Questions tagged [aqueous-solution]
For questions relating to compounds dissolved in water and resulting reactions and acid-base equilibria.
161
questions
10
votes
3
answers
12k
views
How to set up equation for buffer reaction?
For buffer equations, how can you tell what to react with water?
For example, if I have a 1 M acetic acid solution and 1 M sodium acetate solution (a conjugate acid-base pair) mixed together and am ...
- 109
30
votes
3
answers
30k
views
Why do salts such as NaCl dissolve?
If we look at solubility of salts in water, we are told that they disassociate, because the positive $\ce{Na}$ ion is attracted to the partially negative oxygen in water and the negative $\ce{Cl}$ is ...
- 3,479
20
votes
3
answers
15k
views
Why copper(I) is unstable in aqueous medium?
I am expecting that $\ce{Cu+}$ attains a $\mathrm d^{10}$ configuration by losing one electron from s-subshell. Since it has fully filled d-orbital, it should be stable. But it is found that it is ...
- 26.3k
9
votes
4
answers
4k
views
Why does the inverse relationship between the strengths of an acid and its conjugate base appear to be violated in the case of chloric(I) acid?
Hypochlorous acid is a weak acid with $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{a}(\ce{HClO}) = 7.53$. Then why is its conjugate base, $\ce{ClO-}$, a weak base in water? Shouldn't the strength of the base be inversely ...
- 205
13
votes
2
answers
10k
views
Should bromine water be called a solution?
Bromine water is a reagent which is used to test for unsaturation in organic compound. It is $2.8~\%$ bromine in water. In many places, it is refer to as bromine solution.
But it is observed that ...
- 26.3k
10
votes
1
answer
872
views
Details of what actually happens in cold sulfuric acid between 80 and 90%; what molecular changes cause the viscosity to skyrocket?
AChem's answer to Why does the graph of the electrical conductivity of sulfuric acid/water solutions have this knee in the ~85%-~92% range? includes this plot from Horace E. Darling in "...
- 5,900
22
votes
2
answers
5k
views
pH probe bulb - what is happening within the glass?
I am trying to understand how the glass bulb of a pH electrode of a pH meter works - the glass bulb itself. Not the reference electrode or the rest of the electrode (HCl, Ag/AgCl wire, etc...), the ...
- 5,900
19
votes
3
answers
60k
views
Why there is no change in water level when salt is added?
Let us say we have one glass of water and after that when we add one or two spoon of salt then we notice that salt dissolves in it but when we measure the water level we found that there is no ...
- 1,491
9
votes
1
answer
3k
views
Vapor pressure of immiscible liquids
I have read that vapour pressure of a mixture of two immiscible liquids is
$$P=P^0_A + P^0_B$$ where A and B are immiscible liquids.
If they are immiscible, they would form separate layers. Thus ...
- 153
5
votes
1
answer
807
views
How can I measure the amount of quinine in a home-made tonic water?
I'm into mixology, and lately I've been looking into experimenting with home-made tonic water, by extracting quinine (quinine salts) from cinchona barks in an acidic aqueous solution. I've read a bit ...
- 145
1
vote
2
answers
15k
views
What determines whether a double displacement reaction will occur?
In normal displacement reactions, reactivity plays a large role and sometimes the reaction doesn't even happen. So is there anything limiting double displacement reactions? For example $\ce{2KI + Pb(...
- 441
29
votes
1
answer
30k
views
Are all NO3- salts soluble in water? If so, why?
All the examples of $\ce{NO3-}$ salts are soluble in water (all that I know about).
Is it always so or there is some salt which doesn't dissolve in water?
If so what is the reason behind it?
- 897
28
votes
7
answers
22k
views
Why is silver chloride less soluble than silver nitrate?
Related: Reaction between silver nitrate and aluminum chloride
Experimentally, $\ce{AgCl}$ is insoluble in water, but $\ce{AgNO3}$ is soluble. They're pretty common in a lab (well, $\ce{AgCl}$ is a ...
- 15.2k
20
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Hydration of H⁺ ion
I know that $\ce{H+}$ is not possible in water and it is present as $\ce{H3O+}$. But later on I come to know that even $\ce{H3O+}$ is not possible and that it is present as $\ce{H9O4+}$.
Why does this ...
- 1,453
19
votes
1
answer
5k
views
Why does the graph of the electrical conductivity of sulfuric acid/water solutions have this knee in the ~85%-~92% range?
This answer to an earlier question regarding the electrical conductivity of sulfuric acid provides a graph showing the conductivity of sulfuric acid/water mixtures ranging from 0% to 100% sulfuric ...
- 489
7
votes
3
answers
50k
views
Is magnesium sulfate basic, neutral or acidic?
A question in my college test was whether $\ce{MgSO4}$ is neutral, acidic or basic. I was told to solve this kind of problem by hydrolyzing any ions that do not "come from" a strong acid or a strong ...
7
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Why do some solid chemicals dissolve better in colder water?
I just discovered that some solid chemicals, such as $\ce{Na2SO4}$, dissolve better in cold water than hot water from here and would like to know if there is any particular reason as to why. Is it ...
- 173
5
votes
3
answers
12k
views
Can there be more solvent in a solute?
Something I know that leads to this question:
Water dissolved in ethanol.
It might sounds weird to say water as a solute. Textbooks always says that solvent is the one present in larger quantity. ...
- 2,688
4
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Basis for the hydrophobic effect?
I'm confused about why hydrophobic molecules, which do not have high polarity, would have a tendency to attract and cluster with themselves. It is easier to understand the hydrophilic as long as one ...
- 1,648
21
votes
2
answers
28k
views
Why does solubility of solids sometimes decrease with temperature increase?
Recently I was researching $\ce{Ca(OH)_2}$, and I found this on Wikipedia:
\begin{array}{|c|l|}\hline
{\rm \color{blue}{Solubility~in~water}}
& {\mathrm{0.189\,g/100\,mL}\ (0\,^\circ\mathrm{...
- 4,197
12
votes
6
answers
592
views
Is there any electronic component to water conductivity?
Answers to Decrease in temperature of a aqueous salt solution decreases conductivity indicate that the electrical conductivity of salt solutions arises from the mobility of ionic species and therefore ...
- 5,900
8
votes
2
answers
8k
views
Is there a difference in the reactions of a dilute acid and a concentrated acid?
All of the exams that I've sat so far, and the homework questions I've had, always ask for the reaction between a substance and a dilute acid. Is there a difference in the reaction between a dilute ...
- 389
8
votes
2
answers
3k
views
Saturation of multiple solutes
Can a liquid which is saturated with a single solute, dissolve a different solute, or is saturation a universal thing? I ask because I’ve seen that different solutes have different points (amounts) at ...
- 191
7
votes
3
answers
2k
views
In my homemade electrolysis setup, only the negative end bubbles?
I've created an electrolysis setup by connecting a $6~\mathrm{V}$ battery to a cup filled with saline water via pencils; I am confused as to why only the negative pencil bubbles though. After running ...
- 173
5
votes
1
answer
10k
views
How can an insoluble compound be a strong electrolyte
Here's a quote from Petrruci General Chemistry (pg. 160):
Silver chloride, $\ce{AgCl}$ is an insoluble ionic compound. When $\ce{AgCl}$ dissolved in water, it is 100% dissociated into $\ce{Ag}^+\text{...
- 51
5
votes
1
answer
999
views
Formation of MnO2 vs [Mn(H2O)6]4+ in aqueous solution
I am looking for reasons why $\ce{Mn(IV)}$ wouldn't be stable as a hydrate. I know that from standard reduction potentials it exists as a ppt of $\ce{MnO2}$, but what is stopping it from being a ...
- 1,120
4
votes
1
answer
1k
views
How do I quantify the carbonate system and its pH speciation?
I did Environmental Water Chemistry as part of my undergraduate course where we quantified pH-speciation for the full carbonate system and I got it right according to my tutor. My speciation profile ...
- 500
2
votes
2
answers
10k
views
Why is potassium phosphate KH2PO4 in this reaction?
This is a continuation of this question because the first thing that came in my mind is that why potassium phosphate in this reaction is $\ce{KH2PO4}$ and not $\ce{K3PO4}$?
In the wikipedia article ...
- 26.3k
28
votes
5
answers
17k
views
Why is water "the universal" solvent?
This is an old question that our textbook tried to answer but worsened the situation.
Many things are soluble in water. So many, that studying solutions will always require studying aqueous ones. It ...
- 10.7k
26
votes
4
answers
3k
views
What software can calculate aqueous solution equilibria?
What software is available out there to calculate the equilibrium in a set of reactions in aqueous solution? In particular, I'm interested in software general enough to simulate things like titration ...
- 23.8k