Blockchain and Kudos - Educational record, reputation and reward
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The document proposes using blockchain technology to create distributed, permanent records of educational achievements and intellectual works. This would allow the development of a system of "tradeable educational reputation" called Kudos to recognize and reward intellectual achievement. Key aspects include: - Storing verifiable records of student achievements and awards on an educational blockchain. - Allowing individuals to log intellectual works like inventions, papers, or art onto the blockchain and associate them with their identity and timestamp. - Having recognized educational institutions allocate an initial amount of Kudos reputation currency based on their ranking, which can then be awarded to students/employees or traded similarly to cryptocurrency. - Enabling a potential marketplace where individuals can spend
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Blockchain and Kudos - Educational record, reputation and reward
- 1. The Blockchain and Kudos A distributed system for educational record, reputation and reward Mike Sharples, Institute of Educational Technology John Domingue, Knowledge Media Institute
- 2. The opportunity To combine trusted distributed records of educational achievement with a system of tradeable educational reputation to recognise and reward intellectual achievement to open up education, while assuring quality of achievement
- 3. The blockchain 3 data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) H( ) A public distributed linked list with hash pointers A user can easily and quickly retrieve information from the list The hash function verifies that the data hasn’t been changed Core mechanism for Bitcoin transactions, but can be adapted for other uses
- 4. The blockchain 4 data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) H( ) Blockchain can contain Smart Contracts: computer code to carry out transactions, such as sending an invoice Smart Contract Computer code Computer code Computer code
- 5. Educational blockchain 5 data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) H( ) Stores records of achievement Public evidence of an award
- 6. Educational blockchain 6 data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) data prev: H( ) H( ) Mike Sharples x x x Stores records of achievement Public evidence of an award Once stored, these cannot be altered, even by the original issuer
- 7. Blockchain as proof of intellectual work ● Public blockchain for education ● Any person can lodge a public record of a ‘big idea’ Such as an invention, academic paper, poem, artwork ● Each big idea is identified with the author(s) and time-stamped ● One or more people could add their digital signatures to the record ● Permanent e-portfolio of intellectual achievement, visible to anyone ● Crowd-sourced method of patenting 7 https://techcrunch.com/2016/03/14/blockai-launch/
- 8. Blockchain for intellectual currency 8 ● Reputation has a tradeable value (e.g., Uber, AirBnB) ● Reputation is already traded among academics (e.g. H-index of publication impact) ● Now imagine open trading of intellectual reputation ● Each recognized educational institution is given an initial award of an intellectual currency (the Kudos) Based on e.g. THE World Ranking, or H-index, or Amazon author rank ● Each institution allocates amounts of Kudos to employees it wishes to recognise ● Each institution and person stores its fund of reputation in a virtual ‘wallet’ on the educational blockchain
- 9. Trading in intellectual currency ● Educational institution awards small amounts of Kudos to students who graduate ● Student may pay a tutor in Bitcoin currency, and receive Kudos in return for passing a test or completing a tutorial ● Any individual can post an item of note on the educational Blockchain e.g., idea, presentation, paper, story, poem, artwork ● People can associate Kudos with that item to indicate its value ● Or can transfer small amounts of Kudos to the author to boost author’s reputation ● Similar to Kickstarter, but with a currency of reputation ● Amount of Kudos associated with a work or author is an indication of their intellectual value 9 Reputation on iSpot http://www.ispotnature.org/
- 10. OpenBlockchain Blockchain-based e-portfolios, feedback and accreditation blockchain.open.ac.uk 10 Collaboration with APPII (appii.iio) on trusted open profiles and CVs Adding OpenLearn badges and course portfolios onto to the OpenBlockchain
- 11. What if? ● A single universal record of intellectual works and awards, each associated with reputational credit ● Extends academic practices of reputation and review to anyone ● Conversion rate between reputation and money? ● What is the value of scholarship? ● Do we want education to be (further) commodified? ● Marketplace for knowledge, or opening up education? 11