I'm wondering if it's possible for a function to be an $L^p$ space for only one value of $p \in [1,\infty)$ (on either a bounded domain or an unbounded domain).
One can use interpolation to show that if a function is in two $L^p$ spaces, (e.g. $p_1$ and $p_2$,with $p_1 \leq p_2$ then it is in all $p_1\leq p \leq p_2$).
Moreover, if we're on a bounded domain, we also have the relatively standard result that if $f \in L^{p_1}$ for some $p_1 \in [1,\infty)$, then it is in $L^p$ for every $p\leq p_1$ (which can be shown using Hölder's inequality).
Thus, I think that the question can be reduced to unbounded domains if we consider the question for any $p>1$.
Intuitively, a function on an unbounded domain is inside an $L^p$ space if it decrease quickly enough toward infinity. This makes it seem like we might be able to multiply the function by a slightly larger exponent. At the same time, doing this might cause the function to blow up near zero. That's not precise/rigorous at all though.
So I'm wondering if it is possible to either construct an example or prove that this can't be true.