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Here's my approach.

Since $ a^5 < 5, a<\sqrt[5]{5} $

By density of rational number, there must be integer $m$ and natural number $n$ such that

$ a< \frac{m}{n} < \sqrt[5]{5}$

If I let $b= \frac{m}{n} $, then $ a<b$ and $ b<\sqrt[5]{5} $

Since, $ b< \sqrt[5]{5}$, $ b^5 < 5 $, therefore there exists $b$ such that $a<b$ and $b^5<5$

Is there anything that I should fix or add? I wonder if I have to show that there exists real number $a$ such that $a^5<5$.

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  • $\begingroup$ I need to show this using the fact between any two real numbers there is a rational number. Does it look bad? $\endgroup$ Commented May 12, 2020 at 7:24
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    $\begingroup$ I think that this proof is ok, but don't take my words for granted. $\endgroup$ Commented May 12, 2020 at 7:35
  • $\begingroup$ Thank you very much! $\endgroup$ Commented May 12, 2020 at 8:02
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    $\begingroup$ No, you would not have to show the existence of such an $a$. However, depending on the stage at which this exercise is given, maybe you cannot assume that $\sqrt[5]{5}$ exists. For the above is often an exercise that is done when showing that the $n^{\text{th}}$ of a positive number exists. You may also have to justify why $a^5 < 5$ implies $a < \sqrt[5]{5}$. Other than that, the proof looks OK. $\endgroup$ Commented May 12, 2020 at 8:07
  • $\begingroup$ Thank you all! ! $\endgroup$ Commented May 12, 2020 at 9:35

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Let $b=\frac{a+\sqrt[5]5}{2}.$

Thus, since $a<\sqrt[5]5,$ we see that $$b<\frac{\sqrt[5]5+\sqrt[5]5}{2}=\sqrt[5]5,$$ which gives $$b^5<5.$$

Also, $$b-a=\frac{a+\sqrt[5]5}{2}-a=\frac{\sqrt[5]5-a}{2}>0,$$ which says $a<b$.

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