I have some data, belonging to paired groups $A,B$. From each group I get a non-negative statistic $d^A,d^B$ which is averaged on all samples in group. My interest is in the ratio $\frac{d^A}{d^B}$, i.e. how far are these statistics from each other (straight subtraction makes no sense). My equivalence hypotheses (inspired by the 80/125 rule of bioequivalence) are: $$H_0:\frac{E[d^A]}{E[d^B]}>\epsilon\text{ or }\frac{E[d^A]}{E[d^B]}<\epsilon^{-1},\quad H_1:\epsilon^{-1}\le \frac{E[d^A]}{E[d^B]}\le\epsilon$$
The null hypothesis can be rewritten as $H_0:E[d^A]-\epsilon E[d^B]>0 \text{ or }E[d^A]-\epsilon^{-1} E[d^B]<0$ which makes things a bit easier: While we don't know the actual (or theoretical) distribution of the ratio, we can relate to the term $\bar{d}_{U}=\frac{1}{N}(\sum_i d^A_i-\epsilon\sum_i d^B_i)$ as the sample mean, calculate the sample variance $s^2_{U}=Var(d^A_i-\epsilon d^B_i)$ and then the statistic $t_U=\frac{\bar{d}_{U}-0}{\sqrt{s^2_{U}}}$ has $t$ distribution and we can test whether or not $t_U \le t_{\alpha,N-1}$.
In the same manner we define $\bar{d}_{L}=\frac{1}{N}(\sum_i d^A_i-\epsilon^{-1}\sum_i d^B_i),s^2_{L}=Var(d^A_i-\epsilon^{-1} d^B_i)$ and $t_L=\frac{\bar{d}_{L}-0}{\sqrt{s^2_{L}}}$, in order to test whether or not $t_L\ge t_{1-\alpha,N-1}$. Finally, we reject $H_0$ if $t_U \le t_{\alpha,N-1}~\text{ and }~t_L\ge t_{1-\alpha,N-1}$.
All of the above is nice, but now we want to make it a one-sided test. That is, our updated hypotheses are
$$H_0:\left|\log\left(\frac{E[d^A]}{E[d^B]}\right)\right|>\epsilon,\quad H_1:\left|\log\left(\frac{E[d^A]}{E[d^B]}\right)\right|\le\epsilon$$
We can obviously write $|\log(E[d^A])-\log(E[d^B])|-\log(\epsilon)>0$ but I'm not really sure how does this help me in formulating a test, what are the sample statistics I get here or anything else. As the sum and log operations are not commutative, I'm not really sure how to progress here of is it a smart move at all. It is not at all like the case of $t$-testing a log-transformed data (unlike here and here), because I only transform my statistic (and not the whole data).
Would love to hear ideas and thoughts.
