Developmental Milestones

What are gross motor skills? Gross motor skills involve the larger, stronger muscle groups. In early child development, it’s the development of these muscles that enable infants to hold their head up, sit up independently, crawl, and eventually walk, run, jump and skip. Learn about the gross motor skill development for infants from 0-21 months old in this presentation. We've also included activities you can do with your baby to help encourage the development of their gross motor skills.

Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect movement and posture, caused by damage to the developing brain before or during birth. It involves motor disturbances as well as disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behavior. The main types are spastic, dyskinetic, and ataxic. Cerebral palsy is diagnosed through physical examination, neurological assessment, and imaging tests like MRI and CT scan. Treatment involves physical, occupational, speech, and recreational therapy to improve mobility and function. Medications can help reduce spasticity and seizures, while surgery may correct orthopedic issues. Nursing care focuses on supporting therapies, ensuring nutrition, and educating families.

This document provides an overview of cerebral palsy (CP), including its history, causes, risk factors, types, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and the potential role of kinesio taping in rehabilitation. CP is a non-progressive brain injury that causes movement disorders. It can be caused by problems before, during, or after birth. Treatment is non-curative and focuses on rehabilitation, physical therapy, medications, and surgery to improve function and prevent complications. Kinesio taping is a rehabilitation technique that may help improve motor skills in children with CP, but more research is needed on its effectiveness.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, and by restrictive and repetitive behavior. It is caused by differences in the brain and is diagnosed through assessments of social skills and development. While there is no cure, early diagnosis and treatment including behavioral therapies and social skills training can help children with ASD develop skills and improve functioning.

This document discusses developmental assessment and screening. It provides an overview of principles of child development, domains of development, and factors affecting development. It describes procedures for developmental assessment, including history taking, physical examination, and testing of different developmental domains. The document discusses screening tests versus definitive tests and developmental quotients. It also compares several international and Indian developmental screening tools, noting their ages assessed, domains covered, psychometric properties, validation, costs, and uses. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of assessing child development and identifying developmental delays through screening.

This document discusses typical developmental milestones in children from birth through age 3. It describes how children progress from being totally dependent newborns to becoming independent individuals through acquiring skills in four domains: gross motor, fine motor/vision, language/hearing, and personal/social. Key milestones are provided for ages like sitting, walking, and communicating. The document also notes principles of developmental surveillance and potential warning signs or causes of delayed development.

The document discusses developmental milestones in infants from birth to 12 months. It defines developmental milestones as skills achieved by certain ages in areas such as gross motor, fine motor, language, social/play, and cognitive development. The document then outlines typical milestones monthly in each area, such as sitting with assistance at 6 months and taking first steps at 10-12 months. It stresses every child develops at their own pace and healthcare providers assess growth over time.

Cerebral palsy is an umbrella term for physical disabilities caused by damage to the brain before or at birth. It is characterized by impaired muscle coordination and other disabilities. The prevalence is about 4 per 1000 live births. There are several types classified by motor deficit, including spastic (the most common), dyskinetic, atonic, and mixed forms. Management involves medical treatment to alleviate symptoms, physical and occupational therapy, and sometimes surgery to correct issues like scoliosis.

The document summarizes growth and development from infancy (0-1 year). Key physical milestones include tripling birth weight, increases in height/head circumference, tooth eruption. Gross motor skills progress from reflexes to sitting, crawling, standing/walking with support. Fine motor skills develop from grasping to transferring objects. Language progresses from crying/sounds to 1-3 words. Social/emotional development includes attachment, exploration, and responding to caregivers. Sensory and cognitive abilities also rapidly advance in the first year. Play materials should stimulate physical, cognitive and social development.

The document discusses growth and development in children. It defines growth as a quantitative increase in body size through cell multiplication, while development is the qualitative functional and physiological maturation of an individual. The principles of growth include cephalocaudal development from head to tail, proximodistal development from center to extremities, and general to specific development from broad abilities to fine motor skills. Factors that influence development are genetic, prenatal such as maternal health, and postnatal including nutrition, environment and socioeconomic status. The document outlines assessments of physical growth parameters and developmental milestones.

During the first year of life, infants experience significant physical, cognitive, linguistic, and emotional growth and development. Caregivers monitor an infant's physical growth through regular checkups and maintaining a growth chart. Infants develop motor skills and learn to grasp objects and sit up on their own. Establishing routines for sleeping, eating, and playtime is important for development. Infants begin to understand language and may say their first words by the end of the year. Their brains grow rapidly, so interaction and reading are encouraged over excessive TV time. Caregivers should ensure infant safety by maintaining a secure environment, using approved car seats correctly, and preventing hazards like choking, burns, and falls. When infants are sick or hospitalized

Intellectual disability (ID), once called mental retardation, is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability and a lack of skills necessary for day-to-day living. People with intellectual disabilities can and do learn new skills, but they learn them more slowly. The DSM-IV definition utilizes four degrees of severity that reflect the level of intellectual impairment: IQ levels between 50–55 to approximately 70 characterize mild mental retardation, 35—40 to 50–55 characterize moderate mental retardation, 20–25 to 35–40 characterize severe mental retardation,

The document discusses developmental milestones in children. It defines developmental milestones as abilities achieved by certain ages involving physical, social, emotional, cognitive and communication skills. It provides tables listing normal developmental milestones by age, including the average age of achieving milestones like sitting, crawling, walking and language development. The document also discusses the different domains of development - gross motor, fine motor, speech/language, cognition and socio-emotional. It explains that development in one domain influences and is influenced by other domains.

This document outlines growth and development milestones in children from infancy through adolescence. It discusses the definitions and differences between growth and development, factors that influence each, and methods for assessing growth including weight, length, head circumference and developmental milestones. Key stages of growth and development are outlined for infants, toddlers, preschoolers and school-aged children.

This document describes several neonatal reflexes present in newborn infants, including Moro's reflex, the palmar grasp, tonic neck reflex, rooting reflex, and sucking reflex. These reflexes are unconditioned responses to specific stimuli and help assess neurodevelopment. The document provides details on what elicits each reflex, the typical response, when they appear and disappear during development, and potential abnormalities if a reflex is absent, exaggerated, or persists beyond the normal timeframe. Understanding neonatal reflexes is important for evaluating infant development and identifying possible neurodevelopmental issues.

This document discusses child development and developmental assessments. It covers the following key points: 1. Child development involves growth in four main areas: gross motor, fine motor, personal-social, and language. Development follows a typical sequence but rates vary between children. 2. Developmental assessments evaluate a child's skills and compare them to typical ages and milestones. They are used to identify delays, provide support and interventions, and reassure parents of normal development. 3. Common developmental screening tests include Denver-II, Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), and Phatak's Baroda Screening Test. Definitive tests like Bayley Scales and Wechsler Scales are used

This document summarizes various reflexes present at birth and during early childhood development. It describes general body reflexes like the moro reflex and startle reflex, as well as facial reflexes, oral reflexes, and other reflexes. It provides details on the onset and disappearance of each reflex, how they are elicited, and their significance. The document serves as a reference for understanding reflex development in infants and children.

The document discusses infant development over the first year of life. It outlines typical motor, cognitive, social, and language milestones that babies achieve each month from birth to 12 months. Caregivers are encouraged to interact with babies frequently through talking, reading, singing and play to support healthy development. Activities like tummy time are also recommended to help babies strengthen motor skills like head control and rolling over.

During the first 14 months of life, babies develop rapidly across six key areas: Emotional development involves forming strong attachments to caregivers and learning to trust others. Social development sees babies beginning to interact and engage with others. Physical development includes new abilities like rolling over, sitting up, and crawling. Language development starts with crying and cooing before babbling sets in. Intellectual development involves learning cause and effect and imitating behaviors. Personality is greatly influenced by relationships with caregivers during this critical period.

This document provides an overview of typical infant development in the first year. It discusses development milestones for gross motor, fine motor, speech/language skills each month. It also outlines red flags that may indicate atypical development and warrant further assessment by pediatric physical, occupational or speech therapists. These include lack of skills such as head control, sitting, crawling, babbling by certain ages. The document also discusses conditions like torticollis and positional plagiocephaly that should be referred to therapists early for treatment.

The document provides information about typical development in babies at various ages from 2 months to 9 months. It includes milestones for social/emotional development, language/communication, cognitive development, and movement/physical development. It also suggests activities parents can do with their babies at each age to help support learning and development. Checklists are included for parents to track the milestones their baby has reached at 2, 4, 6, and 9 months.

About infancy development and other factors about it; Physical development during infancy; Cognitive development during infancy; Socio-emotional development during infancy.

Development state DevelopmentalMilestones--------------Gross Motor & Fine Motor Skills Newborn To 1 Month Prone Physiological flexion Lifts head briefly Head to side Supine Physiological roll partly to side Sitting Head lag in pull to sit Standing Reflex standing and walking Regards object in line of gravity. Follow A object to midline. Hands fisted. Arm movement Jerky. Movement may be purposeful or random. Developmental MilestonesOral Motor and Feeding

The document provides information about typical development milestones for a 2-month old baby. It notes that babies at this age may begin to smile at people, briefly calm themselves by sucking on their hands, try to look at parents, coo and make gurgling sounds, turn their head towards sounds, pay attention to faces, and begin to follow things with their eyes. It also mentions that babies should be able to hold their head up and begin pushing up when lying on their tummy. The document encourages parents to track their baby's development and discuss any concerns with their pediatrician.

In the infancy period, infants have physical, social and emotional, and moral development. Out of that development, in this presentation physical development is discussed.

This document provides a comprehensive overview of infant and toddler development across physical, cognitive, and psychosocial domains. It describes key milestones in each domain from birth through age 3, including developing motor skills, exploring their environment, following directions, expressing emotions, and interacting with others. Safety considerations are also discussed.

Babyhood spans from 2 weeks to 2 years of age. During this time, rapid physical and psychological development occurs. Babies grow in their motor skills like sitting, standing, and walking. They also develop cognitively by gaining object permanence and emotionally by displaying love, anger, and other emotions. Language development starts with crying and then progresses to babbling and first words. Moral and spiritual development involves recognizing familiar faces and expressing preferences. Babyhood establishes patterns that influence personal and social adjustments later in life.

This document outlines developmental milestones for infants from birth to 18 months. It notes that while development varies individually, guidelines can help parents understand realistic expectations. For premature infants, milestones should be measured based on their corrected age. The document then lists typical developmental milestones in 3-month intervals, noting skills babies may acquire in areas like motor skills, social interaction, and communication. Parents are advised to monitor development and seek guidance if children fall outside typical ranges.

This document discusses infant development from birth to 12 months across physical, emotional/social, language, cognitive, and cultural domains. It outlines typical milestones at 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months. Physical development progresses from reflexes at birth to walking by 12 months. Emotionally, infants develop trust and the ability to communicate needs through crying and smiling. Language advances from babbling to first words. Cognitive skills grow from exploring with mouth to pretend play. Cultural factors can also influence development.

This document summarizes key physical, cognitive, social, and motor milestones in infant and toddler development from birth through 3 years of age. It outlines changes in growth, teething, motor skills, language, social behaviors, and play preferences at different months. Safety guidelines for infants are also provided.

This document summarizes key physical, cognitive, social, and emotional milestones in infant and child development from birth through adolescence. It covers stages from newborn reflexes and growth to toddler walking and language development to school-aged skills and puberty. Safety concerns at different ages and common issues parents may face, like toilet training difficulties or bullying, are also outlined.

This document provides an overview of child psychology, focusing on social, emotional, and physical development from birth through adolescence. It covers key topics like motor skills development, vision and hearing development, speech milestones, attachment and separation anxiety, emotional development stages from infancy through the school-aged years, and factors that influence social-emotional development like family relationships and environment. The document aims to describe the typical progression of skills and abilities during childhood development.

infants

This document outlines motor development milestones from birth to 6 years of age. It provides descriptions of physical skills infants and toddlers should meet at various ages, such as raising the head, grasping objects, sitting up, crawling, walking, running and jumping. It also lists visual and auditory milestones. For each age range, it identifies signs that could indicate developmental delays and recommends consulting a pediatrician if any of these signs are present. The milestones provide parents with a general guide to monitor children's progress but also emphasize each child develops at their own pace.

The document provides an overview of typical development for babies with Down syndrome from birth to around 6 months old (Step 2). Key points include: - Babies start to make more sounds like cooing, squealing and laughing and enjoy simple conversations by taking turns vocalizing. - They begin to express a wider range of emotions and respond to emotional cues from caregivers to help develop trust and self-soothing. - Improved motor skills allow babies to hold their head steady, grasp objects, and explore things by mouthing them. Caregivers can encourage muscle development through play. - Routines help babies feel secure as they start to anticipate daily events like feeding and sleeping.

This document provides information on diagnosing autism, including who to see for an evaluation, the typical age for diagnosis, and signs of autism. It recommends seeing a pediatrician, specially trained physician, or psychologist if concerns arise. Diagnoses are reliable as early as age 2, though most high-functioning cases are diagnosed by age 6. Signs include difficulties with social skills, speech and language, nonverbal communication, and flexibility, such as lack of eye contact or pretend play.

Definition, characteristics and challenging behaviors in students with autism. It also gives a brief introduction to positive behavior support interventions.

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