All Questions
Tagged with aqueous-solution ions
82
questions
2
votes
2
answers
316
views
My textbook writes hydronium ion as [H(H2O)]+, is this correct? [closed]
[...] Thus, it bonds to the oxygen atom of a solvent water
molecule to give trigonal pyramidal hydronium ion, $\ce{H3O^+}$ $\ce{\{[H (H2O)]^+\}}$ (see box).
In this chapter we shall use $\ce{H^+(aq)}$ ...
- 127
1
vote
2
answers
456
views
What is the hydrated diameter of a lithium ion？
When salts dissolve in water, the anions, cations, and strongly polar water molecules undergo hydration reactions, resulting in the formation of hydrated ions with a specific number of coordinated ...
- 31
-1
votes
1
answer
66
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Soluble Ion separation [closed]
Is it possible to separate ions dissolved in solution? I know that the charges have to be balanced, so thinking that maybe it is possible to artificially give that charge? Take for example, sodium ...
- 17
-1
votes
1
answer
257
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Is lead iodide a strong electrolyte?
So, lead iodide is insoluble. I see conflicting answers online. Some say it's a weak electrolyte because it is insoluble, others say it is a strong electrolyte because it is an ionic compound and any ...
- 21
4
votes
1
answer
224
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Do ion-exchange membranes *always* require ions to pass in both directions?
In an answer to this question, it was asserted that:
Student always tend to forget that a solution must remain electrically neutral by all means. If you want a certain ion to leave water, you must ...
- 189
7
votes
1
answer
1k
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Is there a material that ions can pass through but water can’t?
I was wondering whether there is a material that can pass ions (such as the ions existing in seawater) but not water. I am aware that water molecules are smaller, so they can pass through some ...
- 223
-1
votes
1
answer
1k
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Why does acetate ion react with water? [closed]
When NaCl is added to water, it dissociates into $\rm{Na^+}$ and $\rm{Cl^-}$. The newly formed $\rm{Na^+}$ and $\rm{Cl^-}$ do not react with water.
When $\rm{CH_3COONa}$ (sodium acetate) is added to ...
- 171
1
vote
1
answer
99
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Basic behavior of ammonia in aqueous medium [closed]
Thanks to the reversible reaction
$$\ce{NH3 + H2O <=> NH4+ + OH-},\tag{R1}$$
we know that ammonia acts as a weak base. However, I was wondering why it ends up forming ammonium $\ce{NH4+}$ and ...
- 121
0
votes
0
answers
109
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Comparative Solubility of Double Salts
Is there a tendency that could be used to generally forecast how a double salt might dissolve in aqueous medium compared to the simple salts of its constituents?
Example:
There is metal A, metal B and ...
- 1,097
-3
votes
1
answer
111
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Behavior of ionic salts in solution
The electrons of an isolated sodium chloride bound pair in vacuum reside at a semi-classical level in their ground state, so that the Born-Oppenheimer approximation applies, and the 'molecule' acts ...
- 143
1
vote
3
answers
314
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How to decrease the percent of ammonia that is converted to the ammonium ion in water? [closed]
Ammonia is a weak base that reacts with water according to this equation:
NH3(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ NH4+(aq) + OH −(aq)
Will Fe(NO3)3 decrease the ...
- 129
-7
votes
1
answer
4k
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Is Phosphate (PO4 3-) solube in water? [closed]
Josh~
Superphosphate is used instead of just phosphate because superphosphate is a compound whereas phosphate is an ion. This means that phosphate must attach itself with a cation in order to give a ...
0
votes
1
answer
577
views
What happens if you put a piece of copper into a solution containing Al3+ ions?
This is a question in my studies, and I am a little bit confused! I would think it happens nothing because copper is below aluminium in the reactivity series, right?
- 103
1
vote
1
answer
172
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Which ions determine ionic conductivity of a salt solution?
Let's take $\ce{ZnSO4}$ salt solution in water for example. So the ions inside my solution will be $\ce{H+}$, $\ce{OH-}$, $\ce{Zn^2+}$ and $\ce{SO4^2-}$.
My questions are:
Is the ionic conductivity ...
- 59
1
vote
0
answers
47
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how can I predict the rate of water ions precipitation on a surface?
Consider a titanium pot that contains 1kg water with the following ions:
$[Ca^{2+}]=22000$ ppm, $[Mg^{2+}]=1500$ ppm,$[Sr^{2+}]=791$ ppm,$[Na^{1+}]=48000$ ppm,$[Cl^{1-}]=120000$ ppm,$[SO_4^{2-}]=...
- 17
-1
votes
1
answer
53
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How can I get create complex metal ion solution such that the majority of the central metal ions only have one specific ligand?
I'm looking for a way to have the ligand, Chloride ion, datively bond with Copper Sulphate.
I understand it is as simple as creating a solution of Hydrochloric Acid and dissolving Copper Sulphate ...
- 217
0
votes
2
answers
299
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Why don't ions form crystal lattices in water and other polar solvents?
Ionic compounds are in the form of crystal lattices, and when they are dissolved in a polar solvent, they are bonded with the corresponding cations/anions of the polar solvent. For example, $Na^+$ ...
- 219
-1
votes
1
answer
386
views
Can the ions of dissolved salts be physically separated with a strong enough external electric field?
Say you had a arbitrary amount of sodium chloride dissolved in water. Could an external electric field (e.g. the electrically charged plates in Millikan's oil drop experiment) physically pull apart ...
-1
votes
1
answer
97
views
How does the water pollutant sodium nitrate affect the concentrations of other ions in tap (dam) water? [closed]
Context
In my assignment I've been given two water samples from the hinze dam. The first sample has been untouched, however the second has been contaminated with an unknown ionic compound. To ...
- 1
1
vote
1
answer
2k
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Do we consider the dissociation of water when dealing with ion concentrations of a solution?
One mole of hydrated copper(II) sulfate, $\ce{CuSO4 . 5 H2O},$ is dissolved in water. How many moles of ions does the solution contain?
1) 1
2) 2
3) 6
4) 7
The correct answer is 2. Specifically, I'm ...
- 39
0
votes
1
answer
1k
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How to determine which ions will pair to form a compound in an aqueous solution?
Let us assume we have an aqueous solution with the ions $\ce{A+}$, $\ce{B+}$, $\ce{C-}$ and $\ce{D-}$. Which ions will form a bond and why? Will the compound formed be $\ce{AC}$ and $\ce{BD}$ or $\ce{...
- 11
0
votes
1
answer
72
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Calculating the change in pH upon diluting an acid
What volume of water is added to $\pu{400 ml}$ of $\ce{HCL}$ solution so that the pH of the solution increases by 1 unit
This is how far i went but the answer says $\pu{1000 ml }$ where am I wrong is ...
-4
votes
2
answers
4k
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Why does acetic acid (CH3COOH) conduct electricity the worst in comparison to HBr, HCOONa and NaNO3 [closed]
Which of the given substances (in an aqueous solution) conducts electricity the worst: $\ce{CH3COOH}$, $\ce{HBr}$, $\ce{HCOONa}$ and $\ce{NaNO3}$?
I've found this assingment included in the 2017 ...
1
vote
0
answers
32
views
Acid/base separation in nanofiltration
How do semi-permiable membranes handle salts that can separate into an acid and a base based on the "rules" of the membrane?
For example, say I have a nanofiltration membrane that rejects ...
- 1,690
1
vote
1
answer
585
views
Calculating weight of soluble salt in a solution
I got a solution which density is $\pu{1.035 g mL-1}$ and it contains soluble salt $\ce{Ba(NO3)2}$ at concentration of $\pu{0.250 M}$. The teacher is asking from me to "clear" the solution from the $\...
- 305
-2
votes
1
answer
2k
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Why do the Ions Swap in double displacement?
I'm curious but in a double displacement reaction I know that the anions are swapped around and normally a precipitate is formed, but why do the ions swap? Has it got something to do with electrical ...
- 1
3
votes
0
answers
2k
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Non existence of B3+ in solution [closed]
I read that B3+ ions do not exist in aqueous solution, because hydration energy cannot compensate for the sum of first three ionisation energies.
This leads me to the following questions:
If boron (...
- 3,862
-2
votes
1
answer
3k
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Why does copper sulfate disassociate into Cu+2 and SO4-2 when dissolved in water?
I'm trying to understand why exactly copper sulfate disassociates into $\ce{Cu^{2+}}$ and $\ce{SO4^{2-}}$ ions? How is it calculated? I'm trying to find information but it seems as if it is treated as ...
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-2
votes
1
answer
67
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Peroxide without hydrogen [closed]
How come we always see hydrogen peroxide and never peroxide by itself. Is there such a thing as peroxide ? Does this exist in nature? Why is hydrogen always associated with it? Please note: First ...
- 435
-1
votes
2
answers
4k
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Is it necessary to write state symbols in ionic equations and if so, why?
I understand that it is necessary to use state symbols in an equation with compounds shown, such as:
$$\ce{NaCl(aq) +AgNO3 (aq) -> NaNO3 (aq) +AgCl(s)}$$
But is it necessary to use state symbols ...
- 101
4
votes
0
answers
254
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Why does viscosity decrease when divalent cations are dissolved into aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose?
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC/NaCMC/Aqualon) is a common product used in many instances for its unique properties, especially its ability to make solutions viscous. It is well known that the ...
- 53
1
vote
1
answer
2k
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Calculate the molarity of Na+ ions in 20 mL of a .130 M solution of Na2Cr2O7?
The answer is $\pu{0.260 M}$, but I keep getting $\pu{0.0052 M}$ because I thought the right way to do it was by multiplying $\pu{0.130 M}$ by $\pu{0.02 L}$, then multiplying by $2$ moles of $\ce{Na+}$...
- 11
0
votes
1
answer
2k
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How can I separate sodium ions from brine or molten NaCl?
Is possible to separate sodium ions from an aqueous solution of NaCl? If so, how do I go about it?
- 109
10
votes
1
answer
10k
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How does the HCl-KCl Buffer work?
I have just been studying the $\ce{HCl}$-$\ce{KCl}$ 'buffer', but there are still quite a few things I am uncertain about. I would appreciate any help in clearing up some questions I have.
What I ...
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votes
2
answers
87
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What do we call ions without basic and acidic properties
According to Brønsted theory,
Acids are substances (molecules and ions) donating $\ce{H+}$
Bases are substances (molecules and ions) receiving $\ce{H+}$
I've been trying to find a complete Brønsted-...
- 383
4
votes
1
answer
789
views
Relationship between the water ionization constant and ionic strength
I read in a textbook that
the water ionization constant ($K_\mathrm{w}$) increases as the ionic strength of the solution increases
and it confused me. If the ionic strength increased, then the ...
- 137
1
vote
2
answers
424
views
Why do substances ionise in water to turn into charged species? Wouldn't they prefer to stay as uncharged molecules?
Wouldn't this be more stable if they stayed as neutral molecules?
I've learnt that they will seek to reach the ratio of $[A]^a[B]^b/[C]^c$ that matches the $\ce{Ka}$ or $\ce{Kb}$ value.
But I do ...
- 2,853
2
votes
0
answers
46
views
Ionic emission spectrum contamination
Imagine that I am trying to identify the presence of ions from among the metals $\ce {Li,Na,K,Ca,Sr, Ba}$ in some solution through their emission spectrum.
By mistake the wire used to introduce ...
- 121
0
votes
1
answer
106
views
Any differences in metal ion emission spectra?
If I measure the emission spectra of potassium using the following solutions
1) $0.1~\mathrm{M}$ of $\ce{KNO3}$
2) $0.1~\mathrm{M}$ of $\ce{K2SO4}$
will I see any significant differences?
I think ...
- 119
5
votes
1
answer
749
views
Trichloride ion (c.f. triiodide ion)
While triiodide ion is commonly known, why is that trichloride ion (and its salts) almost unheard of? While it does exist according to literature, why is the stability of trichloride ion in aqueous ...
- 51
4
votes
1
answer
533
views
Counterions in adsorption of ions
When an ion is adsorbed from an aqueous solution onto a solid, what happens to its counterion? Obviously, the solution does not become charged - does this mean that it too is adsorbed?
(Example: $
\...
- 1,292
1
vote
1
answer
2k
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How to calculate ion concentrations for a precipitation from the solubility product constant? [closed]
The equilibrium constant for dissolving the insoluble substance gold (I) iodide, AuI (s), in aqueous
solution is 1.6 × 10^-23
at 25ºC. Write the equilibrium constant expression and calculate the ...
- 75
1
vote
1
answer
245
views
Why does the composition of Ocean Water list sodium and chloride separately?
This is the site I am using.
It is also found here, but this uses mg/L instead of percents.
It lists Sodium at 30.8%, and Chloride at 55.3%. How can this be? Shouldn't the two be listed as Sodium ...
2
votes
2
answers
11k
views
Is H+ (in an aqueous solution) = H3O+? [duplicate]
I was learning about autoionization in science and my science teacher wrote $\ce{H3O+}$ as $\ce{H+}$ — now, my intuition would lead me to assume that:
$$\ce{H3O+} = \ce{H+}$$
But, $\ce{H+}$ is just ...
- 409
4
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Can silver metal be used to electrochemically reduce copper?
I have a solution of copper(II) ions and several cations. I am trying to reduce the copper ions to copper metal with electricity. My Ideas was to use silver as the anode and a copper wire as the ...
- 521
0
votes
1
answer
187
views
How can a conductivity experiment have higher voltage than battery?
I did an experiment where I tested the conductivity of different solutions and some substances.
We connected a 9 bolt battery, some aluminum foil sticks, and a multimeter that reads the voltage.
It ...
- 1
4
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Is the concentration of negative ions always equal to that of positive ions?
Is there any way in which a solution can have more negative charge than positive charge, or vice versa? For example, in the context of acid-base chemistry, is there any scenario in which $[\ce{H+}]\ne[...
- 1,292
3
votes
1
answer
4k
views
Reversibility of an acid's reaction with water depending on its strength
This is how my chemistry professor compared reaction of a weak and a strong acid with water:
$$\ce{HCl + H2O -> H3O+ + Cl- + Heat}$$
In this case $\ce{H2O}$ breaks the bond between $\ce{H}$ ...
- 183
0
votes
1
answer
258
views
The stability of the cupric and cuprous ions [duplicate]
My teacher told me that $\ce{Cu^2+}$ is more stable than $\ce{Cu+}$ in solution, but why? I think $\ce{Cu+}$ is $\ce{[Ar] 3d^10 }$ ,$\ce{Cu^2+}$ is $\ce{[Ar] 3d^9}$, why is $\ce{Cu^2+}$ more stable ...
- 82
5
votes
1
answer
3k
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What happens to potassium if potassium permanganate is reduced in a redox reaction? How can I identify spectator ions?
I'm trying to get a fool-proof way of finding the products of a redox reaction. I can do both the oxidation and reduction the half reactions. For example in the potassium permanganate with hydrogen ...
