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mHealth - how to make Wireless Healthcare work

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Nick Hunn
Nick Hunn

mHealth Business models for consumer healthcare. Health Demographics explaining the problem and an analysis of why wireless is needed as part of the solution. Why Bluetooth Health Device Profile and Low Energy provide the best choice for mobile health devices.

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Nick Hunn CTO – WiFore, Vice-Chairman, Mobile Data Association Enabling a Revolution in 21st Century Healthcare The role of wireless in consumer healthcare presented at “The Future of Wireless 2009” - Cambridge Wireless Network
What is changing in the healthcare business environment? Political Local purchasing of health services Personal budgets Economic Reduced economic growth Tax implications for public spending Social Aging population Family structure and dispersal Demands for choice in health and welfare Technological Focus on technology development (e.g. economic driver) New developments in wireless (e.g. range and power requirements) Internet and information technology
The older Generation is Getting Bigger People are living longer, and not being replaced at the same rate. It places a growing strain on healthcare support, in terms of costs and carers.
UK Demographics 2014 (predicted) 2008 Actual over 65s > than under 16s 2050 Four times as many needing care At four times the current cost While the numbers available to do the caring decline.
Fewer Carers & Tax Payers Most health systems rely on today’s payments to fund today’s care costs. With fewer to pay, that model will break. We have to take cost out of the healthcare system.
Costs are Rising Already, healthcare costs are rising. Patients demand more, yet live more years of ill health while treatment costs rise.
Well controlled condition Partly controlled single condition Multiple / complex conditions Professional Care Assisted Living / eHealth Prevention Healthy Population Intensity of Care Assisted Living and eHealth can help keep people out of expensive Professional Care.
It is vastly cheaper to keep patients at home in good health. That makes technology that encourages wellness and independence increasingly important.
Why it’s important to work on prevention
Where are the business opportunities? Not in curing patients. It’s too hard. In helping patients to live with existing conditions. In helping people to live independently at home for longer. In allowing people to continue their normal lifestyle. In providing support and reassurance for family and carers. Two key opportunities are Managing Long Term Chronic Conditions Assisted Living
Long Term Chronic Disease in England One of the major costs is treating and caring for Long Term Chronic Conditions.
Number of people with at least one LTC in England Our current lifestyle means that this cost will increase.
Proportion of people with LTCs by age And as we get older, we collect more of them…
Market Drivers – Long Term Condition Management It’s not about curing people – it’s about reducing costs and helping people to live healthier lives. People with LTCs should be supported to make healthier lifestyle choices We need to promote the benefits of healthier lifestyle choices and support people to make those choices. The greater an individual’s sense of self worth, the more they will want to take care of their health and the more likely they are to work and become socially included. Who buys it? Patients Insurers Drug Suppliers
Assisted Living It’s about learning people’s living patterns, to help reinforce confidence and detect changes of pattern that might be associated with illness or deterioration. Assisted Living enables people to remain independent longer and reduces unplanned hospital admission. Mostly simple sensors: Motion Fire / Smoke / CO 2 Occupancy (Bed / Chair) Use (Cooker / Door / Fridge / Oven) Final Exit / Geotagging (for Alzheimers) Fall Alarms Water flow / flood
Assisted Living – Typical Sensor Locations SAPHE Project An example of sensor placement – typically many simple passive sensors
The Market 30% of homes in Europe and the US could benefit from assisted living monitors. Each deployment will include between 10 and 30 sensors. Between 1 and 3 Billion sensors It is the largest single market for wireless sensors
Market Drivers – Assisted Living Increasing Independence Giving Peace of Mind to the frail, their family and their professional carers Reduce emergency admissions and readmission to hospital Who buys it? Kids (who don’t want their parents to live with them) Parents (who don’t want to live with their kids) Local Authorities / Social Services Retirement Homes
Why Wireless? Remote Capture of Data Patients don’t need to remember anything – it just happens Transmission of Data to Server Application Timely delivery means useful analysis Ease of Installation (and removal) No wiring Ease of Expansion Add additional sensors as they’re needed “ Too many wires.” “ There was a mess with all the wires. It took them a while to sort it out and conceal them.” JIT Evaluation of the Telecare Development Programme – Final report
The Continua Health Alliance - www.continuaalliance.org Continua defines Data Transport - currently Bluetooth BR/EDR for wireless IEEE 11073 and Bluetooth low energy define Data Formats Continua member companies help people with chronic conditions live healthier lives by connecting them to their care team through a more efficient exchange of personal health information. Family care givers Disease management service Personal Health Record Healthcare provider Digital Home Cell Phone PC Personal Health System Internet Standards Help PEDOMETER BLOOD- PRESSURE CUFF MEDICATION TRACKING WEIGHT SCALE FITNESS EQUIPMENT IMPLANT PULSE OX
Why Wireless? Short range wireless connects personal devices to the Internet, where patient data can be tracked and analysed. Most analysis will be about trends which can be used to promote wellness, NOT critical data. It needs a short range connection (typically Bluetooth), going to a wide area link – mobile or broadband. There are two Bluetooth standards that are applicable: Health Device Profile for devices that measure waveforms, perform frequent measurements, or connect to clinician systems. Low Energy Bluetooth for battery powered sensors and wearable devices
Topologies for the local wireless connection xHRN-Interface Application Hosting Device PAN Device Continua model EHR Compliant WAN Device Bluetooth low energy gateway
Bluetooth Health Device Profile Key Features Reliable Data Transfer Streaming Data (or any combination of the above) Precise Time Synchronisation ~ 1msec Efficient Reconnection Management Connection Manager Retained System State Computation Engine Concept Mobile Phone Home Health Centre Set Top Box PC
The Bluetooth low energy approach to internet connected devices Pair devices by an intuitive method, e.g. NFC, proximity or simple buttons. Phone interrogates the scale and sees that it wants to connect to a gateway service, which the phone can provide.
Gateway finds list of remote services Gateway (phone) reads the list of Health 2.0 services that the scale can be linked to and displays these for the user to select. If the gateway is not a phone and has no display, (e.g. a router or STB) then there should be a default choice, otherwise, The User makes their choice.
Gateway connects device to middleware Gateway (phone) gets the IP address and any specific access information from scale and uses these to create a connection to the middleware. This process automatically registers the device with the Health 2.0 application and informs the user how they can access their data on the website. Internet
Gateway provides transparent bridge From this point the Gateway (phone) becomes a transparent bridge. Middleware can now read data directly from the device and acts as a “virtual master” to perform any other setup or updates. In use, the device can interact directly with the middleware whenever it detects the presence of a gateway, sending real time or stored data. The user accesses the data directly via the Health 2.0 application.
Targeted Devices for Bluetooth HDP and LE BR/EDR LE Bluetooth Enabled Health Devices with BR/EDR Bluetooth Enabled Computation Engines with BR/EDR Bluetooth Enabled Health Devices with LE Blood Pressure Meters Weight Scales Pulse Oximeters (Streaming data) Glucose Monitors Thermometers Mobile Phones PCs Telehealth Devices Healthcare Appliances Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) Heart Rate Belts & Monitors Physical Activity Monitors Glucose Monitors (coin cell versions) Thermometers (coin cell versions)
What’s missing? The Compelling Application that keeps users involved. Use Web 2.0 technology / hype to “empower” the patient. Today applications requires manual data entry or patients need to understand medical data. The market happens when it becomes as easy and as compelling as Weightwatchers. Where will it come from / Who will own the health brand? Consumer Medical Device Vendors? Mobile Network Operators? Healthcare Providers? Health 2.0 Application Developers Supermarkets? Patients and Community Groups?
The Catch 22 of Telecare We’re still waiting for large scale trials. Data fusion remains the missing piece. We need to be able to automate and scale rapidly to meet the demographics issue. Open Source development may be the answer to these issues. In that case, the industry or sponsors should concentrate of providing development tools rather than services. There’s a growing number of programmers and product developers who are at the age where they have a vested interest in making it work. We need to engage them with Health 2.0 if we’re going to progress beyond it.
Mass deployment means thinking out of the box Mass compliance means we have to hide the sensor. Think about devices that people use and make them the assisted living sensor. Design or use new sensor technology that can be hidden. I’ve got up… I’m watching the TV… I’m going to bed…
Major Barriers to be aware of The Medical Profession Who don’t want to lose the status they have built up over the last few centuries. That’s why they prefer “Consumer directed” to “Patient empowerment”. Silo Funding Working out who pays for it. Total savings are often lost or hidden because of the fragmented funding routes. Data Fusion The Catch 22 of not enough participants to generate a critical mass of data to feed expert systems. The nightmare scenario is that when we have sufficient data we cannot dig any useful information out of it.
Essential Reading Raising the Profile of Long Term Conditions Care – Dept of Health tinyurl.com/ltcdoc JIT - Final Evaluation Report on Telecare (Scotland) 2009 tinyurl.com/jitreport JIT Appendices tinyurl.com/jitappendix “ Overtreated” – Shannon Brownlee – an analysis of the US healthcare system “ Sicko” – Michael Moore – How bad it can be (before the demographics kick in) Creative Connectivity blog – www.nickhunn.com Mobile Data Association – www.themda.org/ehealth
Thank You Nick Hunn Director mob : +44 7768 890 148 email : nick@wifore.com web : www.wifore.com

More Related Content

mHealth - how to make Wireless Healthcare work

  • 1. Nick Hunn CTO – WiFore, Vice-Chairman, Mobile Data Association Enabling a Revolution in 21st Century Healthcare The role of wireless in consumer healthcare presented at “The Future of Wireless 2009” - Cambridge Wireless Network
  • 2. What is changing in the healthcare business environment? Political Local purchasing of health services Personal budgets Economic Reduced economic growth Tax implications for public spending Social Aging population Family structure and dispersal Demands for choice in health and welfare Technological Focus on technology development (e.g. economic driver) New developments in wireless (e.g. range and power requirements) Internet and information technology
  • 3. The older Generation is Getting Bigger People are living longer, and not being replaced at the same rate. It places a growing strain on healthcare support, in terms of costs and carers.
  • 4. UK Demographics 2014 (predicted) 2008 Actual over 65s > than under 16s 2050 Four times as many needing care At four times the current cost While the numbers available to do the caring decline.
  • 5. Fewer Carers & Tax Payers Most health systems rely on today’s payments to fund today’s care costs. With fewer to pay, that model will break. We have to take cost out of the healthcare system.
  • 6. Costs are Rising Already, healthcare costs are rising. Patients demand more, yet live more years of ill health while treatment costs rise.
  • 7. Well controlled condition Partly controlled single condition Multiple / complex conditions Professional Care Assisted Living / eHealth Prevention Healthy Population Intensity of Care Assisted Living and eHealth can help keep people out of expensive Professional Care.
  • 8. It is vastly cheaper to keep patients at home in good health. That makes technology that encourages wellness and independence increasingly important.
  • 9. Why it’s important to work on prevention
  • 10. Where are the business opportunities? Not in curing patients. It’s too hard. In helping patients to live with existing conditions. In helping people to live independently at home for longer. In allowing people to continue their normal lifestyle. In providing support and reassurance for family and carers. Two key opportunities are Managing Long Term Chronic Conditions Assisted Living
  • 11. Long Term Chronic Disease in England One of the major costs is treating and caring for Long Term Chronic Conditions.
  • 12. Number of people with at least one LTC in England Our current lifestyle means that this cost will increase.
  • 13. Proportion of people with LTCs by age And as we get older, we collect more of them…
  • 14. Market Drivers – Long Term Condition Management It’s not about curing people – it’s about reducing costs and helping people to live healthier lives. People with LTCs should be supported to make healthier lifestyle choices We need to promote the benefits of healthier lifestyle choices and support people to make those choices. The greater an individual’s sense of self worth, the more they will want to take care of their health and the more likely they are to work and become socially included. Who buys it? Patients Insurers Drug Suppliers
  • 15. Assisted Living It’s about learning people’s living patterns, to help reinforce confidence and detect changes of pattern that might be associated with illness or deterioration. Assisted Living enables people to remain independent longer and reduces unplanned hospital admission. Mostly simple sensors: Motion Fire / Smoke / CO 2 Occupancy (Bed / Chair) Use (Cooker / Door / Fridge / Oven) Final Exit / Geotagging (for Alzheimers) Fall Alarms Water flow / flood
  • 16. Assisted Living – Typical Sensor Locations SAPHE Project An example of sensor placement – typically many simple passive sensors
  • 17. The Market 30% of homes in Europe and the US could benefit from assisted living monitors. Each deployment will include between 10 and 30 sensors. Between 1 and 3 Billion sensors It is the largest single market for wireless sensors
  • 18. Market Drivers – Assisted Living Increasing Independence Giving Peace of Mind to the frail, their family and their professional carers Reduce emergency admissions and readmission to hospital Who buys it? Kids (who don’t want their parents to live with them) Parents (who don’t want to live with their kids) Local Authorities / Social Services Retirement Homes
  • 19. Why Wireless? Remote Capture of Data Patients don’t need to remember anything – it just happens Transmission of Data to Server Application Timely delivery means useful analysis Ease of Installation (and removal) No wiring Ease of Expansion Add additional sensors as they’re needed “ Too many wires.” “ There was a mess with all the wires. It took them a while to sort it out and conceal them.” JIT Evaluation of the Telecare Development Programme – Final report
  • 20. The Continua Health Alliance - www.continuaalliance.org Continua defines Data Transport - currently Bluetooth BR/EDR for wireless IEEE 11073 and Bluetooth low energy define Data Formats Continua member companies help people with chronic conditions live healthier lives by connecting them to their care team through a more efficient exchange of personal health information. Family care givers Disease management service Personal Health Record Healthcare provider Digital Home Cell Phone PC Personal Health System Internet Standards Help PEDOMETER BLOOD- PRESSURE CUFF MEDICATION TRACKING WEIGHT SCALE FITNESS EQUIPMENT IMPLANT PULSE OX
  • 21. Why Wireless? Short range wireless connects personal devices to the Internet, where patient data can be tracked and analysed. Most analysis will be about trends which can be used to promote wellness, NOT critical data. It needs a short range connection (typically Bluetooth), going to a wide area link – mobile or broadband. There are two Bluetooth standards that are applicable: Health Device Profile for devices that measure waveforms, perform frequent measurements, or connect to clinician systems. Low Energy Bluetooth for battery powered sensors and wearable devices
  • 22. Topologies for the local wireless connection xHRN-Interface Application Hosting Device PAN Device Continua model EHR Compliant WAN Device Bluetooth low energy gateway
  • 23. Bluetooth Health Device Profile Key Features Reliable Data Transfer Streaming Data (or any combination of the above) Precise Time Synchronisation ~ 1msec Efficient Reconnection Management Connection Manager Retained System State Computation Engine Concept Mobile Phone Home Health Centre Set Top Box PC
  • 24. The Bluetooth low energy approach to internet connected devices Pair devices by an intuitive method, e.g. NFC, proximity or simple buttons. Phone interrogates the scale and sees that it wants to connect to a gateway service, which the phone can provide.
  • 25. Gateway finds list of remote services Gateway (phone) reads the list of Health 2.0 services that the scale can be linked to and displays these for the user to select. If the gateway is not a phone and has no display, (e.g. a router or STB) then there should be a default choice, otherwise, The User makes their choice.
  • 26. Gateway connects device to middleware Gateway (phone) gets the IP address and any specific access information from scale and uses these to create a connection to the middleware. This process automatically registers the device with the Health 2.0 application and informs the user how they can access their data on the website. Internet
  • 27. Gateway provides transparent bridge From this point the Gateway (phone) becomes a transparent bridge. Middleware can now read data directly from the device and acts as a “virtual master” to perform any other setup or updates. In use, the device can interact directly with the middleware whenever it detects the presence of a gateway, sending real time or stored data. The user accesses the data directly via the Health 2.0 application.
  • 28. Targeted Devices for Bluetooth HDP and LE BR/EDR LE Bluetooth Enabled Health Devices with BR/EDR Bluetooth Enabled Computation Engines with BR/EDR Bluetooth Enabled Health Devices with LE Blood Pressure Meters Weight Scales Pulse Oximeters (Streaming data) Glucose Monitors Thermometers Mobile Phones PCs Telehealth Devices Healthcare Appliances Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) Heart Rate Belts & Monitors Physical Activity Monitors Glucose Monitors (coin cell versions) Thermometers (coin cell versions)
  • 29. What’s missing? The Compelling Application that keeps users involved. Use Web 2.0 technology / hype to “empower” the patient. Today applications requires manual data entry or patients need to understand medical data. The market happens when it becomes as easy and as compelling as Weightwatchers. Where will it come from / Who will own the health brand? Consumer Medical Device Vendors? Mobile Network Operators? Healthcare Providers? Health 2.0 Application Developers Supermarkets? Patients and Community Groups?
  • 30. The Catch 22 of Telecare We’re still waiting for large scale trials. Data fusion remains the missing piece. We need to be able to automate and scale rapidly to meet the demographics issue. Open Source development may be the answer to these issues. In that case, the industry or sponsors should concentrate of providing development tools rather than services. There’s a growing number of programmers and product developers who are at the age where they have a vested interest in making it work. We need to engage them with Health 2.0 if we’re going to progress beyond it.
  • 31. Mass deployment means thinking out of the box Mass compliance means we have to hide the sensor. Think about devices that people use and make them the assisted living sensor. Design or use new sensor technology that can be hidden. I’ve got up… I’m watching the TV… I’m going to bed…
  • 32. Major Barriers to be aware of The Medical Profession Who don’t want to lose the status they have built up over the last few centuries. That’s why they prefer “Consumer directed” to “Patient empowerment”. Silo Funding Working out who pays for it. Total savings are often lost or hidden because of the fragmented funding routes. Data Fusion The Catch 22 of not enough participants to generate a critical mass of data to feed expert systems. The nightmare scenario is that when we have sufficient data we cannot dig any useful information out of it.
  • 33. Essential Reading Raising the Profile of Long Term Conditions Care – Dept of Health tinyurl.com/ltcdoc JIT - Final Evaluation Report on Telecare (Scotland) 2009 tinyurl.com/jitreport JIT Appendices tinyurl.com/jitappendix “ Overtreated” – Shannon Brownlee – an analysis of the US healthcare system “ Sicko” – Michael Moore – How bad it can be (before the demographics kick in) Creative Connectivity blog – www.nickhunn.com Mobile Data Association – www.themda.org/ehealth
  • 34. Thank You Nick Hunn Director mob : +44 7768 890 148 email : nick@wifore.com web : www.wifore.com