Rhinoplasty

This word is derived from the Greek language (rhinos = “nose" + plastikos = “to shape") and is a type of plastic surgery that is used to improve the function or appearance of a person's nose. Rhinoplasty is also commonly called a nose job. This surgery is performed to meet aesthetic goals or for reconstructive purposes to correct birth defects or breathing problems. It can be combined with other surgical procedures such as chin augmentation to enhance the aesthetic results.

History
Rhinoplasty was first developed by Sushruta. He was a very important physician who lived in ancient India circa 500 BC, which he first described in his book Susrutha Samhita. He had many students and disciples who later used Rhinoplasty to reconstruct noses that were amputated as a punishment for crimes. He developed techniques of forehead Flap Rhinoplasty which is practiced almost unchanged to this day. This knowledge of plastic surgery existed in India up to the late 18th century.

The first intranasal Rhinoplasty in the west was performed by John Orlando Roe in 1887. In 1898 Jacques Joshep used it for cosmetic purposes to help those who felt that the shape or size of their nose caused them embarrassment and social discomfort.

Associated health risks:
Because of the special nature of the blood supply to the human nose and its surrounding areas, it is possible for retrograde infections from the nasal area to spread to the brain. For this reason, the area from the corners of the mouth to the bridge of the nose, including the nose and axilla, is known to doctors as the danger triangle of the face.

How Rhinoplasty is performed:

1. It can be performed under a general anesthetic or with local anesthetic, depending on patient or doctor preference.
2. Incisions are made inside the nostrils. Sometimes tiny inconspicuous incisions are also made on the columella, the bit of skin that separates the nostrils.
3. The surgeon first separates soft tissues of the nose from the underlying structures, then reshapes the cartilage and bone causing the deformity.
4. In some cases, the surgeon may shape a small piece of the patients own cartilage or bone to strengthen or increase the structure of the nose
5. Sometimes this is done for cosmetic reasons. It can also be done to improve breathing
6. In rarer cases, a synthetic implant may be used to reconstruct the nose if the normal structure of bone and cartilage is badly damaged or weakened.
7. Alloplastic synthetic materials are often associated with long-term complications.
8. Cartilage from the septum, ear oro rib may be used alternatively.
9. To improve nasal breathing function, septoplasty may be performed, with or without cosmetic changes. The cartilage removed may be used as a graft to improve the appearance and structure of the nose.

Entertainment industry:
We all know that the cosmetic surgery is very common is the entertainment industry. Rhinoplasty is mostly performed on women.

The Los Angeles examiner of May 5, 1930 , stated that: