Questions tagged [halides]
Chemical compounds that contain halogens (group 17 in the Periodic Table) as part of their chemical structure. This tag should only be applied where the halide group is one of the main focuses of the question.
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Stability of carbenes
For predicting the order of formation of carbenes from the following compounds (CHI3, CHBr3, CHF3), we can take a look at the stability of the halide anion that is formed (I- vs. Br- vs. F-) and the ...
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Major product of reaction between 1,1-dibromo-2-(pent-4-en-1-yl)cyclopropane and methyllithium
What is the major product of the reaction between 1,1-dibromo-2-(pent-4-en-1-yl)cyclopropane and methyllithium in diethyl ether?
I suppose the nucleophilic double bond will react with the ...
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It is possible to synthesize 3,3-diethylpentane ("tetraethylmethane") from carbon tetrachloride?
Compounds like tetraethyl silane or tetraethyltin can be made from their tetrachlorides using ethylating Grignards, but what about substituting carbon, would it work or steric hindrance would prevent ...
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What role does CaCl2 play in a gelation medium?
To produce sodium alginate beads coated with chitosan, following procedure was undertaken:
Sodium alginate was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 4% (...) The gelation medium was ...
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Why does the Wurtz-Fittig reaction occur?
In the Wurtz-Fittig reaction, an aryl halide and an alkyl halide react with sodium in the presence of dry ether to give R-Ar as the major product. Why is the coupling of R and Ar favoured? In other ...
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Why doesn't sodium form organometallic compounds with alkyl halides?
Both magnesium as well as lithium, on reaction with an alkyl halide (say chloroethane), form an organometallic compound. However, sodium and potassium do not exhibit such a reaction. Instead of ...
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What does phosphorodibromidous acid do in solution?
When tribromophosphine is used to activate an OH to enable its substitution, the leaving group is listed by PubChem as "phosphorodibromidous acid" and doesn't seem to really exist from a ...
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Selection of parent chain in a halogenated compound with double and triple bonds
We were asked to select the parent chain for naming the halogenated compound containing double and triple bonds:
My teacher told me that we choose the orange (1) one over the blue one (3) because as ...
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If LiF is ionic in nature, why can't it dissolve in water?
LiF is prominently ionic compound. I also know polar substances can be dissolved in water as "like dissolves like". Why is then LiF only weakly soluble, in comparison with LiCl, or LiBr, ...
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Explaination of order of leaving groups
In Solomons' Organic Chemistry, in a section discussing leaving groups, it is stated that$-$
Among the halogens, an iodide ion is the best leaving group and a fluoride ion is
the poorest:
$$I− > ...
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Would fluorides stabilize zirconia?
The reason for zirconia's cubic and tetragonal phases not being stable is that the cation-anion ratio is too small for proper contact between ions.
One way is to use other oxides that have a bigger ...
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1-Bromo-4-tert-butylbenzene reaction with NaNH2 [closed]
I'm struggling to grasp how the reaction would turn out. Could you help?
My idea was that the bromide atom will get replaced by the amino group of $\ce{NaNH2}$, but when I google, I read that $\ce{...
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With two reagents common on Mars, fluorite and CO2, how would I produce carbon tetrafluoride?
The hypothetical terraforming of Mars would require the heating of the atmosphere. A commonly suggested method is the in-situ production of fluorocarbons, powerful greenhouse gases.
For example, ...
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How to produce AgI nanoplates?
I'm trying to understand the procedure used to produce AgI nanoplates described in the linked paper. Specifically, I have a few questions about the following text:
When silver acetate is in ...
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What is the enthalpy change for elimination reactions of alkyl halide - exothermic or endothermic?
There are a few questions in thermodynamics (with unverified data) that the addition reaction of ethene to give ethyl chloride has a +ve enthalpy change, thereby elimination to give alkene must be ...
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Why is the melting point of meta-diiodobenzene higher than that of ortho-diiodobenzene?
I'm currently trying to reason for as why the melting point of meta-diiodobenzene higher than that of ortho-diiodobenzene and I'm unsure of what to say. I understand the para isomer has the highest ...
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Formation of carbocation on reaction with strong acid in presence of halogen [closed]
Shouldn't the carbocation be formed away from the -I effect of the Cl atom for more stability. Backbonding is achieved in a later step after hydride shift.
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Will benzyl halides undergo SN1 or SN2 mechanism in a polar aprotic solvent?
If benzyl bromide reacts with KF in the presence of a polar aprotic solvent like DMF, will it undergo SN1 mechanism or SN2 mechanism ?
I understand that polar aprotic solvents favour SN2 mechanism but ...
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Does ferrocenium chloride ([Fe(C5H5)2]Cl) exist as a stable compound?
I am interested in using ferrocenium chloride ($\ce{[Fe(C5H5)2]Cl}$) for a synthesis application, but I couldn't find any sources referring to its existence, even though some websites and a figure in ...
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Whatever happened to the use of perfluoroalkanes as breathable liquids or blood substitutes?
Some liquid perfluoroalkanes have very high solubilities and carrying capacities for gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide.
In the 1980s and 1990s there were experiments showing that animals could &...
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What is meant by 'as Cl2'
I feel like I'm over thinking this one, but think I need a confirmation (and quantified example) to put my confusion to bed. I'm more a mechanical than chemical background but trying my best.
I really ...
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Constituents of LaI2 [closed]
An ionic solid $\ce{LaI2}$ shows electrical conduction due to presence of which anions and cations?
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Why doesn’t the reaction between 3-mercaptopropionic acid and methyl iodide yield a methyl ester? [closed]
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I don’t understand why 3‐methylthiopropionic acid (X) is the correct answer. Wouldn’t sulfur and carbon have similar electronegativities?
As the consequence, isn’t it more ...
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Solubility of fluoroalkanes [duplicate]
I know haloalkanes generally aren't soluble in water due to their inability to form hydrogen bonds in water, despite being moderately polar. I was wondering why this is the case with fluoroalkanes too ...
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Weight Ratio vs Molar Ratio - Chloramines
I'm working with a delicate experiment whilst trying to test corrosion of stainless-steels in a chloramine environment. I've run into various literature that discusses the formation of different types ...
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Chloramines & Nitrogen Trichloride vs Stainless Steel [closed]
We've recently experienced excessive corrosion on stainless steel within indoor pool environments. We believe this is due to chloramine (gasses) in the atmosphere. To test this, I plan to create a ...
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Substitution or elimination when a chloroalkene reacts with NaOH in ethanol?
NaOH + EtOH will eliminate the Cl atom forming a double bond. At least, that's what I think. 3 could also be a viable answer since the OH can also attack the said double bond (this is probably not ...
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Why 2-methyl-1-propene's halohydrin formation does not involve steric effect?
This concerns Marc Loudon's Organic Chemistry 6th Edition's 5.2 page 187.
Consider 2-methyl-1-propene and its halohydrin formation mechanism. Usually, there will be formation of bromonium, where I ...
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How to distinguish silver chloride, bromide and iodide?
When we test for chloride, bromide and iodide ions we use the obvious silver nitrate and dilute nitric acid test. However distinguishing between the precipitates is often quite tricky. How can we tell ...
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Free-radical addition of bromine to alkene
If light and radical initiators are present, radical addition of $\ce{HBr}$ to alkenes takes place and outcompetes electrophilic addition of $\ce{HBr}$ to alkenes. Why isn't a similar thing same ...
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