BIOMECAHNICS PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN MOTION.pptx

The document provides a review of literature on motor control assessment. It discusses various aspects of motor control assessment including history taking, functional activity assessment, body structure and function assessment, outcome measures, and evaluation of specific areas like stability, mobility, strength, range of motion, and functional activity status. It also summarizes various studies that have evaluated methods and tools for motor control assessment like use of dynamometers, goniometers, and activity monitors.

Biofeedback machines commonly used in the physiotherapy practice are described along with available evidences for clinical use. Most of the feedback modalities are described along with its use and the mechanism behind it. 22- Force platform- is the device used to measure the ground reaction forces in steady and/or in moving phase. Sensors in the force platform give visual feedback on the screen attached to therapist as well as patient about the weight distribution and other parameters of gait can also be measured. 33- Mirror -used as visual feedback to treat the pain as well as disability in different conditions. It healps to activate the mirror neuron in the brain. Mirrior therapy proposed by Ramchandran et al has been found most beneficial treatment in the phantom limb pain treatment

The document discusses disablement, its process, and common models used to describe it. It defines disablement and outlines Nagi, ICIDH, and ICF models of the disablement process. These models progress from pathology and impairment at the tissue/organ level to functional limitation and disability at the personal level to participation restrictions at the societal level. The document also discusses how therapeutic exercise can impact different levels of the disablement process by reducing impairments and improving function. Common physical therapy impairments, limitations, activity categories, and risk factors are also outlined.

- Centripetal force is the force required to move an object in a circular path with constant speed. It acts towards the center of the circular path. - An object moving in a circular motion experiences centripetal acceleration even if its speed is constant, because its direction is continuously changing. - Centripetal acceleration is the acceleration produced in circular motion by the centripetal force. It is calculated as v^2/r, where v is the object's speed and r is the radius of the circular path.

This document outlines the key topics to be covered in the BIOE 3200 biomechanics course for Fall 2015. Students will learn to define and distinguish between kinematics, which describes motion without regard to causes, and kinetics, which analyzes the forces that cause motion using Newton's laws. The course will teach how to draw free body diagrams, apply equations of motion, and use kinematic relationships to solve biomechanics problems involving subjects extending their legs as quickly as possible.

This document outlines the physiotherapy management for obstetric brachial plexus injury. It involves initial rest, followed by gentle range of motion exercises to maintain flexibility and strength. Specific exercises target the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand. Positioning and splinting are also used to prevent contractures while allowing the involved arm to function. Sensory re-education helps address any loss of sensation. The overall goals are to maintain range of motion, muscle suppleness and strength, prevent contractures, and maximize functional recovery of the affected arm.

Here discuss some important bio mechanical aspects of the orthosis we use use in daily physio-therapeutic rehabilitation. We also discuss the principles under which all the orthosis works. references are various articles from pubmed. For furthur read refer Atlas of orthosis and assistive aids.

This document discusses angular kinetics and its application to human movement. It provides explanations of key concepts such as torque, moment of force, moment arm, and inertia. Examples are given to illustrate how these principles can be used to analyze human motions like sprinting starts, gymnastic skills, and strength testing positions. Key points covered include definitions of torque and inertia, factors that influence torque magnitude, and how to calculate and sum torques at joints to determine net torque and equilibrium.

This document discusses the center of gravity (COG) and its importance in human movement and sports performance. It defines the COG as the point where the entire mass of an object can be considered to be concentrated and balanced. The location of the human body's COG depends on limb positioning and can change with movement. Maintaining stability is important in many sports and depends on factors like base of support and the distance between the COG and the edge of the support. Two methods for calculating a person's COG are described: the reaction board method and the segmental method.

this presentation is about the basic information about the biomechanics which also include kinetics and kinematics

Intended for BPT 1st year undergraduate students. Acknowledgement: Swathi Ganesh, my classmate during MPT prepared the slide which I modified for the purpose of teaching students.

Chapter 8 of Therapeutic exercise handout https://www.slideshare.net/RijwanBhuiyan/therapeutic-exercise-handout https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6349232

this presentation include different types of orthosis used in different neurological conditions with recent advances.

This presentation is detail about Volta therapy which is commonly used in paediatric neurological conditions and also for adults. this presentation explains what are the various techniques, methods of application of Volta therapy, indications, contraindications, etc.

This document discusses ethics in physiotherapy. It outlines seven principles of ethics: selflessness, integrity, objectivity, accountability, openness, honesty, and leadership. It also discusses moving from an "ethics of trust" to an "ethics of rights" approach. Some ethical issues in physiotherapy are discussed like using uncalibrated equipment or treating certain patients. The four main principles of ethics - nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, and respect for autonomy - are also outlined. The document concludes with guidelines for ethical behavior and sources for further information on physiotherapy ethics.

Biomechanics is the study of mechanics as they relate to living organisms, especially to human movement and sports activities. Biomechanists use tools like video analysis, force platforms, and wind tunnels to analyze human performance, the causes of injuries, and ways to optimize sports equipment and techniques. The goals of biomechanics are to improve sports performance, prevent injuries, design better equipment, and develop training methods to transfer skills from practice to competition.

Various types of muscle imbalance occurs in human body due to either articular, fascial or neural causes. as described by Janda this slide show elaborates on the same aspect and also differentiates two schools of thoughts on muscle imbalance, its assessment and treatment in the view of physiotherapy.

This document discusses the biomechanics of posture. It defines posture as the relative arrangement of body parts in relation to gravity. There are static and dynamic types of posture. The biomechanics of posture involves analyzing the kinetics and kinematics of all body segments. Perfect posture reduces stress on muscles and joints. However, the erect human posture is less stable than quadrupedal postures due to a smaller base of support and the location of the center of gravity being further from the base. Proper balance and control of posture depends on compensating for forces from gravity and maintaining stability of individual body segments and the whole body.

1) The sit-to-stand movement involves raising the body from a sitting to standing position and requires coordination of limbs to transfer weight while maintaining balance. 2) Individuals with knee osteoarthritis display different movement strategies during sit-to-stand, such as greater muscle co-contraction, earlier hamstring activation, and reduced hip and knee range of motion. 3) Altered movement strategies in osteoarthritis are thought to compensate for pain and weakness, helping to accomplish the task while protecting the affected knee joint.

First-year BPO - Biomechanics. here are the essential notes required to understand basic biomechanics regarding the human body and the forces acting on it.

This document discusses mechanical advantage in exercise and describes the three classes of levers. It defines key terms like moment, moment arm, force couple, and mechanical advantage. It explains that first class levers have the fulcrum between the input and output forces, second class levers have the output between the fulcrum and input, and third class levers have the input between the fulcrum and output. Most skeletal muscles act as third class levers, allowing for rapid movement with little muscle shortening. The document also covers centripetal force.

The document discusses different positions related to gravity and their effect on muscles. Against gravity positions involve moving a limb upwards perpendicular to the floor, opposing the force of gravity. Gravity eliminated positions involve moving a limb parallel to the floor, where the force of gravity is perpendicular. Gravity assisted positions involve moving downwards perpendicular to the floor, where gravity aids the movement. Simplified, movements can be parallel or perpendicular to the floor, with perpendicular movements either towards or away from the floor.

The document discusses different positions related to gravity and their effect on muscles. Against gravity positions involve moving a limb upwards perpendicular to the floor, opposing the force of gravity. Gravity eliminated positions involve moving a limb parallel to the floor, where the force of gravity is perpendicular. Gravity assisted positions involve moving downwards perpendicular to the floor, where gravity aids the movement. Simplified, movements can be parallel or perpendicular to the floor, with perpendicular movements either towards or away from the floor.

This document provides an overview of biomechanics and human motion terminology in 3 parts: 1. It introduces biomechanics and the subfields of kinematics and kinetics. It describes different types of motion including rotary, translatory, and curvilinear. 2. It discusses fundamental movements in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes. It also covers anatomical locations and terminology used to describe human motion. 3. It explains forces including motive, resistive, and isometric muscle actions. It discusses the roles of agonists, antagonists, and synergists. It concludes with the importance of stability and mobility in different parts of the body.

This document discusses muscle and skeletal physiology, including: - The relationship between stability and mobility, and how losing harmony between the two increases injury potential. - Classifications of muscle types (voluntary vs involuntary) and fascicle patterns (pennate vs fusiform). - Principles of biomechanics related to levers, force, resistance, and movement mechanics. - Concepts like ligament creep and hysteresis - how applying constant stress over time can elongate ligaments and tendons.

- The document discusses the biomechanics and pathomechanics of the elbow joint. It describes the ligaments of the elbow, the articulations between the humerus, ulna, and radius, and the range of motion of the elbow joint. It also examines the muscles that flex, extend, pronate, and supinate the forearm, discussing their attachments, actions, innervation, and the effects of joint positioning on their function. Key concepts covered include torque, moment arms, classes of levers, and the screw home mechanism of the elbow.

The document discusses key concepts in biomechanics including: - Characteristics of linear, angular, and general motion. - Centre of gravity and how it can change depending on body position. - Line of gravity and base of support in relation to stability. - Newton's laws of motion and how they apply to human movement. - Force summation and how multiple body parts can work together to maximize force. - Projectile motion principles like gravity, speed, height, and angle of release that influence how objects are thrown or projected.