Companies want to avoid major brand issues that impact the bottom line and shrink market capitalization in an instant. Istio allows a standard way to do mTLS and auto certificate rotation which helps prevent a breach and limits the blast radius if a breach occurs. Istio also takes the concern of mTLS from microservices deployments and makes it easy to use taking the burden off of application developers.
Your Journey to Cloud-Native Begins with DevOps, Microservices, and Containers
Everyone is excited about cloud-native applications. And for good reason! They're scalable, resilient, portable across cloud environments, and make it easier to incorporate customer feedback quickly. But there's a catch: cloud-native applications fundamentally change the way you provision, deploy, and manage your infrastructure.
That's where DevOps, microservices, and containers come in. This session will show you how to combine them to create a highly-automated continuous delivery platform. By streamlining the process to resemble factory assembly lines, you can adapt quickly to market changes and keep your customers happy – without burning your team out.
The introduction covers the following
1. What are Microservices and why should be use this paradigm?
2. 12 factor apps and how Microservices make it easier to create them
3. Characteristics of Microservices
Note: Please download the slides to view animations.
A high-level overview of Microservices architecture topics you should be familiar with before you actually start breaking your monolith into microservices
Going Reactive in Java with Typesafe Reactive Platform
The document discusses reactive applications and the Typesafe Reactive Platform. Reactive applications are message-driven, elastic, resilient, and responsive. They react to changes, scale up and down based on demand, handle failures, and provide low-latency responses. The Typesafe platform includes Akka for building concurrent applications and Play Framework for developing web applications. Both use reactive principles and support features like clustering, event sourcing, and web services. Typesafe delivers training and support for organizations adopting a reactive approach using their Java-based tools.
A survey of problems involved in building containers and build tools such as:
buildah
nixos-container
ansible-container
Smith
Distroless
Buildkit
Source to Image (s2i)
Habitat
The document discusses microservice architecture and compares it to monolithic architecture. It describes microservices as small, discrete, isolated services that can be deployed separately. A monolith is a single application combining all business logic and data access. The document outlines characteristics of microservices such as single responsibility, statelessness, independent data management and communication through APIs or message queues. It also covers deployment, testing, monitoring, metrics and the need for automation and a culture open to change when using microservice architecture.
This is a small introduction to microservices. you can find the differences between microservices and monolithic applications. You will find the pros and cons of microservices. you will also find the challenges (Business/ technical) that you may face while implementing microservices.
The microservice architectural style is an approach to developing a single application as a suite of small services, each running in its own process and communicating with lightweight mechanisms, often an HTTP resource API.
In this slide we have discussed, Monolithic application vs Microservices, applicable scenarios for adopting the architectural pattern, when we need microservices, what are the benefits, case study of an e-commerce platform by compartmentalizing the scopes into different sample microservices and Docker implementations.
The full talk has been recorded here: https://youtu.be/tNlp7HS533g
This document provides an overview of microservices and monolithic architectures. It discusses how monolithic applications are self-contained and execute end-to-end tasks, while microservices are small, independent services that communicate to perform tasks. The document outlines characteristics of each approach and compares their advantages and disadvantages, such as improved scalability, deployment and innovation with microservices versus better performance with monolithic architectures. Examples of companies using microservices are also provided.
Whar are microservices and microservices architecture (MSA) How we reach them? Are they the same or SoA or not? When to use them? What are the key characteristics?
Slides of my talk given in #Gapand2017 in Andorra
“ The Microservices architecture has many appealing qualities, but the road towards it has painful traps for the unwary. This book will help you figure out if this path is for you, and how to avoid those traps on your journey.”
—Martin Fowler Chief Scientist, ThoughtWorks
Presentazione dello speech tenuto da Carmine Spagnuolo (Postdoctoral Research Fellow - Università degli Studi di Salerno/ ACT OR) dal titolo "Technology insights: Decision Science Platform", durante il Decision Science Forum 2019, il più importante evento italiano sulla Scienza delle Decisioni.
A journey of a FinTech application into the cloud, starting as a monolith and growing to MicroServices. Why going functional is so good for finance technology, and how Scala helped us build a better application.
This document discusses deployability and continuous deployment in the context of microservice architectures. It begins by describing National ICT Australia (NICTA) and its work in information and communications technology research. It then discusses how microservice architectures support continuous deployment by allowing individual teams to deploy new versions of their services independently without coordination. Key aspects of microservice architectures that enable this include: each service having a single responsibility; services communicating asynchronously via messaging; and services registering themselves with a discovery service. The document also discusses how feature toggles and canary deployments can be used to maintain consistency when deploying new versions of services.
Where SOA and Monolitch EAR have failed. It's not simple to have your Apps scaling automagically without a very complex architecture. We're going to show pros and cons of so called Cloud-Native Applications based on Microservices, Caas, DevOps, Continuous Delivery....
- Microservices architecture breaks applications into small, independent services that focus on specific tasks and communicate over well-defined interfaces. This improves scalability, flexibility and allows for independent development and deployment of services.
- The architecture promotes separating concerns, with each small service handling a single "verb" of the application and teams owning service groups. Services are stateless and communicate asynchronously over lightweight protocols.
- Automating deployment through containerization allows for easy rollout of new versions with zero downtime and elastic scaling of services based on demand. Monitoring provides visibility into technical and business metrics of the distributed system.
Microservice architecture breaks applications into small, independent services that communicate over lightweight protocols. The principles of microservice architecture include organizing services around business capabilities, making services independently deployable, embracing decentralized governance and data, automating infrastructure, designing for failure, and evolving the design iteratively. Microservices help improve agility, scalability, and resilience through loose coupling and independent deployability of services.
Making sense of microservices, service mesh, and serverlessChristian Posta
As companies move to become digital, we can get sidetracked and distracted by some of the changes in the technology landscape. Ideally we will be harnessing technology to solve the problems we have and leverage it to deliver software faster and safer. In this talk, I'll we'll take a look at some new technology trends in the open-source communities and when and how to use them.
Micro-services architecture is an evolutionary design ideal for evolutionary systems where you can’t fully anticipate the types of devices that may one day be accessing your application
KnockoutJS is a JavaScript library that provides declarative bindings between a data model and UI. It exposes the MVVM pattern, separating model, view, and view model concerns. Two-way data binding automatically synchronizes data between the model and view. Observables notify of changes and detect dependencies, enabling two-way binding between UI elements and the JavaScript view model. KnockoutJS is lightweight, fully documented, and suitable for building small to medium single-page applications.
This presentation is conducted on 14th Sept in Limerick DotNet User Group.
(https://www.meetup.com/preview/Limerick-DotNet/events/xskpdnywmbsb)
SlideShare Url: https://www.slideshare.net/lalitkale/introduction-to-microservices-80583928
In this presentation, new architectural style - Microservices and it's emergence is discussed. We will also briefly touch base on what are not microservices, Conway's law and organization design, Principles of microservices and service discovery mechanism and why it is necessary for microservices implementation.
About Speaker:
Lalit is a senior developer, software architect and consultant with more than 12 yrsof .NET experience. He loves to work with C# .NET and Azure platform services like App Services, Virtual Machines, Cortana, and Container Services. He is also the author of 'Building Microservices with .NET Core' (https://www.packtpub.com/web-development/building-microservices-net-core) book.
To know more and connect with Lalit, you can visit his LinkedIn profile below. https://www.linkedin.com/in/lalitkale/
This presentation will be useful for software architects/Managers, senior developers.
Do share your feedback in comments.
Lowering the risk of monolith to microservicesChristian Posta
This document summarizes one organization's journey from a monolithic application architecture to a microservices architecture. It describes some of the pains of maintaining a monolithic application. It then discusses strategies for breaking the monolith into independently deployable microservices at low risk, including identifying module boundaries, deploying and releasing services independently, virtualizing data integration, and using traffic mirroring. The goal is to increase development velocity while lowering risk.
How to Migrate to Cloud with Complete Confidence and TrustApcera
Henry Stapp, Director of Product Management at Apcera, explores the promises of the cloud and how new technologies (containers, micro-services, etc.) enable unparalleled speed and flexibility.
Microservices and the future on InfrastructurePini Reznik
The document discusses the evolution of IT infrastructure from siloed application architectures to microservices and network-centric architectures. It outlines several principles of microservices, including smart endpoints and decentralized governance. It also notes some disadvantages of microservices like operational overhead and distributed system complexity. Finally, it discusses future challenges like moving from monolithic to multi-cloud architectures and how organizations must structure themselves around network-centric designs.
What is a itil and how does it relate to your collaborative environment uklugdominion
ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library) is a framework for managing IT services and ensuring they meet customer expectations. This presentation discusses key ITIL concepts like defining IT services, delivering services, measuring quality of service, and operational management through monitoring, reporting on KPIs and SLAs, problem and change management. Continuous improvement is important to regularly review services and customer requirements. Standard service requests are repeatable with set processes and timelines.
Early Draft: Service Mesh allows developers to focus on business logic while the crosscutting network data layer code is handled by the Service Mesh. This is a boon because this code can be tricky to implement and hard to test all of the edge cases. Service Mesh takes this a few steps further than AOP or Servlet Filters or custom language-specific frameworks because it works regardless of the underlying programming language being used which is great for polyglot development shops. Thus standardizing how these layers work, while allowing teams to pick the best tools or languages for the job at hand. Kubernetes and Istio Service Mesh automate best practices for DevSecOps needs like: failover, scale-out, scalability, health checks, circuit breakers, rate limiters, metrics, observability, avoiding cascading failure, disaster recovery, and traffic routing; supporting CI/CD and microservices architecture.
Istio’s ability to automate and maintaining zero trust networks is its most important feature. In the age of high-profile data breaches, security is paramount. Companies want to avoid major brand issues that impact the bottom line and shrink market capitalization in an instant. Istio allows a standard way to do mTLS and auto certificate rotation which helps prevent a breach and limits the blast radius if a breach occurs. Istio also takes the concern of mTLS from microservices deployments and makes it easy to use taking the burden off of application developers.
Your Journey to Cloud-Native Begins with DevOps, Microservices, and ContainersAtlassian
Everyone is excited about cloud-native applications. And for good reason! They're scalable, resilient, portable across cloud environments, and make it easier to incorporate customer feedback quickly. But there's a catch: cloud-native applications fundamentally change the way you provision, deploy, and manage your infrastructure.
That's where DevOps, microservices, and containers come in. This session will show you how to combine them to create a highly-automated continuous delivery platform. By streamlining the process to resemble factory assembly lines, you can adapt quickly to market changes and keep your customers happy – without burning your team out.
The introduction covers the following
1. What are Microservices and why should be use this paradigm?
2. 12 factor apps and how Microservices make it easier to create them
3. Characteristics of Microservices
Note: Please download the slides to view animations.
A high-level overview of Microservices architecture topics you should be familiar with before you actually start breaking your monolith into microservices
The document discusses reactive applications and the Typesafe Reactive Platform. Reactive applications are message-driven, elastic, resilient, and responsive. They react to changes, scale up and down based on demand, handle failures, and provide low-latency responses. The Typesafe platform includes Akka for building concurrent applications and Play Framework for developing web applications. Both use reactive principles and support features like clustering, event sourcing, and web services. Typesafe delivers training and support for organizations adopting a reactive approach using their Java-based tools.
A survey of problems involved in building containers and build tools such as:
buildah
nixos-container
ansible-container
Smith
Distroless
Buildkit
Source to Image (s2i)
Habitat
The document discusses microservice architecture and compares it to monolithic architecture. It describes microservices as small, discrete, isolated services that can be deployed separately. A monolith is a single application combining all business logic and data access. The document outlines characteristics of microservices such as single responsibility, statelessness, independent data management and communication through APIs or message queues. It also covers deployment, testing, monitoring, metrics and the need for automation and a culture open to change when using microservice architecture.
This is a small introduction to microservices. you can find the differences between microservices and monolithic applications. You will find the pros and cons of microservices. you will also find the challenges (Business/ technical) that you may face while implementing microservices.
The microservice architectural style is an approach to developing a single application as a suite of small services, each running in its own process and communicating with lightweight mechanisms, often an HTTP resource API.
In this slide we have discussed, Monolithic application vs Microservices, applicable scenarios for adopting the architectural pattern, when we need microservices, what are the benefits, case study of an e-commerce platform by compartmentalizing the scopes into different sample microservices and Docker implementations.
The full talk has been recorded here: https://youtu.be/tNlp7HS533g
This document provides an overview of microservices and monolithic architectures. It discusses how monolithic applications are self-contained and execute end-to-end tasks, while microservices are small, independent services that communicate to perform tasks. The document outlines characteristics of each approach and compares their advantages and disadvantages, such as improved scalability, deployment and innovation with microservices versus better performance with monolithic architectures. Examples of companies using microservices are also provided.
Whar are microservices and microservices architecture (MSA) How we reach them? Are they the same or SoA or not? When to use them? What are the key characteristics?
Slides of my talk given in #Gapand2017 in Andorra
“ The Microservices architecture has many appealing qualities, but the road towards it has painful traps for the unwary. This book will help you figure out if this path is for you, and how to avoid those traps on your journey.”
—Martin Fowler Chief Scientist, ThoughtWorks
Presentazione dello speech tenuto da Carmine Spagnuolo (Postdoctoral Research Fellow - Università degli Studi di Salerno/ ACT OR) dal titolo "Technology insights: Decision Science Platform", durante il Decision Science Forum 2019, il più importante evento italiano sulla Scienza delle Decisioni.
A journey of a FinTech application into the cloud, starting as a monolith and growing to MicroServices. Why going functional is so good for finance technology, and how Scala helped us build a better application.
This document discusses deployability and continuous deployment in the context of microservice architectures. It begins by describing National ICT Australia (NICTA) and its work in information and communications technology research. It then discusses how microservice architectures support continuous deployment by allowing individual teams to deploy new versions of their services independently without coordination. Key aspects of microservice architectures that enable this include: each service having a single responsibility; services communicating asynchronously via messaging; and services registering themselves with a discovery service. The document also discusses how feature toggles and canary deployments can be used to maintain consistency when deploying new versions of services.
Where SOA and Monolitch EAR have failed. It's not simple to have your Apps scaling automagically without a very complex architecture. We're going to show pros and cons of so called Cloud-Native Applications based on Microservices, Caas, DevOps, Continuous Delivery....
This talk was done in Feb 2020. Sergey and I co-presented at CTO Forum on Microservices and Service Mesh (how they relate, requirements, goals, best practices and how DevOps and Agile has had convergence in the set of features for Service Mesh and gateways around observability, feature flags, etc.)
Comparing and contrasting monolithic systems to Lego pieces (microservices) at the 50,000 foot view. In this presentation we will compare and contrast monolithic systems to microservices. We will then take a look at some of the down sides to microservices. And then we will discuss some strategies for building microservices.
The document discusses microservices architecture and monolithic architecture. It defines microservices as an architectural style where applications are composed of small, independent services that communicate over well-defined APIs. This allows for independent deployability and scalability of individual services. The document contrasts this with monolithic architecture, which packages an entire application into a single deployable unit with tight coupling between components.
This document discusses the seven deadly sins of microservices and how to avoid them. The sins include lusting after new technology without consideration for operations, gluttony by not implementing circuit breakers, greed in creating too many small services, sloth by not properly separating services, wrath from ignoring issues in distributed systems, envy of other teams' deployment processes, and pride in thinking tests are not needed. The document provides recommendations to help address each sin such as starting small, service ownership, automated testing, monitoring, and continuous delivery practices.
Microservices are small, autonomous services that work together to form an application. The document discusses the benefits of microservices as well as the "Seven Deadly Sins" that can plague microservices architectures: lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, and pride. It provides examples and recommendations to avoid these anti-patterns, such as implementing circuit breakers, proper service boundaries, independent deployments, versioned APIs, and thorough automated testing.
- Venkat is the DevOps Practice Leader at NewtGlobal with over 16 years of experience delivering enterprise projects.
- The webinar will discuss microservices and include a Q&A session. Questions can be asked in the chat window.
- Moving from monolithic to microservices architecture allows individual components to be independently deployed, scaled, and developed using different technologies. This improves agility but also increases complexity.
Istio as an enabler for migrating to microservices (edition 2022)Ahmed Misbah
This session is targeted towards teams and organizations considering to migrate their applications from monolithic to Microservice architecture by proposing Istio as an enabler. Istio is an implementation of service mesh, a technology useful for migrating to Microservices iteratively and safely.
Migrating application architectures to Microservices is considered a key area of transformation in the IT world. Modernizing legacy applications to Kubernetes-based Microservices can prove to be very challenging if not planned correctly, taking into consideration the right technologies and enablers.
This session explains how Istio can be used as a bridge and enabler for modernizing legacy monolithic applications to Microservices. Topics covered in the session will include:
1- Advantages of migrating to Microservices and service mesh .
2- Designing a Microservice application based on splitting an existing monolithic application.
3- Implementing Microservices iteratively as a strangler fig application with Istio.
4- Features Istio provides as a service mesh platform.
This document discusses when a service mesh may be needed and provides an overview of the current service mesh landscape. It begins with why microservices are adopted and the challenges of operating distributed applications. It then describes a maturity journey where a service mesh is not initially needed but may become useful for applications that become more complex, distributed, and interdependent. The document outlines some current major service mesh implementations and notes that the technology is still new and changing rapidly. It recommends investigating service meshes through proof of concepts but cautions that production usage requires significant resources. It profiles F5 Aspen Mesh and NGINX solutions for service meshes and microservices.
This document provides an introduction to APIs and microservices. It discusses how digital transformation is forcing businesses to change how they operate and engage with customers. Microservices break applications into small, independent services that work together. APIs act as the public interface of microservices. Well-designed microservices and APIs can help businesses achieve greater agility, faster delivery, and ability to manage complexity at scale.
Similar to QCon 2015 - Microservices Track Notes (20)
The DealBook is our annual overview of the Ukrainian tech investment industry. This edition comprehensively covers the full year 2023 and the first deals of 2024.
Mitigating the Impact of State Management in Cloud Stream Processing SystemsScyllaDB
Stream processing is a crucial component of modern data infrastructure, but constructing an efficient and scalable stream processing system can be challenging. Decoupling compute and storage architecture has emerged as an effective solution to these challenges, but it can introduce high latency issues, especially when dealing with complex continuous queries that necessitate managing extra-large internal states.
In this talk, we focus on addressing the high latency issues associated with S3 storage in stream processing systems that employ a decoupled compute and storage architecture. We delve into the root causes of latency in this context and explore various techniques to minimize the impact of S3 latency on stream processing performance. Our proposed approach is to implement a tiered storage mechanism that leverages a blend of high-performance and low-cost storage tiers to reduce data movement between the compute and storage layers while maintaining efficient processing.
Throughout the talk, we will present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in mitigating the impact of S3 latency on stream processing. By the end of the talk, attendees will have gained insights into how to optimize their stream processing systems for reduced latency and improved cost-efficiency.
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Sustainability requires ingenuity and stewardship. Did you know Pigging Solutions pigging systems help you achieve your sustainable manufacturing goals AND provide rapid return on investment.
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3. KeyNote: Micro Chips to
Microservices
• 1945 - 2015 - We have increased the calc/sec by 1 Trillion
• Hardware mainly scaled by miniaturization & abstraction like plug n play.
• Software doesn’t really scale by abstraction e.g. the software we write today hasn’t
abstracted much after high level language e.g. fortran and HTML are in the same
generation.
• Software scales by federation and wide participation
• Wide participation means lots of different people bring their knowledge to find out different
things and contribute to knowledge base.
• Federated architecture means you can do stuff like create your own website, app and you
can do whatever you want individually without effecting other parts of internet or app
ecosystem and then bring your learning and share with rest of the world.
• So if you are thinking of scaling something think about how can you federate and then
share the learnings from each federation.
4. KeyNote: Micro Chips to
Microservices
One of the ways to do this federated architecture is Micro-
services and here are few points about it:
1. Has to be independently Deployable (fundamental value)
2. End-to-end responsibility of one single small team
3. No Central Database
4. Extensive Automation & Monitoring
5. Smart Versioning Services
5. KeyNote: Micro Chips to
Microservices
Checklist before you start embarking on Micro-services track
1. Is it right for the domain? (usually very high volumes)
2. Do you understand the domain boundaries? (refactoring
across services is very hard)
3. Can you maintain strict discipline? (interaction restricted to
hardened interfaces)
4. Can you have high situational awareness about your
systems? i.e. consumer knows that producer before
deployment that interfaces are same not only relying on
Mocks
6. KeyNote: Micro Chips to
Microservices
Strategies for Monolith
• Start packing related code into a container
• For complex system, large releases can cause lot of
instability. So you should do small continuous
deployment
• Deployment is different from releases, switching
feature flags on and off is considered releasing
8. Netflix’s Viewing Data Microservices
• Netflix Scale
• 62 Million members
• 50+ counteries
• 3 Billion Hours/Month
• 1000+ device types
• 37% Downstream bandwidth of N/A
9. Netflix’s Viewing Data Microservices
• Viewing Data Services need to calculate
• Who, What, When, Where (physical and device) and how long they
watched
• How does this benefits users?
• How does this benefit Users?
• Pickup where you left off (switch devices)
• MyActivity timeline
• Helps Netflix see the quality like what was buffer speed etc.
• Helps them subscription purchase e.g. they figured out that Adam
Sandler does well in all the regions, so they made a deal with him
10. Netflix’s Viewing Data Microservices
High volume events like Hearbeats events and Read Last events both going
to stateful tier
System Architecture before Microservices
13. Netflix’s Viewing Data Microservices
• Why change? (assume all this risk and cost)
• Current System would have worked really great for next few years,
monolith are not a bad thing and many times its actually great
• They wanted to do before the imminent need so they can do
mindfully
• They wanted to work in a mode where there is no maintenance
mode
• Rapid growth due to Virtuous Cycle: Viewing - Improved
Personalization - Better Experience - more viewing
• Stateful instance count remain same 24/7 regardless of loads
14. Netflix’s Viewing Data Microservices
• How did we do that?
• Shadow Testing
• All the request goes through both the systems legacy and micro
services but only the legacy system serve the users.
• This helps not only making sure that its operating correctly but also that
its working properly at scale
• Traffic Dial
• To do this they needed to make sure they have a consistsnt view of the
world. So they sacrificed bit of pure microservice system and removed
persistent from services and pointed them to old legacy system
• 1% of the traffic was directly hitting some of the service then dial up
from there to 100%
15. Netflix’s Viewing Data Microservices
Key Points
• Devour the whale a bite at a time
• Design for idempotency so it can replayed (using
something like CQRS/Event Sourcing)
• System architectures are throw-away artefacts,
useful for only a limited time. Design for 10X plan
to rewrite before 100x - System Arc is a throw
away artifact.
17. Engineering for Scale at VMTurbo
• Who are VM Turbo?
• VMTurbo is a data center control system and does automatic
resource allocation
• They do that by creating marketplace between workload
(applications, VMs, containers) as buyers and CPU, storage, fabric
as sellers
• Why not architecture from microservices from beginning?
• Monolith allows you to explore the complexity of a system and its
component boundaries
• Martin fowler said in a recent article how you shouldn’t start with
microservices in the beginning to get understanding of your domain
19. Engineering for Scale at VMTurbo
• Problems
• Release cycle for 6 months with interim patches
• No metrics captured
• Monolothic team because of monolithic architecture
• Monolothic Architecture caused scalability, concurrency and tangled interface
between components.
• Catalysts for Change
• Growth in customer base
• More Large Environments
• Geographical Spread of Team
• More Frequent Deleviries
20. Engineering for Scale at VMTurbo
• Steps to create first service
• Clean up the interface between Mediation (service to
be created) and the Analysis component
• Separate Mediation component completely from
Monolith
• Publish APIs - so anyone can write mediation
component and works with VMTurbo Analysis
21. Microservices and the art of
taming the dependency hell
Michael Bryzek Cofounder & ex-CTO Gilt
@mbryzek
mbryzek@alum.mit.edu
22. Microservices and the art of taming
the dependency hell
• Gilt which is an organization with 1500 git repos and
over 150 micorservices. Its about 1000 people with
150+ people in tech
• Gilt started with very basic Rails monolithic
architecture
• They started with excessive caching but soon they
realize that its very hard to reason about how adding
any new feature will effect in realtime.
• They started minimizing caching but depending on
very fast data store
23. Microservices and the art of taming
the dependency hell
• They started extracting the highly available parts of the application
and put them behind service. Few services they extracted were:
• User Service with 10K RPS with millions of users. They went for
mongoDB to give absolute consistency instead of eventual
consistency.
• Catalog Service with 5K RPS and used relational DB
• Inventory Service with 10K RPS+ with guarantee never oversold
and used HBase.
• Cart Service with low throughput and used Dynamo DB
• Any significant features they add start becoming the service.
24. Microservices and the art of taming
the dependency hell
• What are the problems once they started adding services?
• Builds get larger and slower - You keep depending on services and
start adding client libraries for services now you have world
downloaded
• Create new client libraries that are each just a little bit different
• Produce custom APIs instead of consistent APIs that reduce
interoperability
• Increase amount of boilerplate code
• Reduce code quality; slow down development
• And Eventually you will see a production error
25. Microservices and the art of taming
the dependency hell
• To minimize all those pains they followed guiding principle
called The Open Source Way.
• This means making the way we build propriety software
similar to the way open source is done. In the following
areas:
• How do they provide documentation?
• How does the library integrates with other apps?
• How do i get support/contribute/report bugs?
• public or private is a detail.
26. Microservices and the art of taming
the dependency hell
Some specific strategies to avoid these problems and manage dependencies are
1. Tooling Matters
• Anyone who has succeeded with Microservices is they have used extensive
tooling to automate stuff.
2. API Design must be first class
• Design of your API and the data structures are hardest to change
afterwards.
• You can tools like Protobufs, thrift, avro, swagger 2.0 and apidoc to make
schema as your first class and makes it very easy for consumer to knows
what data its getting.
• Schema first design is the most important concept to avoid the dependency
hell.
27. Microservices and the art of taming
the dependency hell
3. Accurate Documentation
• Documentation should be of the similar to the amount needed for an open
source project to be successful.
• Using semantic versioning to point out if there is any breaking changes.
• Accurate documentation can be achieved by producing the documentation in
software process
4. Generating Client Side Libraries
• Makes it easy to test
• Reduces lot of boilerplate
• Consistent naming
• You can minimize the external dependencies
28. Microservices and the art of taming
the dependency hell
5. Backward Compatibility
• Renaming just doesn’t work.
• Introduce new model, migrate and deprecate all the old stuff
6. Forward Compatibility
• Your service shouldn’t blow up if new field is added or seen by
the system.
• Careful of enums, what happens when you add a value in the
future.
• Don’t throw exception if new field shows up
29. Scaling Stack Overflow: Keeping it
Vertical by Obsessing Over Performance
(case for monoliths)
David Fullerton
@df07
30. Scaling Stack Overflow: Keeping it Vertical by Obsessing
Over Performance
• 4 Billion Requests/Month, 3K requests/s, 45 M uniques/month, 8K qs/month
and 500,000 page-views/month
• 34 Devs, 6 sysadmins, 6 designers, 75% remote
• Their Architecture
• 2 HAProxy - one failover
• 9 web servers
• 4 SQL Servers (Vertical scaling - 2 clusters)
• 2 Redis Servers
• 3 Elastic Servers
• 3 Tag Engine
32. Scaling Stack Overflow: Keeping it Vertical by Obsessing
Over Performance
• It’s what they called Monolith Plus most of the stuff happens in web
tier and DB.
• It scales really good for them.
• All of their web servers and SQL servers are running under 10% CPU
consumption and majority of the RAM consumption is under 70%
• Deploys all day everyday, deploy through web tier in 3 minutes. This
gives them huge ability to test on production since they can roll out so
fast
• Testing on users, few unit test and integration test not lot of
automated tests.
• Big believer in feature flags.
33. Scaling Stack Overflow: Keeping it Vertical by Obsessing
Over Performance
!
• This works specifically for stackoverflow because
• Read-heavy load centered on one page.
• Forgiving community — they released the bug with alert on the homepage
• How do they work?
• Start with what they know
• Measure it live
• Fix the slow - because performance is a feature
• Use excessive caching
• Optimizing for performance instead of scaling out
34. Scaling Stack Overflow: Keeping it
Vertical by Obsessing Over Performance
“my primary guideline would be don’t even consider
micro service unless you have a system that’s too
complex to manage as a monolith” — Martin Fowler
35. The Seven Deadly Sins of
Microservices
Daniel Bryant
@danielbryantuk
36. Seven Deadly Sins of Microservices
1. Lust - using the latest and greatest
• Choose Boring Technology
• Use Matt Raibel’s comparison framework to add objectivity
2. Gluttony - Excessive communication protocols
• Choose initially only one Sync (e.g. JSON over HTTP) and one Async ( eg. RabbitMQ) protocol
3. Greed - All your Service are belong to us
• Don’t underestimate the effect it will happen on your organization not necessarily only technical
side
• Few good books - The Connected Company, The Modern Firm, On Chnage Management
4. Sloth - Creating a distributed monolith
• If you can’t deploy services independently then you are not doing micro services
37. Seven Deadly Sins of Microservices
5. Wrath - Blowing up when bad things happen
• Putting the chaos monkey is really useful to put in your deployment pipeline
• Read up on Release It!
6. Envy - The shared single domain fallacy
• One model breaks encapsulation and introduces coupiing
• Know DDD
7. Pride - Testing the world of transience
• There is a mindset change in how you are testing
• Invest in your Build Pipeline
• Use Serenity BDD
• Wiremock - testing in jenkins fault tolerence
• Testing in production? - Netflix and Gilt - once you reach at certain level of services only way to test is in
production
38. Summary
• Know your domains very well before you start creating microservices because refactoring
across services is very hard
• You are not doing microservice if you are not independently deploying
• Make API design first class by using tools like swagger and apidoc
• Architect for failure and build the failure testing in your build pipeline by using tools like
Wiremock
• Testing is really hard because its impossible to have the full view of the system all the time. So
have to invest in tools, API documentation and build pipeline to better gauge your system.
• Use generated clients to avoid tons of boilerplate
• Don’t borrow other people problems, figure out your own pain points.
• Microservices have a hefty tax and it usually worth it if the team size, complexity or the scale
of the app is growing
• Monoloiths maybe the best architecture in certain domains eg. Stackoverflow