I understand this is an old question, but I feel that students with similar questions, who will no doubt be directed here through either google or the Math SE community, might benefit from a more traditional list.
Many people like Ogata's "Modern Control Engineering", others like Nise's "Control Systems Engineering", still others prefer Kuo's "Automatic Control Systems", and there are about a million more after that. The IEEE actually surveyed people on "what is the best classical [read: introductory] control text?" and reported it here.
Control, like anything else, is not simply one course or book but rather an entire field with a long and torrid history, combining contributions from mathematicians, scientists, and engineers alike. The first type of control you study is the classical theory. It's by far also the most widely applied theory in practice and you need to have a good grounding in it to advance. Then you have state space, and the rarely applied but prolifically published on field of optimal control. Robust control has become popular in recent years, since it is more of an outgrowth of classical control to deal with model uncertainty than a completely different way to look at control. Stochastic control has been a long promising but rarely applied field, with the Kalman filter and its variants being the sole exception, as they are rather universally applied in engineering--indeed, often whether they are necessary to the design or not!
It would be impossible to recommend a complete library which covers all types of control. Instead, after learning the classical theory, you simply need to read all you can and decide for yourself what is going to be useful for the work you do.