Here is one setup that gives what you are looking for. I'm simply using the distance to the center of the object, remapping it from [0,1] to [1,0], and apply a square function and a multiplier. I'm using a sphere of radius 1. If your sphere has another radius, then you have to change on value as shown below.
I would suggest using a Power node, set to anything above 1. It will help counterbalance the high emission you want and having a smoother decrease. The higher the exponent, the more the emission will decrease when going away from the center. As you can see in my example, an exponent of 2 is already smoothing the outer part of the volume.
Note that the input of the power node should be in the [0,1] range.
I've also drawn a mathematical representation of how an exponent of 2 will affect your input. You'll notice that the area below the curve decreases as the exponent increases. This means the overall emission will be smaller. That's why I'm using a Multiply node at the end.