Enterprise Project and Portfolio Management: Managing the RevolutionUMT
This document discusses strategies for successfully implementing enterprise project and portfolio management (EPPM) frameworks in large, global organizations. It identifies common challenges such as scale, incomplete solutions, political governance issues, and lack of standardized metrics. The document recommends 12 principles for EPPM implementation, including securing senior management sponsorship, identifying clear objectives, employing a phased approach, leveraging pilots, implementing change management, including financial analysis, consolidating systems, and conducting ongoing analysis. Case studies and examples are provided for each principle to illustrate proven strategies. The overall goal is to provide guidance for organizations navigating the complexities of implementing comprehensive EPPM on an enterprise-wide scale.
In this PM Crosstalk forum, share with your peers two lessons lea.docxjaggernaoma
In this PM Crosstalk forum, share with your peers two 'lessons learned' that you will take away from this course.
Make something up related to Project Management on the topic of lessons learned. See below for additional content.
Why Retrospectives? Lessons learned represent an analysis carried out during and shortly after the project life cycle; they attempt to capture positive and negative project learning. That is, “what worked and what didn’t?” Lessons learned (postmortems, post-project review, or whatever name you choose to use) have long been part of project management. Peter Senge’s The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization (1990) drew attention to institutionalizing organizational learning. Although the past processes have been useful for closure and lessons learned, sadly their real value has not been exploited. Large, multinational companies with projects spread across the globe have been disappointed in their failure to effectively mine lessons learned. Smaller organizations observed, they too were not reaping the golden rewards of lessons learned. The same mistakes continue year after year. In the words of one executive: “Lessons learned are worth their weight in gold. I do not understand why we don’t do a better job nurturing, dispersing, and implementing lessons learned.” The processes for capturing lessons learned continue to evolve, but there are still many barriers to effectively mining the lessons learned that have been identified by practitioners. A few of the most ubiquitous barriers are noted here. • The most common reason given for not creating lessons learned is lack of time. • Most lessons learned are captured when the project is complete; teams get little direction or support after the lessons are reported.
• Lessons learned often degenerate into blame sessions that became emotionally damaging. • Lessons learned are not being used across different locations. • Lessons learned while implementing the project are seldom used to improve the remaining work in the project. • Too often the lessons learned are not used in future projects because the organizational culture fails to recognize the value of learning. What is needed to overcome these barriers is a methodology and management philosophy to ensure lessons learned are identified, utilized, and become a significant part of the project management organizational culture. The keys are to turn lessons learned into actions taken and to have someone own the lesson. One effort that appears to address the barriers and offer a solution is retrospectives. The military has long used retrospectives to improve their operations (e.g., after each maneuver). Retrospectives have emerged as a strong process and management philosophy used by project-driven organizations around the world to mine the gold that lessons learned can provide. Retrospectives are championed by Norman Kerth in his text Project Retrospectives (2001). A retrospective is a methodology.
The document discusses problem solving and decision making using the McKinsey 7S framework. It begins by explaining the 7S framework, which includes strategy, structure, staff, skills, shared values, style, and systems. An example is then provided to illustrate how to define a problem statement. A good problem statement should be specific, measurable, action-oriented, relevant, and time-bound. It provides context, potential challenges, success criteria, stakeholders, and information sources. Structuring the problem is also discussed, including using an issue tree to break down a complex problem into discrete parts. This helps ensure a thorough and logical problem solving process.
This document provides an overview of strategic management concepts including definitions, models, and frameworks. It defines strategic management as identifying and executing a company's strategic plan by matching capabilities with environmental demands. Several strategic management models and frameworks are described in detail, including Porter's 5 Forces model, the GE planning grid, McKinsey's 7S framework, and Boston Consulting Group's growth-share matrix. The levels of strategy and process of strategic management are also outlined.
The document discusses strategic management. It defines strategic management as the continuous planning, monitoring, analysis and assessment necessary for an organization to meet its goals and objectives. There are three main steps: planning, execution, and monitoring. The document outlines different classes of decisions, levels and types of strategies, and strategic models like Porter's generic strategies, BCG matrix, and Wheelen & Hunger's strategic model. It also discusses strategic management benefits like improved understanding of competitors and enhanced awareness of threats. Overall, the document provides an overview of key concepts in strategic management.
The document discusses operational excellence and business strategies. It recommends adopting a three pillar approach of capital effectiveness, asset productivity, and operations risk management. It promotes the use of six sigma methodologies to drive financial benefits, improve processes, and increase customer satisfaction. Finally, it proposes initiating operational excellence efforts at the company by setting up a team to identify improvement opportunities and complete projects in a phased manner over several months.
The document discusses operational excellence and outlines key principles for achieving it. It emphasizes making difficult choices based on available information, taking action even with uncertainty, and adjusting strategies through learning. It also stresses the importance of developing a differentiated strategy and cites examples where companies succeeded by focusing on new competitive dimensions rather than competing on existing terms. Overall the document provides a framework for operational excellence through strategic management, Six Sigma methodology, and setting up a measurement system to track performance and drive continuous improvement.
This document provides an overview of strategic management. It defines strategic management and outlines its key benefits. It describes the strategic management process, which includes identifying vision/mission, conducting SWOT analysis, formulating strategy, implementing strategy, and evaluating strategy. It also discusses the three levels of strategy - corporate, business, and functional. Finally, it explains concepts like growth strategy, stability strategy, vertical integration, horizontal integration, diversification, and concentration strategy.
This document provides information about Cost Academy, a strategic management training organization located in Kolkata, India. It includes contact information for the academy, as well as an outline of the strategic management course materials that will be covered, including definitions, frameworks, analysis tools, and case studies. The objectives of the course are to develop an understanding of general and competitive business environments as well as strategic management concepts and techniques.
This document discusses strategic management. It defines strategic management as the continuous planning, monitoring, analysis and assessment necessary for an organization to meet its goals. There are three main classifications of decisions: corporate, business, and functional. The document also discusses various strategic management frameworks and tools, including Porter's generic strategies, the BCG matrix, SWOT analysis, and the Wheelen and Hunger strategic management model. Finally, it outlines the benefits of strategic management for organizations.
This document discusses various business strategies that a firm can pursue, including stability, expansion, retrenchment, and combination strategies. It also discusses how the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) product portfolio matrix can help a firm select a strategy. The BCG matrix analyzes products based on their market share and growth rate to classify them as stars, cash cows, question marks, or dogs. This helps determine whether a strategy of stability, expansion, retrenchment, or combination would be most appropriate. Finally, the document discusses factors that influence strategic choices, such as managerial perceptions, attitudes toward risk, awareness of strategies, and power relationships.
The document outlines the 9 steps of the strategic management process: 1) Develop a clear vision and mission statement, 2) Assess strengths and weaknesses, 3) Scan for opportunities and threats, 4) Identify key success factors, 5) Analyze competition, 6) Create goals and objectives, 7) Formulate strategies, 8) Translate plans into action, 9) Establish controls. It provides details on developing a vision and mission statement to guide the company and communicating it effectively. It also discusses analyzing the internal/external environment, competition, and key success factors to craft strategic plans and maintain a competitive advantage.
According to the BCG product portfolio matrix, there are four types of business units: stars, cash cows, question marks, and dogs. The matrix uses market share on the horizontal axis and market growth rate on the vertical axis to classify units. Stars have high growth and market share, and expansion is the suggested strategy. Cash cows have low growth but high market share, and stability is suggested. Question marks have high growth but low market share, and should be converted to stars or divested. Dogs have low growth and market share, and should be divested or liquidated. The BCG matrix helps firms select the most appropriate grand strategy of stability, growth, retrenchment, or combination for each business unit.
The document discusses strategic management and outlines several key concepts:
1. Strategic management involves managerial decisions and actions to generate sustainable competitive advantage. It balances external opportunities and threats with internal strengths and weaknesses.
2. Effective strategies emerge over time through a process of trial and error, rather than being fully planned in advance. Managers must balance following intentional plans with adapting to changes.
3. In knowledge-based organizations, strategic management focuses on encouraging new ideas, awareness of the external environment, and social interaction, rather than top-down planning. The role of managers is to identify emerging order rather than direct it.
This document provides an overview of strategic management. It defines strategic management as a process that includes analyzing the external and internal environment, formulating strategies to match strengths/weaknesses with opportunities/threats, implementing strategies, and measuring success through strategic control. The five steps of the strategic management process are discussed in detail. The document also discusses different perspectives on strategic management, including the scientific and artistic views, and the influences of industrial organization theory, resource-based theory, and contingency theory.
Chapters - COmpeting in domestic and international marketsabhishekdhuri20
McDonald's has crafted a strategy that has allowed it to achieve sustained success in the quick-service restaurant industry. Key elements of McDonald's strategy include:
1. Offering a consistent, low-cost menu focused on hamburgers, fries, and other simple, affordable items.
2. Employing highly efficient operations and supply chain management to achieve industry-leading low costs and prices.
3. Relying on a franchise-dominated business model that drives global scale while transferring ownership costs to franchisees.
Businesses meet stakeholder needs by buying inputs like raw materials and labor to produce outputs like goods and services. They focus on efficiently using resources to generate profit. A business's strategy shows what it wants to achieve and how, including its purpose, goals, and plans to achieve goals through resource allocation. Strategy involves determining long-term goals and adopting methods to achieve them. Culture refers to shared beliefs and values in an organization that influence behaviors. Organizational culture can be vitalized, encouraging innovation, or bureaucratic, emphasizing rules compliance.
1) The document introduces strategic management and discusses its importance for organizations to effectively plan for and address strategic challenges in today's global business environment.
2) It outlines the five steps of the strategic management process: external analysis, internal analysis, strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategic control.
3) Strategic management involves both analyzing the internal and external environments to develop strategies to fulfill the organization's mission and gain a competitive advantage. Firms must then implement, execute, and monitor their strategies.
This document discusses why project managers need to understand their organization's strategy and strategic management processes. It provides three key reasons:
1. Project managers need to understand strategy to make appropriate project decisions and adjustments based on whether the organization prioritizes innovation, cost efficiency, speed to market, etc.
2. Project managers must be able to advocate for their projects and explain how each project contributes to the organization's mission and strategy to gain support from senior management.
3. Strategic management involves reviewing the organization's mission, analyzing external and internal factors, formulating strategies, setting objectives, and implementing strategies through projects. It provides focus and consistency across all levels of the organization.
UNIT 2 SEM 5.pptx bcom ba bba mba study materialAarifa gaur
The document discusses strategic planning and management. It defines strategic planning as a process where an organization's leaders define their vision and goals for the future. This typically represents mid- to long-term goals of 3-5 years. The process of strategic planning involves determining objectives, analyzing the external environment, conducting a self-appraisal, making strategic decisions, and implementing and controlling the strategy. The McKinsey 7S framework is also summarized, which analyzes 7 internal elements that must be aligned for organizational effectiveness: strategy, structure, systems, skills, style, staff, and shared values. PEST analysis is explained as a tool to assess political, economic, social and technological factors affecting an organization.
Similar to Unit 1 - Role of a leader in Global Strategy.pptx (20)
Discover the core principles and frameworks of Agile methodology in this comprehensive presentation by Mohamed Shebl. Designed for professionals and teams looking to adopt Agile practices, this presentation covers:Introduction to Agile: Understand what Agile is and how it helps teams deliver value efficiently.
Key Principles: Explore the four key values and twelve principles of Agile that prioritize flexibility, customer collaboration, and continuous improvement.
Benefits of Agile: Learn about the advantages of Agile, including flexibility, customer satisfaction, improved team collaboration, and early delivery.
Agile Frameworks: Get insights into popular Agile frameworks such as Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP).
The Scrum Framework: Detailed overview of Scrum roles, events, and artifacts to help you implement Scrum effectively.
Agile Artifacts: Understand essential Agile artifacts like the Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and Increment.
Agile Workflow: Step-by-step guide on planning, designing, developing, testing, reviewing, and releasing in Agile.
Agile Tools: Introduction to tools like JIRA, Trello, and Azure DevOps that facilitate Agile project management.
Getting Started with Agile: Delve into the world of Agile methodology with this in-depth presentation by Mohamed Shebl. "Agile Methodology In-Brief V1.1" provides a thorough exploration of Agile principles, frameworks, and practices, making it an essential guide for professionals seeking to enhance their project management approach.
Introduction to Agile:
Start with a clear understanding of what Agile is. Agile is an iterative approach to project management and software development that enables teams to deliver value to their customers faster and with fewer headaches. Unlike traditional project management methods that rely on a 'big bang' launch, Agile focuses on delivering work in small, consumable increments.
Key Principles of Agile:
Learn about the core values and principles that form the foundation of Agile methodology. Agile prioritizes individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over comprehensive documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, and responding to change over following a plan. These principles guide Agile teams to work more efficiently and flexibly.
Benefits of Agile:
Discover the numerous benefits Agile offers, including:
Flexibility and Adaptability: Quickly respond to changes in the project environment.
Customer Satisfaction: Ensure continuous delivery of valuable software.
Improved Team Collaboration: Foster better communication and teamwork.
Early and Predictable Delivery: Achieve smaller and more frequent releases.
Continuous Improvement: Regularly reflect and enhance processes.
Agile Frameworks:
Explore popular Agile frameworks such as:
Scrum: The most widely used framework with defined roles, events, and artifacts.
Kanban: Focuses on visualizing the workflow and limiting work in progress.
Distributed leadership in Ghorahi Cement Industry.pptxEr. Kushal Ghimire
Distributed leadership has gained significant traction in the Cement Industry of Nepal (Ghorahi Cement Industry), offering numerous advantages such as improved decision-making, enhanced employee engagement, innovation, organizational agility, and enhanced safety.
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• Solving Big Problems: At the core of Musk’s strategy is his
knack for tackling really big problems. He chooses
challenges that are both huge and complicated. Whether it’s
making electric cars with Tesla, planning trips to Mars
through SpaceX, or merging brains with technology in
projects like Neuralink, Musk takes on tasks that match his
big dreams for the future.
• Smart Way of Doing Things: Musk isn’t only about picking
problems. He’s also clever in how he sets up his companies
to solve them. He likes to keep things under his control, a
bit like having your own tools when you’re fixing something.
This helps him work faster and better, making his projects
more successful.
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• Getting Resources: One more thing that sets Musk apart is
his ability to gather lots of resources. He doesn’t rely only on
regular money-raising methods. He invests a lot of his own
money into his companies, and this shows that he’s serious
about his goals. His passion and vision are so strong that
they inspire others to invest, too.
• When we look at Musk’s approach across his different
companies, we don’t see chaos; we see a method in
the madness. For people who want to start new and exciting
businesses or for those who invest their money,
these lessons are really valuable. You can use these ideas to
make better choices in new areas like Web3 and
the metaverse.
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• Vision: Seeing the Big Picture
• Great strategies often start with a clear and exciting vision
of the future. Back in 1980, Bill Gates famously envisioned
“a computer on every desk and in every home.” Musk’s
companies have their own bold visions. Tesla wants to
“speed up the world’s shift to clean energy,” and SpaceX
aims to “make humans a multi-planetary species.” But to
truly grasp Musk, we must understand his overarching
vision that ties all his businesses together.
• Problems, Not Answers
• When we think of a vision, we usually imagine aiming for a
particular solution. However, Musk takes
a different approach. He’s more interested in specific types
of problems. Specifically, he’s drawn to challenges
that involve dealing with huge scale and solving
complex puzzles.
6. 6
• Scaling Up: Musk selects problems that can only be solved by
making massive investments. For example,
Tesla builds gigantic “gigafactories” to make electric cars
affordable for many people. The biggest one, Giga Texas,
is the largest factory in the world by size.
• Complex Challenges: He also tackles problems with lots of
moving parts that need to fit together perfectly, like reusable
rockets at SpaceX. These are incredibly tough problems, but if
you solve them, you can have a strong advantage.
9. Introduction
• Strategy is the larger vision in a
company that guides the plans for
employees and managers.
• Strategy has its foundation in strategic
thinking. It is the determination of the
long-term goals and objectives of an
organization and the courses of action
and resources necessary for
implementing these goals.
Strategic thinking produces strategies.
10. • In modern organizations executives
included every level of the organization
in developing and implementing the
overall strategy.
• Strategic planning must anticipate
unexpected events, randomness, and
chaos to provide a good strategy. Good
strategic planning allows a company to
develop a sustainable competitive
advantage.
Introduction (Cont.)
11. • The earlier history of planning found
organizations using current-year sales, and
environmental trends for 5 to 10 years and basing
their plant, product and investment decisions on
this data within a stable environment.
• The environment changed into one of uncertainty,
intensifying foreign competition, technological
obsolescence, and changing markets and
populations; and, managers turned to strategic
planning.
12. • Strategic planning is a process that reviews market
conditions, customer needs, competitive strengths and
weaknesses, sociopolitical, legal, and economic
conditions, technological developments, and the
availability of resources to assist the organization in its
planning for opportunities or threats.
• The Strategic Plan includes taking this environmental
information and deciding on a mission, objectives,
strategies and a strategic architecture.
See Figure 6-2 in the readings for a visual diagram of
the process.
13. Lets look at one strategic plan in
action. Review the Matsushita
process where department
managers provide 3 plans every 6 months:
A five-year plan with technological and
environmental changes, a two-year plan taking
strategies into new products, and a six-month
operating plan that shows monthly projections for
production, sales, profits, inventories, quality
control, and personal requirements.
14. Organizations need to reflect
to be successful the critical
questions are:
1. What is our business?
2. What should it be?
And these must be answered by top management.
15. Business Porfolio Matrix
Identify each division, product line -called
strategic business units (SBU’s) which have 4
parts (distinct mission, own competitors, single
business or collection of businesses).
They can be planned independently of other
businesses of the total organization.
Then form a matrix.
What are the Important
Strategic Thinking Frameworks?
16. Market
Growth
See Figure 6-3 in your reading and analyze your
internship company. Pick an area in your intern
organization an determine what products or services
fall into the 4 boxes: stars, ?, cash cow & cash trap.
17. Star is a SBU that has a high share of a high-growth market.
They need a great deal of resources because of growth.
When growth slows they become cash cows.
Cash Cow has a high share of a low-growth market and
produces a good deal of cash for the organization. Since the
market is not growing they do not require a great amount of
resources.
Question Mark has a low share of a high-growth market, and
the organization must decide whether to build, phase it out,
or eliminate.
Cash Trap Has a low market share of a low growth market. It
may generate enough cash to maintain itself, or be a
drain, but it does not generate sources of cash.
Definitions
18. 1. Build, if you believe it has the potential to be
a star.
2. Hold, if the SBU is already a successful cash
cow (especially when more cash is needed)
3. Harvest, appropriate for all SBUs except
cash cows.
4. Divest, getting rid of low-growth markets.
So What are your Strategic
Choices using the BCG
Business Porfolio Matrix?
19. Criticism of this approach
• Market share and market growth are
critical to profitability and sometimes
this finds managers unable to predict
the more profitable project.
• Some other critics contend that
managers focus on what to bring to
market and de-emphasize marketing.
• Also, can this matrix show the many
complex concepts in strategic
thinking? It is widely used across
diverse industries.
20. 2ND Model: Porter’s Five Forces
Harvard Business School economist
Michael Porter developed a framework
for developing a organization’s strategy.
Five competitive forces are identified:
1. The threat of new entrants
2. The threat of substitute products of services
3. The bargaining power of suppliers
4. The substitute products or services
5. The rivalry among the existing competitors.
He also uses complementors which refers to the
dependence that develops between companies whose
products work in conjunction with each other.
21. 2ND Model: Porter’s Five Forces
(Cont.)
• The strength of Porter’s model forces varies
in different industries. However, these 5
forces determine profitability since they shape
the firm prices, the costs, the investment
required to compete.
22. The Strategic Planning Process
1. The process asks manager to ask
what they want the future to be or
what they must do to ensure the `
desired future is achieved.
2. In a high performance organization, strategic
planning never ends.
3. Managers may be involved in the process and
influence it by providing information and
suggestions in their areas of responsibility. They
must know the process and results since their
own department objectives should be derived
from the strategic plan.
23. Example
One process highlighted was used by Tony Rigato, CEO of
MRM, Inc, a distributor of pneumatic industrial components in
Michigan. He identified 5 questions managers should
consider before the process begins:
1. Do you recognized a need to change?
2. Are you prepared for honest feedback even if it’s painful?
3. Are you willing to change the way you do business and
change yourself?
4. Will you turn the plan into action?
5. Do you have the guts to lead your company into
uncharted waters?
24. The Components of the
Strategic Process include:
1. Assessing the Organization’s Environment
2. Establishing an Organizational Mission
3. Establishing Organizational Goals and Objectives
4. Setting Operating Strategies.
Review the reading descriptions of these components.
Organizational strategies are the general
approaches used to achieve the organizational
objectives. These strategies include differentiation,
low cost, and niche.
25. Review the descriptions of these strategies.
It is important to remember that if an
organization's strategic plan is properly executed,
the scope, range, issues, and time perspectives
will differ from department to department. But all
the plans will be derived from the strategic plan
and this will guide the achievement.