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Water quality monitoring in a smart city based on IOT

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Mayur Rahangdale
Mayur Rahangdale

The document describes a water quality monitoring system for smart cities using IoT. The system uses sensors to measure parameters like pH and turbidity in water samples. The sensor data is sent to a smartphone application in real-time via an Arduino board, WiFi module, and Blynk software. The smartphone app displays the sensor readings and issues alerts if water quality thresholds are exceeded. The system allows low-cost, automatic, and remote water quality monitoring to help ensure a safe drinking water supply.

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Water Quality Monitoring In A Smart City NAME – MAYUR UTTAMLAL RAHANGDALE BRANCH – CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT VJTI MUMBAI
INTRODUCTION  In today’s world, billions of people are still living without safe water. Currently, 500 million Indians are facing extreme water strain and about two lakh people die every year due to insufficient access to safe water. The crisis is only going to get worse. India ranks 120 amongst 122 countries in the quality of water.  In order to ensure the safe supply of the drinking water the quality needs to be monitor in real time therefore a low-cost real-time water quality monitoring system had been developed for Water Quality Monitoring in Smart City. This intended approach helped to replace the former way of manual testing by updating the sensors information over an application’s platform.
 The system consist of several sensors is used to measuring physical and chemical parameters of the water. The parameters such as pH and turbidity can be measured. These parameters were essential in order to detect water contamination.  Real-time water quality monitoring helps us to provide the alert about current, ongoing, and originating problems, taking care of our potable water as per the drinking water standards. Assessments based on monitoring data help lawmakers and water managers to analyse water policies, determine if water quality is getting better or worse, and creating new policies to better protect human health and the environment. Checking the quality of water, can help us answer questions about whether the water is allowable for drinking or not.  The Central Pollution control Board (CPCB) has established a series of monitoring stations across Ganga Basin which monitor the water quality on either monthly or yearly basis.
METHODOLOGY Fig- Topology of the IoT Water Quality Monitoring system
Water Quality Monitoring Hardware Software 1) Turbidity Sensor 2) pH Sensor 3) Arduino Uno 4) Power Supply 5) WIFI module 6) Jumper Wire 7) Breadboard 1) Blynk 2) Arduino IDE 3) Dec-C++
Turbidity Sensor  detect water quality by measuring level cloudiness/haziness in the water  detect suspended particles in water by measuring the scattering rate and the light transmittance.  This sensor gives an output in the form of an analogue signal.
pH Sensor  measures the level of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.  It operates on 5V power supply  This sensor gives an output in the form of an analogue signal
Arduino Uno  central controller for this project  It is a microcontroller based on the ATmega328P  It has 14 digital input/output pins, six analogue inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button
Power Supply  In this project, a 9V battery is used to power the controller  The recommended range of power supply is 7 to 12 volts.
WIFI module  The ESP8266 WIFI Module is a self-contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your WIFI network
Jumper Wire  A jumper wire is an electrical wire or group of them in a cable that came with a connector or pin at each end which is typically used to connect the components of a breadboard.
Breadboard  A breadboard is a board that is used as a construction base in developing an electronic circuit.  The breadboard used in this project is solderless, which can be reusable  It is made of plastic and perforated with numerous holes
SOFTWARE  In this project development, three different software are required for successful implementation. A. Blynk  Blynk is a new platform that allows users to quickly build interfaces for controlling and monitoring hardware projects from iOS and Android device. After downloading the Blynk apps, the user can create a project dashboard and arrange buttons, sliders, graphs, and other widgets onto the screen. Using the widgets, user can turn pins on and off or display data from sensors.
Use of Simulation software-Blynk Blynk made complex IoT technology simple. It can actuate hardware remotely, it can display sensor data, it can store data, visualize it and it could be explored more according to the application. There are three major components in the platform • Blynk App • Blynk Server • Blynk Libraries Create a Blynk Account Steps a) Create a New Project b) Choosing Hardware c) Auth Token d) Add a Widget
Architecture of IoT based system using Blynk App • Drag-n-Drop • Widget Settings • Run The Project
B. Arduino IDE Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects C. Dec-C++ Dec-C++ is a free full-featured integrated development environment (IDE) distributed under the GNU General Public License for programming in C and C++.
Fig -flowchart IoT Water Quality Monitoring system. Prototype Development and Testing
Water quality monitoring in a smart city based on IOT
We have identified a suitable implementation model that consists of different sensor devices and other modules, their functionalities etc. In this implementation model we used ATMEGA 328 with Wi-Fi module. Inbuilt ADC and Wi-Fi module connects the embedded device to internet. Sensors are connected to Arduino UNO board for monitoring, ADC will convert the corresponding sensor reading to its digital value and from that value the parameter such as Ph and turbidity will be evaluated. After sensing the data from different sensor devices, which are placed in particular area of interest. The sensed data will be automatically sent to the Smartphone via Blynk application. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 Figure shows the Blynk's application GUI. The GUI displayed the pH value and turbidity value with cloud charts that store its data. The chart will be updated every second whenever the reading changes.
The indicated red icon indicated a warning sign message.
In this proposed work, the design and deployment of the real-time water quality monitoring system using wireless network had been presented. The readings of the pH and turbidity of the water samples will be later on displayed via mobile application. The system can monitor water quality automatically, and it is low in cost and does not require people on duty. So, the water quality testing is likely to be more economical, convenient and fast. The system has good flexibility. Only by replacing the corresponding sensors and changing the relevant software programs, this system can be used to monitor other water quality parameters. The operation is simple. The system can be expanded to monitor hydrologic, air pollution, industrial and agricultural production and so on. It has widespread application and extension value. By implementing this method of idea, there will be safe drinking of water in future and the quality of the water is monitored and checked where ever we are. CONCLUSION
1.Mohd Sallehin Mohd Kassim, Aznida Sajak, Rifqi Rozman, IoT Water Quality Monitoring for Smart City, International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering September 2020. 2.Vaishnavi V. Daigavane and Dr. M.A Gaikwad, Water Quality Monitoring System Based on IOT, Number 5 (2017). 3. A. Guna Selvi1, S. Vibhithra1, A. John Clement Sunder2, IoT Based Water Quality Monitoring System for Smart Cities, Volume 5 Issue 3, March-April 2021, e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 4.Shreya Joshi, Gouri Uttarwar, Payal Sawlani, Ram Adlakhe, NodeMCU and Blynk aided Advanced Water Quality Monitoring Set-up, April 2020. 5.Chetna Bhisekar, Harshalata Meghare, Shital Parate, Swati Prajapati, Bhushan Meshram Prof. N. P. Bobade, AN IOT BASED WATER MONITORING SYSTEM FOR SMART CITY, e-ISSN: 2395-0056, p-ISSN: 2395-0072, Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 REFERENCES

More Related Content

Water quality monitoring in a smart city based on IOT

  • 1. Water Quality Monitoring In A Smart City NAME – MAYUR UTTAMLAL RAHANGDALE BRANCH – CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT VJTI MUMBAI
  • 2. INTRODUCTION  In today’s world, billions of people are still living without safe water. Currently, 500 million Indians are facing extreme water strain and about two lakh people die every year due to insufficient access to safe water. The crisis is only going to get worse. India ranks 120 amongst 122 countries in the quality of water.  In order to ensure the safe supply of the drinking water the quality needs to be monitor in real time therefore a low-cost real-time water quality monitoring system had been developed for Water Quality Monitoring in Smart City. This intended approach helped to replace the former way of manual testing by updating the sensors information over an application’s platform.
  • 3.  The system consist of several sensors is used to measuring physical and chemical parameters of the water. The parameters such as pH and turbidity can be measured. These parameters were essential in order to detect water contamination.  Real-time water quality monitoring helps us to provide the alert about current, ongoing, and originating problems, taking care of our potable water as per the drinking water standards. Assessments based on monitoring data help lawmakers and water managers to analyse water policies, determine if water quality is getting better or worse, and creating new policies to better protect human health and the environment. Checking the quality of water, can help us answer questions about whether the water is allowable for drinking or not.  The Central Pollution control Board (CPCB) has established a series of monitoring stations across Ganga Basin which monitor the water quality on either monthly or yearly basis.
  • 4. METHODOLOGY Fig- Topology of the IoT Water Quality Monitoring system
  • 5. Water Quality Monitoring Hardware Software 1) Turbidity Sensor 2) pH Sensor 3) Arduino Uno 4) Power Supply 5) WIFI module 6) Jumper Wire 7) Breadboard 1) Blynk 2) Arduino IDE 3) Dec-C++
  • 6. Turbidity Sensor  detect water quality by measuring level cloudiness/haziness in the water  detect suspended particles in water by measuring the scattering rate and the light transmittance.  This sensor gives an output in the form of an analogue signal.
  • 7. pH Sensor  measures the level of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.  It operates on 5V power supply  This sensor gives an output in the form of an analogue signal
  • 8. Arduino Uno  central controller for this project  It is a microcontroller based on the ATmega328P  It has 14 digital input/output pins, six analogue inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button
  • 9. Power Supply  In this project, a 9V battery is used to power the controller  The recommended range of power supply is 7 to 12 volts.
  • 10. WIFI module  The ESP8266 WIFI Module is a self-contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your WIFI network
  • 11. Jumper Wire  A jumper wire is an electrical wire or group of them in a cable that came with a connector or pin at each end which is typically used to connect the components of a breadboard.
  • 12. Breadboard  A breadboard is a board that is used as a construction base in developing an electronic circuit.  The breadboard used in this project is solderless, which can be reusable  It is made of plastic and perforated with numerous holes
  • 13. SOFTWARE  In this project development, three different software are required for successful implementation. A. Blynk  Blynk is a new platform that allows users to quickly build interfaces for controlling and monitoring hardware projects from iOS and Android device. After downloading the Blynk apps, the user can create a project dashboard and arrange buttons, sliders, graphs, and other widgets onto the screen. Using the widgets, user can turn pins on and off or display data from sensors.
  • 14. Use of Simulation software-Blynk Blynk made complex IoT technology simple. It can actuate hardware remotely, it can display sensor data, it can store data, visualize it and it could be explored more according to the application. There are three major components in the platform • Blynk App • Blynk Server • Blynk Libraries Create a Blynk Account Steps a) Create a New Project b) Choosing Hardware c) Auth Token d) Add a Widget
  • 15. Architecture of IoT based system using Blynk App • Drag-n-Drop • Widget Settings • Run The Project
  • 16. B. Arduino IDE Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects C. Dec-C++ Dec-C++ is a free full-featured integrated development environment (IDE) distributed under the GNU General Public License for programming in C and C++.
  • 17. Fig -flowchart IoT Water Quality Monitoring system. Prototype Development and Testing
  • 19. We have identified a suitable implementation model that consists of different sensor devices and other modules, their functionalities etc. In this implementation model we used ATMEGA 328 with Wi-Fi module. Inbuilt ADC and Wi-Fi module connects the embedded device to internet. Sensors are connected to Arduino UNO board for monitoring, ADC will convert the corresponding sensor reading to its digital value and from that value the parameter such as Ph and turbidity will be evaluated. After sensing the data from different sensor devices, which are placed in particular area of interest. The sensed data will be automatically sent to the Smartphone via Blynk application. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
  • 20.  Figure shows the Blynk's application GUI. The GUI displayed the pH value and turbidity value with cloud charts that store its data. The chart will be updated every second whenever the reading changes.
  • 21. The indicated red icon indicated a warning sign message.
  • 22. In this proposed work, the design and deployment of the real-time water quality monitoring system using wireless network had been presented. The readings of the pH and turbidity of the water samples will be later on displayed via mobile application. The system can monitor water quality automatically, and it is low in cost and does not require people on duty. So, the water quality testing is likely to be more economical, convenient and fast. The system has good flexibility. Only by replacing the corresponding sensors and changing the relevant software programs, this system can be used to monitor other water quality parameters. The operation is simple. The system can be expanded to monitor hydrologic, air pollution, industrial and agricultural production and so on. It has widespread application and extension value. By implementing this method of idea, there will be safe drinking of water in future and the quality of the water is monitored and checked where ever we are. CONCLUSION
  • 23. 1.Mohd Sallehin Mohd Kassim, Aznida Sajak, Rifqi Rozman, IoT Water Quality Monitoring for Smart City, International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering September 2020. 2.Vaishnavi V. Daigavane and Dr. M.A Gaikwad, Water Quality Monitoring System Based on IOT, Number 5 (2017). 3. A. Guna Selvi1, S. Vibhithra1, A. John Clement Sunder2, IoT Based Water Quality Monitoring System for Smart Cities, Volume 5 Issue 3, March-April 2021, e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470 4.Shreya Joshi, Gouri Uttarwar, Payal Sawlani, Ram Adlakhe, NodeMCU and Blynk aided Advanced Water Quality Monitoring Set-up, April 2020. 5.Chetna Bhisekar, Harshalata Meghare, Shital Parate, Swati Prajapati, Bhushan Meshram Prof. N. P. Bobade, AN IOT BASED WATER MONITORING SYSTEM FOR SMART CITY, e-ISSN: 2395-0056, p-ISSN: 2395-0072, Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 REFERENCES