Questions tagged [hydrogen-bond]
Intermolecular force between covalently bound hydrogen atom and atom possessing a lone pair of electrons.
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Why is the intermolecular hydrogen bond between phenol and aniline stronger than the respective hydrogen bonds? [duplicate]
From NCERT class 12 part 1
The way I see hydrogen bonding is that it occurs due to intermolecular charge interaction. The more electronegative nitrogen/oxygen due to the inductive effect the ...
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Why is the melting point of hydrogen fluoride lower than that of ammonia?
The melting point of hydrogen fluoride is -83.6°C, as compared to that of ammonia, which is -77.73°C. How does this make any sense?
Both hydrogen fluoride and ammonia show hydrogen bonding, which "...
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Non-conventional polymers
IUPAC defines a monomer as,
A molecule which can undergo polymerisation thereby contributing constitutional units to the essential structure of a macromolecule.
Bearing this in mind, I thought ...
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Explain the effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on solubilities in cold and hot water?
There is a statement given in my textbook (Cengage, Organic Chemistry (Part 1), page 4.33) which is as follows: (I edited the statement to make it simpler)
One can account for the solubilities of ...
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What is Hydrogen bond Auto-correlation function
Can somebody explain the Hydrogen bond Auto-correlation function in Computational Chemistry (Molecular Dynamics and Simulations) and what does Intermittent and Continuous Hydrogen bond means?
Why ...
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Hydrogen bonding in chloral hydrate
Normally, chlorine doesn't form hydrogen bonds because despite its electronegativity, the size of the atom is such that its electron density is too low to form hydrogen bonds.
However, chlorine forms ...
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Why are highly branched alcohols solid?
Usually branching (or decrease in surface area) leads to increased volatility. But in case of alcohols, my book states that:
The higher alcohols (butanols to decanols) are somewhat viscous, and ...
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Which has stronger hydrogen bonds: water or ice?
As ice is the solid form of water and it has more hydrogen bonds than water because its oxygen atoms are precisely tetrahedrally positioned and each oxygen is hydrogen bonded by four neighbouring ...
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Why only F, O and N form Hydrogen Bonds? [duplicate]
Why only fluorine, oxygen and nitrogen can form hydrogen-bonds with the hydrogen of another molecule?
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Hydrogen bond strength of trichloromethane and chloromethane
Chloromethane has a larger dipole moment than trichloromethane. Does that mean that the hydrogen bond (C-H...O type) between chloromethane and acetone is stronger than that of trichloromethane and ...
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electronegativity and hydrogen bonding [duplicate]
I have a basic idea why, but can someone just confirm, why chlorine isn't able to hydrogen bond despite the fact that it has the same electronegativity value as nitrogen.
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How to characterise lipophilicity?
I was provided with a drug compound which is filling a hydrophobic pocket. The R group is changed and effects on the potency was measured; $\ce{R = -H, -CH3, -CH2F}$ were tested. As expected, the more ...
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How to determine the pH range at which maximum hydrate is present?
Question:
Find the $\mathrm{pH}$ range at which maximum hydrate is present in a solution of oxaloacetic acid (given $\mathrm{pK_a}$ of $\ce{-COOH}$ in the left is $=2.2$ and on the right is $=3.98$):
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Strongest hydrogen bond between neutral molecules?
It is known that very strong hydrogen bonds can occur in charged systems, such as $\ce{[F-}\ce{-H+-F-]}$, while hydrogen bonds in neutral systems are much weaker in comparison.
What is the strongest ...
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How to identify hydrogen bonds and other non-covalent interactions from structure considerations?
Chemistry is governed by a wide range of interactions, from ionic and covalent bonding, or other types of strong interactions, towards weaker types of bonding, attraction, or repulsion, that typically ...
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Will the carboxylate groups of the citrate anion undergo hydrogen bonding?
The citrate anion of trisodium citrate has three carboxylate groups. I am concerned with whether or not there will be hydrogen bonding in water, with hydroxyl groups of other ions or alcohols.
It has ...
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Does deuterium exhibit hydrogen bonding?
I searched for this on Google but I only got research articles in the SERP. I know of the concept of hydrogen bonds, that they are a special class of van der Waals forces between highly ...
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Why is the boiling point of hydrogen sulfide higher than that of hydrogen chloride?
The boiling point of $\ce{H_2S}$ is higher than $\ce{HCl}$. Is this due to the greater number of hydrogen bond that $\ce{H_2S}$ can form compared to $\ce{HCl}$? I found this explanation for the ...
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H-bonding in methanol and methoxyamine [duplicate]
The question was to determine if the substances made H-bonding between themselves and to represent it.
In the following photos i'm showing my doubt about the H-bond in $\ce{CH3OH}$. In the solution (...
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Why H2O is a liquid (water) and H2S is a gas?
I always think about this question.
Is it due to attraction or repulsion or is there something else that makes one of them a gas and the other a liquid (water)?
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Boiling points of HF, HCl, HI [closed]
I'm really confused over how to weigh the molecular mass with intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding in HF in terms of figuring out the melting points in relation to each other.
I know that ...
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Is it possible for Cytosine and Hypoxantine to make three hydrogen bonds?
I think the O from Hypoxanthine can bond with one of the Hs in NH2 from Cytosine and the H that is connected to N in Hypoxanthine with the N in Cytosine but is it possible also for the H connected to ...
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Is the surface of glass a fine layer of silanol?
Today we learned in class through a vivid demonstration that water sticks to glass. We were then taught that water sticks to glass because while glass is mainly composed of silicon dioxide, the ...
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Is the strength of hydrogen bonding greater in hydrogen peroxide or water?
When we compare water and hydrogen peroxide's hydrogen bond strength, which one should have the greater one? I know that peroxide has more hydrogen bonds, but when we compare the strength of each ...
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Why is chitin ordinarily insoluble in water, but soluble after deacetylation? [closed]
Chitin is usually insoluble in water. How does its chemical structure explain this?
Furthermore, when chitin undergoes deacetylation, it becomes soluble and forms hydrogen bonds with water. How is ...
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Why is density of water maximum at 4 degree celsius?
Why is density of water maximum at 4 degree celsius?
We were having a discussion to this question in class and I could gather the following points.
1) $H_2O$ exists in a cage like structure in ice ...
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Solubility of CHCl3 in water
Why isn't $\ce{CHCl3}$ soluble in water?
Why doesn't $\ce{CHCl3}$ participate in hydrogen bonding in water like $\ce{CH3CN}$ as $\ce{Cl}$ can make the $\ce{C-H}$ bond polar like $\ce{CN}$ does?
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Is a temperature decrease required for hydrogen bonds to form in water?
As I understand it, increasing the temperature of water causes hydrogen bonds to break. Does this mean that a decrease in temperature is required for the formation of those hydrogen bonds?
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Relationship between freezing point depression and hydrogen bonds
Freezing point of a solvent is decreased due to the added solute particles in it. e.g. ions. Therefore electrolytes contribute to lowering freezing point (say for physiological conditions).
If a ...
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Which oxygen will form a better hydrogen bond?
Which oxygen will form a stronger hydrogen bond , the one in water or the one in hydrogen peroxide ??
According to me , the one in peroxide will form the stronger H bond as the O here being less ...
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How does hydrogen bonding affect the boiling points of chemical compounds?
My main question is why is the boiling point of methanol so much different from that of water?
I understand that both compound are able to develop hydrogen bonding, and obviously water can develop ...
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What is a hydrogen bond acceptor and donor?
I recently read about hydrogen bonding. One thing about which I am really confused is how to distinguish between hydrogen bond acceptors and donors.
I looked it up on SE and found this post, which ...
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Steric inhibition of resonance vs. hydrogen bonding
I have to compare the acidic strength of these compounds:
Now, in A and B hydrogen bonding will be present which will help stabilize the negative charge of the conjugate base. However, the hydroxyl ...
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Why isn't Indigo soluble in water?
Why isn't Indigo soluble in water? I mean, it has 2 H-N groups, shouldn't it then be able to hydrogen bond with water?
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Common hydrogen bonded liquids [closed]
For some experiments I need liquids with and without hydrogen bond which are pure or highly concentrated. I have only found $\ce{HNO3, CH3COOH}$ concentrated. But i need more liquids. And it would be ...
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Strength of Dipoles, Covalent bonds and H-Bonds
My textbook says:
Dipole-dipole forces are 1% as effective as covalent bonds and the strength of a hydrogen bond is generally twenty times less than that of a covalent bond.
What do these ...
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How do water molecules overcome the van der waals distance and form hydrogen bonds?
I read in Voet & Voet that the hydrogen bonds are at least 0.5 angstrom shorter than the calculated van der waals distance. As I understand, van der waals distance is the distance of closest ...
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Is there intramolecular hydrogen bonding in salicylaldehyde?
Is there intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups?
I think personally is that it does but what is concerning me is that I have got no adequate answer or response to my ...
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Why is ice less dense than water?
I know the traditional explanation, which says that ice has large spaces between $\ce{H2O}$ molecules because hydrogen-bonding gives it an open structure. But what does the open structure have to do ...
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Cotton and synthetic clothes [closed]
Why do cotton clothes take a long time to dry as compared to synthetic clothes?
I read in a book that cotton fibres form hydrogen bonds with water molecules and thus, the rate of evaporation of water ...
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How do gelatin and aluminium sulfate strengthen paper?
When wet, the hydrogen bonds between the cellulose chains in paper are disrupted due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with water. This leads to the paper becoming extremely weak. This is the case ...
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Boiling points of Butan-2-ol and Butan-1-ol
Butan-1-ol has a boiling point of approx. 117.7 degrees Celsius, and butan-2-ol has a boiling point of approx. 99.5 degrees Celsius. What causes this difference in boiling points?
My initial idea ...
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Why alcohol is volatile although it has hydrogen bonds?
We are always told that hydrogen bonds increase the boiling point of a liquid and as a result they decrease the liquid's volatility.
I want to know the reason why, alcohol with hydrogen bonds is ...
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Hydrogen bonding in concave rings
Can hydrogen bonding occur if both O and H are in a ring having 6 members however the ring is concave .
Example
3 hydroxycyclohexanone
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Is there an intramolecular hydrogen bond in guaiacol?
Is there a hydrogen bond between the $\ce{H}$ atom of $\ce{-OH}$ group and the $\ce{O}$ atom of the $\ce{-OCH3}$ group in ortho-methoxyphenol? I was told no. But I want to know why.
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The reason for Hydrogen bonding [duplicate]
Why does hydrogen bonding take place? Is there any kind of electron donation? Or does something like an ionic bond take place?
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Which is more soluble in water, HF or SO2?
I was wondering which is more soluble in water, hydrogen fluoride or sulfur dioxide? Since $\ce{HF}$ will hydrogen bond to other HF particles (as opposed to $\ce{SO2}$ dipole-dipole attraction).
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Can chlorine form hydrogen bonds? [duplicate]
My question is simple, If chlorine ($\ce{_17Cl^35^.^5}$) and nitrogen ($\ce{_7N^14}$) have similar values of electronegativity, and chlorine has way more lone pairs than nitrogen, what prevents it ...
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Hydrogen bonds: 1 donor with 2 acceptors at the same time possible (or vice versa)?
Can 1 donor (eg N-H) facilitate 2 H-bonds with 2 different acceptors (eg 2x O) at the same time (assuming that both are within range and angle constraint)? i.e. building an "h-bond triangle"?
Is it ...
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How to determine what compounds form hydrogen bonds? [closed]
Which of the following compounds can form hydrogen bonds?
a. $\ce{H2S}$
b. $\ce{CH3OCH3}$
c. $\ce{HCl}$
d. $\ce{BH3}$
e. $\ce{NH3}$
Why isn't $\ce{CH3OCH3}$ since $\ce{H}$ is bonded with $\ce{O}$ ...
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